CN112608501A - 一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112608501A
CN112608501A CN202011426133.7A CN202011426133A CN112608501A CN 112608501 A CN112608501 A CN 112608501A CN 202011426133 A CN202011426133 A CN 202011426133A CN 112608501 A CN112608501 A CN 112608501A
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徐向远
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Anhui Tenglong Pump And Valve Manufacturing Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于化工隔膜泵技术领域，尤其是一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，本发明公开的制备方法采用橡胶多组分共混，使气体接触的全部部件均为耐腐蚀橡胶，模具开模一次成型，耐腐蚀性能远优于不锈钢、玻璃等材料具有的密封性能，确保腐蚀气体不会泄露到空气中，更好的保护操作人员安全，隔膜耐腐蚀性能强，适用于强酸、强碱等强腐蚀性介质的调节。

Description

一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于化工隔膜泵技术领域，尤其是一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法。
背景技术
隔膜泵的压缩空气为动力推动隔膜运动，因此，具有结构简单、体积小和重量轻等特点。输出泥浆压力在0.5MPa以下。结构原理气动隔膜泵结构有两个对称的带隔膜的泵缸（A泵缸和B泵缸），连杆将两泵缸的隔膜连在一体，压缩空气从进口进入配气阀，推动A缸隔膜运动，将泥浆从A缸压迫出来。与此同时，连杆的另一端带动B缸隔膜运动，使泵缸内容积增大，呈负压状态，泥浆被吸入B缸。当A缸隔膜运动到终点时，配气阀自动换向。压缩空气进入B缸，推动B缸隔膜运动，压迫B缸泥浆排出，同时A缸吸入泥浆。这样周期地运动，在单向阀的配合下泥浆从被吸入到排出，橡胶隔膜密封常用于往复运动密封及高真空密封。隔膜是一种柔软的薄璧橡胶件,可将压力不同的两个腔室隔开,或者使某一个腔室同空间隔离,使压力的变化转变成位移或者使位移运动变成压力的变化。隔膜由橡胶或橡胶夹织物制成。本领域技术人员亟待开发一种一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法。
针对上述问题，本发明旨在提供一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：（1）)准备基底层、增强耐磨层和粘接层原料，其中，橡胶基底层中包括以下重量份的成分：粉末丁腈橡胶78~84份、增强剂35~42份、增塑浆粕15~20份、防老剂2~3份、交联固化剂3~5份；增强耐磨层包括以下重量份的成分：1,2-聚丁二烯树脂37~42份、丙烯酸酯橡胶100~112份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶14~17份、润滑剂0.5~0.7份、稳定剂0.8~1.2份、氯化聚乙烯2.2~3.7份、环保交联剂1~2份、交联促进剂0.5~0.7份、PBAN聚合物25~31份、耐磨粒子4.3~5.7份；粘接层包括以下重量份的成分：酚醛丁腈树脂10~12份、端羧基聚丁二烯橡胶12~14份、硬化剂0.2~0.5份；将构成橡胶基底层和增强耐磨的组分均匀混合成物料A和物料B；（2）分别将步骤（1）中用于制备橡胶基底和表面耐磨橡胶骨架的物料A和物料B分别送入不同的密炼机中进行一次混炼，混炼温度均为120~130℃、压力为20~24MPa，转子转速为100~200rpm，混炼120~180s，经裁剪、切料得基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶；（3）将步骤（1）的粘接层的原料均匀混合，均匀涂抹贴敷在基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶之间；（4）将步骤（2）中制得的基底层、增强耐磨层通过热硫化工艺粘和而成得到隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜。
进一步的，所述增塑浆粕为增塑剂四戊酸季戊四醇与芳纶1414浆粕按质量比1∶2的混合物。
进一步的，所述交联固化剂为对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂，增强剂为辉绿岩粉。
进一步的，所述的耐磨粒子为聚苯酯微粒、可溶性聚四氟乙烯微粒中的其中一种。
进一步的，所述的交联促进剂为N-五亚甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-硫醇基苯并咪唑、N-环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺中的其中一种。
进一步的，所述的硬化剂为乌洛托品、碳酸丙烯酯中的其中一种。
进一步的，所述的环保交联剂为双-（2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰）、过氧化二异丙苯、异氰尿酸三烯丙酯中的其中一种。
进一步的，所述的稳定剂为N-亚硝基二苯胺、N-环己基硫代邻苯二甲酰亚胺中的其中一种。
进一步的，所述的润滑剂为微晶石蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺中的其中一种，脱模剂为聚二乙基硅氧烷，热硫化工艺具体为通入高压1.2~1.4MPa蒸汽，在2~4分钟后再次切换加压7.5~8MPa，150~155℃硫化10~15分钟。
聚丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物简称PBAN。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明公开的制备方法通过基底层、增强耐磨层通过热硫化工艺粘和而成得到隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜， 通过共混可以改善丙烯酸酯橡胶的拉伸力学强度，并改善加工性能同时降低成本，通过共混1,2-聚丁二烯树脂、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶、PBAN聚合物后，耐磨性能、耐腐蚀性能，耐低温性能均有所改善，且由于PBAN聚合物的引入与粘结层粘结良好，基底层粉末丁腈橡胶、增强剂、增塑浆粕可以使基底层具有较好的力学强度，可以吸收增素浆粕，使其均匀的分散在基底层，提高橡胶隔膜的强度，芳纶浆粕具有芳纶纤维优秀的特性，如高模量、高强度，优良的热稳定性、化学稳定性、尺寸稳定性，韧性好，与芳纶短纤维相比，它有较高的比表面积有更多的接触面积，带有一定的伸张性能，能更好的抵抗应力集中，有利于橡胶隔膜性能的提高。
相比现有技术本发明具有如下优点：
本发明公开的制备方法制备的隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜具有不吸潮，耐磨，对氧、紫外线极稳定，具有优异的耐候性，耐化学腐蚀性能，耐化学腐蚀性能：化学性能较稳定，耐大多数有机、无机溶剂，以及大部分石油基油类，适于隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的应用。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，具体方法如下：
（1）)准备基底层、增强耐磨层和粘接层原料，其中，橡胶基底层中包括以下重量份的成分：粉末丁腈橡胶84份、增强剂42份、增塑浆粕20份、防老剂3份、交联固化剂5份；增强耐磨层包括以下重量份的成分：1,2-聚丁二烯树脂42份、丙烯酸酯橡胶112份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶17份、润滑剂0.7份、稳定剂1.2份、氯化聚乙烯3.7份、环保交联剂2份、交联促进剂0.7份、PBAN聚合物31份、耐磨粒子5.7份；粘接层包括以下重量份的成分：酚醛丁腈树脂12份、端羧基聚丁二烯橡胶14份、硬化剂0.5份；将构成橡胶基底层和增强耐磨的组分均匀混合成物料A和物料B；（2）分别将步骤（1）中用于制备橡胶基底和表面耐磨橡胶骨架的物料A和物料B分别送入不同的密炼机中进行一次混炼，混炼温度均为130℃、压力为24MPa，转子转速为200rpm，混炼180s，经裁剪、切料得基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶；（3）将步骤（1）的粘接层的原料均匀混合，均匀涂抹贴敷在基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶之间；（4）将步骤（2）中制得的基底层、增强耐磨层通过热硫化工艺粘和而成得到隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜，所述增塑浆粕为增塑剂四戊酸季戊四醇与芳纶1414浆粕按质量比1∶2的混合物，所述交联固化剂为对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂，增强剂为辉绿岩粉，所述的耐磨粒子为聚苯酯微粒、可溶性聚四氟乙烯微粒中的其中一种，所述的交联促进剂为N-五亚甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-硫醇基苯并咪唑、N-环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺中的其中一种，所述的硬化剂为碳酸丙烯酯，所述的环保交联剂为异氰尿酸三烯丙酯，所述的稳定剂为N-环己基硫代邻苯二甲酰亚胺，所述的润滑剂为微晶石蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺，脱模剂为聚二乙基硅氧烷，热硫化工艺具体为通入高压1.2MPa蒸汽，在2分钟后再次切换加压7.5MPa，150℃硫化10分钟。
对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂购自广东快事达2402酚醛树脂，茂名石化70号80号微晶石蜡，聚苯酯微粒Ekonol S330，浙江轩泰材料公司的回潮率为8%，平均长度为2-2.5mm，表面积为8m2/g的芳纶浆粕，增塑剂四戊酸季戊四醇为柏斯托PETV，1,2-聚丁二烯树脂为热固性FCR-1261，RK-001羧基型丙烯酸酯橡胶，粉末丁腈橡胶P-83，氯化聚乙烯CPE-135A，山东齐龙化工的CTPBII型，乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶EVM500HV，辉绿岩购自广西河池1000目产品。
实施例2
一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：（1）)准备基底层、增强耐磨层和粘接层原料，其中，橡胶基底层中包括以下重量份的成分：粉末丁腈橡胶78份、增强剂35份、增塑浆粕15份、防老剂2份、交联固化剂3份；增强耐磨层包括以下重量份的成分：1,2-聚丁二烯树脂37份、丙烯酸酯橡胶100份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶14份、润滑剂0.5份、稳定剂0.8份、氯化聚乙烯2.2份、环保交联剂1份、交联促进剂0.5份、PBAN聚合物25份、耐磨粒子4.3份；粘接层包括以下重量份的成分：酚醛丁腈树脂10份、端羧基聚丁二烯橡胶12份、硬化剂0.2份；将构成橡胶基底层和增强耐磨的组分均匀混合成物料A和物料B；（2）分别将步骤（1）中用于制备橡胶基底和表面耐磨橡胶骨架的物料A和物料B分别送入不同的密炼机中进行一次混炼，混炼温度均为120℃、压力为24MPa，转子转速为100rpm，混炼120s，经裁剪、切料得基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶；（3）将步骤（1）的粘接层的原料均匀混合，均匀涂抹贴敷在基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶之间；（4）将步骤（2）中制得的基底层、增强耐磨层通过热硫化工艺粘和而成得到隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜，所述增塑浆粕为增塑剂四戊酸季戊四醇与芳纶1414浆粕按质量比1∶2的混合物，所述交联固化剂为对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂，增强剂为辉绿岩粉，所述的耐磨粒子为聚苯酯微粒，所述的交联促进剂为N-五亚甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌，所述的硬化剂为乌洛托品，所述的环保交联剂为双-（2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰），所述的稳定剂为N-亚硝基二苯胺，所述的润滑剂为微晶石蜡，脱模剂为聚二乙基硅氧烷，热硫化工艺具体为通入高压1.4MPa蒸汽，在4分钟后再次切换加压8MPa，155℃硫化15分钟。。
对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂购自广东快事达2402酚醛树脂，茂名石化70号80号微晶石蜡，聚苯酯微粒Ekonol S330，浙江轩泰材料公司的回潮率为8%，平均长度为2-2.5mm，表面积为8m2/g的芳纶浆粕，增塑剂四戊酸季戊四醇为柏斯托PETV，1,2-聚丁二烯树脂为热固性FCR-1261，RK-001羧基型丙烯酸酯橡胶，粉末丁腈橡胶P-83，氯化聚乙烯CPE-135A，山东齐龙化工的CTPBII型，乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶EVM500HV，辉绿岩购自广西河池1000目产品。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例2相比，省去乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例2相比，省去氯化聚乙烯，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例3相比，省去1,2-聚丁二烯树脂，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
将实施例和对比例的隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜进行性能检测，检测结果见表1
表1实施例和对比例的隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜性能测试对比结果
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
注：拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、扯断永久变形按GB/T528 规定方法进行，采用I型试样；撕裂强度按GB/T529-2009规定方法进行，采用直角撕裂试样；硬度按GB/T531规定方法进行；热空气老化试验按GB/T3512规定方法进行；耐液体试验按GB/T1690规定方法进行；耐臭氧试验按GB/T7762规定方法进行；压缩永久变形试验按GB/T7759.1规定方法进行；脆性温度按GB/T1682规定方法进行；表面质量采用相应量具及目测的方法进行检验。

Claims (9)

1.一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：（1）)准备基底层、增强耐磨层和粘接层原料，其中，橡胶基底层中包括以下重量份的成分：粉末丁腈橡胶78~84份、增强剂35~42份、增塑浆粕15~20份、防老剂2~3份、交联固化剂3~5份；增强耐磨层包括以下重量份的成分：1,2-聚丁二烯树脂37~42份、丙烯酸酯橡胶100~112份、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯橡胶14~17份、润滑剂0.5~0.7份、稳定剂0.8~1.2份、氯化聚乙烯2.2~3.7份、环保交联剂1~2份、交联促进剂0.5~0.7份、PBAN聚合物25~31份、耐磨粒子4.3~5.7份；粘接层包括以下重量份的成分：酚醛丁腈树脂10~12份、端羧基聚丁二烯橡胶12~14份、硬化剂0.2~0.5份；将构成橡胶基底层和增强耐磨的组分均匀混合成物料A和物料B；（2）分别将步骤（1）中用于制备橡胶基底和表面耐磨橡胶骨架的物料A和物料B分别送入不同的密炼机中进行一次混炼，混炼温度均为120~130℃、压力为20~24MPa，转子转速为100~200rpm，混炼120~180s，经裁剪、切料得基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶；（3）将步骤（1）的粘接层的原料均匀混合，均匀涂抹贴敷在基底层、增强耐磨层橡胶之间；（4）将步骤（2）中制得的基底层、增强耐磨层通过热硫化工艺粘和而成得到隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述增塑浆粕为增塑剂四戊酸季戊四醇与芳纶1414浆粕按质量比1∶2的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述交联固化剂为对叔丁基苯酚甲醛树脂，增强剂为辉绿岩粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的耐磨粒子为聚苯酯微粒、可溶性聚四氟乙烯微粒中的其中一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的交联促进剂为N-五亚甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-硫醇基苯并咪唑、N-环己基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺中的其中一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的硬化剂为乌洛托品、碳酸丙烯酯中的其中一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的环保交联剂为双-（2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰）、过氧化二异丙苯、异氰尿酸三烯丙酯中的其中一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的稳定剂为N-亚硝基二苯胺、N-环己基硫代邻苯二甲酰亚胺中的其中一种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔膜泵耐腐蚀橡胶隔膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的润滑剂为微晶石蜡、乙撑双硬脂酰胺中的其中一种，脱模剂为聚二乙基硅氧烷。
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