CN115673476A - Overhead welding process - Google Patents
Overhead welding process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115673476A CN115673476A CN202211462953.0A CN202211462953A CN115673476A CN 115673476 A CN115673476 A CN 115673476A CN 202211462953 A CN202211462953 A CN 202211462953A CN 115673476 A CN115673476 A CN 115673476A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding process for overhead welding, which comprises the following steps: backing welding, namely forming a backing weld bead between the two test plates by adopting an arc-breaking welding mode; filling layer welding, adopting a continuous arc welding mode and short arc operation, and waiting for the weld joint of the weld bead to be melted through, wherein the height of the weld joint is 1-2mm lower than the height of the groove surface of the test plate; and (3) welding the cover plate, wherein a continuous arc welding mode or a broken arc welding mode and short arc operation are adopted, and the staying time of the electric arc on the two sides of the groove is longer than the time between the two test plates. By adopting a specific process means during each step of welding, the problems of appearance forming, size, internal quality and the like of the front and back surfaces of the welding seam when a manual arc welding method is adopted are solved, the problems of appearance forming, size deviation, easy generation of air holes in the welding seam and the like of the front and back surfaces of the welding seam when an inclined 20-degree overhead plane is used for welding are effectively solved, and the welding quality is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to an overhead welding process.
Background
The inclined 20-degree elevation plate butt joint is that the elevation plate is inclined by 20 degrees on the basis of a welding position of a test plate elevation butt joint (4G), an operator is in an unnatural position during welding, molten pool metal is influenced by gravity to fall and inclines towards a lower side test plate, the gravity of welding rod deposited metal can block molten drops from being transited to a molten pool, the heat of the welding molten pool is not easy to control, the temperature of the molten pool is higher, the surface size of a welding seam is difficult to control in a standard range, air holes and the like are easily generated in the welding seam, and the welding difficulty is more higher than that of the 4G welding position.
Therefore, what kind of process is adopted to ensure the appearance forming, the size and the internal quality of the front and back surfaces of the welding seam becomes a main concern.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of appearance forming, size and internal quality of the front and back surfaces of a welding seam in the prior art and provides an overhead welding process.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a welding process of overhead welding comprises the following steps:
s11, backing welding, wherein a backing weld bead is formed between the two test plates in an arc-breaking welding mode;
s12, welding a filling layer, namely, adopting a continuous arc welding mode and short arc operation, and after the welding seam of the welding bead is completely melted, wherein the height of the welding seam is 1-2mm lower than the height of the groove surface of the test plate;
and S13, welding the cover panel, wherein a continuous arc welding mode or a broken arc welding mode and short arc operation are adopted, and the staying time of electric arcs on the two sides of the groove is longer than the time between the two test plates.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps before the step S11:
and (3) polishing the test plate, wherein the groove and two sides of the test plate are polished within a range of 20mm.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps before the step S11:
assembling, namely reserving a blunt edge and a root gap of 3-4mm for the test plate.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps before the step S11:
and (5) positioning and tack welding, wherein the length of a tack welding seam is less than 20mm.
Preferably, the test plate is prefabricated by 3-6mm of reverse deformation amount before the backing welding is carried out.
Preferably, before the step S11, one side of the weld on the test panel is inclined by 20 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.
Preferably, before the step S12 and/or the step S13, the following steps are further included: and cleaning and polishing impurities at the welding seam.
Preferably, when the filler layer welding is performed in the step S12, layered and separated welding may be adopted.
Preferably, the length of the two test panels is 300mm, the width is 125mm, and the thickness is 12mm.
Preferably, when the backing welding is performed in the step S11, a welding rod with a diameter of 3.2mm is used, and the value range of the welding current is 115A-130A;
when the filling layer is welded in the step S12, a welding rod with the diameter of 3.2mm is adopted, and the value range of welding current is 110A-130A;
when the cover panel is welded in the step S13, a welding rod with a diameter of 3.2mm is used, and the value range of the welding current is 110A-130A.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the overhead welding process adopts a specific process means during each step of welding, solves the problems of appearance forming, size, internal quality and the like of the front and back surfaces of a welding seam when a manual electric arc welding method is adopted, effectively overcomes the problems of appearance forming, size deviation, easy air holes generation in the welding seam and the like of the front and back surfaces of the welding seam when an inclined 20-degree overhead line is used for welding, and ensures the welding quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the operation state in overhead welding.
FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of the specific steps of the overhead welding process.
Description of reference numerals:
Weld 200
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a welding process for overhead welding is disclosed.
The welding process of overhead welding specifically comprises the following steps:
s11, backing welding, wherein a backing weld bead is formed between the two test plates in an arc-breaking welding mode;
s12, welding a filling layer, namely, adopting a continuous arc welding mode and short arc operation, and after the welding seam of the welding bead is completely melted, wherein the height of the welding seam is 1-2mm lower than the height of the groove surface of the test plate;
and S13, welding the cover panel, wherein a continuous arc welding mode or an arc breaking welding mode and short arc operation are adopted, and the staying time of the electric arc on the two sides of the groove is longer than the time between the two test plates.
In the present embodiment, before performing step S11, the following specific steps are further included:
the test plate is polished, assembled and tack welded, paint, rust and the like in the range of 20mm on the groove and two sides of the test plate are polished and cleaned, a certain amount of truncated edges and 3-4mm root gaps are reserved according to requirements, tack welding is carried out in the grooves at two ends of the test piece on a smooth steel plate, and the length of a tack welding line is less than 20mm. And the test piece is not allowed to have misalignment after the assembly point is welded.
As a preferred embodiment, the backing welding in step S11 includes the following specific operations: the method comprises the steps of prefabricating 3-6mm of reverse deformation amount before welding of a bottoming layer, placing a test plate at a 4G inclined welding position of 20 degrees, adopting an arc-breaking welding mode for the bottoming layer, paying attention to avoiding arc shrinkage holes and arc ignition air holes when welding rod joints are replaced, strictly executing according to the operation specification requirements of the welding rod joints of the bottoming layer, and paying attention to avoiding the generation of back welding seam depression.
As a preferred embodiment, the filler layer welding in step S12 includes the following specific operations: the filling layer adopts a continuous arc welding mode and short arc operation, molten drop transition is facilitated, slag is clamped at the weld toe of a welding seam of the priming layer before welding, an arc striking point of a welding joint is polished completely, the welding joint is executed according to the operation specification requirement of the filling layer joint, the filling layer needs to have proper weld height on the premise of ensuring that the weld is completely melted, namely the height is 1-2mm lower than the surface of a groove, and the filling layer can adopt layered and divided welding.
As a preferred embodiment, the welding of the cover panel in step S13 includes the following specific operations: the cover layer can adopt a continuous arc or broken arc welding mode and short arc operation and ensure proper arc length, so that molten drop transition is facilitated, welding defects are avoided, welding slag of the filling layer is cleaned up before welding, the smooth surface of a welding bead of the filling layer is ensured without a deep clamping groove, the residence time of the arc on two sides of the groove is slightly long, undercut and toe remaining height are prevented from being generated, the heat of a joint molten pool is controlled well during welding, and the molten slag and metal liquid are prevented from being mixed together to generate air holes.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 1, the included angle between the welding rod and the welding seam is 90 degrees.
In this embodiment, two test pieces of Q235 carbon steel plate are used, the length, width and height are 300X 125X 12mm, and the welding rod is CHE507 (trademark) with a diameter of 3.2 mm.
The diameter of the welding rod and the value range of the welding current selected by each welding level during welding are as follows:
when the backing welding is performed in the step S11, a welding rod with a diameter of 3.2mm is used, and the value range of the welding current is 115A-130A;
when the filling layer is welded in the step S12, a welding rod with the diameter of 3.2mm is adopted, and the value range of welding current is 110A-130A;
when the cover panel is welded in the step S13, a welding rod with a diameter of 3.2mm is used, and the value range of the welding current is 110A-130A.
During specific operation, the worker can set, adjust and select the proper welding rod, thrust current and arc striking current value according to the requirement.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The overhead welding process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s11, backing welding, wherein a backing weld bead is formed between the two test plates in an arc-breaking welding mode;
s12, welding a filling layer, namely, adopting a continuous arc welding mode and short arc operation, and after the welding seam of the welding bead is completely melted, wherein the height of the welding seam is 1-2mm lower than the height of the surface of the groove of the test plate;
and S13, welding the cover panel, wherein a continuous arc welding mode or an arc breaking welding mode and short arc operation are adopted, and the staying time of the electric arc on the two sides of the groove is longer than the time between the two test plates.
2. The overhead welding process of claim 1, further comprising, prior to step S11, the steps of:
and (3) polishing the test plate, wherein the groove and two sides of the test plate are polished within a range of 20mm.
3. The overhead welding process of claim 1, further comprising, before step S11, the steps of:
assembling, reserving a blunt edge and a 3-4mm root gap on the test plate.
4. The overhead welding process of claim 1, further comprising, before step S11, the steps of:
and (5) positioning spot welding, wherein the length of the spot welding seam is less than 20mm.
5. The overhead welding process of claim 1, wherein said test panel is pre-formed to a 3-6mm reverse deformation amount prior to said backing weld.
6. The overhead welding process of claim 1, wherein one side of the weld on the test panel is inclined by 20 ° with respect to a horizontal plane before the step S11.
7. The overhead welding process of claim 1, further comprising, before step S12 and/or step S13, the steps of: and cleaning and polishing impurities at the welding seam.
8. The overhead welding process of claim 1, wherein in step S12, when performing the filling layer welding, a layered separation welding is adopted.
9. The overhead welding process of claim 1, wherein an angle between said welding electrode and said weld is 90 °.
10. The overhead welding process of claim 1,
when the backing welding is performed in the step S11, a welding rod with a diameter of 3.2mm is used, and the value range of the welding current is 115A-130A;
when the filling layer is welded in the step S12, a welding rod with the diameter of 3.2mm is adopted, and the value range of welding current is 110A-130A;
when the cover panel is welded in the step S13, a welding rod with a diameter of 3.2mm is used, and the value range of the welding current is 110A-130A.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211462953.0A CN115673476A (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Overhead welding process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211462953.0A CN115673476A (en) | 2022-11-21 | 2022-11-21 | Overhead welding process |
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| CN115673476A true CN115673476A (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116833514A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-10-03 | 天津大学 | Welding method for improving all-position welding quality of marine riser 5G and product thereof |
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2022
- 2022-11-21 CN CN202211462953.0A patent/CN115673476A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116833514A (en) * | 2023-05-25 | 2023-10-03 | 天津大学 | Welding method for improving all-position welding quality of marine riser 5G and product thereof |
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