Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fairing and a pressure reducing valve so as to reduce noise in the operation process of the pressure reducing valve.
The fairing comprises a conical cover body, the outer side wall of the cover body is a conical surface with a large diameter at the top and a small diameter at the bottom, the outer side wall of the cover body is an outward-convex curved surface, a plurality of splitter plates are connected to the outer side wall of the cover body and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body, and the splitter plates are all arranged perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cover body.
In one embodiment, the plurality of splitter plates are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body.
In one embodiment, the upper edge of the diverter plate is attached to the outer sidewall of the housing and the lower edge of the diverter plate extends upwardly from the inside to the outside.
The invention also provides a pressure reducing valve, which comprises a valve body provided with a medium inlet channel and a medium outlet channel, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the valve body, a valve port for communicating the medium inlet channel and the medium outlet channel is arranged on the partition plate, a throttling cone capable of adjusting the opening degree of the valve port is also arranged in the valve body, and the lower side of the throttling cone is connected with the fairing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
In a specific embodiment, the partition board is provided with a noise reduction sleeve, an inner cavity of the noise reduction sleeve is communicated with the valve port, a plurality of orifices are arranged on a side wall of the noise reduction sleeve, the medium inlet channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the noise reduction sleeve through the orifices, a plurality of flow guide parts which protrude inwards from an inner wall of the noise reduction sleeve are connected to a cylinder wall of the noise reduction sleeve, arc-shaped concave surfaces which are perpendicular to the vertical direction and have arc-shaped cross sections are arranged on the flow guide parts, the arc-shaped concave surfaces are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the orifices, and each arc-shaped concave surface is used for changing the flow direction of a medium flowing into the orifice corresponding to the arc-shaped concave surface to the direction inclined towards the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve from outside to inside.
In a specific embodiment, one side of each arc-shaped concave surface close to the wall of the noise reduction sleeve is connected with the throttling hole corresponding to the arc-shaped concave surface.
In a specific embodiment, each of the flow guiding portions is an arc-shaped plate which is inclined from outside to inside to the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve, and the slope of the arc-shaped plate from outside to inside to the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve is small outside and large inside.
In a specific embodiment, the plurality of flow guide portions form a plurality of first flow guide plates extending in the vertical direction, the plurality of first flow guide plates are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve, and each first flow guide plate is formed by sequentially connecting at least two flow guide portions.
In one embodiment, the plurality of first deflectors are inclined in the same direction from the outside to the inside toward the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve.
In a specific embodiment, the plurality of flow guide portions form a plurality of second flow guide plates extending in the vertical direction and a plurality of third flow guide plates extending in the vertical direction, each second flow guide plate is formed by sequentially connecting at least two flow guide portions, the plurality of second flow guide plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve at intervals, each third flow guide plate is formed by sequentially connecting at least two flow guide portions, the plurality of third flow guide plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve at intervals, the plurality of second flow guide plates are positioned on the upper sides of the plurality of third flow guide plates, the plurality of second flow guide plates are consistent in the circumferential inclination direction of the noise reduction sleeve from outside to inside, the plurality of third flow guide plates are consistent in the circumferential inclination direction of the noise reduction sleeve from outside to inside, and the plurality of second flow guide plates are opposite in the circumferential inclination direction of the noise reduction sleeve from outside to inside.
The conventional pressure reducing valve in the prior art mainly uses liquid flow noise and cavitation noise, and the key is to reduce the noise of the pressure reducing valve and reduce the overhigh fluid flow rate at the throttling port of the pressure reducing valve. Meanwhile, as the flow passing through the pressure reducing valve is ensured to be unchanged, the opening degree of the throttling cone needs to be increased when the flow speed of the throttling opening is reduced; by providing a noise reduction sleeve, the pressure reducing valve is changed from the single-stage pressure reduction of the conventional pressure reducing valve to a two-stage pressure reduction, namely: the noise reduction sleeve reduces the noise for the first stage, the throttle cone increases the opening of the valve port and reduces the flow rate at the valve port to reduce the noise for the second stage, and therefore the overall noise reduction target of the reducing valve is achieved.
The flow field is improved by the fairing, the cavitation effect possibly existing under a certain working condition can be relieved, the pressure stabilizing effect of the pressure reducing valve is improved, the outer side wall of the fairing is set to be an outward convex curved surface, the outward convex curved surface is more favorable for being matched with the inner shape of a valve body of the pressure reducing valve, and the flow distribution plate is arranged for decomposing and eliminating large vortexes formed by high-speed outflow from a valve port below the throttling cone, so that the pressure fluctuation is reduced, the fluid flows more smoothly, and the fluid noise of the pressure reducing valve is reduced. The pressure reducing valve also forms two-stage noise reduction, so that the overall noise of the pressure reducing valve in the operation process can be reduced, and meanwhile, the overall noise of the pressure reducing valve in the operation process can be reduced from multiple aspects through the optimally designed noise reduction sleeve. According to CFD simulation of the pressure reducing valve and hydropower station test conditions, compared with the conventional pressure reducing valve, the noise of the improved pressure reducing valve is obviously reduced, and compared with the pressure reducing valve provided with the noise reduction sleeve with the inclined straight guide plate, the fluid noise of the improved pressure reducing valve is lower.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
The fairing as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a conical cover body 14, the outer side wall of the cover body 14 is a conical surface with a large diameter at the top and a small diameter at the bottom, the outer side wall of the cover body 14 is an outward convex curved surface, a plurality of splitter plates 16 are connected to the outer side wall of the cover body 14, the plurality of splitter plates 16 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cover body 14, and the plurality of splitter plates 16 are all arranged perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the cover body 14.
In this embodiment, a plurality of splitter plates 16 are equally spaced along the circumference of the cover 14.
In this embodiment, the upper edge of the diverter plate 16 is connected to the outer side wall of the cover 14, and the lower edge of the diverter plate 16 is a curved edge extending upward from the inside to the outside.
The fairing is mainly used for improving a flow field, relieving a cavitation effect possibly existing under a certain working condition, improving the pressure stabilizing effect of the pressure reducing valve, setting the outer side wall of the cover body 14 to be an outward convex curved surface, and being more beneficial to matching with the internal shape of a valve body of the pressure reducing valve, and setting the flow distribution plate to be beneficial to decomposing and eliminating large vortexes formed by flowing out of a valve opening at a high speed below the throttling cone, so that pressure fluctuation is reduced.
The outer side wall of the cover body 14 is a curved surface which is convex outwards and can be made into a curved surface such as a circular arc surface, a parabolic surface, a hyperbolic surface, a cycloid surface and the like according to specific working conditions. The lower edge of the splitter plate 16 may be curved in a shape of a circular arc, a parabola, a hyperbolic curve, a cycloid, etc., according to specific working conditions.
Example two
The pressure reducing valve shown in fig. 3 to 5 includes a valve body 1 provided with a medium inlet channel 2 and a medium outlet channel 3, a partition plate 15 is provided in the valve body 1, a valve port 6 communicating the medium inlet channel 2 and the medium outlet channel 3 is provided on the partition plate 15, a valve stem 5 and a throttle cone 7 installed at a lower end of the valve stem 5 are further provided in the valve body 1, the throttle cone 7 can adjust an opening degree of the valve port 6, a piston matched with a cylinder sleeve 4 is generally provided at an upper end of the valve stem 5, a fairing described in the first embodiment is connected to a lower side of the throttle cone 7, the lower end of the valve stem 5 passes through the throttle cone 7 and the fairing, a step surface abutting against the throttle cone 7 downwards is provided on the valve stem 5, a nut is connected to the lower end of the valve stem 5, and the throttle cone 7 and the fairing are locked at the lower end of the valve stem 5 by the nut. In specific implementation, a driving structure for driving the valve rod 5 may be further connected to the valve body 1, and for example, the prior art may be referred to, for example, chinese patent with application number CN201410555665.9 and named as a piston type pressure reducing valve.
In this embodiment, a cylinder sleeve 4 is disposed at the upper part of the interior of the valve body 1, the upper end of the noise reduction sleeve 8 is connected to the cylinder sleeve 4, and the lower end of the noise reduction sleeve 8 is connected to the valve port 6 of the partition plate 15. Further, the noise reduction sleeve 8 is a cylindrical member having an upper opening and a lower opening. The cylinder sleeve 4 blocks an upper end opening of the noise reduction sleeve 8, a lower end portion of the noise reduction sleeve 8 is in interference fit with the valve port 6, a lower end opening of the noise reduction sleeve 8 corresponds to the valve port 6, a medium in the medium inlet channel 2 flows into an inner cavity of the noise reduction sleeve 8 through the plurality of throttle holes 9 and then flows to the medium outlet channel 3 through the valve port 6, and when the pressure reducing valve described in the embodiment is applied to a hydropower station, the medium is water.
In this embodiment, the partition 15 is provided with the noise reduction sleeve 8, an inner cavity of the noise reduction sleeve 8 is communicated with the valve port 6, a plurality of orifices 9 are arranged on a side wall of the noise reduction sleeve 8, the medium inlet channel 2 is communicated with the inner cavity of the noise reduction sleeve 8 through the orifices 9, a plurality of flow guide portions protruding inwards from an inner wall of the noise reduction sleeve 8 are connected to a barrel wall of the noise reduction sleeve 8, arc-shaped concave surfaces perpendicular to the vertical direction and having arc-shaped cross sections are arranged on the flow guide portions, the arc-shaped concave surfaces are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the orifices 9, and each arc-shaped concave surface is used for changing the flow direction of a medium flowing into the corresponding orifice 9 to the direction inclined in the circumferential direction from the outside to the inside of the noise reduction sleeve 8.
In this embodiment, each of the arcuate concave surfaces is engaged with its corresponding orifice 9 on the side thereof facing the wall of the noise reduction sleeve 8. So that the medium flowing out of the orifice 9 flows directly along the arc-shaped concave surface and changes the flow direction of the medium through the arc-shaped concave surface.
In this embodiment, each of the plurality of flow guiding portions is an arc-shaped plate which is inclined in the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8 from outside to inside, and the slope of the circumferential inclination of the noise reduction sleeve 8 from outside to inside is small from outside to inside and is large from outside to inside, where the slope of the arc-shaped plate close to the outside is smaller than the slope of the arc-shaped plate close to the inside, and the slope of the arc-shaped plate close to the inside is larger than the slope of the arc-shaped plate close to the outside. The section of the arc-shaped plate vertical to the up-down direction is arc-shaped, and the arc line of the arc-shaped plate can be made into a curve such as an arc line, a parabola, a hyperbola, a cycloid and the like.
In this embodiment, the plurality of flow guiding portions form a plurality of first flow guiding plates 10 extending in the up-down direction, the plurality of first flow guiding plates 10 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8, and each first flow guiding plate 10 is formed by sequentially connecting at least two flow guiding portions.
In the present embodiment, the plurality of first deflectors 10 are inclined in the same direction from the outside to the inside in the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8.
By adopting the pressure reducing valve, the flow field of the fairing can be improved, the cavitation effect possibly existing under a certain working condition is relieved, the pressure stabilizing effect of the pressure reducing valve is improved, the outer side wall of the cover body 14 is set to be an outward convex curved surface, the outward convex curved surface is more favorable for being matched with the internal shape of a valve body of the pressure reducing valve, the flow distribution plate is arranged, the large vortex formed by high-speed outflow from a valve opening below the throttling cone is decomposed and eliminated, the pressure fluctuation is reduced, and meanwhile, part of the vortex and the vortex generated due to the noise reduction sleeve 8 can be decomposed and eliminated by the flow distribution plate. A plurality of orifices 9 on the noise reduction sleeve 8 can complete the first-stage pressure reduction and noise reduction, and the upper pressure of a throttling cone of the pressure reducing valve can be reduced due to the fact that the throttling effect of the orifices 9 on the noise reduction sleeve 8 can increase the flow resistance, so that the opening degree of a valve port is increased, the flow rate of a medium at the valve port can be reduced, the second-stage pressure reduction and noise reduction at the valve port is formed, and the overall noise of the pressure reducing valve is reduced. As shown by an arrow 13 in fig. 4, the flow direction of the medium is changed by arranging a plurality of first guide plates 10, and the process of changing the flow direction of the medium can consume energy of the medium; meanwhile, the flow direction of the medium is changed by the first guide plates 10 to form a rotational flow, and the energy of the medium can be further consumed by forming the rotational flow; because the first guide plates 10 protrude inwards from the inner wall of the noise reduction sleeve 8, the rotational flow in the noise reduction sleeve 8 can be blocked by the first guide plates 10 in the rotating process, and the energy of the medium can be consumed; on the other hand, during the process of changing the flow direction of the medium on the first guide plate 10, a part of the medium will be diffused in the up-down direction, so that the medium flowing into the throttle holes 9 adjacent in the up-down direction will also interact to consume the energy of the part of the medium. The provision of a plurality of first baffles 10 can dissipate the energy of the medium in at least four ways, further reducing the overall noise of the pressure reducing valve. On the other hand, through setting up the intensity that the sleeve 8 of making an uproar falls can be promoted to the first guide plate 10 of polylith, can reduce and fall the sleeve 8 of making an uproar and take place the deformation and the possibility of damaging in production, transportation, assembly and use, can prevent because fall the new noise that sleeve 8 of making an uproar warp and bring, be favorable to falling the lightweight of sleeve 8 of making an uproar. Further, foretell sleeve 8 of making an uproar falls for the sleeve 8 of making an uproar falls that the guide plate shown in fig. 8 is the oblique straight board, foretell sleeve 8 of making an uproar falls's water conservancy diversion portion is equipped with the arc concave surface, the flow direction of the medium of change that can be more smooth, reduce the direct impact of medium and the noise that produces on the water conservancy diversion portion, the flow direction of the change medium that can be more wide-angle, more be favorable to improving the inside flow field of sleeve 8 of making an uproar falls, further supplementary fluid noise that reduces, the water conservancy diversion portion can set to the arc simultaneously, the structural strength of arc is stronger, can further promote sleeve 8 of making an uproar falls's structural strength.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7, a difference between the noise reduction sleeve 8 in this embodiment and the noise reduction sleeve 8 in the first embodiment is a setting manner of a plurality of flow guiding portions, in this embodiment, the plurality of flow guiding portions constitute a plurality of second flow guiding plates 11 extending in a vertical direction and a plurality of third flow guiding plates 12 extending in a vertical direction, each second flow guiding plate 11 is formed by sequentially connecting at least two flow guiding portions, the plurality of second flow guiding plates 11 are arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8, each third flow guiding plate 12 is formed by sequentially connecting at least two flow guiding portions, the plurality of third flow guiding plates 12 are arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8, the plurality of second flow guiding plates 11 are located on upper sides of the plurality of third flow guiding plates 12, a tilt direction of the plurality of second flow guiding plates 11 from an outer side to an inner side in the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8 is the same as a tilt direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8, a tilt direction of the plurality of third flow guiding plates 12 from an outer side to an inner side in the circumferential direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8 is the noise reduction sleeve, and a tilt direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8 from an outer side to an inner side in the tilt direction is opposite to the tilt direction of the noise reduction sleeve 8. Through polylith second guide plate 11 and polylith third guide plate 12, can take shape two-layer whirl about, and the flow direction of two-layer whirl is opposite, can further consume the energy, further reduce the noise.