CN112586623B - Pet nutritional paste prepared from euphausia superba active calcium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pet nutritional paste prepared from euphausia superba active calcium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pet feeds, in particular to a pet nutrition paste prepared from euphausia superba active calcium and a preparation method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps of S1 euphausia superba active calcium preparation: taking antarctic krill secondary residues as raw materials, and obtaining antarctic krill active calcium solution through calcium release, active calcium conversion and refining; s2, constructing a nutrition paste forming matrix: the nutritional paste forming matrix comprises an aqueous base material and an oil-based material, wherein the aqueous base material comprises a euphausia superba active calcium solution; s3, mixing nutrition paste forming matrix: mixing the water-based base material and the oil-based material to form an oil-in-water system, thereby obtaining the uniformly shaped nutrition paste. The pet nutrition paste disclosed by the invention takes the second-level residue of antarctic krill, which is remained after the antarctic krill extracts lipid and protein peptide, as a raw material, and fully utilizes calcium and chitin resources in the residue, so that the method is simple and mild, green and environment-friendly, low in energy consumption and beneficial to industrialized popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pet feeds, in particular to a pet nutrition paste prepared from euphausia superba active calcium and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Pets, also known as "companion animals," act as important human emotional hosts, playing an increasingly important role in our lives, often being considered one of the family members. Their nutrition and health have become a significant challenge. In particular, with the progress of society, the concept of pet feeding has changed greatly, and the diet requirements of people on pets are also increasing. Therefore, the pet food industry is urgent to be transformed and upgraded, and especially, innovation of products should develop a more nutritious, healthier and more targeted pet food industry chain according to different types and requirements of pets. The pet nutrition paste is used as a fast-supplementing nutrition product which is easy to digest and absorb and is very practical, is suitable for being eaten by pets of all ages, and has a huge market demand prospect especially for young and old pets.
The antarctic krill has huge biological reserves, is an important strategic resource, and belongs to one of three extremely important ocean resources to be developed. At present, among various products developed by taking euphausia superba as a raw material, the euphausia superba oil is the most representative, however, the residue left after extracting the euphausia superba oil, namely euphausia superba powder, is mostly used as a feed raw material, and the added value of the products is lower. Therefore, researches on preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in euphausia superba lipid and the pet nutritional paste rich in euphausia superba protein peptide by taking euphausia superba powder as raw materials appear, so that lipid and protein resources in residues are utilized, but the residual residues are not effectively developed.
Therefore, developing a pet nutrition paste rich in active calcium prepared by utilizing residues generated in the processing process of euphausia superba powder and a preparation method thereof is very important for further improving the comprehensive utilization rate of euphausia superba resources, realizing the omnibearing utilization of the resources and improving the added value of products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem that residues of euphausia superba powder after lipid and protein extraction are not effectively developed, the invention provides a pet nutritional paste prepared by utilizing euphausia superba active calcium and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a pet nutritional paste using active calcium from antarctic krill, the method comprising:
s1, preparing active calcium of euphausia superba: taking antarctic krill secondary residues as raw materials, and obtaining antarctic krill active calcium solution through calcium release, active calcium conversion and refining;
s2, constructing a nutrition paste forming matrix: the nutritional paste forming matrix comprises an aqueous base material and an oil-based material, wherein the aqueous base material comprises a euphausia superba active calcium solution;
s3, mixing nutrition paste forming matrix: mixing the water-based base material and the oil-based material to form an oil-in-water system, thereby obtaining the uniformly shaped nutrition paste.
Further, the antarctic krill secondary residue refers to residue left after preparing the antarctic krill lipid-rich pet nutritional paste and the antarctic krill protein peptide-rich pet nutritional paste, and specifically is solid residue left after extracting antarctic krill powder with ethanol and carrying out enzymolysis with acid protease.
Further, the preparation of S1 antarctic krill active calcium comprises:
(1) Release of calcium: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the raw material euphausia superba secondary residue, stirring and homogenizing, and performing ultrasonic auxiliary treatment to obtain euphausia superba calcium release liquid;
(2) Conversion of active calcium: adjusting the pH value of the euphausia superba calcium release solution to 7.0, adding euphausia superba protein peptide solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment;
(3) Refining: and (3) refining the ultrasonic solution by ultrafiltration, and collecting the trapped fluid to obtain the euphausia superba active calcium solution.
Further, the S1 antarctic krill active calcium preparation specifically comprises:
(1) Release of calcium: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the second-stage residue of the raw material euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1: 5-10, wherein the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 8-20: 100, stirring and homogenizing, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 h at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 160-240W, so as to obtain euphausia superba calcium release liquid;
(2) Conversion of active calcium: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the euphausia superba calcium release solution, regulating the pH to 7.0, and then adding the euphausia superba protein peptide solution, wherein the volume ratio of the euphausia superba calcium release solution to the euphausia superba protein peptide solution is 1:0.2 to 0.5, and then ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 1 to 3 hours at the temperature of 50 to 70 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 160 to 240W;
(3) Refining: and (3) refining the solution after ultrasonic treatment by ultrafiltration until the trapped fluid is 1/5-1/3 of the total volume of the original solution, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 200-300 Da, and collecting the trapped fluid to obtain the antarctic krill active calcium solution.
Further, the euphausia superba protein peptide solution refers to a protein peptide solution obtained by pretreating first-class euphausia superba residues left after preparing the euphausia superba lipid-rich pet nutritional paste, performing enzymolysis combined debittering, refining and concentrating, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(a) Pretreatment of raw materials: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the raw material euphausia superba, uniformly stirring, and then adding acid protease for enzymolysis to obtain a treatment solution A;
(b) Enzymolysis combined debitterizing: carrying out enzymolysis on the treatment liquid A by using flavourzyme and trypsin, adding sugar into a system after the enzymolysis is finished, stirring, dissolving and preserving heat to obtain a treatment liquid B;
(c) Refining: refining the treatment liquid B by ultrafiltration, and collecting filtrate to obtain treatment liquid C;
(d) Concentrating: and (3) concentrating the treatment liquid C under reduced pressure to obtain a euphausia superba protein peptide solution.
Further, the first-stage antarctic krill residue refers to residue remained after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill lipid, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps: and adding an extraction solvent into the euphausia superba powder, wherein the extracted solid residue is the first-stage euphausia superba residue.
Further, the construction of the S2 nutrition paste forming matrix comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a water-based base material: mixing antarctic krill active calcium solution, excipient, peptone, hydrolyzed animal protein, milk powder, glucose, maltose, white sugar and vitamins, completely hydrating, heating for dissolving, and stirring to obtain water-based base material;
(2) And (3) preparing oil materials: mixing animal fat, emulsifying agent, auxiliary emulsifying agent and fat-soluble vitamins, stirring to disperse uniformly, and making into oil material.
Further, the S2 nutrition paste forming matrix is specifically constructed by:
(1) Preparing a water-based base material: 100 parts of euphausia superba active calcium solution, 3-10 parts of excipient, 10-30 parts of peptone, 5-10 parts of hydrolyzed animal protein, 10-20 parts of milk powder, 10-20 parts of glucose, 5-10 parts of maltose, 10-20 parts of white granulated sugar and 0.5-2 parts of vitamin are weighed according to parts by weight, mixed, heated and dissolved under the condition of 40-90 ℃ after complete hydration, and uniformly stirred to prepare a water-based base material;
the excipient comprises at least one of pectin, sodium alginate, gelatin, agar and gelatin;
(2) And (3) preparing oil materials: weighing 100 parts of animal fat, 1-10 parts of emulsifying agent, 0.1-5 parts of auxiliary emulsifying agent and 0.1-2 parts of fat-soluble vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, stirring until the components are uniformly dispersed, and preparing an oil material;
the animal fat comprises at least one of fish oil, shrimp oil, pork, chicken, beef tallow and mutton fat;
the emulsifier comprises at least one of sucrose ester, polyglycerol stearate, monoglyceride fatty acid ester, diglycerol fatty acid ester, tween and lecithin.
Further, the S3 nutrition paste forming matrix is specifically mixed with the following components:
heating the water-based base material and the oil-based material to 70-100 ℃ respectively, and then slowly adding the oil-based material into the water-based base material, wherein the mass ratio of the water-based base material to the oil-based material is 1:0.1 to 0.5, and adding and homogenizing to emulsify until the system is uniform, thus forming a stable oil-in-water system without free oil materials, and obtaining the uniform nutritional paste.
Further, the homogenizing emulsification is shearing homogenizing emulsification, the rotating speed of the shearing homogenizing emulsification is 1000-30000 rpm, and the time is 5-30 min.
Further, the method also comprises the steps of S4 sterilizing and packaging: sterilizing the nutrient paste at 65-70 ℃ for 15min, and then sub-packaging according to production requirements.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a pet nutritional paste prepared by the above method.
Further, the mass fraction of the active calcium in the krill is not less than 500mg/kg.
The method has the beneficial effects that the method takes the comprehensive utilization of the euphausia superba resources as a starting point, utilizes residues generated in the processing process, prepares the euphausia superba active calcium through the processes of releasing calcium, converting calcium and the like, and prepares a nutrient paste product rich in the euphausia superba active calcium with good nutrition, efficacy and palatability through formula matrix effect and excipient design, so as to promote the development of high-end pet nutrition in China, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of the euphausia superba and increase the added value of the product.
The pet nutrition paste prepared by utilizing the euphausia superba active calcium has the characteristics of natural raw materials, comprehensive nutrition function and rich flavor. The product of the invention is rich in active calcium, has high absorption and utilization rate of calcium, and can effectively prevent the occurrence of bone diseases such as cartilage diseases, rickets, osteoporosis, postpartum paralysis and the like of pets.
The preparation process of the invention is easy to operate, and the final product has good stability, high calcium absorption and utilization rate and long-time storage of oil-free water separation phenomenon through the design of the formula and the optimization process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a pet nutritional paste using antarctic krill active calcium in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A pet nutritional paste prepared from antarctic krill active calcium is prepared by the following steps:
s1, preparing active calcium of euphausia superba:
(1) Release of calcium: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the second-stage residue of the raw material euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:5, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 8:100, stirring and homogenizing, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at the temperature of 30 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 160W, so as to obtain euphausia superba calcium release liquid;
wherein the second-stage antarctic krill residue refers to residue left after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill lipid and the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill protein peptide, in particular to solid residue left after extracting antarctic krill powder with ethanol and carrying out enzymolysis with acid protease;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill primary residue comprises the following steps:
adding 0.85g/L ethanol water solution into the euphausia superba powder, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol water solution to the euphausia superba powder is 2:1, extracting for 0.5h for 1 time, and collecting the extracted solid residue, namely the first-stage euphausia superba residue;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill secondary residue comprises the following steps:
adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:3, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.015:100, uniformly stirring, then adding acid protease for enzymolysis, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 500u/g, stirring for 2 hours at 35 ℃, and collecting solid residues after enzymolysis, namely antarctic krill secondary residues;
(2) Conversion of active calcium: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the antarctic krill calcium release solution, regulating the pH to 7.0, and then adding antarctic krill protein peptide solution, wherein the volume ratio of the antarctic krill calcium release solution to the antarctic krill protein peptide solution is 1:0.2, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h at 50 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 160W;
wherein, the euphausia superba protein peptide solution refers to a protein peptide solution obtained by pretreating first-class euphausia superba residues left after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in euphausia superba lipid, performing enzymolysis and debitterizing, refining and concentrating, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(a) Pretreatment of raw materials: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:3, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.015:100, adding acid protease for enzymolysis after uniformly stirring, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 500u/g, stirring for 2 hours at 35 ℃ and obtaining a treatment liquid A after the enzymolysis is finished;
(b) Enzymolysis combined debitterizing: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the treatment solution A to adjust the pH to 7.0, then adding flavourzyme and trypsin to carry out enzymolysis on the treatment solution A, wherein the concentration of the flavourzyme is 100u/g, the concentration of the trypsin is 50u/g, the enzymolysis condition is that stirring is carried out for 2 hours at 35 ℃, sugar is added into a system after the enzymolysis is finished, and the mass ratio of the sugar to the system after the enzymolysis is 1:100, heating a system to 90 ℃ after stirring and dissolving sugar comprising glucose, preserving heat for 1h, and cooling to room temperature after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a treatment liquid B;
(c) Refining: refining the treatment liquid B by ultrafiltration, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 2000-3000 Da, and collecting the filtered liquid after the ultrafiltration is finished to obtain the treatment liquid C;
(d) Concentrating: concentrating the treatment liquid C under reduced pressure at 60 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.06 MPa to ensure that the solid content in the liquid system is not less than 20% to obtain euphausia superba protein peptide solution;
(3) Refining: refining the solution after ultrasonic treatment by ultrafiltration until the trapped fluid is 1/5 of the total volume of the original solution, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 200-300 Da, and collecting the trapped fluid to obtain antarctic krill active calcium solution;
s2, constructing a nutrition paste forming matrix:
(1) Preparing a water-based base material: weighing 100 parts of euphausia superba active calcium solution, 3 parts of excipient, 10 parts of peptone, 5 parts of hydrolyzed animal protein, 10 parts of milk powder, 10 parts of glucose, 5 parts of maltose, 10 parts of white granulated sugar and 0.5 part of vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, heating and dissolving at 40 ℃ after complete hydration, and uniformly stirring to prepare a water-based base material, wherein the excipient comprises pectin;
(2) And (3) preparing oil materials: weighing 100 parts of animal fat, 1 part of emulsifier, 0.1 part of auxiliary emulsifier and 0.1 part of fat-soluble vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, stirring until the components are uniformly dispersed, and preparing an oil material, wherein the animal fat comprises beef tallow, and the emulsifier comprises sucrose ester;
s3, mixing nutrition paste forming matrix: heating the water-based base material and the oil-based material to 70 ℃ respectively, and then slowly adding the oil-based material into the water-based base material, wherein the mass ratio of the water-based base material to the oil-based material is 1:0.1, adding and homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing and emulsifying is shearing homogenizing and emulsifying, the rotating speed of the shearing homogenizing and emulsifying is 1000rpm, the time is 5min, and the system is uniform, so that a stable oil-in-water system is formed, free oil materials are avoided, and the uniform nutritional paste is obtained;
s4, sterilizing and packaging: sterilizing the nutritional paste at 65deg.C for 15min, and packaging according to production requirements.
The nutritional paste of example 1 was consumed as a ready-to-eat product with about 1 to 5g per day, depending on nutritional requirements.
Example 1 nutritional cream sensory indices are as follows:
the color is as follows: the color is yellow brown or dark brown, and is uniform;
taste and smell: aromatic flavor, and instant taste;
morphology: pasty semisolid, no phase separation phenomenon after long-term placement;
impurity: no macroscopic impurities.
Example 2
A pet nutritional paste prepared from antarctic krill active calcium is prepared by the following steps:
s1, preparing active calcium of euphausia superba:
(1) Release of calcium: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the second-stage residue of the raw material euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:10, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 20:100, stirring and homogenizing, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours at 50 ℃ with the ultrasonic treatment power of 240W to obtain antarctic krill calcium release liquid;
wherein the second-stage antarctic krill residue refers to residue left after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill lipid and the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill protein peptide, in particular to solid residue left after extracting antarctic krill powder with ethanol and carrying out enzymolysis with acid protease;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill primary residue comprises the following steps:
adding 1g/L ethanol water solution into the antarctic krill powder, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol water solution to the antarctic krill powder is 10:1, extracting for 4 hours for 3 times, and collecting extracted solid residues, namely euphausia superba primary residues;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill secondary residue comprises the following steps:
adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:5, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.1:100, uniformly stirring, then adding acid protease for enzymolysis, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 1000u/g, stirring for 4 hours at 45 ℃, and collecting solid residues after enzymolysis, namely antarctic krill secondary residues;
(2) Conversion of active calcium: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the antarctic krill calcium release solution, regulating the pH to 7.0, and then adding antarctic krill protein peptide solution, wherein the volume ratio of the antarctic krill calcium release solution to the antarctic krill protein peptide solution is 1:0.5, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours at 70 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 240W;
wherein, the euphausia superba protein peptide solution refers to a protein peptide solution obtained by pretreating first-class euphausia superba residues left after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in euphausia superba lipid, performing enzymolysis and debitterizing, refining and concentrating, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(a) Pretreatment of raw materials: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:5, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.1:100, stirring uniformly, then adding acid protease for enzymolysis, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 1000u/g, stirring for 4 hours at 45 ℃, and obtaining a treatment liquid A after the enzymolysis is finished;
(b) Enzymolysis combined debitterizing: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the treatment solution A to adjust the pH to 8.0, then adding flavourzyme and trypsin to carry out enzymolysis on the treatment solution A, wherein the concentration of the flavourzyme is 200u/g, the concentration of the trypsin is 100u/g, the enzymolysis condition is that stirring is carried out for 4 hours at 45 ℃, sugar is added into a system after the enzymolysis is finished, and the mass ratio of the sugar to the system after the enzymolysis is 10:100, heating a system to 100 ℃ after stirring and dissolving sugar comprising xylose, preserving heat for 4 hours, and cooling to room temperature after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a treatment liquid B;
(c) Refining: refining the treatment liquid B by ultrafiltration, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 2000-3000 Da, and collecting the filtered liquid after the ultrafiltration is finished to obtain the treatment liquid C;
(d) Concentrating: concentrating the treatment liquid C under reduced pressure at 90 ℃ and 0.09MPa to ensure that the solid content in a liquid system is not less than 20% to obtain a euphausia superba protein peptide solution;
(3) Refining: refining the solution after ultrasonic treatment by ultrafiltration until the trapped fluid is 1/3 of the total volume of the original solution, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 200-300 Da, and collecting the trapped fluid to obtain antarctic krill active calcium solution;
s2, constructing a nutrition paste forming matrix:
(1) Preparing a water-based base material: weighing 100 parts of euphausia superba active calcium solution, 10 parts of excipient, 30 parts of peptone, 10 parts of hydrolyzed animal protein, 20 parts of milk powder, 20 parts of glucose, 10 parts of maltose, 20 parts of white granulated sugar and 2 parts of vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, heating and dissolving at 90 ℃ after complete hydration, and uniformly stirring to prepare a water-based base material, wherein the excipient comprises gelatin;
(2) And (3) preparing oil materials: weighing 100 parts of animal fat, 10 parts of emulsifying agent, 5 parts of auxiliary emulsifying agent and 2 parts of fat-soluble vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, stirring until the components are uniformly dispersed, and preparing an oil-based material, wherein the animal fat comprises sheep oil, and the emulsifying agent comprises tween;
s3, mixing nutrition paste forming matrix: heating the water-based base material and the oil-based material to 100 ℃ respectively, and then slowly adding the oil-based material into the water-based base material, wherein the mass ratio of the water-based base material to the oil-based material is 1:0.5, adding and homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing and emulsifying is shearing homogenizing and emulsifying, the rotating speed of the shearing homogenizing and emulsifying is 30000rpm, the time is 30min, and the system is uniform, so that a stable oil-in-water system is formed, free oil materials are avoided, and the uniform nutritional paste is obtained;
s4, sterilizing and packaging: sterilizing the nutritional paste at 70deg.C for 15min, and packaging according to production requirements.
The nutritional paste of example 2 was consumed as a ready-to-eat cap, about 1-5 g per day depending on nutritional requirements.
Example 2 nutritional paste sensory indices are as follows:
the color is as follows: the color is yellow brown or dark brown, and is uniform;
taste and smell: aromatic flavor, and instant taste;
morphology: pasty semisolid, no phase separation phenomenon after long-term placement;
impurity: no macroscopic impurities.
Example 3
A pet nutritional paste prepared from antarctic krill active calcium is prepared by the following steps:
s1, preparing active calcium of euphausia superba:
(1) Release of calcium: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the second-stage residue of the raw material euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:7.5, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 15:100, stirring and homogenizing, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ with the ultrasonic treatment power of 200W to obtain antarctic krill calcium release liquid;
wherein the second-stage antarctic krill residue refers to residue left after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill lipid and the pet nutritional paste rich in antarctic krill protein peptide, in particular to solid residue left after extracting antarctic krill powder with ethanol and carrying out enzymolysis with acid protease;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill primary residue comprises the following steps:
adding 1g/L ethanol water solution into the euphausia superba powder, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol water solution to the euphausia superba powder is 6:1, extracting for 2 times for 2 hours, and collecting extracted solid residues, namely euphausia superba primary residues;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill secondary residue comprises the following steps:
adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:4, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.05:100, uniformly stirring, then adding acid protease for enzymolysis, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 800u/g, stirring for 3 hours at 40 ℃, and collecting solid residues after enzymolysis, namely antarctic krill secondary residues;
(2) Conversion of active calcium: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the antarctic krill calcium release solution, regulating the pH to 7.0, and then adding antarctic krill protein peptide solution, wherein the volume ratio of the antarctic krill calcium release solution to the antarctic krill protein peptide solution is 1:0.3, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ with the ultrasonic treatment power of 200W;
wherein, the euphausia superba protein peptide solution refers to a protein peptide solution obtained by pretreating first-class euphausia superba residues left after preparing the pet nutritional paste rich in euphausia superba lipid, performing enzymolysis and debitterizing, refining and concentrating, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
(a) Pretreatment of raw materials: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:4, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.05:100, stirring uniformly, then adding acid protease for enzymolysis, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 800u/g, stirring for 3 hours at 40 ℃, and obtaining a treatment liquid A after the enzymolysis is finished;
(b) Enzymolysis combined debitterizing: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the treatment solution A to adjust the pH to 7.5, then adding flavourzyme and trypsin to carry out enzymolysis on the treatment solution A, wherein the concentration of the flavourzyme is 150u/g, the concentration of the trypsin is 75u/g, the enzymolysis condition is that stirring is carried out for 3 hours at 40 ℃, sugar is added into a system after the enzymolysis is finished, and the mass ratio of the sugar to the system after the enzymolysis is 6:100, heating a system to 100 ℃ after stirring and dissolving sugar comprising fructose, preserving heat for 3 hours, and cooling to room temperature after the heat preservation is finished to obtain a treatment liquid B;
(c) Refining: refining the treatment liquid B by ultrafiltration, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 2000-3000 Da, and collecting the filtered liquid after the ultrafiltration is finished to obtain the treatment liquid C;
(d) Concentrating: concentrating the treatment liquid C under reduced pressure at 80 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.03 MPa to ensure that the solid content in a liquid system is not less than 20% to obtain a euphausia superba protein peptide solution;
(3) Refining: refining the solution after ultrasonic treatment by ultrafiltration until the trapped fluid is 1/4 of the total volume of the original solution, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 200-300 Da, and collecting the trapped fluid to obtain antarctic krill active calcium solution;
s2, constructing a nutrition paste forming matrix:
(1) Preparing a water-based base material: 100 parts of euphausia superba active calcium solution, 6 parts of excipient, 20 parts of peptone, 8 parts of hydrolyzed animal protein, 15 parts of milk powder, 15 parts of glucose, 7 parts of maltose, 15 parts of white granulated sugar and 1 part of vitamin are weighed according to parts by weight, and after complete hydration, the euphausia superba active calcium solution is heated and dissolved at 60 ℃ and uniformly stirred to prepare a water-based base material, wherein the excipient comprises the following components in percentage by mass: sodium alginate and agar of 1;
(2) And (3) preparing oil materials: weighing 100 parts of animal fat, 5 parts of emulsifying agent, 2.5 parts of auxiliary emulsifying agent and 1 part of fat-soluble vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, stirring until the components are uniformly dispersed, and preparing an oil-based material, wherein the animal fat comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 3 fish oil and shrimp oil, wherein the emulsifying agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1, a mono-glycerol fatty acid ester, a di-glycerol fatty acid ester;
s3, mixing nutrition paste forming matrix: heating the water-based base material and the oil-based material to 80 ℃ respectively, and then slowly adding the oil-based material into the water-based base material, wherein the mass ratio of the water-based base material to the oil-based material is 1:0.2, adding and homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing and emulsifying is shearing homogenizing and emulsifying, the rotating speed of the shearing homogenizing and emulsifying is 10000rpm, the time is 20min, and the system is uniform, so that a stable oil-in-water system is formed, free oil materials are avoided, and the uniform nutritional paste is obtained;
s4, sterilizing and packaging: sterilizing the nutritional paste at 70deg.C for 15min, and packaging according to production requirements.
Example 3 the nutritional cream was consumed as a ready-to-eat cap, about 1-5 g per day depending on nutritional requirements.
Example 3 nutritional paste sensory indices are as follows:
the color is as follows: the color is yellow brown or dark brown, and is uniform;
taste and smell: aromatic flavor, and instant taste;
morphology: pasty semisolid, no phase separation phenomenon after long-term placement;
impurity: no macroscopic impurities.
Comparative example 1
A antarctic krill active calcium solution which differs from the active calcium solution of example 3 in that comparative example 1 lacks the step of adding a antarctic krill protein peptide solution to a antarctic krill calcium diluent.
Test example 1
As test animals, 18 ICR mice were randomly divided into two groups according to body mass, which are example 3 group and comparative example 1 group, respectively. Fasted for 10 hours before feeding. Two groups of mice tested were treated with the same Ca 2+ The antarctic krill active calcium solutions prepared in step (3) of example 3 and comparative example 1 were fed at doses and with a gastric lavage volume of 10mL/kg x body weight, respectively. The feces discharged from each test group of mice for 24 hours were then collected, and the calcium content in the feces was measured separately. The calcium absorption rate was calculated as follows:
calcium absorption (%) = (calcium content in gastric juice-24 h calcium content in faeces)/calcium content in gastric juice x 100%.
The test results are shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 calcium absorption rate of example 3 and comparative example 1
| Project | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Calcium absorption rate (%) | 81.3 | 60.7 |
The test results show that the invention can obviously improve the absorption rate of calcium by adding the protein peptide solution into the calcium diluent.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications and substitutions may be made in the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and substitutions be within the scope of the present invention/be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing a pet nutritional paste using antarctic krill active calcium, the method comprising:
s1, preparing active calcium of euphausia superba:
(1) Release of calcium: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the second-stage residue of the raw material euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the raw material to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1: 5-10, wherein the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 8-20: 100, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ after stirring and homogenizing, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 160-240W, and obtaining euphausia superba calcium release liquid;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill secondary residue comprises the following steps: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:3, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.015:100, uniformly stirring, then adding acid protease for enzymolysis, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 500u/g, stirring for 2 hours at 35 ℃, and collecting solid residues after enzymolysis, namely antarctic krill secondary residues;
the specific preparation method of the antarctic krill primary residue comprises the following steps: adding 0.85g/L ethanol water solution into the euphausia superba powder, wherein the volume ratio of the ethanol water solution to the euphausia superba powder is 2:1, extracting for 0.5h for 1 time, and collecting the extracted solid residue, namely the first-stage euphausia superba residue;
(2) Conversion of active calcium: adding 1M sodium hydroxide solution into the euphausia superba calcium release solution, regulating the pH to 7.0, and then adding the euphausia superba protein peptide solution, wherein the volume ratio of the euphausia superba calcium release solution to the euphausia superba protein peptide solution is 1: 0.2-0.5, and then performing ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 hours at 50-70 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power is 160-240W;
the specific preparation method of the euphausia superba protein peptide solution comprises the following steps:
(a) Pretreatment of raw materials: adding a citric acid aqueous solution into the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba, wherein the mass ratio of the first-stage residue of the euphausia superba to the citric acid aqueous solution is 1:3, the mass ratio of citric acid to water in the citric acid aqueous solution is 0.015:100, adding acid protease for enzymolysis after uniformly stirring, wherein the concentration of the acid protease is 500u/g, stirring for 2 hours at 35 ℃ and obtaining a treatment liquid A after the enzymolysis is finished;
(b) Enzymolysis combined debitterizing: carrying out enzymolysis on the treatment liquid A by using flavourzyme and trypsin, adding sugar into a system after the enzymolysis is finished, stirring, dissolving and preserving heat to obtain a treatment liquid B;
(c) Refining: refining the treatment liquid B by ultrafiltration, and collecting filtrate to obtain treatment liquid C;
(d) Concentrating: concentrating the treatment liquid C under reduced pressure to ensure that the solid content in a liquid system is not less than 20% to obtain a euphausia superba protein peptide solution;
(3) Refining: refining the ultrasonic solution by ultrafiltration until the trapped fluid is 1/5-1/3 of the total volume of the original solution, wherein the molecular cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 200-300 Da, and collecting the trapped fluid to obtain antarctic krill active calcium solution;
s2, constructing a nutrition paste forming matrix:
(1) Preparing a water-based base material: 100 parts of euphausia superba active calcium solution, 3-10 parts of excipient, 10-30 parts of peptone, 5-10 parts of hydrolyzed animal protein, 10-20 parts of milk powder, 10-20 parts of glucose, 5-10 parts of maltose, 10-20 parts of white granulated sugar and 0.5-2 parts of vitamin are weighed according to parts by weight, mixed, heated and dissolved under the condition of 40-90 ℃ after complete hydration, and uniformly stirred to prepare a water-based base material;
the excipient comprises at least one of pectin, sodium alginate, gelatin and agar;
(2) And (3) preparing oil materials: weighing 100 parts of animal fat, 1-10 parts of emulsifying agent, 0.1-5 parts of auxiliary emulsifying agent and 0.1-2 parts of fat-soluble vitamin according to parts by weight, mixing, stirring until the components are uniformly dispersed, and preparing an oil material;
the animal fat comprises at least one of fish oil, shrimp oil, beef tallow and mutton fat;
the emulsifier comprises at least one of sucrose ester, polyglycerol stearate, monoglyceride fatty acid ester, diglycerol fatty acid ester, tween and lecithin;
s3, mixing nutrition paste forming matrix: heating the water-based base material and the oil-based material to 70-100 ℃ respectively, and then slowly adding the oil-based material into the water-based base material, wherein the mass ratio of the water-based base material to the oil-based material is 1:0.1 to 0.5, adding and homogenizing to emulsify until the system is uniform, forming a stable oil-in-water system without free oil materials, and obtaining the uniform nutritional paste.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the homogenizing emulsification is shear homogenizing emulsification at a rotational speed of 1000 to 30000rpm for a time of 5 to 30 minutes.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising S4 sterilizing, packaging: sterilizing the nutritional paste at 65-70 ℃ for 15min, and then sub-packaging according to production requirements.
4. A pet nutritional paste prepared by the method of claim 1.
5. The nutritional paste of claim 4, wherein the mass fraction of the active calcium in the krill s is not less than 500mg/kg.
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