CN112576674A

CN112576674A - Floating type blade shimmy damper for automobile

Info

Publication number: CN112576674A
Application number: CN202011593116.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭玉东; 孟庆华; 郭龙川; 慎智勇; 赵鑫; 康志彬; 郑和洋; 文凯凯
Original assignee: Hangzhou Dianzi University
Current assignee: Hangzhou Dianzi University
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-29
Also published as: CN112576674B

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating type blade shimmy damper for an automobile. The shimmy phenomenon is widely present in various vehicles. The invention comprises a shell, a transmission module and a clutch type damping module. The transmission module comprises a central shaft, a rack and a gear. The clutch type damping module comprises a clutch and a rotary damper. The damper input shaft in the rotary damper is connected to the opposite end of the central shaft by a clutch. The clutch comprises a clutch inner rotating disc, a centrifugal friction assembly and a clutch outer ring. The centrifugal friction assembly comprises a sliding block, a sliding block return spring, a friction plate, a linkage sliding groove, a clutch guide rail and a connecting rod.

Description

Floating type blade shimmy damper for automobile

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of controlling the shimmy of automobile wheels, and particularly relates to a floating type blade shimmy damper for an automobile.

Background

In recent years, with the increasing amount of automobiles kept, the problems of vehicle vibration, tire wear, reduction in comfort and deterioration in driving safety caused by wheel shimmy of automobiles have been concentrated on the owners of automobiles.

Shimmy of an automobile generally refers to the phenomenon that when the automobile runs on a straight road, a front wheel continuously vibrates around a wheel kingpin with a certain amplitude and frequency. The shimmy phenomenon is widely existed in various vehicles, namely joint wagons, independent brand vehicles and imported vehicles, front independent suspension and front non-independent suspension automobiles, and even on railway wagon bogies and airplane landing gears.

The vibration caused by shimmy of the steering wheel is transmitted to the steering wheel through a steering system, so that the steering load is increased, obvious vibration of a vehicle can be caused in severe cases, the abrasion of tires is accelerated, the service life of parts is reduced, the riding comfort, the operation stability, the driving safety and the fuel economy of the automobile are deteriorated, and therefore the shimmy is very harmful to the automobile and is avoided as much as possible in design and production.

The existing shimmy damper is generally a piston type shimmy damper, when the front wheel generates shimmy, a connecting mechanism of the shimmy damper can drive a piston body to do reciprocating motion in a cavity, so that fluid generates resistance when passing through a damping hole, the shimmy is restrained, mechanical energy generated by the shimmy is converted into heat energy to be dissipated, and the shimmy damper plays a role in shimmy damping. Because no device for actively adjusting damping is arranged, when a large impact load is met, the damping effect is very poor, and the overload phenomenon often occurs. In addition, current shimmy dampers cannot identify wheel shimmy caused by external disturbances or wheel wobble due to artificial steering. Therefore, the common shimmy damper can only respond to local motion, and cannot achieve self-adaptive shimmy damping, so that the requirement of the automobile shimmy damper is difficult to meet.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a floating type blade shimmy damper for an automobile.

The invention relates to a floating type blade shimmy damper for an automobile, which comprises a shell, a transmission module and a clutch type damping module. The transmission module comprises a central shaft, a rack and a gear. The central shaft is supported in the shell; the gear is fixed on the central shaft. The outer end of the rack extends out of the shell. The gear is meshed with the rack. The clutch type damping module comprises a clutch and a rotary damper. The damper input shaft in the rotary damper is connected to the opposite end of the central shaft by a clutch.

The clutch comprises a clutch inner rotating disc, a centrifugal friction assembly and a clutch outer ring. The clutch inner rotating disc is fixed with the end part of the central shaft; the clutch outer ring is fixed with the damper input shaft in the rotary damper. One or more centrifugal friction components are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the clutch inner rotary disk. The clutch outer ring is sleeved outside each centrifugal friction assembly. The centrifugal friction assembly comprises a sliding block, a sliding block return spring, a friction plate, a brake shoe, a linkage sliding groove, a clutch guide rail and a connecting rod. The clutch guide rail is fixed on the clutch inner rotating disc and is arranged along the radial direction of the clutch inner rotating disc. One end of the brake shoe is hinged with the clutch inner rotating disc. The brake shoe is provided with a linkage sliding groove. The sliding block and the clutch guide rail form a sliding pair. The sliding block is connected with the clutch inner rotating disc through a sliding block return spring. One end of the connecting rod is hinged with the sliding block; the other end is provided with a cylindrical pin; the cylindrical pins respectively extend into the linkage sliding grooves on the brake shoes.

Preferably, the clutch type damping modules are two in total. The two clutch type damping modules are respectively connected with two ends of the central shaft.

Preferably, the rotary damper includes a damper input shaft, a floating vane return spring, a floating vane, and a damper housing. Damping liquid is arranged in the damper shell. The damper housing is fixed to the inner cavity of the housing. The inner end of the damper input shaft is provided with a blade mounting disc. The blade mounting disc is positioned in the shell, and a plurality of floating blades are mounted on the outer circumferential surface. The outer end of the damper input shaft extends out of the damper shell and is fixed with the clutch outer ring.

Preferably, a plurality of blade mounting grooves are uniformly formed in the outer circumferential surface of the blade mounting disc. All sliding connection has floating vane in each blade mounting groove. The inner end of the floating blade is connected with the bottom of the blade mounting groove through a floating blade return spring. The outer ends of the floating blades extend out of the blade mounting disc.

Preferably, a threaded port is formed at the top of the damper shell; the threaded opening is provided with a sealing bolt.

Preferably, the clutch outer ring is rotatably connected with the end part of the central shaft through a second bearing; a sleeve (10) is arranged between the second bearing and the shaft shoulder of the central shaft.

Preferably, two friction plates are included in one centrifugal friction assembly; the two friction plates are respectively arranged at two sides of the outer end of the clutch guide rail. The opposite ends of the two friction plates are hinged with the clutch inner rotary disc.

Preferably, the outer edge of the brake shoe is connected with a friction plate through a fixing rivet.

Preferably, the shell is provided with a rotating support. When mounted to a vehicle, the swivel mounts form a revolute pair with the axle of the vehicle. The outer end of the rack is hinged with the wheel swing arm.

Preferably, the dovetail groove formed on the back surface of the rack and the dovetail groove slide rail in the inner cavity of the housing form a sliding pair.

Preferably, the part of the rack extending out of the shell is sleeved with a dustproof sleeve.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the clutch which automatically performs clutch control according to the rotating speed is designed according to the difference between the speed of the swing arm movement during the swing shock and the speed of the swing arm movement during the normal steering, so that the wheel swing shock and the normal steering are distinguished by a pure mechanical structure, and the swing shock is inhibited on the premise of avoiding influencing the normal steering.

2. The invention makes innovation on the principle of the damper, realizes the automatic adjustment of the position of the floating blade by utilizing the floating blade, the return spring and the power input shaft mechanism, and improves the effect of reducing the swing.

3. The invention makes innovation on the structure of the clutch, designs the novel eight-hoof type clutch mechanism, can increase the contact area between the clutch and the outer ring of the clutch, and improves the transmission effect of the clutch.

4. The invention makes innovation on the structure of the shimmy damper and designs a symmetrical installation mode. The gravity center of the whole shimmy damper is kept on the central line of the gear and the rack, and the working reliability of the whole shimmy damper is improved.

5. The invention is structurally innovative, two dampers are designed, the contact area of the blade and the damping liquid is increased, and the performance of the shimmy damper is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a transmission module of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotary damper according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the clutch of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a floating type blade shimmy damper for an automobile comprises a housing 1, a transmission module and two clutch type damping modules. The transmission module comprises a central shaft 9, a rack 2 and a gear 3. The shell 1 is provided with a rotary support 1-3. The rotating supports 1-3 and the axle of the vehicle form a rotating pair. The central shaft is supported in the housing 1 by two first bearings 12; the gear wheel 3 is fixed to the central shaft 9 by means of a first flat key 13. A dovetail groove 2-2 arranged on the back of the rack 2 and a dovetail groove slide rail 1-4 in the inner cavity of the shell 1 form a sliding pair. The gear 3 is engaged with the rack 2. The outer end of the rack 2 extends out of the shell 1 and is sleeved with a dustproof sleeve 4. The outer end of the rack 2 is hinged with the wheel swing arm, and the wheel swing is restrained by restraining the swing of the wheel swing arm. The two clutch type damping modules are respectively arranged on two sides of the gear 3.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clutch-type damping module includes a clutch 5 and a rotary damper 6. The damper input shaft 6-1 in the rotary damper 6 is connected to the opposite end of the center shaft 9 through a clutch 5. The rotary damper 6 is arranged at the end part of the inner cavity of the shell 1 and comprises a damper input shaft 6-1, a floating blade return spring 6-2, a floating blade 6-3, a damper shell 6-4, a sealing bolt 6-5, a fastening bolt 6-6, a damper end cover 6-7, a damper sealing ring 6-8 and a damper end cover sealing gasket 6-9. Damping fluid is arranged in the damper shell 6-4. The top of the damper shell 6-4 is provided with a threaded port; the threaded opening is provided with a sealing bolt 6-5. The damper housing 6-4 is fixed to the inner cavity of the housing 1. The inward opening of the damper shell 6-4 is fixed with the damper end cover 6-7 through a damper end cover sealing gasket 6-9 and a bolt. The damper input shaft 6-1 penetrates through a central hole of a damper end cover sealing gasket 6-9 and is sealed through a damper sealing ring 6-8. The inner end of the damper input shaft 6-1 is provided with a blade mounting disc. A plurality of blade mounting grooves are uniformly formed in the outer circumferential surface of the blade mounting disc. Each blade mounting groove is internally connected with a floating blade 6-3 in a sliding way. The inner end of the floating blade 6-3 is connected with the bottom of the blade mounting groove through a floating blade return spring 6-2. The outer end of the floating blade 6-3 extends out of the blade mounting disc; the faster the rotational speed of the damper input shaft 6-1, the longer the length of the floating blade 6-3 that protrudes under centrifugal action, thereby increasing the resistance of the rotary damper 6. The return spring 6-2 can enable the floating blade 6-3 to reset after moving outwards in the radial direction, and the four uniformly distributed floating blades 6-3 can increase the contact area of the blades and the damping liquid and increase the damping effect. The floating blades 6-3 can float up and down in the blade grooves, and self-adaptive adjustment of the shimmy damper is achieved. The function is that the holistic atress of shimmy damper is kept balanced in the during operation, and collocation shimmy damper is when the atress, with two blocks of rack atress power split, increases the total area of contact of blade also damping fluid, increases the resistance that whole center pin received, reduces whole swing matrix frequency to improve the damping effect of shimmy damper.

The clutch 5 comprises a clutch inner rotary disc 5-1, a centrifugal friction assembly and a clutch outer ring 5-9. The clutch inner rotating disc 5-1 and the end part of the central shaft 9 are fixed through a second flat key 11; the clutch outer ring 5-9 is connected with the corresponding damper input shaft 6-1 through a third flat key 7. The clutch outer rings 5-9 are rotationally connected with the end part of the central shaft 9 through a second bearing 8; a sleeve 10 is arranged between the second bearing and the shoulder of the central shaft 9. Four centrifugal friction components are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the clutch inner rotating disc 5-1. The clutch outer rings 5-9 are sleeved outside the four centrifugal friction assemblies. The centrifugal friction assembly comprises 5-8 parts of a sliding block, 5-7 parts of a sliding block return spring, 5-2 parts of a friction plate, 5-3 parts of a fixing rivet, 5-4 parts of a brake shoe, 5-5 parts of a linkage sliding groove, 5-6 parts of a clutch guide rail and 5-10 parts of a connecting rod. The clutch guide rail 5-6 is fixed on the clutch inner rotary disc 5-1 and is arranged along the radial direction of the clutch inner rotary disc 5-1. Two brake shoes 5-4 are respectively arranged at two sides of the outer end of the clutch guide rail 5-6. The opposite ends of the two brake shoes 5-4 are hinged with the clutch inner rotary disc 5-1. The outer edges of the two brake shoes 5-4 are connected with friction plates 5-2 through fixing rivets 5-3. The two brake shoes 5-4 are both provided with arc-shaped linkage sliding grooves 5-5. The sliding blocks 5-8 and the clutch guide rails 5-6 form a sliding pair. The slide block 5-8 is connected with the inner end of the clutch guide rail 5-6 through a slide block return spring 5-7. One end of each connecting rod 5-10 is hinged with the corresponding sliding block 5-8; the other ends are provided with a cylindrical pin; cylindrical pins on the two connecting rods 5-10 respectively extend into the linkage chutes 5-5 on the two friction plates 5-2; when the slide blocks 5-8 slide outwards under the centrifugal action, the two brake shoes 5-4 are driven to turn outwards. So that the friction plate 5-2 is propped against the inner side surface of the clutch outer ring 5-9, and the linkage of the clutch inner rotary disc 5-1 and the clutch outer ring 5-9 is realized by utilizing the friction force. Eight brake shoes 5-4 which are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the inner rotating disc 5-1 can increase the contact area between the friction plate 5-2 and the clutch outer ring 5-9, so that the working efficiency of the clutch is higher.

The function of the clutch 5 is to determine what cause the shimmy is caused and to transmit the power transmitted by the gear to the clutch outer ring 5-9. The judgment is based on the fact that the frequency is very high when the wheel shakes, and the speed transmitted to the central shaft of the gear is higher than the speed transmitted to the central shaft during normal steering. When the clutch inner rotating disc 5-1 of the clutch 5 rotates, the sliding block 5-8 overcomes the elastic force of the sliding block return spring 5-7 to slide outwards, and the brake shoe 5-4 turns outwards; when the rotating speed of the clutch inner rotating disc 5-1 exceeds a threshold value, the friction plate 5-2 is turned outwards to be in contact with the clutch outer ring 5-9, the friction force is opposite to the rotating direction of the clutch 5, the brake shoe 5-4 can be further opened, the pressure between the brake shoe 5-4 and the clutch outer ring 5-9 is increased, and the clutch outer ring 5-9 rotates along with the clutch inner rotating disc 5-1. The clutch outer ring 5-9 drives the floating blade 6-3 in the rotary damper 6 to rotate, and damping force for inhibiting oscillation is generated.

As a preferred technical scheme, the shell 1 consists of an upper cover body 1-1 and a lower base 1-2 which are butted, and the middle parts are connected by fastening bolts. A dovetail groove 2-2 arranged on the back of the rack 2 is connected with a dovetail guide rail 1-4 in the lower base 1-2 in a sliding way. The rack 2 and the lower base 1-2 are sealed by the dustproof sleeve 4 outside the lower base 1-2, so that muddy water and granular substances can be prevented from entering the interior of the shimmy damper 1. The working reliability of the shimmy damper 1 is ensured.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

when the steering is performed manually, the vibration frequency of the wheels is small, and after the wheels are converted by the gear 3 and the rack 2, the rotating speed of the central shaft 9 is small. When the rotating speed is low, the centrifugal force applied to the sliding blocks 5-8 on the clutch 5 is small, the sliding distance of the sliding blocks 5 is not enough to push the brake shoes 5-4 to be completely opened, and the brake shoes 5-4 and the clutch outer ring 5-9 cannot be in contact with each other to generate friction force, so that the clutch outer ring and the clutch move synchronously; when the external interference occurs, the vibration frequency of the wheel is high, and after the wheel is converted by the gear 3 and the rack 2, the rotating speed of the central shaft 9 is high. The centrifugal force applied to the sliding blocks 5-8 on the clutch 5 is large when the rotating speed is low, and the spring force of the return springs 5-7 can be overcome. The sliding block 5 slides outwards, the connecting rod 5-10 on the sliding block 5 pushes the brake shoe 5-4 to be opened, the brake shoe 5-4 is in contact with the clutch outer ring 5-9 to generate friction force, the clutch outer ring and the clutch move synchronously, and the clutch 5 starts to work. Therefore, the clutch can automatically detect whether the wheel shimmy caused by artificial steering or the wheel shimmy caused by external interference is caused according to the rotating speed of the central shaft.

When the wheel shakes, the clutch automatically connects the central shaft with the rotary damper 6, the floating blades 6-3 in the rotary damper 6 rotate in the damping liquid to generate damping force for inhibiting the shaking, and the faster the rotation is, the longer the extending amount of the floating blades 6-3 is, so that the damping force can be automatically adjusted according to the intensity of the shaking.

Claims

1. A floating type blade shimmy damper for an automobile comprises a shell (1), a transmission module and a clutch type damping module; the method is characterized in that: the transmission module comprises a central shaft (9), a rack (2) and a gear (3); the central shaft is supported in the shell (1); the gear (3) is fixed on the central shaft (9); the outer end of the rack (2) extends out of the shell (1); the gear (3) is meshed with the rack (2); the clutch type damping module comprises a clutch (5) and a rotary damper (6); a damper input shaft (6-1) in the rotary damper (6) is connected with the opposite end of the central shaft (9) through a clutch (5);

the clutch (5) comprises a clutch inner rotary disc (5-1), a centrifugal friction assembly and a clutch outer ring (5-9); the clutch inner rotating disc (5-1) is fixed with the end part of the central shaft (9); the clutch outer ring (5-9) is fixed with a damper input shaft (6-1) in the rotary damper (6); one or more centrifugal friction components are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the clutch inner rotating disc (5-1); the clutch outer rings (5-9) are sleeved outside the centrifugal friction components; the centrifugal friction assembly comprises a sliding block (5-8), a sliding block return spring (5-7), a friction plate (5-2), a linkage sliding groove (5-5), a clutch guide rail (5-6) and a connecting rod (5-10); the clutch guide rail (5-6) is fixed on the clutch inner rotating disc (5-1) and is arranged along the radial direction of the clutch inner rotating disc (5-1); one end of the brake shoe (5-4) is hinged with the clutch inner rotary disc (5-1); the brake shoe (5-4) is provided with a linkage sliding groove (5-5); the sliding blocks (5-8) and the clutch guide rails (5-6) form a sliding pair; the sliding block (5-8) is connected with the clutch inner rotating disc (5-1) through a sliding block return spring (5-7); one end of the connecting rod (5-10) is hinged with the sliding block (5-8); the other end is provided with a cylindrical pin; the cylindrical pins respectively extend into the linkage sliding grooves (5-5) on the brake shoes (5-4).

2. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: the number of the clutch type damping modules is two; the two clutch type damping modules are respectively connected with two ends of the central shaft (9).

3. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: the rotary damper (6) comprises a damper input shaft (6-1), a floating blade return spring (6-2), a floating blade (6-3) and a damper shell (6-4); damping liquid is arranged in the damper shell (6-4); the damper shell (6-4) is fixed with the inner cavity of the shell (1); the inner end of the damper input shaft (6-1) is provided with a blade mounting disc; the blade mounting disc is positioned in the shell (1), and a plurality of floating blades (6-3) are mounted on the outer circumferential surface; the outer end of the damper input shaft (6-1) extends out of the damper shell (6-4) and is fixed with the clutch outer ring (5-9).

4. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: a plurality of blade mounting grooves are uniformly formed in the outer circumferential surface of the blade mounting disc; each blade mounting groove is internally connected with a floating blade (6-3) in a sliding way; the inner end of the floating blade (6-3) is connected with the bottom of the blade mounting groove through a floating blade return spring (6-2); the outer ends of the floating blades (6-3) extend out of the blade mounting disc.

5. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: the top of the damper shell (6-4) is provided with a threaded port; the threaded opening is provided with a sealing bolt (6-5).

6. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: the clutch outer ring (5-9) is rotationally connected with the end part of the central shaft (9) through a second bearing (8); a sleeve (10) is arranged between the second bearing and the shaft shoulder of the central shaft (9).

7. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: a centrifugal friction assembly comprises two brake shoes (5-4); the two brake shoes (5-4) are respectively arranged at the two sides of the outer ends of the clutch guide rails (5-6); the opposite ends of the two brake shoes (5-4) are hinged with the clutch inner rotary disc (5-1).

8. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: the outer edge of the brake shoe (5-4) is connected with a friction plate (5-2) through a fixing rivet (5-3).

9. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: a rotary support (1-3) is arranged on the shell (1); when the rotary support is installed on a vehicle, the rotary support (1-3) and an axle of the vehicle form a revolute pair; the outer end of the rack (2) is hinged with the wheel swing arm.

10. A floating blade shimmy damper for automobiles according to claim 1 characterized in that: a dovetail groove (2-2) arranged on the back of the rack (2) and a dovetail groove slide rail (1-4) in the inner cavity of the shell (1) form a sliding pair; the part of the rack (2) extending out of the shell (1) is sleeved with a dustproof sleeve (4).