CN109109568B

CN109109568B - Ultra-long driving shaft

Info

Publication number: CN109109568B
Application number: CN201810819668.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 文朝波
Original assignee: Hangzhou Tinbo Auto Parts Co ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Tinbo Auto Parts Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-07-24
Filing date: 2018-07-24
Publication date: 2021-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-24
Also published as: CN109109568A

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultralong driving shaft and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of driving shafts and comprising a chassis frame, wherein an ultralong driving shaft assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the chassis frame, a plurality of driving axles in movable contact with the ultralong driving shaft assembly are arranged on the side edge of the ultralong driving shaft assembly, the ultralong driving shaft assembly comprises a driving shaft, a plurality of supporting frames in sleeve joint with the driving shaft are arranged between the driving shaft and the chassis frame, a bevel gear I in sleeve joint with the driving shaft is respectively arranged at the middle part and the end part of the driving shaft, the bevel gear I is meshed with the driving axles, a fixing plate fixed with the chassis frame is arranged at the upper end of a buffering shock absorption piece, and a. The ultra-long driving shaft has the characteristics of simple structure, large torque, labor saving in driving and long service cycle, improves the stability and the controllability of a vehicle in the operation process, solves the problems of deflection deformation, shaft jumping, shear stress overload and short service cycle by the preparation method, and reduces the processing cost.

Description

Ultra-long driving shaft

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of driving shafts, in particular to an ultra-long driving shaft and a preparation method thereof.

Background

When a truck is started, the engine can generate power and transmit the power to the gearbox, the power is converted into low-rotation-speed large-torque power through a gear in the gearbox, and then the low-rotation-speed large-torque power is transmitted to the driving rear axle through the transmission shaft, the driving rear axle drives the driving rear wheel to rotate, and then the truck moves. The small-sized truck generally adopts a front engine drive, the large-sized truck adopts a front rear drive, and when the load is heavy, the power consumed by the truck is excessive, and the driving stability is poor.

The disadvantages of front wheel drive are: because the front wheels are in charge of driving the vehicle and steering the vehicle, and the front axle is overloaded, the gravity center of the front part of the vehicle driven by the front wheels can move forwards due to inertia when the vehicle is bent too much, so that the ground adhesion of the front wheels is easy to break through, and the insufficient steering can occur when the rear wheels do not have power, namely what is commonly called push heads.

The disadvantages of rear wheel drive are: the manufacturing cost is higher, the space utilization is inconvenient, and meanwhile, when the automobile turns, if the rotating speed of the rear wheel is higher than that of the front wheel, the situation of over-steering, namely what we say, tail flick, can occur.

When the truck is unloaded and fully loaded, how to better realize the driving performance of the truck, enhance the turning stability of the truck, eliminate the potential safety hazard of the running of the truck and improve the economic benefit.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the defects of large driving force consumption, low kinetic energy conversion rate, large deflection deformation and unstable axial runout in the prior art, and provides the ultra-long driving shaft and the preparation method thereof.

The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:

an overlong driving shaft comprises a chassis frame, wherein an overlong driving shaft assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the chassis frame, a plurality of driving axles in movable contact with the overlong driving shaft assembly are arranged on the side edge of the overlong driving shaft assembly, the overlong driving shaft assembly comprises a driving shaft, a plurality of supporting frames in sleeve joint with the driving shaft are arranged between the driving shaft and the chassis frame, a bevel gear I in sleeve joint with the driving shaft is respectively arranged in the middle and at the end of the driving shaft, and the bevel gear I is meshed with the driving axles;

the support frame comprises a buffering damping piece, a fixing plate fixed with the chassis frame is arranged at the upper end of the buffering damping piece, a bearing seat movably sleeved with the driving shaft is arranged at the lower end of the buffering damping piece, and a rolling bearing is arranged between the bearing seat and the driving shaft.

The support frame adopts antifriction bearing's the mode of cup jointing to be fixed in the chassis underframe lower extreme with the drive shaft, and the support frame plays support and cushioning effect to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is rotatory to carry out power transmission through I movable drive transaxle of bevel gear. The buffering effect of the supporting frame when the load and the road surface bump is realized by the buffering shock absorption piece, the disturbance intensity and the rotation coaxiality of the driving shaft are improved, the fatigue accumulation of axial jumping and shearing stress is reduced, the consumption of the driving shaft in torque transmission is reduced, and the service life of the driving shaft is prolonged.

Preferably, the drive axle comprises a bevel gear II, the bevel gear II is in phase shift contact with the bevel gear I, an annular piston oil cylinder is arranged at the back of the bevel gear II, and a transmission shaft which is sleeved with the annular piston oil cylinder in the same axis is arranged on the end face of the annular piston oil cylinder.

According to the road surface condition and the load capacity, the annular piston oil cylinder drives the bevel gear II to be meshed with and separated from the bevel gear I, so that the kinetic energy consumption of the vehicle in no-load is reduced; and when the bumpy road surface and the heavy load are ensured, the turning stability of the vehicle is enhanced, and the potential safety hazard of the driving of the truck is eliminated.

Preferably, the tooth surface conicity of the bevel gear I and the bevel gear II is 45 degrees.

Bevel gear I and bevel gear II are 45 degrees taper mesh, realize the vertical angle transmission of drive power, guarantee bevel gear I and II complex validity of bevel gear.

Preferably, the buffering and damping part comprises a plurality of buffering blocks, the end faces of the buffering blocks are fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate, the outer walls of the buffering blocks are provided with buffering cylinder bodies which are embedded with the buffering blocks in a sealing mode, the upper ends of the buffering cylinder bodies are provided with buffering springs which are sleeved with the buffering blocks, and the bottoms of the inner cavities of the buffering cylinder bodies are provided with pressure detectors.

The buffer block adopts the water filled in the buffer cylinder body to be embedded with the buffer block in a sealing way, and the pressure born by the buffer block is transmitted to the compressed water to carry out flexible buffering. The pressure value generated after the water in the buffer cylinder body is compressed is collected by the pressure detector at the bottom and is sent to the vehicle-mounted system, and the combination form of meshing and separating the bevel gear I and the bevel gear II is realized according to the pressure condition. When pressure is too big, increase buffer spring and assist the buffer block and realize buffering shock attenuation, the annular flange at final buffering cylinder body middle part is spacing to the buffer block, prevents that water pressure increases suddenly to influence the life of buffering shock attenuation piece. The heat that produces when the drive shaft drives transaxle synchronous revolution plays radiating effect through hydroenergy, alleviates the harm to the transmission piece that generates heat, prolongs life cycle.

Preferably, the preparation method of the ultra-long driving shaft comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: machining and molding of the driving shaft: the method comprises the following steps of roughly machining a driving shaft blank with the length of 10-15 m by adopting a turning and milling process, turning the outer wall of the roughly machined driving shaft after quenching and tempering to reserve allowance to reach the required size, milling a gear key groove according to installation requirements, and turning a gear clamp spring annular groove and a bearing clamp spring annular groove.

Step two: and (3) processing and forming of the support frame: the bearing frame is forged through the die sinking, and the shock attenuation piece is installed to equidistant installation in proper order on the bearing frame, the shock attenuation piece upper end fixedly connected with the unanimous fixed plate of bearing frame length width, with antifriction bearing scarf joint in the bearing frame.

Step three: assembling and forming a drive axle: the bevel gear II is connected with the piston end face of the annular piston oil cylinder to form an integral body, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the tail end of the annular piston oil cylinder, and one end of the transmission shaft is in spline sleeve joint with the outer ball cage of the universal joint on the wheel.

Step four: welding and forming of the chassis frame: a chassis frame with the length of 15-20 m is formed by welding channel steel and rectangular steel, the welding groove between the channel steel and the rectangular steel is 45 degrees, and rib plates are arranged in the channel steel at equal intervals.

Step five: and (3) integral assembly: a plurality of support frames are assembled at the bottom of the chassis frame, the driving shaft is sequentially sleeved with the plurality of support frames, a plurality of bevel gears I and a plurality of driving axles, and the plurality of support frames and the plurality of bevel gears I are limited and fixed in clamp spring grooves in the clamping spring clamp and the driving shaft.

As preferred, cushion cylinder body inner chamber bore hole just is equipped with the spacing buffer block of bulge loop, and the outer wall of buffer block and the contact of cushion cylinder body is equipped with the sealing member and seals, highly is less than the buffer block up end during buffer spring assembly, and the effective stroke of buffer block in the cushion cylinder body is 35mm ~ 50 mm.

Buffer spring plays the speed that slows down the buffer block pressurized decline, and the protruding ring is spacing to the buffer block in the buffer cylinder body, prevents that too big direct oppression of pressurized from to buffer cylinder body bottom. The sealing member seals buffer block and buffer cylinder body contact surface, guarantees that the buffer cylinder body water-logging does not ooze and influences buffering effect.

The invention can achieve the following effects:

when the vehicle is in no-load, the pressure value in the buffering damping part is small, the driving shaft does not rotate, the bevel gear I and the bevel gear II are in a separated state, and the vehicle can run only by means of front wheel driving; when the vehicle is in a half-load state or a climbing state, the pressure value in the buffering damping part is increased and is within the range, the bevel gear I in the middle of the driving shaft is meshed with the bevel gear II, the bevel gear I at the tail part is separated from the bevel gear II, and the driving shaft rotates to drive the wheels in the middle to increase the vehicle power; when the vehicle is fully loaded, the pressure value in the buffering damping part is close to the peak value, the bevel gears I and II at the middle part and the tail part of the driving shaft are meshed, and the driving shaft rotates to drive all the rear wheels to drive the vehicle to carry out power driving. According to the vehicle load and the road surface condition, the power drive of the vehicle is effectively adjusted, unnecessary energy consumption is reduced, and the stability and the controllability in the vehicle running process are improved.

Compared with the prior art, the ultra-long driving shaft and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of simple structure, large torque, labor saving in driving and long service cycle, improve the stability and controllability of the vehicle in the running process, and realize the preparation method of the ultra-long driving shaft by using the vehicle driving.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front partial schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the drive shaft and the transaxle in the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the stand of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a shock-absorbing member of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a chassis frame 1, an ultra-long driving shaft assembly 2, a driving axle 3, a supporting frame 4, a driving shaft 5, a bevel gear I6, a transmission shaft 7, an annular piston oil cylinder 8, a bevel gear II 9, a fixing plate 10, a buffering shock absorption piece 11, a bearing seat 12, a rolling bearing 13, a buffer block 14, a buffer spring 15, a buffer cylinder body 16 and a pressure detector 17.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): as shown in the figures, an ultra-long driving shaft comprises a chassis frame 1, and is characterized in that: the bottom end of the chassis frame 1 is provided with an overlength driving shaft component 2, the overlength driving shaft component 2 comprises a driving shaft 5, the middle part and the end part of the driving shaft 5 are respectively provided with a bevel gear I6 which is sleeved with the driving shaft 5, the bevel gear I6 is meshed with a driving axle 3, 4 supporting frames 4 which are sleeved with the driving shaft 5 are arranged between the driving shaft 5 and the chassis frame 1, each supporting frame 4 comprises a buffering damping part 11, each buffering damping part 11 comprises a pair of buffer blocks 14 which are symmetrically distributed, the end surfaces of the buffer blocks 14 are fixed with the bottom of a fixing plate 10, the outer walls of the buffer blocks 14 are provided with buffer cylinder bodies 16 which are in sealed embedding connection with the buffer blocks 14, the upper ends of the buffer cylinder bodies 16 are provided with buffer springs 15 which are sleeved with the buffer blocks 14, the bottom of the inner cavities of the buffer cylinder bodies 16 is provided with a pressure detector 17, the upper ends of the buffering damping parts 11 are, a rolling bearing 13 is arranged between the bearing seat 12 and the driving shaft 5; two sets of drive axles 3 in movable contact with the overlength drive shaft assembly 2 are arranged on the side edge of the overlength drive shaft assembly, each drive axle 3 comprises a bevel gear II 9, the bevel gears II 9 are in phase shift contact with the bevel gears I6, the tooth surface tapers of the bevel gears I6 and the bevel gears II 9 are 45 degrees, annular piston oil cylinders 8 are arranged on the back parts of the bevel gears II 9, and transmission shafts 7 which are in sleeve joint with the annular piston oil cylinders 8 in the same axis are arranged on the end faces of the annular piston oil cylinders 8.

The preparation method of the ultra-long driving shaft comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: machining and molding the driving shaft 5: the method comprises the following steps of roughly machining a blank of a driving shaft 5 with the length of 12m by adopting a turning and milling process, turning the outer wall of the roughly machined driving shaft 5 after quenching and tempering to reserve allowance to reach the required size, milling a gear key groove according to installation requirements, and turning a gear clamp spring annular groove and a bearing clamp spring annular groove.

Step two: and (3) processing and forming of the support frame 4: forging a bearing seat 12 by opening a die, sequentially mounting buffer shock-absorbing pieces 11 on the bearing seat 12 at equal intervals, fixedly connecting the upper ends of the buffer shock-absorbing pieces 11 with a fixing plate 10 with the same length and width as the bearing seat 12, and embedding a rolling bearing 13 into the bearing seat 12; 16 inner chamber bores a hole and is equipped with the spacing buffer block 14 of bulge loop, and the outer wall of buffer block 14 and the contact of buffer cylinder 16 is equipped with the sealing member and seals, highly is less than the buffer block 14 up end when buffer spring 15 assembles, and the buffer block 14 is 45mm at the effective stroke in buffer cylinder 16.

Step three: assembling and forming the drive axle 3: the bevel gear II 9 is connected with the piston end face of the annular piston oil cylinder 8 to form an integral body, the transmission shaft 7 is fixedly connected with the tail end of the annular piston oil cylinder 8, and one end of the transmission shaft 7 is in spline sleeve joint with an outer ball cage of a universal joint on a wheel.

Step four: welding and forming the chassis frame 1: a chassis frame 1 with the length of 16m is formed by welding channel steel and rectangular steel, the welding groove between the channel steel and the rectangular steel is 45 degrees, and rib plates are arranged in the channel steel at equal intervals.

Step five: and (3) integral assembly: with a plurality of support frames 4 assembly and chassis underframe 1 bottom, drive shaft 5 cup joints with four sets of support frames 4, a pair of bevel gear I6 and two sets of transaxles 3 mutually in proper order, and the rethread jump ring card carries out spacing fixed to four sets of support frames 4 and a pair of bevel gear I6 with the jump ring inslot on the drive shaft 5.

In conclusion, the ultra-long driving shaft has the characteristics of simple structure, large torque, labor saving in driving and long service cycle, and improves the stability and the controllability in the running process of the vehicle; the preparation method of the ultra-long driving shaft solves the problems of deflection deformation, shaft jumping, shear stress overload and short service cycle, and reduces the processing cost.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. An overlength drive shaft, includes chassis underframe (1), its characterized in that: the bottom end of the chassis frame (1) is provided with an overlong driving shaft assembly (2), the side edge of the overlong driving shaft assembly (2) is provided with a plurality of driving axles (3) in movable contact with the overlong driving shaft assembly (2), the overlong driving shaft assembly (2) comprises a driving shaft (5), a plurality of supporting frames (4) which are sleeved with the driving shaft (5) are arranged between the driving shaft (5) and the chassis frame (1), the middle part and the end part of the driving shaft (5) are respectively provided with a bevel gear I (6) which is sleeved with the driving shaft (5), and the bevel gear I (6) is meshed with the driving axles (3);

the drive axle (3) comprises a bevel gear II (9), the bevel gear II (9) is in phase shift contact with the bevel gear I (6), an annular piston oil cylinder (8) is arranged at the back of the bevel gear II (9), and a transmission shaft (7) which is sleeved with the annular piston oil cylinder (8) in the same axis is arranged on the end face of the annular piston oil cylinder (8); the tooth surface conicity of the bevel gear I (6) and the bevel gear II (9) is 45 degrees;

the supporting frame (4) comprises a buffering and damping piece (11), a fixing plate (10) fixed with the chassis frame (1) is arranged at the upper end of the buffering and damping piece (11), a bearing seat (12) movably sleeved with the driving shaft (5) is arranged at the lower end of the buffering and damping piece (11), and a rolling bearing (13) is arranged between the bearing seat (12) and the driving shaft (5);

the damping piece (11) comprises a plurality of buffer blocks (14), the end faces of the buffer blocks (14) are fixed with the bottom of the fixing plate (10), the outer wall of each buffer block (14) is provided with a buffer cylinder body (16) which is embedded with the buffer blocks (14) in a sealing mode, the upper end of each buffer cylinder body (16) is provided with a buffer spring (15) which is sleeved with the buffer blocks (14), and the bottom of the inner cavity of each buffer cylinder body (16) is provided with a pressure detector (17);

the method comprises the following steps: machining and molding the driving shaft (5): the method comprises the following steps of roughly machining a blank of a driving shaft (5) with the length of 10-15 m by adopting a turning and milling process, turning the outer wall of the roughly machined driving shaft (5) to reserve allowance to reach the required size after quenching and tempering, milling a gear key groove according to the installation requirement, and turning a gear clamp spring annular groove and a bearing clamp spring annular groove;

step two: and (3) processing and forming of the support frame (4): the bearing seat (12) is forged by opening the die, buffering and damping pieces (11) are sequentially and equidistantly arranged on the bearing seat (12), a fixing plate (10) with the same length and width as the bearing seat (12) is fixedly connected to the upper end of each buffering and damping piece (11), and a rolling bearing (13) is embedded into the bearing seat (12);

the damping part (11) comprises a buffer block (14), a buffer cylinder body (16) which is embedded with the buffer block (14) in a sealing manner is arranged on the outer wall of the buffer block (14), a buffer spring (15) which is sleeved with the buffer block (14) is arranged at the upper end of the buffer cylinder body (16), and a pressure detector (17) is arranged at the bottom of an inner cavity of the buffer cylinder body (16); the inner cavity of the buffer cylinder body (16) is bored and provided with a convex ring limiting buffer block (14), a sealing element is arranged on the outer wall of the buffer block (14) contacted with the buffer cylinder body (16) for sealing, the height of the buffer spring (15) is lower than the upper end surface of the buffer block (14) during assembly, and the effective stroke of the buffer block (14) in the buffer cylinder body (16) is 35-50 mm;

step three: assembling and forming a drive axle (3): the bevel gear II (9) is connected with the piston end surface of the annular piston oil cylinder (8) to form a whole, the transmission shaft (7) is fixedly connected with the tail end of the annular piston oil cylinder (8), and one end of the transmission shaft (7) is in spline sleeve joint with an outer ball cage of a universal joint on a wheel;

step four: welding and forming of the chassis frame (1): a chassis frame (1) with the length of 15-20 m is formed by welding channel steel and rectangular steel, the welding groove between the channel steel and the rectangular steel is 45 degrees, and rib plates are added in the channel steel at equal intervals;

step five: and (3) integral assembly: assembling a plurality of support frames (4) at the bottom of a chassis frame (1), sequentially sleeving a driving shaft (5) with the plurality of support frames (4), a plurality of bevel gears I (6) and a plurality of driving axles (3), and limiting and fixing the plurality of support frames (4) and the plurality of bevel gears I (6) in clamp spring grooves on the driving shaft (5) through clamp springs;

when the vehicle is in no-load, the pressure value in the buffering damping part is small, the driving shaft does not rotate, the bevel gear I and the bevel gear II are in a separated state, and the vehicle can run only by means of front wheel driving; when the vehicle is in a half-load state or a climbing state, the pressure value in the buffering damping part is increased, the bevel gear I in the middle of the driving shaft is meshed with the bevel gear II, the bevel gear I at the tail part is separated from the bevel gear II, and the driving shaft rotates to drive the wheels in the middle to increase the power of the vehicle; when the vehicle is fully loaded, the pressure value in the buffering damping part is close to the peak value, the bevel gears I and II at the middle part and the tail part of the driving shaft are meshed, and the driving shaft rotates to drive all the rear wheels to drive the vehicle to carry out power driving.