CN112595902B - Array antenna system fault diagnosis method and device - Google Patents

Array antenna system fault diagnosis method and device Download PDF

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CN112595902B
CN112595902B CN202011556274.0A CN202011556274A CN112595902B CN 112595902 B CN112595902 B CN 112595902B CN 202011556274 A CN202011556274 A CN 202011556274A CN 112595902 B CN112595902 B CN 112595902B
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孙锐
陈力
卫国
张文逸
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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Abstract

According to the array antenna system to be diagnosed (the uniform linear array or the uniform planar array), a fault diagnosis method corresponding to an array configuration is determined according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed (the uniform linear array or the uniform planar array) through sampling and processing of airspace wireless signals of the array antenna system to be diagnosed (uniform linear array sampling signals or uniform planar array sampling signals); taking the airspace wireless signal as input, operating a fault diagnosis method to obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element; and obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element. According to the method, the airspace wireless signals of the array antenna system to be diagnosed are sampled and processed, fault diagnosis can be carried out under the condition of no reference signals, fault devices in the array antenna system can be detected and positioned, and compared with a traditional array antenna system diagnosis method, the method can reduce the complexity and hardware overhead of fault diagnosis.

Description

Array antenna system fault diagnosis method and device
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for diagnosing a fault of an array antenna system, which can perform fault diagnosis without a reference signal.
Background
In current and future wireless communication systems, array antennas are one of the key technologies. In recent years, array antenna system fault diagnosis methods are widely researched, and currently proposed array antenna system fault diagnosis methods need to rely on accurate reference signals, the reference signals can be obtained by deploying reference signal emission sources at specific positions in a microwave darkroom and calculating according to space coordinates, and the wireless environment can be accurately controlled in the microwave darkroom so as to ensure the accuracy of the reference signals. However, such a reference signal generation method is not suitable for online diagnostics in outdoor scenarios.
Therefore, in the case of not depending on an accurate reference signal, how to detect and locate a faulty antenna element in the array antenna system is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a device for diagnosing faults of an array antenna system, which can realize the detection and the positioning of faulty antenna array elements in the array antenna system under the condition of not depending on accurate reference signals.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
an array antenna system fault diagnosis method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a spatial domain wireless signal of an array antenna system to be diagnosed to obtain a signal Y or Y, wherein Y is a uniform linear array sampling signal, and Y is a uniform planar array sampling signal;
determining a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array;
taking the airspace wireless signal as input, and operating the fault diagnosis method to obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element;
and obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the airspace wireless signal is used as an input, the fault diagnosis method is operated, and a fault response coefficient of an antenna array element is obtained, specifically:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure BDA0002858870250000021
taking the value of the G-th discrete angle, wherein d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, G (cN) is the number of the discrete angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements;
according to formula Aγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0002858870250000022
is gammagA corresponding steering vector;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000023
Calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000024
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000025
Wherein | · | purple sweet1Represents l1Norm, | · | luminance2Is represented by2Norm, δ, is the noise level.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the airspace wireless signal is used as an input, the fault diagnosis method is operated, and a fault response coefficient of an antenna array element is obtained, specifically:
taking the space domain wireless signal as input according to a formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000026
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000027
Wherein | · | purple*Representing the nuclear norm, and λ is the regularization parameter.
Preferably, the obtaining an index of the faulty antenna array element of the to-be-diagnosed array antenna system according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element specifically includes:
according to the formula | fnDetermining antenna array element indexes meeting conditions, wherein the antenna array element indexes meeting the conditions are used as the indexes of the fault antenna array elements of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, and f is greater than thnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
An array antenna system fault diagnosis apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a third processing unit, wherein the first processing unit is used for acquiring a spatial domain wireless signal of an array antenna system to be diagnosed to obtain a signal Y or Y, wherein Y is a uniform linear array sampling signal, and Y is a uniform planar array sampling signal;
the second processing unit is used for determining a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array;
the third processing unit is used for taking the airspace wireless signals as input and operating the fault diagnosis method to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element;
and the fourth processing unit is used for obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the third processing unit is specifically configured to:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure BDA0002858870250000031
taking the value of the G-th discrete angle, wherein d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, G (cN) is the number of the discrete angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements;
according to formula Aγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0002858870250000032
is gammagA corresponding steering vector;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000033
Calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000034
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000035
Wherein | · | charging1Is represented by1Norm, | \ | circumflecting2Represents l2Norm, δ is the noise level.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the third processing unit is specifically configured to:
taking the space domain wireless signal as an input according to a formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000041
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000042
Wherein | · | purple*Representing the nuclear norm, and λ is the regularization parameter.
Preferably, the fourth processing unit is specifically configured to:
according to the formula | fnDetermining antenna array element indexes meeting conditions, wherein the antenna array element indexes meeting the conditions are used as the indexes of the fault antenna array elements of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, and f is greater than thnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
A storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein a device on which the storage medium is located is controlled to perform the array antenna system fault diagnosis method as described above when the program is run.
An electronic device comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory, bus connected with the processor; the processor and the memory are communicated with each other through the bus; the processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory to perform the array antenna system fault diagnosis method as described above.
According to the array antenna system to be diagnosed (the uniform linear array or the uniform planar array), a fault diagnosis method corresponding to an array configuration is determined according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed (the uniform linear array or the uniform planar array) through sampling and processing of airspace wireless signals of the array antenna system to be diagnosed (uniform linear array sampling signals or uniform planar array sampling signals); taking the airspace wireless signal as input, and operating a fault diagnosis method to obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element; and obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element. By sampling and processing the airspace wireless signals of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, fault diagnosis can be carried out under the condition of no reference signal, and fault devices in the array antenna system can be detected and positioned.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for diagnosing a fault of an array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a diagnosis result of a uniform linear array of the array antenna system diagnosis method provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a diagnosis result of a uniform planar array of the array antenna system diagnosis method according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a probability of success in diagnosis of the array antenna system diagnosis method according to the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault diagnosis device for an array antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The applicant has found that as the demands on system throughput increase, the number of devices in an array antenna system increases dramatically, and the system architecture becomes increasingly complex. However, the reliability problem of the array antenna system is also increasingly prominent as the system scale increases. For example, a plurality of antenna elements integrated on a single substrate are easily affected by external environmental factors (such as sand, dust, water, etc.) to generate shielding coverage, which results in a reduction in the power of transmitted/received signals, and in addition, the lower thermal efficiency and higher operating frequency of some millimeter wave frequency band devices directly result in low reliability of the devices themselves. In addition, the hybrid cross-connect structure adopted in some novel array antenna system architectures (such as hybrid beamforming systems) further increases the system complexity, and also leads to high correlation between devices, so that the influence of a faulty device is easily spread to the whole system, when a faulty device exists in the system, a series of problems such as reduction of received signal power and distortion of an antenna pattern are caused, and finally, the system performance is greatly reduced. Therefore, a diagnostic method for the detection and location of faulty devices is an indispensable part of the maintenance work of the array antenna system.
However, the currently proposed array antenna system fault diagnosis method needs to rely on an accurate reference signal, which can be calculated by deploying a reference signal emission source at a specific position in a microwave anechoic chamber, and according to spatial coordinates, and the wireless environment can be accurately controlled in the microwave anechoic chamber to ensure the accuracy of the reference signal. For outdoor wireless environment, the outdoor wireless environment cannot be precisely controlled like a microwave darkroom, and can be influenced by various fading factors such as multipath scattering and the like, so that the reference signal cannot be reliably calculated according to space coordinates; in addition, limited to outdoor online diagnosis scenarios, deployment of reference signal transmission sources may also be extremely difficult, and thus, the method of generating reference signals by controlling wireless environment is not suitable for online diagnosis in outdoor scenarios.
Therefore, the application provides a method and a device for diagnosing the faults of the array antenna system,
the invention of this application aims at: under the condition of not depending on an accurate reference signal, the detection and the positioning of a fault antenna array element in the array antenna system are realized.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a method for diagnosing a fault of an array antenna system is provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for diagnosing a fault of an array antenna system, where the method specifically includes the following steps:
s11: and acquiring a space domain wireless signal of the array antenna system to be diagnosed to obtain a uniform linear array sampling signal or a uniform planar array sampling signal.
Wherein the uniform linear array sampling signal is denoted as Y and the uniform planar array sampling signal is denoted as Y.
S12: and determining a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array.
S13: and taking the airspace wireless signal as input, and operating the fault diagnosis method to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element.
In the embodiments of the present application, the diagnosis of the uniform linear array and the uniform planar array is described as an example.
In the embodiment of the application, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the airspace wireless signal is used as input, the fault diagnosis method is operated, and the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element is obtained, specifically:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure BDA0002858870250000071
and d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, the G is the number of discretization angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements.
According to formula Aγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0002858870250000072
is gammagA corresponding steering vector.
According to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000073
And calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B.
According to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000074
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000075
Wherein | · | purple sweet1Is represented by1Norm, | \ | circumflecting2Represents l2Norm, δ, is the noise level.
Specifically, for a uniform linear array:
first, one can combine [ - π/2, π/2]Discretizing the continuous angular domain to obtain a discretized angle set gamma-gamma containing G-cN discrete angle values1,γ2,...,γG]In which
Figure BDA0002858870250000076
Is the value of the g-th discrete angle, and d is the antennaThe pitch of the elements with respect to wavelength, G ═ cN, the number of discretized angles, c, the oversampling factor, and N, the number of antenna elements, are defined, in particular, 2r ═ sin (γ) is definedg+1-γg) G-1 is the step size, and r is the step size.
Now assume that there are K signal incident arrays, since the actual incident signal angle is [ - π/2, π/2]Values are taken continuously in the interval, so that k is ═ k1,κ2,...,κG]A true, but unknown, discretized angle grid is defined, in which G ═ cN discretized angle values are likewise included. The received signal can be written in the form:
Figure BDA0002858870250000081
wherein x isgIs the gain of the incident signal corresponding to the g-th lattice point,
Figure BDA0002858870250000082
is κgA corresponding steering vector; a. theκ＝[a(κ1)，...，a(κG)]Is a true observation matrix; x ═ x1,...,xG]Is the gain of the incident signal.
From the first order Taylor expansion, the following holds:
y′＝Aκx≈(Aγ+B diag(β))x
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002858870250000083
is a calibration matrix; β ═ sin (κ) -sin (γ), due to | sin (κ)i)-si(nγi) R is not more than 1i and G is not more than 1i, and the value range of each element in beta is [ -r, r [ -r [ ]]。
When there is a faulty antenna element and observation noise in the system, the observed signal can be written as follows:
y＝(Aγ+B diag(β))x+f+w
wherein f is a fault response coefficient, the fault response coefficient of a perfect antenna array element is 0, and the fault response coefficient of a fault antenna array element is not 0; w is the observation noise.
Note that: the number of incident signals is much smaller than the total number N of antenna elements, so x is a sparse signal (the sparsity is K); since the number of faulty elements is typically much lower than the total number of antenna elements in the system, f is also a sparse signal. And from the formula y ═ aγ+ B diag (β)) x + f + w it can be seen that signal x and signal f are in the dictionary (A) respectivelyγ+ B diag (β)) and the unit matrix exhibit sparse characteristics. Thus, the signal x and the signal f can be obtained by solving the following optimization problem:
Figure BDA0002858870250000084
wherein s.t. denotes "subject to", i.e. "subject to", which is an abbreviation commonly used in mathematics, | · | calucity1Represents l1Norm, | \ | circumflecting2Represents l2Norm, δ is the noise level; signal
Figure BDA0002858870250000085
The non-zero element in the antenna array marks the index and the fault response coefficient of the fault antenna array element;
Figure BDA0002858870250000086
the method for diagnosing the spatial domain wireless signals is used for estimating the corresponding variables, and meanwhile, the diagnosis can be completed by directly sampling the spatial domain wireless signals without special reference signals.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a diagnosis result of a uniform linear array of the array antenna system diagnosis method according to the embodiment of the present application. The number of array elements of the array antenna is 64, and the indexes of the array elements of the fault antenna are 32 and 50; the number of incident signals is 4, the gains of the incident signals are subjected to independent and same unit complex Gaussian distribution, and the arrival angles are subjected to uniform distribution in the range of [ -pi/2, pi/2 ]; the signal to noise power ratio is 30 db. Graph (a) shows the received signal strength of each array element of the array, and graph (b) shows the fault response coefficient of each array element. It can be seen from fig. 2 that the faulty array element cannot be determined without the reference signal, and the diagnosis method provided by the present invention can successfully determine the location of the faulty array element and find the fault response coefficient.
In this embodiment of the application, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the airspace wireless signal is used as an input to operate the fault diagnosis method, so as to obtain a fault response coefficient of an antenna array element, specifically:
taking the space domain wireless signal as an input according to a formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000091
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000092
Wherein | · | charging*Representing the nuclear norm, and λ is the regularization parameter.
Specifically, for a uniform planar array:
for a uniform planar array, the signal received by the array can be represented as follows:
Figure BDA0002858870250000093
wherein alpha iskRepresents the gain of the kth incident signal, K being the number of incident signals; h and W are the number of array elements in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction respectively;
Figure BDA0002858870250000094
and
Figure BDA0002858870250000095
respectively a vertical direction and a horizontal direction; theta.theta.kAnd phikThe horizontal and vertical arrival angles of the kth incident signal, respectively; d is the array element spacing relative to wavelength.
When there is a faulty antenna element and observation noise in the system, the observed signal can be written as follows:
Y＝Y′+F+W
f is a fault response coefficient, the fault response coefficient of a perfect antenna array element is 0, and the fault response coefficient of a fault antenna array element is not 0; w is the observation noise.
Note that: the number of incident signals is much less than min (H, W), so Y' is a low rank matrix (rank K); since the number of failed elements is generally much lower than the total number of antenna elements in the system, F is a sparse matrix. Therefore, the following optimization problem can be solved by using sparse and low-rank matrix decomposition algorithm to obtain F:
Figure BDA0002858870250000101
wherein | · | purple sweet*Representing a nuclear norm, λ being a regularization parameter; signal
Figure BDA0002858870250000102
The non-zero elements in (a) mark the index of the faulty array element and the fault response coefficient. Meanwhile, the diagnosis method provided by the embodiment of the application can finish diagnosis by directly sampling the airspace wireless signals without special reference signals.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram is shown of a diagnosis result of a uniform planar array of the array antenna system diagnosis method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The number of array elements of the array antenna is 4096, and the indexes of the array elements of the fault antenna are (16, 62), (14, 35), (29, 15), (51, 36), (47, 11); the number of incident signals is 4, the gains of the incident signals are subjected to independent and same unit complex Gaussian distribution, and the arrival angles are subjected to uniform distribution in the range of [ -pi/2, pi/2 ]; the signal to noise ratio is 30 db. Graph (a) shows the received signal strength of each array element of the array, and graph (b) shows the fault response coefficient of each array element. As can be seen from fig. 3, the faulty array element cannot be determined without the reference signal, and the diagnosis method provided by the present invention can successfully determine the location of the faulty array element and determine the fault response coefficient.
S14: and obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element.
In this embodiment of the present application, the obtaining of the index of the faulty antenna array element of the to-be-diagnosed array antenna system according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element specifically may be:
according to the formula | fnDetermining antenna array element indexes meeting conditions, wherein the antenna array element indexes meeting the conditions are used as the indexes of the fault antenna array elements of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, and f is greater than thnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a probability of diagnosis success of the array antenna system diagnosis method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Fig. 4 is an indicator of the probability of success of diagnosis. A higher probability of success indicates a better diagnosis. Different numbers of faulty array elements are set to 1, 2, 3 (fig. (a), uniform linear array) and 1, 5, 10 (fig. (b), uniform planar array). The three curves of fig. 3(a) are distinguished by nodes each having a curve of a circle "●", a cross symbol "x", and an open circle "o", and the three curves of fig. 3(b) are similarly distinguished by nodes each having a curve of a circle "●", a cross symbol "x", and an open circle "o". The success probability gradually increases as the signal-to-noise power ratio increases. In addition, as the number of the fault array elements increases, the success probability of the same signal-to-noise power ratio is gradually reduced.
According to the array antenna system fault diagnosis method provided by the embodiment of the application, a fault diagnosis method corresponding to an array configuration is determined according to the array configuration (a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array) of an array antenna system to be diagnosed by sampling and processing a spatial radio signal (a uniform linear array sampling signal or a uniform planar array sampling signal) of the array antenna system to be diagnosed; taking the airspace wireless signal as input, operating a fault diagnosis method to obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element; and obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element. According to the embodiment of the application, through sampling and processing of the airspace wireless signals of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, fault diagnosis can be carried out under the condition of no reference signal, fault devices in the array antenna system can be detected and positioned, and compared with a traditional array antenna system diagnosis method, the complexity and hardware overhead of fault diagnosis can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, based on the method for diagnosing a fault of an array antenna system disclosed in the foregoing embodiment, the present embodiment correspondingly discloses a device for diagnosing a fault of an array antenna system, and specifically, the device includes:
the first processing unit 51 is configured to obtain a spatial radio signal of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, and obtain a uniform linear array sampling signal or a uniform planar array sampling signal;
the second processing unit 52 is configured to determine, according to an array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration, where the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array;
the third processing unit 53 is configured to use the airspace wireless signal as an input, operate the fault diagnosis method, and obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element;
and a fourth processing unit 54, configured to obtain an index of a faulty antenna array element of the to-be-diagnosed array antenna system according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the third processing unit 53 is specifically configured to:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure BDA0002858870250000121
taking the value of the G-th discrete angle, d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, G (cN) is the number of the discrete angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements;
according to the formulaAγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the step (A),
Figure BDA0002858870250000122
is gammagA corresponding steering vector;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000123
Calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000124
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000125
Wherein | · | purple sweet1Is represented by1Norm, | · | luminance2Is represented by2Norm, δ, is the noise level.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the third processing unit 53 is specifically configured to:
taking the space domain wireless signal as input according to a formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000126
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000127
Wherein | · | purple*Representing the kernel norm, and λ is a regularization parameter.
Preferably, the fourth processing unit 54 is specifically configured to:
according to the formula | fnDetermining antenna array element indexes meeting conditions, wherein the antenna array element indexes meeting the conditions are used as the indexes of the fault antenna array elements of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, and f is greater than thnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
The array antenna system fault diagnosis device comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the first processing unit, the second processing unit, the third processing unit, the fourth processing unit and the like are stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.
The processor comprises a kernel, and the kernel calls the corresponding program unit from the memory. The kernel can be set to be one or more than one, the detection and the positioning of the fault antenna array element in the array antenna system are realized by adjusting the kernel parameters under the condition of not depending on an accurate reference signal, and compared with the traditional array antenna system diagnosis method, the complexity and the hardware overhead of fault diagnosis can be reduced.
An embodiment of the present application provides a storage medium on which a program is stored, the program implementing the array antenna system fault diagnosis method when executed by a processor.
The embodiment of the application provides a processor, wherein the processor is used for running a program, and the array antenna system fault diagnosis method is executed when the program runs.
An electronic device 60 includes, as shown in fig. 6, at least one processor 601, at least one memory 602 connected to the processor, and a bus 603; the processor 601 and the memory 602 complete communication with each other through the bus 603; the processor 601 is used to call the program instructions in the memory 602 to execute the array antenna system fault diagnosis method described above.
The electronic device herein may be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.
The present application further provides a computer program product adapted to perform a program for initializing the following method steps when executed on a data processing device:
acquiring a spatial domain wireless signal of an array antenna system to be diagnosed to obtain a signal Y or Y, wherein Y is a uniform linear array sampling signal, and Y is a uniform planar array sampling signal;
determining a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array;
taking the airspace wireless signal as input, and operating the fault diagnosis method to obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element;
and obtaining the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the airspace wireless signal is used as an input, the fault diagnosis method is operated, and a fault response coefficient of an antenna array element is obtained, specifically:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure BDA0002858870250000141
taking the value of the G-th discrete angle, wherein d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, G (cN) is the number of the discrete angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements;
according to formula Aγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the process,
Figure BDA0002858870250000142
is gammagA corresponding steering vector;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000143
Calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B;
according to the formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000144
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000145
Wherein | · | purple sweet1Represents l1Norm, | \ | circumflecting2Is represented by2Norm, δ is the noise level.
Preferably, when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the airspace wireless signal is used as an input, the fault diagnosis method is operated, and a fault response coefficient of an antenna array element is obtained, specifically:
taking the space domain wireless signal as input according to a formula
Figure BDA0002858870250000146
Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure BDA0002858870250000147
Wherein | · | purple*Representing the nuclear norm, and λ is the regularization parameter.
Preferably, the obtaining an index of the faulty antenna array element of the to-be-diagnosed array antenna system according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element specifically includes:
according to the formula | fnIf the antenna array element index meets the condition, determining the antenna array element index meeting the condition as the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein fnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a device includes one or more processors (CPUs), memory, and a bus. The device may also include input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and the like.
The memory may include volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM), including at least one memory chip. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, may implement the information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for diagnosing faults of an array antenna system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a spatial domain wireless signal of an array antenna system to be diagnosed to obtain a signal Y or Y, wherein Y is a uniform linear array sampling signal, and Y is a uniform planar array sampling signal;
determining a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array;
taking the airspace wireless signal as input, operating the fault diagnosis method to obtain a fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, wherein the fault response coefficient of the intact antenna array element is 0, and the fault response coefficient of the fault antenna array element is not 0;
and obtaining an index of a fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, wherein the index of the fault antenna array element is identification information for identifying the fault antenna array element.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the fault diagnosis method is operated by taking the spatial domain wireless signal as an input, so as to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, specifically:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure FDA0003604128150000011
taking the value of the G-th discrete angle, wherein d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, G (cN) is the number of the discrete angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements;
according to formula Aγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the process,
Figure FDA0003604128150000012
is gammagA corresponding steering vector;
according to the formula
Figure FDA0003604128150000013
Calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B;
according to the formula
Figure FDA0003604128150000014
s.t.||y-(Aγ+Bdiag(β))x-f||2Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element with the value less than or equal to delta
Figure FDA0003604128150000015
Wherein | · | purple sweet1Represents l1Norm, | · | luminance2Is represented by2The norm, δ is the noise level,
Figure FDA0003604128150000021
and
Figure FDA0003604128150000022
respectively, an estimate of the incident signal gain vector x and the calibration coefficient vector beta.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the fault diagnosis method is operated by taking the airspace wireless signal as an input, so as to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, and specifically:
taking the space domain wireless signal as input according to a formula
Figure FDA0003604128150000023
s.t.||Y-Y′-F||2Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element
Figure FDA0003604128150000024
Wherein | · | purple*Representing the kernel norm, λ is a regularization parameter,
Figure FDA0003604128150000025
is an estimate of the uniform planar array fault-free received signal Y'.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining, according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, an index of a faulty antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed specifically includes:
according to the formula | fnIf the antenna array element index meets the condition, determining the antenna array element index meeting the condition as the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein fnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
5. An array antenna system fault diagnosis apparatus, comprising:
the system comprises a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a third processing unit, wherein the first processing unit is used for acquiring a space domain wireless signal of an array antenna system to be diagnosed and obtaining a signal Y or Y, wherein Y is a uniform linear array sampling signal, and Y is a uniform planar array sampling signal;
the second processing unit is used for determining a fault diagnosis method corresponding to the array configuration according to the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein the array configuration is a uniform linear array or a uniform planar array;
the third processing unit is used for taking the airspace wireless signals as input and operating the fault diagnosis method to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, wherein the fault response coefficient of the intact antenna array element is 0, and the fault response coefficient of the faulty antenna array element is not 0;
and the fourth processing unit is configured to obtain an index of a faulty antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed according to the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element, where the index of the faulty antenna array element is identification information used for identifying the faulty antenna array element.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform linear array, the third processing unit is specifically configured to:
the space domain wireless signal is used as input, and [ gamma ] is obtained according to a formula1,γ2,...,γG]And calculating to obtain a discretization angle set gamma, wherein,
Figure FDA0003604128150000031
taking the value of the G-th discrete angle, wherein d is the distance between the antenna array elements and the wavelength, G (cN) is the number of the discrete angles, c is an oversampling coefficient, and N is the number of the antenna array elements;
according to formula Aγ＝[a(γ1)，...，a(γG)]Calculating to obtain a nominal observation matrix AγWherein, in the process,
Figure FDA0003604128150000032
is gammagA corresponding steering vector;
according to the formula
Figure FDA0003604128150000033
Calculating to obtain a calibration matrix B;
according to the formula
Figure FDA0003604128150000034
s.t.||y-(Aγ+Bdiag(β))x-f||2Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element at most
Figure FDA0003604128150000035
Wherein | · | purple sweet1Is represented by1Norm, | \ | circumflecting2Represents l2The norm, δ is the noise level,
Figure FDA0003604128150000036
and
Figure FDA0003604128150000037
respectively, an estimate of the incident signal gain vector x and the calibration coefficient vector beta.
7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein when the array configuration of the array antenna system to be diagnosed is a uniform planar array, the third processing unit is specifically configured to:
taking the space domain wireless signal as an input according to a formula
Figure FDA0003604128150000038
s.t.||Y-Y′-F||2Calculating to obtain the fault response coefficient of the antenna array element at most
Figure FDA0003604128150000039
Wherein | · | charging*Representing the kernel norm, λ is a regularization parameter,
Figure FDA00036041281500000310
is an estimate of the uniform planar array fault-free received signal Y'.
8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the fourth processing unit is specifically configured to:
according to the formula | fnIf the antenna array element index meets the condition, determining the antenna array element index meeting the condition as the index of the fault antenna array element of the array antenna system to be diagnosed, wherein fnAnd th is a judgment threshold.
9. A storage medium characterized in that the storage medium includes a stored program, wherein a device on which the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the array antenna system failure diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when the program is executed.
10. An electronic device comprising at least one processor, and at least one memory, bus connected to the processor; the processor and the memory complete mutual communication through the bus; the processor is configured to invoke program instructions in the memory to perform the array antenna system fault diagnostic method of any of claims 1 to 4.
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