CN112609467B - 一种增强暖感面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种增强暖感面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112609467B
CN112609467B CN202011395842.3A CN202011395842A CN112609467B CN 112609467 B CN112609467 B CN 112609467B CN 202011395842 A CN202011395842 A CN 202011395842A CN 112609467 B CN112609467 B CN 112609467B
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康翼鸿
喻学锋
黄湛
贾宝泉
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Wuhan Zhongke Advanced Technology Research Institute Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种增强暖感面料及其制备方法，面料包括三部分：发热层、导热蓄热层、隔热层，其中，所述发热层为暖感、保湿复合整理剂整理的面料，导热蓄热层为高导热相变微胶囊涂层、隔热层为气凝胶发泡涂层。该制备方法能通过协同各层间的发热、导热蓄热、隔热作用，实现面料的高效热管理，从而达到暖感效果的显著增强；同时通过在面料中加载保湿因子，使皮肤在冬日也能缓解干燥不适，带来保持滋润的感觉。

Description

一种增强暖感面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织加工领域，具体涉及一种增强暖感面料的制备方法。
背景技术
年复一年的冬季严寒和快节奏的生活方式使得人们对暖感面料提出了“质轻保暖”的需求。目前市面上暖感面料主要分为两类：积极式暖感面料如电能/化学能/太阳能加热面料、吸湿发热面料、相变蓄热面料，消极式暖感面料如层压/高密/低导热/远红外面料等。其中气凝胶因其极高的孔隙率和极低的体积密度被认为是良好的轻质保暖材料，但其因热导率低、透气性差使得人体产热后不能有效进行热交换而容易引发局部过热问题，因此需要一种能够进行热量缓冲的材料，将人体产生的热量进行有效储存，在降温的时候又能慢慢释放给人体，从而延缓降温的时间，起到增强保暖的作用。专利CN201910140873.5中公开了一种气凝胶相变保暖材料的制备方法，将气凝胶隔热与相变蓄热结合，有效缓解了气凝胶基材的低热交换缺陷。然而目前利用相变蓄热和气凝胶隔热来增强暖感效果的研究并不多。同时，人体靠自身产热并不足以感到温暖，还需要额外的暖感刺激，如暖感精油等。
目前的暖感面料具有如下缺点：部分暖感面料采用单一保暖材料，保暖效果不佳；部分暖感面料因透气性差、无法储热等，随着人体不断产热，容易出现局部过热现象；部分暖感面料因对皮肤的暖感刺激、过热等容易导致皮肤干燥。
因此，研发一类增强暖感面料，应用于保暖服装、防寒作业服、防护服、帽袜等，将消极保暖和积极保暖有效结合，协同发热层、导热蓄热层、隔热层之间的热管理作用，增强暖感效果，这对于严寒环境下的保暖和舒适性具有重要意义。
发明内容
本专利提供一种增强暖感面料及其制备方法，能通过协同各层间的发热、导热蓄热、隔热作用，实现面料的高效热管理，从而达到暖感效果的显著增强；同时通过在面料中加载保湿因子，使皮肤在冬日也能缓解干燥不适，带来保持滋润的感觉。
为实现上述目的，提出以下技术方案：
一种增强暖感面料，增强暖感面料包括三部分：发热层、导热蓄热层、隔热层，其中，所述发热层为暖感/保湿复合整理剂整理的面料，导热蓄热层为高导热相变微胶囊涂层、隔热层为气凝胶发泡涂层。
上述增强暖感面料的制备方法为：先用暖感/保湿整理剂对低导热面料进行发热、保湿浸轧整理得到发热层，再在发热层表面用高导热相变微胶囊胶浆进行单面涂层制备导热蓄热层，最后在导热蓄热层一侧采用气凝胶发泡浆料进行发泡整理制备隔热层，最终得到协同发热、导热蓄热、隔热功能的三层复合增强暖感面料。具体步骤如下：
1)将暖感微胶囊、保湿微胶囊、粘合剂A、渗透剂和一定量的水混合制备暖感/保湿复合整理剂，随后采用浸轧法对基材面料进行后整理得到发热层；
2)用相变微胶囊、高导热填料、交联剂、粘合剂B、增稠剂和一定量的水混合制备高导热相变涂层胶，在步骤1)得到的发热层表面用高导热相变涂层胶进行单面丝印涂层；
3)将气凝胶浆料、水性发泡胶浆、水性胶浆和水按一定比例共混制备气凝胶发泡浆料，对步骤2)得到的面料进行涂层处理后在鼓风烘箱中进行烘干，烘干后用压烫机进行压烫处理。
步骤1)中，所述基材面料为羊毛、莫代尔、涤纶、腈纶及其混纺面料。
具体的，所述暖感/保湿复合整理剂包括如下组分：暖感微胶囊乳液1-20份，保湿微胶囊乳液1-20份，粘合剂A0.1-10份，渗透剂0.1-10份，加水补至100份；制备方法为：将暖感微胶囊、保湿微胶囊、粘合剂A、渗透剂和一定量的水混合，在常温条件下搅拌至分散均匀。
具体的，所述浸轧工艺的浸渍时间为5-30min，双浸双轧，轧余率为50-200％。
具体的，所述暖感微胶囊为唐辛子、甘菊精油、辣椒素、生姜精油、咖啡因等中的任意一种或几种混合。
具体的，所述保湿微胶囊为乳木果精油、玻尿酸、卵磷脂、维生素C衍生物、维生素E、芦荟精油等中的任意一种或几种混合。
具体的，所述粘合剂A为水性聚氨酯、水性丙烯酸树脂、水性有机硅中的任意一种或两种混合。
具体的，所述渗透剂为硫酸化蓖麻油、烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基硫酸酯钠、烷基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠、胰加漂T、氨基磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚、磷酸酯类化合物,以及醇类化合物、酮类、醚类中的一种或多种混合。
步骤2)中，所述相变涂层胶包括如下组分：相变微胶囊1-40份，高导热填料0.01-10份，交联剂1-30份，粘合剂B1-20份，增稠剂0.1-10份，加水补至100份；制备方法为：将相变微胶囊、交联剂、粘合剂B、增稠剂和水按照一定比例混合，在常温条件下低速搅拌至得到均匀分散的相变涂层胶。
具体的，所述相变微胶囊为烷烃、多元醇中的任意一种或两种混合。
具体的，所述高导热填料为石墨、碳纳米管、石墨烯、氮化硼、氮化铝、氮化硅、碳化硅、氧化镁、氧化铍、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化硅中的任意一种或几种混合。
具体的，所述交联剂为聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂中的任意一种或两种混合。
具体的，所述粘合剂B为为水性聚氨酯、水性丙烯酸树脂、有机硅中的任意一种或两种混合。
具体的，所述增稠剂为丙烯酸共聚物。
步骤3)中，所述气凝胶发泡浆料包括如下组分：气凝胶浆料1-70份，水性发泡胶浆1-50份，水性胶浆1-50份，加水补至100份；制备方法为：气凝胶浆料、水性发泡胶浆、水性胶浆和水按一定比例混合，在常温条件下低速搅拌至得到均匀分散的气凝胶发泡浆料。
具体的，所述气凝胶浆料由二氧化硅气凝胶粉体、粘合剂C、表面活性剂等制备而成；
具体的，所述水性发泡胶浆为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯中的任意一种或几种混合。
具体的，所述水性胶浆为水性聚氨酯、水性丙烯酸树脂、有机硅中的任意一种或几种混合。
具体的，所述烘干工艺为100-180℃，2-60s，压烫工艺为100-180℃，2-60s。
本发明制备的增强暖感面料，与传统的暖感面料相比具有如下优势：
(1)采用暖感微胶囊和保湿微胶囊作为发热层，能使人体产生暖感，同时保湿因子也能缓解皮肤表面温度高带来的干燥感；
(2)采用气凝胶隔热保暖体系作为隔热层，协同发泡涂层微孔结构包含的大量静止空气，进一步降低导热，减少热对流，增强了消极保暖效果；
(3)人体自产热与精油刺激产热所呈现的热量，在人体中分布并不均匀，而这种不均衡热量又因气凝胶隔热层的低透气、低导热和不蓄热特点容易引发局部过热问题。在发热层和隔热层中间插入导热蓄热层，既能通过面内导热将局部热量迅速铺展开来，缓解局部过热问题；又能将人体产生的热量更快速地储存在蓄热层中，进一步减少过热隐患；同时，还能在温度过低时均衡地供给人体热量，实现多元化热管理效果。
这种复合结构结合了消极保暖和积极保暖两种方式，协同保湿产热、导热蓄热和隔热的作用，不论是从结构上还是性能上对人体暖感均起到了显著的促进作用。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容，但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
实施例一
取暖感微胶囊乳液10g，保湿微胶囊乳液10g，粘合剂A2g，渗透剂1g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀，将腈纶面料浸渍于上述分散液中20min，双浸双轧，轧余率100％，后置于85℃鼓风烘箱中烘干得到发热层。取相变微胶囊20g，氮化硼1g，交联剂10g，粘合剂B5g，增稠剂2g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到相变涂层胶，采用丝印工艺在上述发热层单面丝印整理，刮刀角度控制在70°，印刷次数为2次；取下面料，在100℃下烘15min，得到发热/导热蓄热复合层。取气凝胶浆料50g、水性发泡胶浆20g、水性胶浆10g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到气凝胶发泡浆料，对面料进行涂层处理后，置于120℃鼓风干燥箱中40s，随后用压烫机进行压烫处理，温度为120℃，时间为8s，得到增强暖感面料。
实施例二
取暖感微胶囊乳液5g，保湿微胶囊乳液8g，粘合剂A4g，渗透剂5g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀，将羊毛面料浸渍于上述分散液中40min，双浸双轧，轧余率120％，后置于90℃鼓风烘箱中烘干得到发热层。取相变微胶囊20g，碳纳米管0.5g，交联剂10g，粘合剂B5g，增稠剂2g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到相变涂层胶，采用丝印工艺在上述发热层单面丝印整理，刮刀角度控制在60°，印刷次数为1次；取下面料，在110℃下烘12min，得到发热/导热蓄热复合层。取气凝胶浆料40g、水性发泡胶浆40g、水性胶浆30g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到气凝胶发泡浆料，对面料进行涂层处理后，置于160℃鼓风干燥箱中10s，随后用压烫机进行压烫处理，温度为110℃，时间为15s，得到增强暖感面料。
实施例三
取暖感微胶囊乳液10g，保湿微胶囊乳液10g，粘合剂A2g，渗透剂2g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀，将涤纶面料浸渍于上述分散液中50min，双浸双轧，轧余率110％，后置于85℃鼓风烘箱中烘干得到发热层。取相变微胶囊30g，氧化镁0.02g，交联剂20g，粘合剂B2g，增稠剂1g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到相变涂层胶，采用丝印工艺在上述发热层单面丝印整理，刮刀角度控制在65°，印刷次数为1次；取下面料，在105℃下烘14min，得到发热/导热蓄热复合层。取气凝胶浆料30g、水性发泡胶浆30g、水性胶浆30g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到气凝胶发泡浆料，对面料进行涂层处理后，置于150℃鼓风干燥箱中18s，随后用压烫机进行压烫处理，温度为130℃，时间为40s，得到增强暖感面料。
实施例四
取暖感微胶囊乳液15g，保湿微胶囊乳液10g，粘合剂A5g，渗透剂0.8g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀，将莫代尔面料浸渍于上述分散液中46min，双浸双轧，轧余率90％，后置于95℃鼓风烘箱中烘干得到发热层。取相变微胶囊32g，石墨烯0.95g，氮化硼0.05g，交联剂16g，粘合剂B6g，增稠剂1.5g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到相变涂层胶，采用丝印工艺在上述发热层单面丝印整理，刮刀角度控制在65°，印刷次数为1次；取下面料，在105℃下烘14min，得到发热/导热蓄热复合层。取气凝胶浆料40g、水性发泡胶浆35g、水性胶浆12g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到气凝胶发泡浆料，对面料进行涂层处理后，置于110℃鼓风干燥箱中23s，随后用压烫机进行压烫处理，温度为120℃，时间为10s，得到增强暖感面料。
实施例五
取暖感微胶囊乳液5g，保湿微胶囊乳液5g，粘合剂A2g，渗透剂1g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀，将莫代尔/腈纶混纺面料浸渍于上述分散液中33min，双浸双轧，轧余率135％，后置于70℃鼓风烘箱中烘干得到发热层。取相变微胶囊24g，碳化硅8g，交联剂12g，粘合剂B5g，增稠剂2g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到相变涂层胶，采用丝印工艺在上述发热层单面丝印整理，刮刀角度控制在75°，印刷次数为1次；取下面料，在135℃下烘11min，得到发热/导热蓄热复合层。取气凝胶浆料28g、水性发泡胶浆35g、水性胶浆12g，加水补至100g，搅拌均匀得到气凝胶发泡浆料，对面料进行涂层处理后，置于110℃鼓风干燥箱中23s，随后用压烫机进行压烫处理，温度为150℃，时间为15s，得到增强暖感面料。

Claims (7)

1.一种增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述增强暖感面料包括发热层、导热蓄热层、隔热层，所述发热层为暖感/保湿复合整理剂整理的面料， 导热蓄热层为高导热相变微胶囊涂层、隔热层为气凝胶发泡涂层；
包括如下步骤：
1）将暖感微胶囊、保湿微胶囊、粘合剂A、渗透剂和一定量的水混合制备暖感/保湿复合整理剂，随后采用浸轧法对基材面料进行后整理得到发热层；所述暖感/保湿复合整理剂包括以重量计的如下组分：暖感微胶囊乳液1-20份，保湿微胶囊乳液1-20份，粘合剂A0.1-10份，渗透剂0.1-10份，加水补至100份；
2）用相变微胶囊、高导热填料、交联剂、粘合剂B、增稠剂和一定量的水混合制备高导热相变涂层胶，在步骤1）得到的发热层表面用高导热相变涂层胶进行单面丝印涂层；所述高导热相变涂层胶包括以重量计的如下组分：相变微胶囊1-40份，高导热填料0.01-10份，交联剂1-30份，粘合剂B1-20份，增稠剂0.1-10份，加水补至100份；
3）将气凝胶浆料、水性发泡胶浆、水性胶浆和水按一定比例共混制备气凝胶发泡浆料，对步骤2）得到的面料进行涂层处理后在鼓风烘箱中进行烘干，烘干后用压烫机进行压烫处理；所述气凝胶发泡浆料包括以重量计的如下组分：气凝胶浆料1-70份，水性发泡胶浆1-50份，水性胶浆1-50份，加水补至100份；
所述暖感微胶囊为含有唐辛子、甘菊精油、辣椒素、生姜精油或咖啡因的微胶囊中任意一种或几种混合；所述保湿微胶囊为含有乳木果精油、玻尿酸、卵磷脂、维生素C衍生物、维生素E或芦荟精油的微胶囊中任意一种或几种混合；
所述相变微胶囊为含有烷烃或多元醇的微胶囊中任意一种或两种混合；所述的高导热填料为石墨、碳纳米管、石墨烯、氮化硼、氮化铝、氮化硅、碳化硅、氧化镁、氧化铍、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化硅中任意一种或几种混合。
2.根据权利要求1所述增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1）中粘合剂A为水性聚氨酯、水性丙烯酸树脂、水性有机硅中的任意一种或两种混合；所述渗透剂为硫酸化蓖麻油、烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基硫酸酯钠、烷基萘磺酸钠、琥珀酸烷基酯磺酸钠、胰加漂T、氨基磺酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、聚醚、磷酸酯类化合物,以及醇类化合物、酮类、醚类中的一种或多种混合。
3.根据权利要求1所述增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）中的高导热相变涂层胶的制备方法为：将相变微胶囊、交联剂、粘合剂B、增稠剂和水按照一定比例混合，在常温条件下低速搅拌至得到均匀分散的高导热相变涂层胶。
4.根据权利要求1所述增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2）中的交联剂为聚氨酯、丙烯酸树脂中的任意一种或两种混合；所述的粘合剂B为水性聚氨酯、水性丙烯酸树脂、有机硅中的任意一种或两种混合；所述的增稠剂为丙烯酸共聚物。
5.根据权利要求1所述增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3）中的气凝胶发泡浆料的制备方法为：气凝胶浆料、水性发泡胶浆、水性胶浆和水按一定比例混合，在常温条件下低速搅拌至得到均匀分散的气凝胶发泡浆料。
6.根据权利要求1所述增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述气凝胶浆料由二氧化硅气凝胶粉体、粘合剂C、表面活性剂等制备而成。
7.根据权利要求1所述增强暖感面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述水性发泡胶浆为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、聚氯乙烯、聚氨酯中的任意一种或几种混合； 所述水性胶浆为水性聚氨酯、水性丙烯酸树脂、有机硅中的任意一种或几种混合。
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