CN1125978C - In-line detection method for vacuum level of discharge-type vacuum arc-quenching chamber - Google Patents
In-line detection method for vacuum level of discharge-type vacuum arc-quenching chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN1125978C CN1125978C CN 01109050 CN01109050A CN1125978C CN 1125978 C CN1125978 C CN 1125978C CN 01109050 CN01109050 CN 01109050 CN 01109050 A CN01109050 A CN 01109050A CN 1125978 C CN1125978 C CN 1125978C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the on-line detection and failure diagnosis technological field of a vacuum circuit breaker. The present invention is mainly characterized in that in a vacuum arc extinguishing chamber, a discharge gap formed by floating electric potential bodies is arranged at the position with certain electric field intensity; when the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is in the normal range of operating voltage and vacuum degree, the discharge gap does not carry out discharge; when the vacuum degree of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber is lowered to cause that the dielectric strength is lowered, the discharge gap carries out discharge; through detecting the discharge conditions of the discharge gap, the on-line detection of the vacuum degree of the vacuum arc extinguishing chamber can be carried out. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure and simple implementation, and can carry out the on-line detection.
Description
The present invention relates to online detection of vacuum circuit breaker and fault diagnosis technology field, particularly the online detection of the vacuum tightness of the vacuum interrupter of vacuum circuit breaker.
Vacuum circuit breaker is a kind of power switchgear, is widely used in departments such as electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry, mining, broadcast communication and large-scale hotel.At present, at home and abroad in the 10-35kV distribution network, the use of vacuum circuit breaker is the most extensive.The critical component of vacuum circuit breaker is a vacuum interrupter, and a vacuum circuit breaker has A, B, three vacuum interrupters of C three-phase.Vacuum interrupter relies on high vacuum, and (vacuum tightness is 10
-6About torr) realize good arc extinguishing and insulating property, finish cut-offfing of circuit.
Shown in Figure 1 is the structural principle synoptic diagram of two kinds of vacuum interrupters.Vacuum interrupter is made up of parts such as static contact 11, moving contact 12, static conductive rod 13, moving conductive rod 14, corrugated tube 15, radome 16, metal end 17 and insulation crusts 18.In Fig. 1 a, radome arbitrary end conducting rod of getting along well links to each other, and is a floating current potential body.In Fig. 1 b, radome links to each other with the conducting rod of an end, their equipotentials.Cut-offfing and closing closing operation of vacuum circuit breaker finished in the axially-movable of the indoor moving contact of vacuum extinction.
Vacuum interrupter should guarantee that vacuum tightness does not obviously descend in the back time more than 20 years of dispatching from the factory, and maybe can't cut-off the catastrophic failure of normal and fault current otherwise be in operation with insulation breakdown occurring.At present, in the actual motion of vacuum circuit breaker, the accident that is caused happens occasionally because the vacuum tightness of vacuum interrupter descends, and causes the serious consequence of device damage and power failure.
The against vacuum isolating switch, a kind of common method of check vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber is out of service vacuum circuit breaker, adds power frequency voltage with testing transformer on the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact gap then, the situation of observation contact gap withstand voltage.When the vacuum tightness of vacuum arc-chutes significantly descends, the voltage breakdown in contact gap will significantly reduce.Can judge the vacuum tightness situation of vacuum interrupter thus.This method requires out of service vacuum circuit breaker, can only carry out when overhaul of the equipments, can't carry out online detection.
The method that also has some other vacuum tightness to detect is at present cut-off method and magnetic charging method etc. as high-frequency discharge method, air-breathing embrane method, high-frequency current method, Tesla coil method, insulation resistance method, persistent current.Yet these methods can't solve the influence of checkout equipment to the normal operation of vacuum circuit breaker, also can't be used for online detection.
The time between overhauls(TBO) of vacuum circuit breaker is generally one to several years.In order in time to find fault, improve the safety operation level of vacuum circuit breaker and the reliability of power supply, the use department of vacuum circuit breaker and manufacturing plant have proposed exigence to the online measuring technique of vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber, and hope can detect the vacuum tightness of its vacuum interrupter in the vacuum circuit breaker operation.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of vacuum level of discharge-type vacuum arc-quenching chamber on-line detection method in order to overcome the deficiency that existing vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber detection technique can't be carried out online detection, this method has the simple and cheap advantage of realization.
The present invention proposes a kind of method of vacuum tightness of vacuum interrupter of online detection vacuum circuit breaker, it is characterized in that,, the discharging gap that is made of one or more floating current potential bodies is set in the indoor position of vacuum extinction with certain electric field intensity; When the vacuum arc-chutes were in the vacuum tightness of the working voltage of normal range and normal range, discharging gap did not discharge; And the vacuum tightness of working as the vacuum arc-chutes reduces, when causing dielectric strength to reduce, and the discharging gap discharge; By surveying the discharge scenario of discharging gap, the vacuum tightness of online detection vacuum interrupter.
The discharging gap that is made of floating current potential body of the present invention can be the gap that constitutes between floating current potential body and the high-voltage charged body, or the gap that constitutes between floating current potential body and the floating current potential body.
The indoor principle of design that discharging gap is set of vacuum extinction of the present invention is:
1, the situation of enumerating several discharging gaps shown in Figure 2.Be that floating current potential body 21 and static conductive rod 22 constitute a discharging gap shown in Fig. 2 a, static conductive rod is a high-voltage charged body; Be that floating current potential body 21 and radome 23 constitute a discharging gap shown in Fig. 2 b, radome also is floating current potential body; Be that floating current potential body 21 and radome 23 constitute a discharging gap shown in Fig. 2 c, this moment, radome linked to each other with static conductive rod, was high-voltage charged body.More than among each figure, insulating support 24 is used for supporting and fixing floating current potential body.
Discharging gap is arranged on the position of certain electric field intensity, to obtain the voltage of discharging gap.For given vacuum interrupter, can obtain Electric Field Distribution by numerical evaluation.Shown in Figure 2 is the position of some selectable discharging gaps.In Fig. 2 c, radome links to each other with static conductive rod, and fashionable when dynamic and static contact pass, radome internal electric field intensity is zero, so discharging gap is arranged on outside the radome.The contact gap of vacuum interrupter is great to its insulation and arc extinction performance influence.Can realize that vacuum tightness detects although discharging gap is set on dynamic and static contact, have a strong impact on the insulation and the arc extinction performance of vacuum interrupter, should avoid.
2, the design of floating current potential body and discharging gap shape should be tried one's best and be obtained the voltage of discharging gap effectively, and try one's best simultaneously influences indoor Electric Field Distribution of vacuum extinction and insulation littlely.The size of floating current potential body and discharging gap is more little, and is more little to the influence of the Electric Field Distribution of vacuum interrupter and insulation.The whole dimension of floating current potential body and discharging gap should be in several millimeters.
3, the distance of discharging gap need be coordinated mutually with the voltage on the discharging gap, make and do not discharging under the normal vacuum circuit breaker working voltage and under the normal vacuum level of vacuum arc-quenching chamber, and when the vacuum tightness of vacuum arc-chutes is reduced to a certain degree, can discharge, send the signal that vacuum tightness reduces.The distance of discharging gap should be in 1 millimeter.
4, discharging gap must exert an influence to vacuum interrupter original Electric Field Distribution and insulation, so the insulation of arc-chutes should redesign.
At given vacuum interrupter, the position of Electric Field Distribution, discharging gap, floating current potential body and the shape of discharging gap, the distance of discharging gap etc., need design by calculating and test, used calculating and experimental technique all are conventional and maturation, these designs are to realize easily, also are with conventional technological means easy to reach at the floating current potential body of the indoor installation of vacuum extinction.
Detection to discharge signal can have several different methods, for example; The space electromagnetic wave signal of sensing discharge generation, perhaps discharge pulse signal on sensing high-tension line, ground wire or the switch cubicle casing etc.Also can detect the light signal of discharge generation for the vacuum interrupter of glass shell.These methods all belong to routine techniques.Analog reslt shows: this discharge pulse signal intensity is bigger, and frequency range is very wide, all can detect with high-frequency electric field probe, high frequency magnetic field probe or small size antenna.The space electromagnetic wave signal that wherein detects discharge generation is a kind of simple but effective method.
Principle of work of the present invention
Floating current potential body in the power equipment both was meant and the high-voltage conductor insulation, again with the conductor of the electric potential floating of ground insulation.The current potential of floating current potential body depends on the Electric Field Distribution in the equipment of place, the shape and the residing position of floating current potential body.The shape and the position of the structure of given vacuum interrupter and floating current potential body by Electric Field Numerical Calculation, can obtain the current potential of Electric Field Distribution and floating current potential body.
Under the power-frequency voltage effect, all may appearance potential between floating current potential body and the high-pressure conductor, between floating current potential body and the ground, between floating current potential body and the floating current potential body poor.When the distance between them is enough little, when potential difference (PD) is enough big, can discharge between them.Often occur harmful shelf depreciation in the power equipment, one of reason is exactly to have floating current potential body.
Shown in Figure 3 is the test of a floating current potential body discharge, and floating current potential body 31 is garden shape copper sheets of 2 millimeters of diameters, constitutes a discharging gap between it and the high-voltage charged body 32.High-voltage charged body one side of discharging gap has a hemispherical projections, can increase internal field, helps increasing the voltage of discharging gap.The distance of discharging gap is 0.2 millimeter.The residing environment of discharging gap is respectively 1 atmospheric air, 0.1 atmospheric air and 5 atmospheric pressure sulfur hexafluoride gas.Under these various conditions, when the voltage of power frequency AC 33 is elevated to certain numerical value, all produce the discharge that continues in the discharging gap.Owing to the restriction of test condition, fail to test the situation of high vacuum.But this test shows that under the power-frequency voltage effect, the discharging gap that floating current potential body constitutes can produce lasting discharge.
The sparking voltage of discharging gap is subjected to the influence of vacuum tightness under the vacuum environment.Under the normal vacuum tightness of vacuum interrupter (about the 10-6 torr), breakdown field strength is very high, and when vacuum tightness drops to the 10-3 torr, breakdown field strength will begin significantly to descend.The setting of the indoor discharging gap of vacuum extinction makes that discharging gap has enough dielectric strengths, does not discharge when normal vacuum tightness, and when vacuum tightness significantly descended, the dielectric strength of discharging gap descended, and the discharge that continues will take place.Along with the difference of vacuum tightness decline degree, the feature of discharge is also with difference.By detecting the feature whether discharging gap discharges and discharge, vacuum tightness that can online detection vacuum interrupter.
Characteristics of the present invention and effect
The present invention is in an indoor discharging gap that is made of little floating current potential body, the floating current potential body generation of utilization shelf depreciation, the vacuum tightness of detection vacuum interrupter of being provided with of the vacuum extinction of vacuum circuit breaker.Its structure and realization are simple, can carry out online detection.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart synoptic diagram of two kinds of vacuum interrupters.
Fig. 2 is the indoor several embodiment that are made of discharging gap floating current potential body of vacuum extinction.
Fig. 3 is the test of floating current potential body discharge.
The discharging gap that is made of floating current potential body of the present invention can be the gap that constitutes between floating current potential body and the high-pressure conductor, or the gap that constitutes between floating current potential body and the floating current potential body.The constructive method embodiment of several discharging gaps of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows as shown in Figure 2:
In Fig. 2 a, radome 33 is floating potentials, and floating current potential body 21 and static conductive rod 22 constitute a discharging gap, and the insulating support made from pottery or glass material 24 is fixed on floating current potential body 21 on the static conductive rod 22.In static conductive rod one side of discharging gap is that the radius of a projection is the semisphere of 1 millimeter.Spherical protuberances can strengthen internal field, helps increasing the voltage of discharging gap.Spheric electrode makes that also the Electric Field Distribution of discharging gap is comparatively even, helps increasing the stability of discharge.Floating current potential body 21 is the garden sheet of diameter 3 millimeter.The distance of discharging gap needs to determine through overtesting, is not more than 1 millimeter.
In Fig. 2 b, radome 23 also is a floating potential, and floating current potential body 21 and radome 23 constitute a discharging gap, and the insulating support made from pottery or glass material 24 is fixed on floating current potential body 21 on the inwall of radome 23.In radome one side of discharging gap is that the radius of a projection is the semisphere of 1 millimeter.Floating current potential body 21 is the garden sheet of diameter 3 millimeter.The distance of discharging gap needs to determine through overtesting, is not more than 1 millimeter.
In Fig. 2 c, radome 23 and static conductive rod 22 equipotentials, outer wall and radome that floating current potential body 21 is arranged on radome 23 constitute a discharging gap, and the insulating support made from pottery or glass material 24 is fixed on floating current potential body 21 on the radome 23.In radome one side of discharging gap is that the radius of a projection is the semisphere of 1 millimeter.Floating current potential body 21 is the garden sheet of diameter 3 millimeter.The distance of discharging gap needs to determine through overtesting, is not more than 1 millimeter.
In above each embodiment, detecting instrument can be a space electromagnetic wave signal receiver, special reception, amplification, processing and the indoor pulse electromagnetic wave signal that discharge produced of identification vacuum extinction, in case detect discharge signal, then show the phenomenon that vacuum interrupter exists vacuum tightness to reduce from vacuum interrupter.Detecting instrument can be of portable form, and also can be a hard-wired on-line detecting system.A detecting instrument can detect many vacuum circuit breakers simultaneously.
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention has more than been described.Do not break away from spirit of the present invention, multiple variation that those skilled in the art make and replacement all should belong within the scope of claim of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of method of vacuum tightness of vacuum interrupter of online detection vacuum circuit breaker is characterized in that, in the indoor position with certain electric field intensity of vacuum extinction, the discharging gap that is made of one or more floating current potential bodies is set; When the vacuum arc-chutes were in the vacuum tightness of the working voltage of normal range and normal range, discharging gap did not discharge; And the vacuum tightness of working as the vacuum arc-chutes reduces, when causing dielectric strength to reduce, and the discharging gap discharge; By surveying the discharge scenario of discharging gap, the vacuum tightness of online detection vacuum interrupter; The described discharging gap that is made of floating current potential body is a kind of of the gap that constitutes between the gap that constitutes between the gap that constitutes between floating current potential body and the high-voltage charged body or floating current potential body and the floating current potential body or floating current potential body and the radome.
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| CN 01109050 CN1125978C (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | In-line detection method for vacuum level of discharge-type vacuum arc-quenching chamber |
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| CN 01109050 CN1125978C (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2001-02-28 | In-line detection method for vacuum level of discharge-type vacuum arc-quenching chamber |
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| CN1305097A CN1305097A (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| CN1125978C true CN1125978C (en) | 2003-10-29 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109298327A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-02-01 | 乾瑞电气有限公司 | A kind of vacuum circuit breaker digital monitoring method based on Internet of Things |
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| US7302854B2 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2007-12-04 | Jennings Technology | Method and apparatus for the detection of high pressure conditions in a vacuum-type electrical device |
| CN101995313A (en) * | 2010-09-26 | 2011-03-30 | 北京华电蜂鸟科技有限责任公司 | Vacuum degree on-line monitor of vacuum circuit breaker based on pulse discharge detection |
| CN103346039B (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2015-07-08 | 华北电力大学 | Method for electrically detecting vacuum degree of vacuum circuit breaker through breakdown of auxiliary electrode |
| CN104360163A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Contact resistor live-line measurement device capable of preventing fault arcs |
| CN104360162A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Live line measurement device for contact resistance of high voltage loop |
| CN104360132A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Contact resistance live line measurement device |
| CN104360161A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Contact resistance live line measurement device |
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| CN107796559B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2020-06-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Vacuum degree detection method of vacuum chamber |
| CN106855449B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2023-11-24 | 国家电网公司 | High-voltage vacuum circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber vacuum degree detection system based on magnetic control discharge theory |
| CN107765147B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2020-04-14 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Experimental device for discharge in many gaps |
| CN110491721B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2024-03-12 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Online monitoring device and method for vacuum degree of built-in contact type vacuum circuit breaker |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109298327A (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2019-02-01 | 乾瑞电气有限公司 | A kind of vacuum circuit breaker digital monitoring method based on Internet of Things |
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