CN112589234A - Automatic welding process for diaphragm plate connecting plate - Google Patents
Automatic welding process for diaphragm plate connecting plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112589234A CN112589234A CN202011374335.1A CN202011374335A CN112589234A CN 112589234 A CN112589234 A CN 112589234A CN 202011374335 A CN202011374335 A CN 202011374335A CN 112589234 A CN112589234 A CN 112589234A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic welding process for a transverse partition plate connecting plate, wherein when the transverse partition plate connecting plate is assembled, the verticality of the connecting plate is controlled to be 0-1 mm, and the gap between the connecting plate and a U rib and between the connecting plate and a panel is controlled to be 0-2 mm; the welding material is solid welding, and the gas is 80% Ar +20% CO2(ii) a In the welding process, two welding guns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the transverse partition plate connecting plate step by step, and an arc starting point is arranged in the center of a horizontal welding line between the connecting plate and the panel. After arc starting, welding the horizontal fillet weld of the connecting plate and the panel, then welding the vertical fillet weld of the connecting plate and the U rib, and continuously welding the U rib at the corner of the horizontal rotation and the vertical rotation; welding the welding gun to the end part of the vertical position welding seam, welding fully at the wrap angle of the plate thickness position of the welding plate, slightly dropping an arc extinguishing point on the U rib, completing the whole process, and continuing the arc to complete the welding of the welding plate with the U rib, the panel and the arc notch wrap angle welding seam; polishing the end of the fillet weld between the arc striking spot-welded plate and the panel to 1:6A transition slope; and (4) polishing the fillet weld seam at the arc-shaped cut to be smooth and even, and polishing to remove arc quenching spot welding meat on the side of the U rib.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic welding process for a diaphragm plate connecting plate, which is suitable for the bridge manufacturing industry and adopts gas shielded welding automatic welding to complete the welding of the diaphragm plate connecting plate with a bridge deck plate, U ribs and wrap angles at arc-shaped notches.
Background
The orthotropic steel bridge deck plate is a structure formed by connecting mutually vertical top plates, longitudinal ribs and diaphragm joint plates in a welding mode. The diaphragm fishplate bar has multiple welding position conversion with bridge floor and vertical rib welding seam, and the diaphragm fishplate bar needs disposable welding shutoff at the overweld corner cut of U rib and roof welding seam position, and the crossing arc incision tip of diaphragm fishplate bar and U rib needs the boxing, and is higher to welder's technical requirement, inevitably has welding defect in welding process, is difficult to guarantee welding quality. Meanwhile, higher welding residual stress and obvious stress concentration exist at the welding connection part of the diaphragm plate joint plate, the longitudinal rib and the panel, along with the continuous accumulation of fatigue damage, fatigue cracking easily occurs at the part with stress concentration and welding defects, the service life and durability of the orthotropic steel bridge panel are directly influenced, the operation quality and reliability of the bridge structure are reduced, and even engineering accidents are caused. The fact proves that in a plurality of detected bridge diseases, the fatigue cracks of the welding seams of the orthotropic bridge deck slab are mainly concentrated on the cross welding of the diaphragm plate connecting plate and the longitudinal rib and the arc-shaped notch end part girdling position. With the increase of traffic volume and service life and the running of overloaded vehicles, the service life of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab is seriously shortened due to the tendency of advancing the service life of the crack generation.
Disclosure of Invention
The design purpose is as follows: aiming at key technologies in the background technology, an automatic welding process for a diaphragm plate, which is suitable for the bridge manufacturing industry and adopts gas shielded welding automatic welding to complete welding of the diaphragm plate and a bridge deck plate, U ribs and wrap angles at arc-shaped notches, is designed.
The design scheme is as follows: the orthotropic steel bridge deck is used as a preferred structural form of the continuous steel box girder bridge deck, has the outstanding advantages of light weight, high strength, high bearing capacity, wide application range, convenient and quick construction, good integrity and economy and the like, and is widely applied to cable support system bridges such as large and medium-span steel box girders/steel truss girders cable-stayed bridges, suspension bridges and the like, and various bridge structures such as tied arch bridges, beam bridges and the like at home and abroad. However, the welding of the diaphragm joint plates with the deck and longitudinal rib welds in orthotropic steel deck panels has been limited to semi-automatic welding techniques due to the complexity of the welding.
The invention designs a welding machine suitable for automatically welding a diaphragm plate connecting plate with a top plate and a U rib, wherein a horizontal fillet weld is continuously arc-turned to a vertical fillet weld wrap angle, two automatic welding guns are adopted during welding, and the welding is carried out asymmetrically from two sides, so that the automatic welding of the diaphragm plate connecting plate is realized, the problems of semi-automatic welding in the technical background are solved, the welding quality is ensured, and the anti-fatigue performance of an orthotropic bridge deck plate is improved. The specific process steps are as follows:
s1, in order to ensure the welding quality of the transverse partition plate joint plates, when the transverse partition plate joint plates are assembled, the verticality of the joint plates is controlled to be 0-1 mm, and the gaps between the joint plates and the U ribs and between the joint plates and the panel are controlled to be 0-2 mm;
s2, the welding material is solid welding ER50-6 (phi 1.2), and the gas is 80% Ar +20% CO2Wherein the purity of the argon gas is 99.99 percent, and the purity of the carbon dioxide is 99.9 percent;
s3, in the welding process, two welding guns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the diaphragm plate connecting plate step by step, and the arc starting point is arranged in the center of the horizontal welding line between the connecting plate and the panel. After arc starting, welding the horizontal fillet weld of the connecting plate and the panel, then welding the vertical fillet weld of the connecting plate and the U rib, and continuously welding the U rib at the corner of the horizontal rotation and the vertical rotation;
s4, welding the welding gun to the end part of the vertical position welding seam, performing fillet welding at the wrapping angle position of the plate thickness of the welding plate, slightly dropping an arc blowout point on the U rib, completing the whole process, and continuing the arc to complete the welding of the welding plate, the U rib, the panel and the arc notch wrapping angle welding seam;
s5, polishing a transition slope from the end part of the fillet weld of the arc starting point connecting plate and the panel to 1: 6;
s6, repeating the steps S3 and S4, and completing the welding of the fishplate bar, the U rib, the panel and the wrapping corners of the arc-shaped notches;
and S7, polishing the fillet-wrapped weld seam at the arc-shaped notch smoothly by using a manual grinding head, and simultaneously polishing to remove arc-quenching spot welding meat on the side of the U rib.
In the step S3, the welding guns symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fishplate bar are not simultaneously arc welded, the front gun is arc welded and the rear gun is arc welded 10S later, and the two welding robot arms drive the welding guns to move.
In the step S3, the straight angle welding current is 240-280A, the voltage is 26-30V, the dry elongation is 15-18 mm, the welding speed is 28-32 cm/min, the air flow is 20-23L/min, the pendulum width is 2-3 mm, the pendulum height is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the pendulum frequency is 115-125 times/min. The welding current of the vertical angle position is 150-170A, the voltage is 20-24V, the dry elongation is 15-18 mm, the welding speed is 12-15 cm/min, the air flow is 20-23L/min, the pendulum width is 4-6 mm, and the pendulum frequency is 48-54 times/min.
In the step S3, the backward inclination angle of a welding gun at two sides of the flat position angle welding seam of the fishplate bar and the panel is 8-12 degrees, and the angle of the welding gun and the panel is 38-42 degrees; the forward inclination angle of a welding tongs for the vertical fillet weld of the connecting plate and the U rib is 8-12 degrees, and the angle of a welding gun and the connecting plate is 43-48 degrees;
in the step S3, the welding gun is stopped for 0.1-0.3S at the corner of the horizontal position to the vertical position, surfacing is carried out at the corner, meanwhile, welding parameter conversion is completed at the corner, continuous arc horizontal fillet welding to vertical welding is realized, and welding parameters at the corner are consistent with welding parameters at the vertical position;
in the step S4, welding guns on two sides are welded to the end part of a welding seam in a vertical position, the welding guns are turned to the plate thickness direction of the arc-shaped notch joint plate and are welded, and the welding length is 4-8 mm of the outward extension of the plate thickness direction. The wrap angle of the connecting plate is formed by two welding seams formed by welding guns on two sides, an arc blowout point deviates to a U rib base metal, the arc blowout defect is avoided at the wrap angle, the welding quality at the wrap angle is ensured, and the anti-fatigue capability at the position is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the whole welding process is continuous, lap welding is reduced, arc starting and arc stopping positions are reasonably set, stress concentration points are avoided, the requirements of a bridge manufacturing process are met, and particularly, the weld joint at the arc-shaped notch and the corner of the fishplate bar is processed in place in detail, so that the fatigue resistance of the weld joint at the arc-shaped notch can be greatly improved; secondly, the automatic welding equipment is adopted to replace semi-automatic manual welding, the appearance of the welding seam is good, the appearance defects such as undercut, welding beading, humping, asymmetric welding corners and the like are avoided, the welding quality is stable, and the problem of welding seam quality caused by uneven quality of personnel during manual welding is avoided; and thirdly, the automatic welding process is simple, the operation is feasible, the automatic welding process can be used for welding the U-rib connecting plate, the quality of a welding seam can be greatly improved, and the application of the automatic welding process in the bridge industry is promoted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the assembly of a deck top plate unit, wherein FIG. 1 is a deck plate, FIG. 2 is a U-shaped rib, and FIG. 3 is a diaphragm plate.
Fig. 2 is a schematic position diagram of the welding gun for horizontal position welding, wherein 4 is a first welding gun, and 5 is a second welding gun.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the position of the welding torch for vertical position welding.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an automated welding sequence.
In the automatic welding gun driving path shown in fig. 5, 6-12 are welding gun driving paths, and 6 '-12' are welding gun driving paths.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
Example 1: reference is made to fig. 1-5. An automatic welding process for a diaphragm plate connecting plate comprises the following steps:
(1) the cross slab fishplate bar is assembled, the straightness of fishplate bar hangs down is 0.5mm, fishplate bar and U rib, panel clearance are 1mm, see figure 1.
(2) The welding material is solid welding ER50-6 (phi 1.2), and the gas is 80% Ar +20% CO2。
(3) Two welding guns are arranged on two sides of the welding plate, the welding gun back-tilting angle of the two sides of the welding seam of the welding plate and the panel at the horizontal position is 10 degrees, and the welding gun angle of the welding gun and the panel is 40 degrees; the forward inclination angle of the welding tongs for the vertical fillet weld of the connecting plate and the U rib is 10 degrees, and the angle of the welding gun and the connecting plate is 45 degrees, which are shown in figures 2 and 3.
(4) Starting welding, wherein a welding gun starts to perform arc striking at a point 6, welding is performed at a point 7, the welding current is 260A, the voltage is 28V, the dry elongation is 18mm, the welding speed is 31cm/min, the gas flow is 22L/min, the pendulum width is 2.5mm, the pendulum height is 0.5mm, and the pendulum frequency is 120 times/min; welding to a point 8, keeping for 0.2S surfacing, and switching welding parameters without arc interruption; driving from the point 8 to the point 9, wherein the welding current is 160A, the voltage is 22V, the dry elongation is 18mm, the welding speed is 14cm/min, the air flow is 22L/min, the swing width is 5mm, and the swing frequency is 50 times/min; the arc is then notched out at 10 to point 11 and quenched at 12, the weld length from point 10 to point 12 being 16 mm. And the driving path and welding parameters of the second welding gun on the other side of the connecting plate are consistent with those of the first welding gun, and the arcing time interval is 10S, which is shown in figures 4 and 5.
(5) Polishing a transition slope from the end part of the fillet weld of the arc starting point connecting plate and the panel to 1: 6;
(6) repeating the step 3 and the step 4 to complete the welding of the joint plate, the U rib, the panel and the arc-shaped notch;
(7) and (3) polishing the fillet weld at the arc-shaped cut by a manual grinding head smoothly and smoothly, and simultaneously polishing and removing arc-extinguishing spot welding meat on the side of the U rib.
It is to be understood that: although the above embodiments have described the design idea of the present invention in more detail, these descriptions are only simple descriptions of the design idea of the present invention, and are not limitations of the design idea of the present invention, and any combination, addition, or modification without departing from the design idea of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An automatic welding process for a diaphragm plate connecting plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) when the transverse partition plate is assembled, the verticality of the plate is controlled to be 0-1 mm, and the gap between the plate and the U rib and between the plate and the panel is controlled to be 0-2 mm;
2) the welding material is solid welding ER50-6 (phi 1.2), and the gas is 80% Ar +20% CO2Wherein the purity of the argon gas is 99.99 percent, and the purity of the carbon dioxide is 99.9 percent;
3) in the welding process, two welding guns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the transverse partition plate connecting plate step by step, an arc striking point is arranged in the center of a horizontal position welding seam of the connecting plate and a panel, after arc striking, the horizontal position fillet welding seam of the connecting plate and the panel is welded, then the vertical position fillet welding seam of the connecting plate and a U rib is welded, and continuous arc welding is needed at a corner of the horizontal position to the vertical position;
4) welding the welding gun to the end part of the vertical position welding seam, welding fully at the wrap angle of the plate thickness position of the welding plate, slightly dropping an arc extinguishing point on the U rib, completing the whole process, and continuing the arc to complete the welding of the welding plate with the U rib, the panel and the arc notch wrap angle welding seam;
5) polishing a transition slope from the end part of the fillet weld of the arc starting point connecting plate and the panel to 1: 6;
6) repeating the steps 3) and 4 to complete the welding of the joint plate, the U rib, the panel and the arc-shaped notch wrap angle;
7) and (3) polishing the fillet weld at the arc-shaped cut by a manual grinding head smoothly and smoothly, and simultaneously polishing and removing arc-extinguishing spot welding meat on the side of the U rib.
2. The automated welding process for diaphragm plates according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step 3), arc starting welding is performed on the welding guns symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the connecting plate in a non-simultaneous mode, arc starting welding is performed on the rear gun after arc starting welding is performed on the front gun for 10 seconds, and the welding guns are driven to move by two welding robot arms.
3. The automated welding process for diaphragm plates according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the flat angle welding current is 240-280A, the voltage is 26-30V, the dry elongation is 15-18 mm, the welding speed is 28-32 cm/min, the air flow is 20-23L/min, the pendulum width is 2-3 mm, the pendulum height is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the pendulum frequency is 115-125 times/min; the welding current of the vertical angle position is 150-170A, the voltage is 20-24V, the dry elongation is 15-18 mm, the welding speed is 12-15 cm/min, the air flow is 20-23L/min, the pendulum width is 4-6 mm, and the pendulum frequency is 48-54 times/min.
4. The automated welding process for diaphragm plates according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the welding gun back-tipping angle of two sides of the butt fillet weld of the butt plate and the panel is 8-12 degrees, and the angle between the welding gun and the panel is 38-42 degrees; the forward inclination angle of the butt plate and the U-rib vertical fillet weld holder is 8-12 degrees, and the angle of the welding gun and the butt plate is 43-48 degrees.
5. The automated welding process for diaphragm plates according to claim 1, wherein: and 3) in the step of turning the welding gun to the corner of the vertical position in the horizontal position, stopping the welding gun for 0.1-0.3S, performing surfacing welding on the corner, and completing welding parameter conversion at the corner to realize the continuous arc welding from the horizontal fillet welding to the vertical welding, wherein the welding parameters of the corner are consistent with those of the vertical position.
6. The automated welding process for diaphragm plates according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), welding guns on two sides are welded to the end part of a welding seam in a vertical position, the welding guns are turned towards the plate thickness direction of the arc-shaped notch connection plate and are welded, and the welding length is 4-8 mm of the welding length extending outwards in the plate thickness direction; the wrapping angle of the connecting plate is formed by welding two welding seams by welding guns on two sides, and the arc extinguishing point is deviated to the U-rib base metal.
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