CN107765147B - Experimental device for discharge in many gaps - Google Patents
Experimental device for discharge in many gaps Download PDFInfo
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- CN107765147B CN107765147B CN201710942473.7A CN201710942473A CN107765147B CN 107765147 B CN107765147 B CN 107765147B CN 201710942473 A CN201710942473 A CN 201710942473A CN 107765147 B CN107765147 B CN 107765147B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1281—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of liquids or gases
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Abstract
The utility model provides an experimental apparatus that many gaps were discharged, includes many air gap analog system, ultraviolet ray signal acquisition system and voltage current measurement system, many air gap analog system include along straight line interval arrangement's low voltage electrode, electric potential suspension conductor and high voltage electrode in proper order, test voltage between low voltage electrode and the high voltage electrode, ultraviolet ray signal acquisition system gathers the ultraviolet ray signal in the discharge gap that low voltage electrode, electric potential suspension conductor and high voltage electrode constitute, voltage current measurement system measures the current signal to ground voltage and high voltage electrode and low voltage electrode of low voltage electrode, electric potential suspension conductor and high voltage electrode. The invention analyzes and compares the optical signal generated by the multi-air-gap simulation system and the potential and the current of each electrode, judges the breakdown voltage level of multi-gap discharge and the energy change condition in the discharge process, and can provide technical support for the research of multi-air-gap discharge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-gap discharge experiment measurement system for researching air gap discharge characteristics, and belongs to the technical field of testing.
Background
The research on air gap discharge can provide a theoretical basis for the design of the insulation gaps of the power transmission line and the electrical equipment, and has important theoretical and application values. In practical engineering, a combined air gap consisting of a plurality of discharge gaps often appears, for example, the combined air gap consisting of a wire, an operator and an iron tower when a power transmission line works in a hot line; when bird droppings flashover occurs, a combined air gap formed by the cross arm, the bird droppings and the conducting wire in the dropping process of the bird droppings, insulator string flashover, linear metal particle discharge in GIS/GIL and the like can be abstracted into a combined air gap containing a potential suspension conductor, so that the method has important theoretical significance and practical value for the research of multi-gap discharge.
Currently, most of research measurement devices for air gap discharge characteristics are based on independent typical air gaps, such as: rod-plate air gaps, rod-rod air gaps, and the like. However, the multi-gap discharge in practical engineering has complexity and specificity compared with the single-gap discharge, and due to the existence of potential suspension in the multi-air-gap discharge process, many unpredictable influences can be generated on the development process of discharge, a discharge path and the breakdown voltage of an air gap, and the traditional single-gap discharge measurement research device cannot meet the research requirements, so that it is necessary to develop and design a set of multi-gap discharge experimental device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental device for multi-gap discharge aiming at the defects of the prior art, and provides technical support for the research of multi-air-gap discharge in practical engineering.
The problem of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an experimental apparatus that many gaps were discharged, includes many air gap analog system, ultraviolet ray signal acquisition system and voltage current measurement system in the constitution, many air gap analog system include along horizontal straight line interval arrangement's low voltage electrode, electric potential suspension conductor and high voltage electrode in proper order, test voltage between low voltage electrode and the high voltage electrode, ultraviolet ray signal acquisition system gathers the ultraviolet ray signal in the discharge gap that low voltage electrode, electric potential suspension conductor and high voltage electrode constitute, voltage current measurement system measures the current signal to ground voltage and high voltage electrode and low voltage electrode of low voltage electrode, electric potential suspension conductor and high voltage electrode.
According to the experimental device for multi-gap discharge, the ultraviolet light signal acquisition system comprises a plurality of light transmission modules, a data acquisition card, an oscilloscope and an upper computer, wherein the light transmission modules are arranged on a horizontal guide rail on one side of the multi-air-gap simulation system, one side of each light transmission module, which faces the multi-air-gap simulation system, is provided with a vertical light transmission slit corresponding to an air gap between a low-voltage electrode and a potential suspension conductor or between the potential suspension conductor and a high-voltage electrode, the other side of each light transmission module is provided with an optical fiber opposite to the light transmission slits, optical signals output by the optical fibers are converted into electric signals through a photomultiplier and then are sent into the input end of the data acquisition card, and the output end of the.
The voltage and current measuring system comprises three groups of voltage dividing resistors and a voltage/current measuring device, the three groups of voltage dividing resistors are respectively connected with the voltages to earth of the low-voltage electrode, the potential suspension conductor and the high-voltage electrode, output signals of the group of voltage dividing resistors corresponding to the potential suspension conductor are connected with the voltage/current measuring device, and output ends of the other two groups of voltage dividing resistors are connected with the voltage/current measuring device through a voltage transformer and a current transformer.
According to the experimental device for multi-gap discharge, the lower part of the potential suspension conductor is provided with the insulating support, the width of the insulating support is smaller than that of the potential suspension conductor, a group of voltage dividing resistors corresponding to the potential suspension conductor are arranged in the insulating support, the upper resistors of the group of voltage dividing resistors are connected with the potential suspension conductor through the metal contact block, and the lower resistors of the group of voltage dividing resistors are connected with the ground wire.
In the experimental device for multi-gap discharge, the low-voltage electrode and the high-voltage electrode are supported by the insulating support, and the height of the insulating support is 1.5 m.
In the experimental device for multi-gap discharge, the light transmission seam of the light transmission module is triangular, and the light inlet end of the optical fiber connected with the light transmission module is located at the vertex of the triangle.
According to the experimental device for multi-gap discharge, the inner wall of the light-transmitting seam is coated with the light-absorbing material.
According to the experimental device for multi-gap discharge, the distance between the light transmission seams of two adjacent light transmission modules in the same discharge gap formed by the low-voltage electrode, the potential suspension conductor and the high-voltage electrode is not less than 1 cm.
The invention utilizes a multi-air-gap simulation system to simulate the combined air gap frequently occurring in practical engineering, and analyzes and compares optical signals generated by multi-gap discharge and the potential and current of each electrode to judge the breakdown voltage level of the multi-gap discharge and the energy change condition in the discharge process, thereby providing technical support for the research of the multi-air-gap discharge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multiple air gap simulation system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a UV light signal acquisition system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the light transmission module;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the light transmission module structure and signal detection, wherein fig. 4(b) is a left side view of fig. 4 (a);
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage current measurement system.
The list of labels in the figure is: 1. the device comprises a low-voltage electrode, 2, a potential suspension conductor, 3, a high-voltage electrode, 4, an insulating rope, 5, an insulating support, 6, a light transmission module, 7, an optical fiber, 8, a photomultiplier, 9, a data acquisition card, 10, an upper computer, 11, an oscilloscope, 12, a guide rail, 13, a light transmission gap, 14, an optical fiber mounting hole, 15, a flow injection channel, 16, a detection area, 17, an insulating support, 18, a metal contact block, 19, a divider resistor, 20, a voltage/current measuring device, 21, a protective resistor, 22, a voltage transformer, 23 and a current transformer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Aiming at the defects of the existing air gap discharge research device, the invention designs a multi-gap discharge experiment measurement system, which utilizes a light transmission module and a solar blind type photomultiplier to detect optical signals generated by development of corona and streamer of multi-gap discharge, and simultaneously uses a high-speed data acquisition card to ensure the real-time performance and the accuracy of data. In addition, the invention designs a potential measurement scheme of the suspension body, and the whole set of device can simultaneously acquire, analyze and compare voltage and current signals of the high-voltage electrode, the potential suspension conductor and the low-voltage electrode. The multi-gap discharge measurement system designed based on the principle has important significance for researching air breakdown under the condition of complex gaps.
The invention is composed of a multi-air-gap simulation system, an ultraviolet light signal acquisition system and a voltage and current measurement system, and the structure of each part is as follows:
1. multi-air-gap simulation system
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multiple air gap simulation system. In the experiment, the high-voltage electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 1 are arranged on an insulating support 5 which is about 1.5 meters away from the ground, and the potential suspension conductor 2 is arranged between the high-voltage electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 1 by using an insulating support 17 (or an insulating rope 4) so that the axes of the potential suspension conductor and the high-voltage electrode 3 are positioned on the same straight line with the low-voltage electrode 1. The gap formed by the high voltage electrode 3 and the low voltage electrode 1 is divided into two sub-gaps by the potential floating conductor 2.
The high-voltage electrode 3, the low-voltage electrode 1 and the potential suspension conductor 2 in the multi-air-gap simulation system can be suspended by the insulating rope 4 and supported by the insulating support 17 according to actual conditions and experimental requirements, and the possibility of flashover along the surface during gap breakdown is considered to be eliminated when the insulating support 17 is used for supporting. The air gap between the electrodes can be divided into a plurality of sub-gaps according to requirements, and the sub-gaps are used for researching the complex multi-gap discharge condition in the practical engineering. In addition, the high-voltage electrode 3, the low-voltage electrode 1 and the potential suspension conductor 2 can be processed into different shapes and volumes according to the needs, and the high-voltage electrode, the low-voltage electrode and the potential suspension conductor are used for simulating electrodes and potential suspension conductors with different shapes in practical engineering.
2. Ultraviolet light signal acquisition system
The invention judges the development process of multi-gap discharge by using an ultraviolet light signal generated by corona/streamer discharge during air gap discharge. The ultraviolet light signal acquisition system mainly comprises a light transmission module 6, an optical fiber 7, a photomultiplier 8, a data acquisition card 9, an upper computer 10 and an oscilloscope 11. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultraviolet light signal acquisition system. Ultraviolet light signals generated by air gap discharge are collected through a light transmission module 6, the signals are transmitted to a photomultiplier tube 8 through an optical fiber 7, are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion through a data acquisition card 9, are displayed through an oscilloscope 11, and are analyzed and compared through an upper computer 10.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the light transmission module 6, the structure of the light transmission module 6 is as shown in fig. 4, the inner wall of the light transmission slit 13 is coated with a light-absorbing material, the light transmission module 6 is installed on a specific guide rail 12, the position of the detection area can be moved at any time according to the gap width and the measurement requirement, and the number of the light transmission modules 6 is increased or decreased.
When the stream has progressed to the detection zone, only light normally incident on this zone can be received by the optical fibre 7 through the light-transmitting slit 13 and passed to the photomultiplier tube 8. Light outside the detection region cannot pass through the light-transmitting slit 13, or a small amount of light entering the light-transmitting slit 13 from the side is absorbed by the material coated on the inner wall of the light-transmitting slit 13, and the position of the optical fiber is difficult to reach and cannot be detected. The light transmission module 6 has a high interference resistance, which further increases the measurement accuracy of the system. The development process and the development sequence of the multi-gap discharge can be judged by comparing the light signals detected by the photomultiplier tubes 8 at different positions, and meanwhile, the development speed of the corona/streamer can be obtained according to the time when the photomultiplier tubes 8 at different positions detect the discharge signals.
The literature data shows that the velocity of the stream is about 1 x 108cm/s, assuming a minimum sub-gap width of 1cm, the time difference between the detection of the signal by two adjacent photomultiplier tubes 8 is about 10 during the flow from the high voltage electrode 3 to the low voltage electrode 1-8s, the frequency of the signal acquisition device is required to be at least more than 200MHz (about 1000MHz is estimated to meet the condition), and if the sub-gap width is 10cm, the time difference between the two signals is 10cm-7s, sampling frequency 100MHz, can satisfy the condition. If a data acquisition card with the maximum frequency of 500MHz is selected, the distance between two detection areas is recommended to be larger than 1cm in order to ensure the accuracy of a detection result. 3. Voltage and current measuring system
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a voltage current measurement system of a multiple air gap simulation system. The potential suspension conductor 2 is supported by an insulating support 17, a metal contact block 18 is arranged at the contact part of the insulating support 17 and the potential suspension conductor 2, a voltage dividing resistor 19 is arranged in the insulating support 17, and the voltage dividing resistor 19 is connected with an external voltage/current measuring device 20 and used for measuring the potential change of the potential suspension conductor 2 in the boosting and discharging processes. The width of the insulating support 17 is smaller than the length of the potential suspension conductor 2, so as to avoid the breakdown caused by the flashover along the surface.
A divider resistor, a voltage transformer 22 and a current transformer 23 are respectively arranged on the high-voltage electrode 3 and the low-voltage electrode 1 and are used for measuring voltage and current in the process of boosting and air gap breakdown. The design can synchronously measure the voltage and the current of different positions of the air gap, judge the breakdown voltage level of multi-gap discharge and the energy change condition of the discharge process by comparing the voltage and the current conditions of different positions, and has important significance for theoretical research and practical engineering.
Claims (5)
1. The experimental device for multi-gap discharge is characterized by comprising a multi-air-gap simulation system, an ultraviolet light signal acquisition system and a voltage and current measurement system, wherein the multi-air-gap simulation system comprises a low-voltage electrode (1), a potential suspension conductor (2) and a high-voltage electrode (3) which are sequentially arranged at intervals along a horizontal straight line, a test voltage is connected between the low-voltage electrode (1) and the high-voltage electrode (3), the ultraviolet light signal acquisition system acquires ultraviolet light signals in a discharge gap formed by the low-voltage electrode (1), the potential suspension conductor (2) and the high-voltage electrode (3), and the voltage and current measurement system measures the voltage to ground of the low-voltage electrode (1), the potential suspension conductor (2) and the high-voltage electrode (3) and current signals of the high-voltage electrode (3) and the low-voltage electrode (1;
the ultraviolet light signal acquisition system comprises a plurality of light transmission modules (6), a data acquisition card (9), an oscilloscope (11) and an upper computer (10), wherein the light transmission modules (6) are arranged, each light transmission module (6) is arranged on a horizontal guide rail (12) on one side of the multi-air-gap simulation system, one side, facing the multi-air-gap simulation system, of each light transmission module (6) is provided with a vertical light transmission gap (13), and the other side of each light transmission module is provided with an optical fiber opposite to the light transmission gap; the vertical light-transmitting seam (13) corresponds to an air gap between the low-voltage electrode (1) and the potential suspension conductor (2) or corresponds to an air gap between the potential suspension conductor (2) and the high-voltage electrode (3); the optical signal output by the optical fiber (7) is converted into an electrical signal by a photomultiplier (8) and then is sent to the input end of a data acquisition card (9), and the output end of the data acquisition card (9) is connected with an oscilloscope (11) and an upper computer (10);
the shape of a light-transmitting seam (13) of the light-transmitting module (6) is triangular, and the light inlet end of an optical fiber (7) connected with the light-transmitting module (6) is positioned at the vertex of the triangle;
the inner wall of the light-transmitting seam (13) is coated with a light-absorbing material;
when the stream develops to the detection area, only the light vertically incident to the detection area can be received by the optical fiber (7) through the light-transmitting slit (13) and transmitted to the photomultiplier (8); light outside the detection region cannot pass through the light-transmitting slit (13), or a small amount of light enters the light-transmitting slit (13) from the side, and is absorbed by the material coated on the inner wall of the light-transmitting slit (13), so that the position of the optical fiber is difficult to reach and cannot be detected.
2. The experimental apparatus for multi-gap discharge according to claim 1, wherein the voltage/current measuring system comprises three groups of voltage dividing resistors (19) and a voltage/current measuring apparatus (20), the three groups of voltage dividing resistors (19) are respectively connected to the voltages to ground of the low voltage electrode (1), the potential suspension conductor (2) and the high voltage electrode (3), the output signals of one group of voltage dividing resistors (19) corresponding to the potential suspension conductor (2) are connected to the voltage/current measuring apparatus (20), and the output terminals of the other two groups of voltage dividing resistors (19) are connected to the voltage/current measuring apparatus (20) through a voltage transformer (22) and a current transformer (23).
3. The experimental device for the multi-gap discharge according to claim 2, wherein an insulating support (17) is arranged at the lower part of the potential suspension conductor (2), the width of the insulating support (17) is smaller than that of the potential suspension conductor (2), a group of voltage dividing resistors (19) corresponding to the potential suspension conductor (2) are arranged in the insulating support (17), the upper resistors of the voltage dividing resistors (19) are connected with the potential suspension conductor (2) through metal contact blocks (18), and the lower resistors are connected with the ground wire.
4. A multi-gap discharge experimental apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said low voltage electrode (1) and said high voltage electrode (3) are supported by an insulating support (5), and the height of said insulating support (5) is 1.5 m.
5. The experimental device for multi-gap discharge according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the light transmission slits (13) of two adjacent light transmission modules (6) in the same discharge gap formed by the low voltage electrode (1), the potential suspension conductor (2) and the high voltage electrode (3) is not less than 1 cm.
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| CN108414902A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-17 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of method and device for detecting minim gap gas breakdown characteristic |
| CN108872804B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-09-29 | 海南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Device for detecting solid insulation discharge |
| CN110929434B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2022-04-15 | 武汉大学 | Simulation calculation method for development process of combined gap impulse discharge |
| CN110940899B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2022-04-01 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Air gap discharge shooting device, path identification method, computer and medium |
| CN113325284A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-08-31 | 国网内蒙古东部电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Gas-solid combined insulation breakdown characteristic test device |
| CN114167230A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-11 | 武汉大学 | Long air gap discharge test platform containing suspension conductor and method |
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