CN1125983A - 个人定位器系统 - Google Patents

个人定位器系统 Download PDF

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CN1125983A
CN1125983A CN95190245A CN95190245A CN1125983A CN 1125983 A CN1125983 A CN 1125983A CN 95190245 A CN95190245 A CN 95190245A CN 95190245 A CN95190245 A CN 95190245A CN 1125983 A CN1125983 A CN 1125983A
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plu
node
response
communication system
signal
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CN1079537C (zh
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马丁·H·辛格
丹尼尔·泰尔
安东尼·科伯林兹
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Motorola Mobility LLC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/0202—Child monitoring systems using a transmitter-receiver system carried by the parent and the child
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
    • G01S13/878—Combination of several spaced transmitters or receivers of known location for determining the position of a transponder or a reflector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/0009—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S5/0045—Transmission from base station to mobile station
    • G01S5/0054—Transmission from base station to mobile station of actual mobile position, i.e. position calculation on base station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/01—Determining conditions which influence positioning, e.g. radio environment, state of motion or energy consumption
    • G01S5/019—Energy consumption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/001—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S2205/006—Transmission of position information to remote stations for emergency situations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/001—Transmission of position information to remote stations
    • G01S2205/008—Transmission of position information to remote stations using a mobile telephone network
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S2205/01—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S2205/05—Anti-theft or abduction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/14—Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

在通信系统中对便携定位装置定位的系统和方法。便携定位装置(PLU)(4)可以响应由遥控启动源产生的外部信号(62)被启动，启动源例如是用户(6，8)或PLU检测器(106，108)，或是通过由携带者触发的内部启动信号来启动。启动之后，PLU(4)就发射定位信号(66)。该定位信号(66)由一或多个网络业务节点(20，22，24)接收，节点将这一信息和业务节点识别信息一起发送给网络定位处理器(26，28)。在根据接收到的信息确定了PLU(4)的位置之后，网络定位处理器(26，28)发送给指定的源，例如发送给提出请求的用户或其他允许的用户(6，8)。

Description

个人定位器系统
本发明涉及用以对人或物体定位的系统，其体涉及一种用以对人和/或物体定位和跟踪的无线通信系统。
关于拐骗儿童和偷窃的每日新闻已使我们屡见不鲜了。甚至连心肠最硬的犬儒学派看了以下拐骗儿童的事也会触目惊心：一个陌生人从家里绑架了一个女孩；几个青少年从商场里抱走了喊叫的婴儿；几个幼儿在医院被拐骗走。现在所有要去公共场所的父母和孩子都保持戒备状态并感到惶恐不安。
以前业已提出的那些解决方案在有效性方面很有限，或者说，实践证明还不能供普通人使用。例如美国专利4,899,135所述的孩子监视装置，其范围是有限的，一旦孩子超出了其范围就无法提供对孩子重新定位。美国专利5,021,794所述的应急定位器系统，提供了一种在较大范围内寻找孩子的装置，但是还需要移动的引导(homing)设备的协助，并且在超出了引导信标的有限广播范围时仍然无效。
虽然现在技术提供了较好的定位方法，但这些方法因费用过高而无法供普通人使用。虽然在车上安装RF标记有可能知道对被盗汽车的位置，但用于这种标记的发射机需要高功率源(汽车蓄电池)，并且相当昂贵(目前超过500美元)，还需要配备了用于跟踪汽车的附加的硬件和软件(更昂贵)的当地公安局的参与。美国专利5,218,367的应急系统也是一个昂贵的解决方案，依赖于一个车载的应急起动电路和一个高功率源，用于连续的多信元控制信号扫描及相应的传输。同样，设有GPS(全球定位系统)接收机的任何系统尽管能提供精确的定位信息，但该定位装置庞大笨重并增加数百美元的费用。
对于符合廉价要求的定位器装置需求的解决方案还需要顾及人们对私人事务保密的权利。为了防止在其他位置的不应有的第三者介入(监听)，必须设置安全装置。这样，在采用任何有效的解决方案来提供廉价的定位系统时，它还应该包括一个子系统，以确保只有那些有权跟踪定位装置运动的人才能获得定位信息。
最后，还希望任何这样的解决方案都能提供定位信息，而无需介入我们业已过载的应急业务，除了必需介入的情况以外。
这些上述的需要和其它的需要都能由本文中所公开的用以在通信网中对一个便携定位装置定位的系统和方法基本上得以满足。该便携式定位器单元(PLU)可以由外部信号或内部信号二者启动，外部信号是由一个遥控启动源，例如一个用户或PLU检测器产生的，而内部启动信号是由携带者触发的。PLU一旦启动，就发射定位信号。该定位信号被一或多个网络业务节点所接收，各节点把该信息和业务节点识别信息一起传送给网络定位处理器。网络定位处理器根据接收到信息确定了PLU的位置之后，就把这一信息发送给一个被指定的源，例如正请求的用户或其他授权的使用者。
图1示出按照本发明的一个通信网络；
图2示出采用本发明的第一个实施例对PLU定位的步骤流程图；
图3示出按照本发明的另一实施例，可以用于确定PLU的位置并通信的步骤流程图；
图4示出按照本发明的又一实施例、用于启动PLU的流程图。
本发明利用一个低功率且廉价的便携式定位单元(PLU)与具有无线业务节点的通信系统相结合，可使用户能对PLU定位的一种独特的解决方案，从而解决了上述问题。图1示出一种这样的通信网络。在这种情况下，便携式定位单元(PLU)4固定到一个丢失或被拐骗的孩子身上，它具有一个标记物、装饰手镯等形式。尽管PLU采用这种特定的形式并且适当的小型化，但它可以将其装入几乎任何物体(例如皮带、手表或耳机等)中。该PLU包括一个低功率源、一个收发信机、一个用以存储指令和操作该单元所需的其他信息(例如PLU识别符)的存储器，以及一个天线(图中未示出)。为了节省功率，最好在为了定位目的而被启动之前，PLU处于只接收方式。
在PLU4被启动之后，利用通信网的一个或多个业务节点来确定PLU4的位置。这些节点在图1中被示为一个通信网中的收发信基站(BTS)20、22和24，它包括蜂窝电话基础结构设施。该网络不限于蜂窝系统，在某些区域内甚至可以不包括任何蜂窝业务节点。鉴此，业务节点就可以是诸如中继无线电设备、卫星或个人通信业务(PCS)系统之类的不同系统中的一部分，并且期望一个综合网中包括所有这些或更多的系统。唯一的要求就是这种网应该包括能够与PLU进行无线通信的业务节点。
在具有诸如微蜂窝网之类的足够小的节点的网中，PLU4的位置可以根据PLU4在一个这种节点20的覆盖区16中的位置来足够精确地被确定。在具有分区天线的较大的网孔中，PLU4的大致位置可以根据分区收发信机的接收覆盖区18来确定。然而，在比微网孔大些的网孔和在希望一个以上的大致定位的地方，可以利用一或多个附加步骤来确定PLU4的位置，这将在下文结合图3来讨论。
在BTS20是一个微蜂窝节点时，从BTS20传送到基站控制器(BSC)30的定位信息可以是一个很简单的信号，该信号含有PLU4的一个移动ID码(MIN)之类的标识符和BTS20的节点ID号码(NIN)。另一种方案是，BSC30是一个蜂窝或无线应用处理机(C/WAP)，通过电话交换机(图中未示出)直接连接到公用电话交换网(PSTN)32。BSC30被连接到移动业务交换中心(MSC)28。与MSC28相连接的是一个位置记录器。位置记录器处理访问和住所位置功能，这取决于PLU是否在MSC28中记录了其住所位置。
在所示的实施例中，一个访问位置记录器(VLR)26被连接到MSC28上。PLU4的住所位置记录器(HLR)36可以直接连接到或通过一个或多个MSC连接到PSTN32。尽管使用VLR26不是主要的，但是最好考虑通信网内可能有多个操作者的因素。例如，利用存储在其本地VLR26中的信息，一个操作者可以根据从BTS20发来的识别信息识别出BTS20的地理位置，或是甚至识别出分区覆盖区18之类的子区。然后这个地理信息和PLU4的MIN以及接收时间一起通过MSC28和PSTN32传送给HLR36。这就简化信息的数量，否则在整个网中的每个位置记录器中保存这些信息，在某些场合下，作为一种实践，这样的信息(例如分区覆盖区的识别信息)。对于不同类型的系统中正在竞争的操作者的位置记录是不能使用的。
最后，每个HLR最好是包含用户优先信息，该信息指出PLU位置信息将如何传送。这样的优先包括：传送信息的手段，亦即数据或话音通过有线或无线(寻呼或蜂窝)的系统传送给一个特定的终端系统或接收设备(例如蜂窝电话)；以及所需的格式(例如地理位置、大至的地点名称(建筑物)，相对位置等)。
本领域的技术人员业已承认，对于诸如NAMPS(窄带高级移动电话业务)那样的高级操作系统中装备和使用PLU可以得到非常有意义的附加的特点。PLU利用扩充协议信息(extended Protocolmessages)来登记记录，而不会干扰规则的移动登记，也可在PLU不占用上行链路资源的条件下向它们发送指令(即按照设定的间隔“登记记录”，或是调谐到一个信道)。另外，可以在控制信道上向移动跟踪器6发送位置更新作为数据信号，而不必分配给其一个业务信道。
参见图2，该图示出在包括一个蜂窝系统的一个网络中实施本发明的一个实施例。在本例中，定位业务是由来自一个用户的请求而启始的。这个请求可以通过拨叫PLU的指定号码来启始。当拨号从诸如图1的电话8那样的固定站直接拨到PSTN时，PLU4的号码之前必须是一个适当的系统接入号码，如果从无线环境例如从图1的移动装置6接入该系统，则可以采用适当的系统协议(例如PLU号码增加一个后缀，用于识别该呼叫是一个对PLU的定位请求。呼叫一旦接通，就提示用户输入一个为PLU4的定位业务指定的PIN，根据PIN的证实，可以提示用户输入其所需的业务形式(假如协议还未识别)，即定位、保持等。
在对PLU4的定位请求之后，关于PLU4的业务参数就从HLR36中被读出，并用于启动PLU4。这样，当PLU4被一个大范围寻呼指令启动时，就向寻呼系统传发一个启动命令，以便从寻呼天线12上向PLU4广播一个寻呼消息(信号10)。另一方面，如果PLU4被设置成仅能通过蜂窝电话频带发送和接收，则将一个启动命令传遍从每个BTS发送的网络中有关的蜂窝操作系统。为了节省系统资源，本领域的技术人员知道采用适当的算法去搜索PLU4，例如从靠近HLR36的网孔开始，或由用户根据PLU4的已知的最后位置所指定的某个其他位置开始。
一收到启动信号，PLU4就从只接收方式切换到接收和发送方式。在这种方式下，PLU4监测本地BTS的寻呼和控制信道，以确定BTS使用的传输信道。PLU4登记记录最强的BTS，发送包括PLU的MIN的定位信号(LS)。该信息和接收BTS20的节点识别号码(NIN)一起通过BSC30传送给VLR26。VLR26通过查表把NIN或是其他从BTS20接收到的位置识别信息变换成PLU4的近似地理位置。然后使用MIN地址信息把这一位置信息和接收的时间一起发送给HLR36。
最后，HLR36一接收到位置信息，该位置信息就按照请求的格式(存储在PLU业务参数中，包括了用户优先)被传送给用户。这样，如果用户是在操作一个移动装置6，则该位置信息就按照移动单元可使用的格式来传送。如果移动单元6是一个数字寻呼机，则该信息就可以显示在寻呼机的显示器上。另一方面，如果移动单元6是一台蜂窝电话，则该信息可按话音格式传送。此外，如果移动单元6被跟踪(即通过适当的请求将其位置也存入HLR36)，则可计算该信息和发送它，以把PLU4的近似相对位置(即距离和方向)给移动单元6。
在上述实施例中，该系统连续地更新PLU4的位置信息，直到用户再次接入系统以请求结束搜索时为止。对于在蜂窝环境下的操作，PLU4监测蜂窝控制信道，并且每当它移入一个新的网孔覆盖区(例如图1中BTS24的覆盖区19)时就重新登记记录，以更新该位置信息。然而，本领域中的技术人员将会承认，在更新该系统信息时还可以使用各种其他方法，并且可以根据诸如操作系统结构和位置信息的时间临界状态等因素而采用适当的方法。这样就有可能按下述的这种方法更新该位置信息，即，再次发送一寻呼命令，强制PLU4重新登记记录；包括与启动命令在一起的，一个扩充协议命令，以命令PLU按照预定的时间间隔发送定位信号；或者甚至命示PLU4在一个专用信道上连续发送，以提供一个接近引导的信标。
除了使用网孔或分区位置信息之外，可以实施本发明的系统来提供更精确的位置信息。图3示出了一个这种实施方案；本领域的技术人员承认，根据PLU进行通信的特定的操作系统(例如蜂窝、PCS、中继无线电设备、建筑物内部等)可以使用其他的技术和解决方案。对在大网孔系统(例如在AMPS蜂窝电话系统)中对PLU定位，图3的实施例是特别有效的。在这种系统中，由于网孔可能拥有几平方英里的范围，因此在网孔中对PLU的定位不能提供足够的信息。对此可以有利地利用邻近的收发信机，例如图1中的BTS22和24。在一个适当的编程系统中，根据请求更精确的位置信息一个登记命令，可以通过BTS20的控制信道向PLU4传送，其中包括代表所需的附加信息的附加协议命令。响应一个这种命令，PLU4从BTS20和两个以上仅次于前者的最强信道(即来自BTS22和24的信道)上监测和发送接收到的关于控制信道信号的信号强度信息。各自相应的BTS的接收信号强度信息及其ID随后被发送给BSC30和VLR26，按照一种适当的算法和/或存储信息(例如先前的读数)适当地确定位置。可以理解，在一个具有适当结构的登记系统中，在每次登记中可以包括这种RSSI(接收信号强度指示)信息，而不是依赖单独的命令。
类似地，计时延迟和相位信息也可以使用以对PLU进行更精确的定位。这是通过向PLU4发送一个协议命令，用两个以上节点收发信机即BTS20，22和24进行登记，从而实现定位。如果按照计时顺序进行定位，PLU4就把从各个BTS接收到的每个登记命令(包括节点标识符)延迟预定的时间量，然后响应一个登记信号(或返回回声)。每个接收的BTS就会和接收到的MIN以及BTS的NIN一起发送关于传播时间的信息。然后，BSC30和VLR26就把接收到的计时传播信息和BTS的已知地理位置结合在一起进行处理，为PLU4确定一个三角形的精确地理位置。
例如在移动单元6处于PLU4附近但仍不能识别出其精确位置时，在一个移动单元还配备以作为一个跟踪器时，可以获得进一步精确的位置。在这种情况下，用户可以请求该系统命令PLU4来到一个专用的业务信道(TCH)。然后，BTS20分配一个有效的业务信道；在控制信道上通知PLU4；命令PLU4移到TCH上并按照短间隔发送。这就使该系统能频繁地更新PLU4的位置。精确的位置是通过测量附加的BTS天线上的上行链路TCH信号特性而获得的。同时，移动单元6也可以象PLU4那样定位并调谐到一个不同的TCH上。然后BSC30最好确定移动单元6相对于PLU4的位置，并且在下行链路方向移动单元6发送一个关于如何移动才能到达PLU4的位置的信号。
在本发明的又一实施例中，PLU4可以自动启动，无需等待来自用户的请求，图4示出了自动启动PLU的四种途径。第一，可以利用某种形式的边界检测器来判断何时携带PLU104的人未授权而外出。这特别适合在只有有限的几个出口、而任何经出口118外出的人都要经过检测器附近的建筑物中使用。这时，PLU104最好配备有低功率的传感器，用于响应检测器108连续发射的信号。如果PLU104未经过某种系统控制的核查就通过了检测器，或者是当一个携带有编码的电子钥匙114的人因没有通过检测器108而触发了警报或PLU启动指令时，边界检测器控制装置110就会通过网络114向PLU104的HLR116发送其MIN和识别未授权外出的协议。如果在HLR116中为PLU104设定的参数是在发生此类事件时启动PLU104，指令就被发送给一个本地天线112，向PLU104发出启动指令。检测器控制装置110在发生未经允许的外出时也可以在本地发出警报。
另一种可替的方案是，当PLU104移动到监视器106的预定范围之外时自动启动。在本实施例中，PLU104周期性地监测从监视器接收到的信号的强度。如果信号强度在预定时间长度中落到了预定的电平以下，就向监视器106发送警告信号。如果接收信号强度在一个更长的预定时间内仍低于预定的电平，PLU104就可以利用与登记信号有关的扩充协议按照程序用最近的网络节点自动地登记。接收到登记信号之后，就指示本地位置寄存器和BSC在VLR中保留PLUMIN和位置信息、并把启动信息发送给网络寄存器，识别PLU104的HLR116，其目的是使本地位置记录器识别HLR，并向HLR116发送启动和位置信息。
因PLU104的HLR116可以接收位置信息，无需请求启动，故HLR116和其本地控制器就会检索存储在HLR116中的PLU104的参数中关于发送这种信息的指令。例如HLR控制器(即C/WAP或BSC)可以由用户预置一个以上的自动拨号号码，从而向用户通知该事件以及其位置和时间。得到通知之后，用户可以用PIN接入位置特征，并且使用上述位置特征开始探测PLU104。然而，为了保护有限的系统资源，如果用户在预定时间内没有接收到响应，最好就使系统复位，并向PLU104发送一个停机指令。
PLU104还可以具备一种自动启动特征，根据其携带者未经允许的移动来启动PLU104。在这种情况下，PLU104可以装设有电子锁或是类似的伤害监视装置，从而使任何伤害或移动能自动地启动登记程序。登记信号中最好还包括一个扩充协议，用于识别PLU104的移动现象。在这种情况下，用户可以要求把PLU参数自动通知给应急人员(例如警察)，从而可以根据携带者(PLU104)的最后已知位置和HLR116处的参数中存储的其他识别信息(即对孩子的描述)立即进行搜索。
最后，PLU104还可装设操作输入(按纽105)，携带者可以用它主动地触发启动。这样就允许走失的孩子在其他人发觉其走失之前立即启动定位特征。如果孩子仍在设有楼内业务节点120的大楼中，这种启动方式特别有利；当节点120接收到包括用于识别事件的扩充协议的定位信号时，控制器110就立即通知大楼保安人员，在孩子被带出大楼之前就可以封锁所有的出口118。
尽管本发明是结合着上述特殊实施例加以描述的，熟悉本领域的人员显然可以根据这种提示实现很多种替代、修改和变更。尽管本发明是针对孩子走失或被诱拐的情况来描述的，它也可以用于对成年人，宠物以及各种物体(例如汽车、钱包、枪支、伐木工人等等)进行定位。另外，尽管用户被说成是用电话或无线终端接收位置信息，熟悉本领域的人将会认识到，可以使用能够接入网络的任何通信设备，例如数据终端，交互式电缆TV等等。因此，本发明的意图是要把所有这些替代，修改和变更都纳入权利要求书的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.在通信系统中对便携式定位装置(PLU)定位的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
a)接入通信系统，并且请求把PLU的位置传送给接收装置；
b)从通信系统向PLU传送一个信号；
c)从PLU传送一个包括PLU标识符的响应；
d)在通信系统的第一节点接收上述响应；
e)根据接收到的响应确定PLU的位置；以及
f)向接收装置提供PLU的位置。
2.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，传送信号的步骤还至少包括下述步骤之一，即从通信系统的第二节点传送信号，以及向PLU传送包括启动指令的寻呼信号。
3.按照权利要求1的方法，其特征在于，传送响应的步骤还包括对来自包括第一节点的通信系统中多个节点的控制信道传输进行测量，并且当第一节点的控制信道传输质量优于其他多个节点的控制信道传输质量时，就向第一节点传送上述响应。
4.按照权利要求3的方法，其特征在于，上述传送响应的步骤还包括传送关于第一节点和其它多个节点的至少两个节点的被测控制信道传输的信息。
5.在通信系统中对携带有便携定位装置(PLU)的物体进行定位的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
a)由PLU监测启动信号；
b)由PLU接收启动信号；
c)由PLU发送包括PLU标识符的定位信号；
d)在通信系统的一个节点接收定位信号，并把PLU标识符和节点标识符发送给定位处理器；
e)由定位处理器根据PLU标识符和节点标识符确定PLU的位置信息；
f)把PLU位置信息存储在位置存储器中；以及
g)向指定的接收人提供关于PLU位置的进一步信息。
6.按照权利要求5的方法，其特征在于，还包括以下步骤，即在PLU脱离上述物体时由PLU产生启动信号。
7.一种用于对便携定位装置(PLU)定位并且向用户通知其位置的通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
用于接入通信系统，并且请求向接收设备传送PLU位置的装置；
从通信系统向PLU传送信号的装置；
从PLU传送包括PLU标识符的一个响应的装置；
在通信系统的第一节点用于接收上述响应的装置；
用于根据接收到的响应确定PLU位置的装置；以及
向接收设备提供PLU位置的装置。
8.按照权利要求7的系统，其特征在于，上述信号传送装置可按下述方式之一操作，即a)从通信系统的第二节点传送一启动信号，b)向PLU传送一个包括启动指令的寻呼信号，或是c)从第一节点传送一个登记信号；
9.按照权利要求7的系统，其特征于在于，上述传送响应的装置可以测量通信系统中包括第一节点的多个节点的控制信道传输，并且当第一节点的控制信道传输质量优于其他多个节点的控制信息传输质量时，就向第一节点传送响应；在预定的延迟之后向第一节点传送响应，并且在相同的预定延迟之后向第二和第三节点控制信道传输传送第二和第三响应；并且其中的接收装置还用于接收第二和第三响应，而用于确定位置的装置还能够使用上述响应和第二及第三响应对PLU定位。
10.按照权利要求7的系统，其特征在于，用于提供位置的装置还可以对接收设备拨号，并且向接收设备发送位置信息。
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WO1995027219A1 (en) 1995-10-12
EP0706664A1 (en) 1996-04-17
CN1079537C (zh) 2002-02-20
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US5485163A (en) 1996-01-16
JPH08511408A (ja) 1996-11-26
KR960702621A (ko) 1996-04-27

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