CN112576046A - Hoisting construction method for long-span pipe truss - Google Patents
Hoisting construction method for long-span pipe truss Download PDFInfo
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- CN112576046A CN112576046A CN202011373878.1A CN202011373878A CN112576046A CN 112576046 A CN112576046 A CN 112576046A CN 202011373878 A CN202011373878 A CN 202011373878A CN 112576046 A CN112576046 A CN 112576046A
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- roof truss
- hoisting
- crawler
- truss
- roof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/04—Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or preventing cable slack
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/11—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with non-parallel upper and lower edges, e.g. roof trusses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
- E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
- E04G21/162—Handles to carry construction blocks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hoisting construction method for a long-span pipe truss, which comprises the following steps: assembling roof trusses on an assembling axis of the assembling platform, wherein the roof truss closest to an installing axis in the first batch of assembled roof trusses is an nth line roof truss, the total number of roof trusses is n-1, and n is a natural number; installing an nth line upright post at the installation axis of the assembling platform; transporting the nth line roof truss on the assembly axis to the nth axis position, and transporting the roof truss by two crawler-type lifting cranes which synchronously run at the same speed and reversely; lifting the nth line roof truss to the upper part of the nth line upright post, installing the nth line roof truss on the nth line upright post, and hoisting the roof truss by a crawler-type crane; and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes pass through the roof truss and return to the nth-1 line roof truss, and the installation process of the nth line roof truss is repeated until the installation of the 2 nd line roof truss is completed. The double machines are used for simultaneously, synchronously, horizontally and reversely transporting and hoisting, so that the requirement of short-term high-efficiency construction of the large-span pipe truss roof truss is met, the construction period is saved, and the efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a hoisting construction method for a long-span pipe truss.
Background
With the development of national economy, large-span space structures are developed vigorously, the span is larger, the modeling is more and more novel and unique, and the structure is more and more complex, for example, the maximum span reaches 136m, the installation height reaches 25m, and each roof truss reaches 150t of large-span pipe trusses. With the continuous progress of construction technology and the continuous application of new technology, the requirement of an owner on the construction period is higher and higher. The traditional construction process can not meet the requirement of construction, and each construction unit adopts various means to reform the construction: and large-scale machine and tool equipment are added, a management system is reformed, and the methods of increasing labor force and labor time and the like are adopted to achieve the construction purpose. At present, the installation modes of large-scale roof trusses and roofs mainly adopt a double-crane lifting crane, a three-crane lifting crane and a single-crane lifting crane, and adopt installation technologies such as a horizontal ground sliding installation technology, a high-altitude sliding installation technology and the like, so that the installation is difficult, the construction efficiency is lower, and the construction cost is higher.
To sum up, how to effectively solve the problems of difficult installation of a large-span pipe truss, lower construction efficiency, higher construction cost and the like is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-span pipe truss hoisting construction method, which adopts a reasonable measure that two machines simultaneously, synchronously, horizontally and reversely transport and hoist at the same speed, ensure accurate and safe in-place of a roof truss, ensure that the double-machine synchronous hoisting technology meets the requirement of short-term and efficient construction of the large-span pipe truss roof truss, save the construction period and improve the efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a hoisting construction method for a long-span pipe truss comprises the following steps:
assembling roof trusses on an assembling axis of the assembling platform, wherein the roof truss closest to an installing axis in the first batch of assembled roof trusses is an nth line roof truss, the total number of roof trusses is n-1, and n is a natural number;
installing an nth line upright post at the installation axis of the assembling platform;
transporting the nth line roof truss on the assembly axis to an nth axis position, wherein the roof truss is transported by two crawler-type lifting cranes which synchronously run at the same speed and reversely;
lifting the nth line roof truss to the upper part of the nth line upright post, installing the nth line roof truss on the nth line upright post, and hoisting the roof truss by the crawler-type crane;
and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes pass through the roof truss and return to the nth-1 line roof truss, and the installation process of the nth line roof truss is repeated until the installation of the 2 nd line roof truss is completed.
Preferably, when the roof truss assembled on the assembling axis deviates from the central line by a second set distance, before the roof truss is hoisted to the mounting upright post from the upper part of the coal pile, the method comprises the following steps:
bending the arms of the two crawler-type hoisting cranes simultaneously, and lifting the roof truss to a position higher than the set height of the upright columns;
the crawler-type hoisting crane is driven to a position where the central line of the roof truss exceeds the installation central line by a third set distance, and the crawler-type hoisting crane stops;
and rotating the two crawler-type hoisting cranes to the D row at the same time by a set angle to ensure that the roof truss is just swung to the installation position.
Preferably, the crawler-type crane travels according to a set route during transportation of the roof truss through the two crawler-type cranes which run synchronously at the same speed in opposite directions.
Preferably, the crawler crane is made to travel according to a set route, specifically: two colored ribbons are arranged on the set route and are marked with scales, and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes are controlled to synchronously advance according to the scales indicated by the pointers of the crawler-type hoisting cranes.
Preferably, the walking center line of the crawler-type lifting crane is a fourth set distance away from the base side of the belt conveyor.
Preferably, in the transportation process of the roof truss through two crawler-type lifting cranes which run synchronously at the same speed in opposite directions, the height of the lower chord of the roof truss from the top of the main coal pile is 500mm, and the vertical distance from the lower chord of the roof truss to the ground is 16 m.
Preferably, before the roof truss is transported by two crawler-type hoisting cranes which run synchronously at the same speed and reversely, the ground is leveled and firmly hoisted, so that the gradient of the hoisted ground is less than or equal to 1 percent, the ground endurance is more than or equal to 0.20MPa, and the hoisting operation width is more than or equal to 12 m.
Preferably, during the process that the crawler-type hoisting crane passes through the roof truss and returns, after the crawler-type hoisting crane climbs the rod to pass through the installed roof truss, the crawler-type hoisting crane re-expands the rod.
Preferably, before the roof truss is transported by two synchronous, same-speed and reverse-running crawler-type hoisting cranes, the method further comprises the following steps:
a middle line upright post is arranged on the installation axis of the assembling platform,
when transporting the roof truss behind the middle line upright post, hoisting the roof truss to the upper part of the middle line upright post and temporarily placing the roof truss on the middle line upright post;
so that the stacker-reclaimer passes through the roof truss from the lower part of the roof truss.
Preferably, after the stacker-reclaimer passes through the roof truss from the lower part of the roof truss, the roof truss is lifted and rolled out of the middle line upright post, and the height of the roof truss is reduced to a first set distance above the coal pile to continue to run to the installation position.
The invention provides a hoisting construction method of a long-span pipe truss, which comprises the following steps: assembling roof trusses on an assembling axis of the assembling platform, wherein the roof truss closest to an installing axis in the first batch of assembled roof trusses is an nth line roof truss, the total number of roof trusses is n-1, and n is a natural number; installing an nth line upright post at the installation axis of the assembling platform; transporting the nth line roof truss on the assembly axis to an nth axis position, wherein the roof truss is transported by two crawler-type lifting cranes which synchronously run at the same speed and reversely; lifting the nth line roof truss to the upper part of the nth line upright post, installing the nth line roof truss on the nth line upright post, and hoisting the roof truss by the crawler-type crane; and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes pass through the roof truss and return to the nth-1 line roof truss, and the installation process of the nth line roof truss is repeated until the installation of the 2 nd line roof truss is completed.
By applying the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the condition limitation of a construction site is perfectly solved, the normal operation of construction is ensured, centralized assembly is carried out outside the site, two crawler-type hoisting cranes hoist the roof truss to reversely and horizontally transport the roof truss to the installation position, then the installation position is adjusted to be in place, and the two cranes simultaneously, synchronously and horizontally transport and hoist reversely, so that the roof truss can be safely and stably assembled in place, the synchronous hoisting technology of the two cranes meets the requirement of short-term high-efficiency construction of the large-span pipe truss roof truss, the construction period is saved, the construction efficiency is improved, the assembly cost is reduced, the normal production is ensured, and a part of the crane can be used for hydraulic horizontal sliding construction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a large-span pipe truss hoisting construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan layout view of roof truss hoisting;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a roof truss hanging point selection;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a crawler crane hoist;
figure 5 is a schematic view of a crawler crane traversing a roof truss.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
11-roof truss, 12-crawler type hoisting crane.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a construction method for hoisting a long-span pipe truss, wherein two machines simultaneously, synchronously, horizontally and reversely transport and hoist at the same speed, so as to ensure the accurate and safe in-place reasonable measure of the roof truss, ensure that the double-machine synchronous hoisting technology meets the requirement of short-term and efficient construction of the long-span pipe truss roof truss, save the construction period and improve the efficiency.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a hoisting construction method for a long-span pipe truss according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a plan layout view of roof truss hoisting; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a roof truss hanging point selection; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a crawler crane hoist; figure 5 is a schematic view of a crawler crane traversing a roof truss.
In a specific embodiment, the hoisting construction method for the long-span pipe truss provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s110: roof trusses 11 are assembled on an assembly axis of the assembly platform, the roof truss 11 closest to an installation axis in the roof trusses 11 assembled in the first batch is an nth line roof truss 11, the total number of roof trusses 11 is n-1, and n is a natural number.
In practical application, according to the structural characteristics of the large-span pipe truss roof truss 11 and the specific environment of a construction site, the pipe truss roof truss 11 is integrally assembled on site, only a small area is occupied for construction operation, and the normal production of an owner is ensured by integrally assembling the periphery of a production area.
In the present application, the construction method is applied to, but not limited to, the specific example of 8 roof trusses 11 assembled in 2 steps, 4 roof trusses 11 are assembled at a time, the external dimension of the pipe truss roof 11 is 141m × 12.5m × 6m, the assembly platform has 10 axes, the area between 1 axis and 2 axes is an assembly site, and the installation is performed on 2-9 axes.
S120: installing an nth line upright post at the installation axis of the assembling platform;
s130: transporting the nth line roof truss 11 on the assembly axis to the nth axis position, and transporting the roof truss 11 by two crawler type lifting cranes 12 which synchronously run at the same speed and reversely;
s140: lifting the nth line roof truss 11 to the nth line upright post, installing the nth line roof truss 11 on the nth line upright post, and hoisting the roof truss 11 by a crawler-type crane 12;
s150: and two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 pass through the roof truss 11 and return to the nth-1 line roof truss 11, and the installation process of the nth line roof truss 11 is repeated until the installation of the 2 nd line roof truss 11 is completed.
For convenience of description, the above four steps are combined for illustration.
Roof truss 11 assembly and installation sequence: the third line roof truss 11, the fourth line roof truss 11, the fifth line roof truss 11 equipment-the fifth line upright post installation-the sixth line roof truss 11 installation-the eighth line upright post installation-the eighth line roof truss 11 installation-the seventh line upright post installation-the seventh line roof truss 11 installation-the fifth line upright post installation-the fifth line roof truss 11, the fourth line roof truss 11, the third line roof truss 11, the sixth line roof truss 11 equipment-the fifth line upright post installation-the fifth line roof truss 11 installation-the sixth line upright post installation-the sixth line roof truss 11 installation. Wherein, in order to satisfy the installation demand, the stand is according to 11 installation orders of roof truss, and the installation is accomplished 2 days in advance.
8 roof trusses 11 are assembled in 2 times, roof trusses 11 with the 6 th axis, the 7 th axis, the 8 th axis and the 9 th axis are assembled for the first time, and roof trusses 11 with the 2 nd axis, the 3 rd axis, the 4 th axis and the 5 th axis are assembled in a reproduction field after the roof trusses 11 with the 6 th axis, the 7 th axis, the 8 th axis and the 9 th axis are installed.
The roof truss 11 is horizontally transported to the installation position by two crawler-type lifting cranes 12 in reverse running, and lifted in place.
And (4) checking before hoisting, namely comprehensively checking hoisting equipment, a sling, a pulley block, the size of the truss, command signals and the like. The roof truss 11 geometry and weld quality were retested. And a tape measure is bound on the outer side of the component and used for controlling the hoisting synchronism. And (5) detecting by adopting an instrument, preventing the deformation of the component and preparing before test hoisting.
Trial hoisting before hoisting the roof truss 11: the hoisting component is divided into 4 steps, and the detection is carried out when the 12-tonnage meter of each crawler-type hoisting crane reaches the hoisting capacity of 20 tons, 40 tons, 60 tons and 80 tons respectively (each tonnage represents one step). All-dimensional detection is carried out in each step of trial hoisting, including lockset and roadbed detection, equipment working condition detection, rod piece change condition detection and the like, each detection time is 20-30 minutes, the purpose of being universal is achieved, and preparation is made for hoisting members. During the hoisting process, each crawler-type hoisting crane 12 must listen to the general command signal in time, and the spirit is highly concentrated. And when the distance between the member and the clamping fixture is 15-20 cm, stopping hoisting, holding the load for 1 hour, observing the condition of the rod piece with the larger weld stress ratio, measuring the displacement and deformation of the truss, and performing next-step hoisting or walking experiments of the crawler-type lifting crane 12 after meeting the requirements.
When the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 are hoisted, the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 are simultaneously hoisted, the data of the tape measure is measured, and the hoisting synchronism of the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 is controlled. After the member is lifted to the height of the building, the general command comprehensively observes the member and the position condition of the member, and meanwhile, the two auxiliary commands check the condition of the member, find problems and report the problems to the general command in time. After the inspection is correct, the general command sends out an instruction to walk.
When 11 with the stand of roof truss are fixed, for the personnel about and 11 installation demands of roof truss, need set up the vertical ladder on the stand and supply the people from top to bottom, set up operation platform at 11 mounted positions of roof truss, climb roof truss 11 after 11 are fixed and demolish and bind wire rope.
In the process that the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 passes through the roof truss 11 to return, after the climbing rod of the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 passes through the installed roof truss 11, the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 expands the rod again, so that the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 passes through the roof truss 11. Specifically, the crawler crane 12 climbs 23 ° and, after the boom is passed under the roof truss 11 already installed by the hoisting operation, the crawler crane 12 again rises to 75 °.
By applying the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the condition limitation of a construction site is perfectly solved, the normal operation of construction is ensured, centralized assembly is carried out outside the site, two crawler-type lifting cranes 12 lift the roof truss 11 to reversely and horizontally transport the roof truss to the installation position, then the installation position is adjusted to be in place, and the two cranes simultaneously, synchronously and horizontally transport and lift the roof truss in place, so that the assembly and the in-place operation of the roof truss 11 are safely and stably realized, the synchronous lifting technology of the two cranes meets the requirement of short-term high-efficiency construction of the large-span pipe truss roof truss 11, the construction period is saved, the construction efficiency is improved, the assembly cost is reduced, the normal production is ensured, and a method for partially using hydraulic horizontal sliding construction can be adopted.
In addition to the above embodiments, before the roof truss 11 is transported by two synchronous, same-speed and opposite-direction running crawler crane cranes 12, the method further comprises:
a middle line upright post is arranged on the installation axis of the assembling platform,
when transporting the roof truss 11 behind the middle line upright post, hoisting the roof truss 11 to the upper part of the middle line upright post and temporarily placing the roof truss on the middle line upright post;
the stacker-reclaimer is caused to pass through the roof truss 11 from below the roof truss 11.
In practical application, install the 6 th line stand earlier, the 6 th line stand is installed simultaneously with the 9 th line stand, and when roof truss 11 transported to the 6 th line stand, crawler-type crane 12 during with roof truss 11 hang to the 6 th line stand, drop on the 6 th line stand with roof truss 11 temporarily earlier, crawler-type crane 12 is not loose the hook, coordinates two stacker-reclaimers again and passes from roof truss 11 lower part. Roof truss 11 is placed on 6 th line stand temporarily, and 6 th line stand supports roof truss 11 temporarily, does not only rely on crawler-type to lift by crane 12 and hoists, and it is comparatively safe when stacker-reclaimer passes from 11 lower parts of roof truss, reduces the potential safety hazard.
On the basis of the above embodiments, after the stacker-reclaimer passes through the roof truss 11 from below the roof truss 11, the roof truss 11 is lifted and moved out of the center line pillar, and the height of the roof truss 11 is reduced to a first set distance above the coal pile and then continuously moved to the installation position, for example, after the crawler crane 12 lifts the roof truss 11 and moves out of the 6 th line pillar, the height of the roof truss 11 is reduced to a position 200mm above the coal pile and then continuously moved to the installation position, and during transportation, the height of the roof truss 11 is kept low, and transportation is relatively stable, and is relatively safe and reliable.
On the basis of the above embodiments, when the roof truss 11 assembled on the assembly axis deviates from the central line by a second set distance, before the roof truss 11 is hoisted to the installation upright from above the coal pile, the method includes:
the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 are stood on the arms at the same time, and the roof truss 11 is lifted to a position higher than the set height of the upright posts;
running crawler crane 12 to a stop where the centre line of roof truss 11 exceeds the installation centre line by a third set distance;
and simultaneously rotating the two crawler-type lifting cranes 12 to the row D by a set angle to ensure that the roof truss 11 is just swung to the installation position.
In practical applications, for example, when the 7 th wire roof truss 11, the 8 th wire roof truss 11 and the 9 th wire roof truss 11 are installed, when the roof truss 11 is assembled, the roof truss 11 deviates from the central line by 5m, and when the horizontal transportation is carried to the installation position, the crawler-type crane 12 simultaneously changes the amplitude of the two machines and rotates the rod to enable the roof truss 11 to transversely move by 5m to meet the installation requirement.
Specifically speaking, need roof truss 11 from the coal pile top hoist to before the installation stand, with two crawler-type lifting crane 12 arms prone simultaneously, make crawler-type lifting crane 12 range become 13m, promote roof truss 11 again to being higher than stand 250mm department, crawler-type lifting crane 12 walks simultaneously, make roof truss 11 central line exceed installation central line 1m and stop crawler-type lifting crane 12 operation, command two crawler-type lifting crane 12 simultaneously again and arrange rotatory 23 degrees to D, roof truss 11 just in time is swung to the mounted position, as shown in fig. 2, the hoist and mount operation is accomplished to the hook fixed mounting that falls. The crawler-type hoisting crane has the amplitude of 1213m, the hoisting weight of the arm of 60m is 143t, and the walking weight of the double-crane hoisting crane is 0.7 t, which is more than the weight of the component, so that the requirement is met.
On the basis of each specific embodiment, in the transportation process of the roof truss 11 through the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 which run synchronously, at the same speed and reversely, the crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 are enabled to walk according to a set route, for example, the walking center line of the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 is a fourth set distance from the belt conveyor base edge, specifically, the distance from the belt conveyor base edge can be 7m, the accuracy of the running route of the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 is guaranteed, and the installation position can be accurately reached.
Specifically, two colored ribbons are arranged on the set route and are marked with scales, and the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 controls the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 to synchronously move according to the scales indicated by the pointers of the crawler-type hoisting cranes 12.
In practical application, the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 is provided with a pointer, two colored ribbons are arranged on a route and are marked with scales, and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 are controlled to synchronously move along by the scales indicated by the pointer when walking. The two crawler-type lifting cranes 12 simultaneously travel in the same direction, in order to ensure the running safety in the backward movement when the crane travels 1 to 2 lines, the end supports are connected into a whole, the end supports are made of materials with the same specification as that of the upright posts, so that the end supports can bear the weight of the roof truss 11, the crawler-type lifting cranes 12 lift the roof truss 11 off the assembly platform and then lift the roof truss 11 to the 2-line upright posts in a support arm and groveling arm mode to temporarily fix the roof truss 11, the crawler-type lifting cranes 12 pass through the right below the roof truss 11, the roof truss 11 is lifted to the installation position in front of the crawler-type lifting cranes 12 to ensure that the roof truss 11 is lifted off a ground obstacle by 0.2m in order to ensure the operation of the roof truss 11, then the crawler-type lifting cranes 12 travel with load, and the travel with load as slow as; the roof truss 11 needs to be pulled to slide ropes in the hoisting process, the slide ropes are arranged at two ends of the roof truss 11, each end is provided with two slide ropes, the front and the back of the roof truss 11 are respectively provided with one slide rope, and each slide rope is controlled by 4 persons, so that the roof truss 11 is ensured to be stable and not to shake in the hoisting process; the roof truss 11 is kept horizontal in the hoisting process and cannot shake; the height of the coal pile is reduced as much as possible during hoisting; the hoisting working radius is reduced as much as possible during loaded running, so that the hoisting safety is ensured; because the on-load running distance is long, flameout and pause can be realized midway in the hoisting process, and the hoisting operation is carried out after the mechanical performance of the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 is recovered to be normal.
On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, in the transportation process of the roof truss 11 by two crawler-type crane cranes 12 running synchronously, at the same speed and in opposite directions, the height of the lower chord of the roof truss 11 from the top of the main coal pile is 500mm, and the vertical distance from the lower chord to the ground is 16m, so that the height of the roof truss 11 is kept low in the transportation process, and the transportation is stable, safe and reliable.
On the basis of the above embodiments, before the roof truss 11 is transported by two crawler-type hoisting cranes 12 running synchronously, at the same speed and in opposite directions, the ground is leveled and firmly hoisted, so that the gradient of the hoisted ground is less than or equal to 1%, the ground endurance is greater than or equal to 0.20Mpa, and the hoisting operation width is greater than or equal to 12 m.
In practical application, for example, in hoisting construction, the length of each crawler type hoisting crane 12 crawler is 8.8m, the width of each crawler type hoisting crane is 1.2m, the center distance between the two crawler types is 7.3m, the self weight of each crawler type hoisting crane 12 is 325t, the foundation bearing capacity is calculated according to the maximum hoisting capacity of 100t, and if the foundation bearing capacity for hoisting 100t heavy objects meets the requirement, the rest of the foundation is met.
P＝(325+100)*10/(1.2*8.8*2)＝4250/21.12＝201.2KN/m2
The large crawler crane has to be flat and firm in the hoisting ground, the gradient of the large crawler crane is not more than 1 percent, the ground endurance is not less than 0.20Mpa, and the hoisting operation width is not less than 12 m. The coal yard hoisting channel piles 17m high coal for a long time, the coal pile load reaches 150-200KPa, so the foundation bearing capacity is calculated according to 150KPa, the crawler-type lifting crane 12 walks five times before formal lifting, then the crawler-type lifting crane 12 lifts 100t and walks 5 times, and the process of lifting is processed in time.
It should be noted that the preparation work before the crawler crane 12 is hoisted specifically includes:
1. before the roof truss 11 is installed, the following preparation work should be done in advance, the measuring tool is verified, and the roof truss can be used after being qualified; rechecking the elevation of the top of the vertical column and the elevation of the support before hoisting, making rechecking records, contacting civil engineering workers or supervision engineers in time when problems are found, and proposing a processing method and a suggestion; after the operators enter the field and before hoisting, the project technical responsible personnel carry out technical return and safety technical return on all management and operators, and can be put on duty after the management and operators are qualified; before hoisting, safety protection facilities such as mounting platform scaffolds and the like must be put in place, labor protection supplies are already distributed to the hands of operators, and the operators are educated through a correct use method; before the roof truss 11 is installed, sundries and rusts on the support are cleaned so that the roof truss 11 can be conveniently and smoothly put in place; before hoisting, the performance of each hoisting sling should be checked and ensured to be in a good state, before formal hoisting, the hoisting should be tried, the performance state of the crawler-type hoisting sling 12 is detected, the standing position of the crane is simulated and determined to be carried out, and safe hoisting is ensured; retesting content before hoisting: firstly, checking the positioning condition of an embedded part according to a control network; whether the elevation, the coordinate and the size of the top surface of the support are consistent with the design drawing or not.
2. And selecting a hoisting point and a crane.
2.1 center of gravity calculation
In the formula:
the ith (i ═ 1, 2, 3 … … n) weight is Gi, the part is at an elevation Li relative to the reference point;
calculated L4.716
The centre of gravity of the truss is therefore at 4.716m above the lower chord of the roof truss 11.
2.2 selection of hoisting points
According to the requirements of the coal yard, in order to ensure the coal yard storage capacity, after the system is connected with an owner, the two coal yards are used as the crawler-type hoisting crane running roads at the distance of 10m from the belt conveyor. Therefore, according to the condition, the center of the suspension point in the column direction is 32500mm closer to the A axis 34750-.
The hoisting point is preliminarily bound by four points, and the length of the steel wire rope is fixed.
And (3) analyzing the stress of the two hanging points:
the two hanging points are stressed respectively to be F1，F2，
The weight of the subject was G (150t +10t ═ 160 t); wherein 150t is the self weight of the roof truss, and 10t is the weight of safety measure materials.
The distance between the two points and the center is L1＝70.5-34.75＝35.75m
L2＝70.5-27.75＝42.75m
Therefore, the method comprises the following steps: f1＝G*L2/(L1+L2)＝87.1t
F2＝GL1/(L1+L2)＝76.9t
2.3 selection of cranes
According to the actual conditions of engineering, the external-open type dimension of the largest hoisting member is 6m x 13m x 141m from 7 th to 9 th roof trusses, the weight is 150t, the hoisting height is 25m, the crane is guaranteed not to collide with the main structure during the driving process and the boom rotation, and finally two crawler-type hoisting cranes are adopted for hoisting. The stand-alone load calculations are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Single machine load calculation
The calculation results in the table show that the lengths of 60m and 66m of the suspension arm can meet the requirement of hoisting, and the length of the suspension arm is 60 m.
In the table 3.85t is 100t hook weight; 1t is the weight of four steel wire ropes; 87t roof truss dead weight plus safety action material weight.
2.4 double-machine hoisting checking calculation
A. Checking load-lifting
QGet up＝2QForehead (forehead)＝2×157t＝314t
QFruit of Chinese wolfberry＝k1(G+q)＝1.11×(160+9.7)＝188.4t
QFruit of Chinese wolfberry/QGet up＝188.4t/314t＝0.6＝60％
In the formula:
Qget upDouble-machine gross lifting capacity
QFruit of Chinese wolfberryActual hoisting capacity
G-roof truss hoisting weight
q-sling rigging weight
k1Coefficient of dynamic load
And the actual lifting capacity is 60% of the total lifting capacity of the double cranes according to the calculation result, so that the hoisting requirement is met.
3. Selection and calculation of wire ropes
Referring to table 2, table 2 shows the safety factor of the steel wire rope. The hoisting roof truss 11 adopts a new steel wire rope with the fiber core of 6 multiplied by 37 plus 1, and the grade is 1770;
TABLE 2 safety factor of the steel wire ropes
| Situation of use | Factor of safety K | Situation of use | Factor of safety K |
| For wind-ropes | 3.5 | Used as slings, without bending | 6～7 |
| For hand-operated hoisting apparatus | 7.5 | For lashing |
8～10 |
| For |
5～6 | Elevator for carrying people | 14 |
Selection calculation of wire ropes
Hoisting and binding: the roof truss is formed by binding 8 nodes of (6 multiplied by 37+1) -1770 steel wire ropes, 4 nodes are arranged on two sides of a roof truss 11 respectively, 1 steel wire rope is folded into two 2 strands of large-pocket roof trusses 11 to form an upper chord in each node, and the vertical distance between the roof truss 11 and a hook head is 6 m.
The wire rope is calculated as follows:
the lifting point with larger stress of the double-crane lifting is used for calculation, and the stress of the lifting point is 871kN
The stress of each point of the steel wire rope is calculated, the steel wire rope 1 is equal to the steel wire rope 2, and the steel wire rope 3 is equal to the steel wire rope 4
Wire rope tension calculation
N1＝G/n*1/cosα＝435.5/4/cos34°＝435.5/4/0.829＝131.3KN
N2＝G/n*1/cosα＝435.5/4/cos36°＝435.5/4/0.809＝134.6KN
In the formula:
N1tension of steel wire rope 1(2)
N2Tensile force of steel wire 3(4)
G-half of the stress of hoisting point 1
n-number of suspension cables
Angle between alpha-sling wire rope and vertical plane
Selecting the steel wire rope with the maximum tension of the steel wire rope
N2≦P/K2
P≧N2*K2＝134.6*8＝1076KN
In the formula:
N2tensile force of steel wire 3(4)
K2Safety coefficient of sling, 8 times
Minimum breaking tension of P-sling wire rope
The look-up table selects 6-37 wires and steel wire ropes
Nominal tensile strength 1770N/mm2The minimum breaking force of 1200KN is not less than 1076KN, and the hoisting requirement is met.
The method for binding the steel wire rope requires the length of the steel wire rope to be fixed, the length of the steel wire rope with the same size has no error, and as shown in a hoisting schematic diagram of fig. 3, the length of the steel wire rope 1 is the same as that of the steel wire rope 2, and the length of the steel wire rope 2 needs to be the same
The steel wire rope 7.608 × 2+0.529 × 3.14/2 ═ 16.047 m; the lengths of the steel wire ropes 3 and 4 are the same
Wire rope 7.092 × 2+0.529 × 3.14/2 ═ 15.015m
4. Requirement for hoisting construction site
The bearing capacity requirement of the foundation is as follows: the length of the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 crawler is 8.8m, the width of the crawler is 1.2m, the center distance between the two crawlers is 7.3m, the self weight of the crawler-type hoisting crane 12 is 325t, the foundation bearing capacity is calculated according to the maximum hoisting capacity of 100t, and if the foundation bearing capacity of the 100t heavy object to be hoisted meets the requirement, the rest of the foundation is met.
P＝(325+100)*10/(1.2*8.8*2)＝4250/21.12＝201.2KN/m2
The large crawler crane has to be flat and firm in the hoisting ground, the gradient of the large crawler crane is not more than 1 percent, the ground endurance is not less than 0.20Mpa, and the hoisting operation width is not less than 12 m. The coal yard hoisting channel piles 17m high coal for a long time, the coal pile load reaches 150-200KPa, so the foundation bearing capacity is calculated according to 150KPa, the crawler-type lifting crane 12 walks five times before formal lifting, then the crawler-type lifting crane 12 lifts 100t and walks 5 times, and the process of lifting is processed in time.
Software can be adopted to simulate the hoisting process, and respective calculation results are compared and analyzed so as to achieve the purpose of mutual check. For example, simulation and verification are carried out on the hoisting process by adopting a method of combining computer internal force analysis software MIDAS/GEN2018 and LS-DYNA, various construction working conditions are simulated in detail, and the hoisting safety is ensured.
LS-DYNA software and MIDAS/GEN software are used for simulation analysis, the section sizes of the model rod pieces of the two roof trusses 11 are completely the same, the model rod pieces are simulated by adopting beam units, and the sling adopts a cable unit model.
In the calculation, the sling is simulated by using the cable unit, and the steel wire rope adopted in actual hoisting is the 6 x 37+1 fiber core steel wire rope with the nominal diameter of phi 48 (the equivalent area is 678 mm)2) And each hoisting point is hoisted by adopting a mode that 1 steel wire rope is folded into 2 strands of large-pocket roof truss 11 to be strung, so the equivalent area of the steel wire rope of each binding node in calculation is 2x678mm2. In addition, the vertical distance between the roof truss 11 and the hoisting point is 6m in actual hoisting. And when the LS-DYNA software and the MIDAS/GEN software are adopted for analysis, the equivalent cross-sectional areas of the suspension cables are completely the same.
In structural analysis, the information of the two software models is as follows: there are 15856 nodes, 6500 shell units, 1670 beam/cable units. Through computer simulation, the following conclusions can be drawn:
in the hoisting process, when the hoisting speed is low, the inertia effect of the structure can be ignored, the whole hoisting process can be approximately regarded as a quasi-static process, the dynamic response of the structure is not obvious, and the internal force level of the member is low. When the lifting speed is high, the inertia effect of the structure is not negligible, so that the dynamic response of the structure is obvious, the internal force level of the member is high, and the structure is adversely affected. Therefore, in the practical construction process, the hoisting speed is strictly controlled.
During the hoisting process, all parts of the structure deform uniformly, unreasonable deformation does not occur near the binding position, and the structure can be approximately regarded as a whole and does rigid displacement.
The internal force of the sling is compared with the breaking force of the corresponding steel wire rope, so that the selected sling has certain safety reserve.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The construction method for hoisting the large-span pipe truss provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A hoisting construction method for a long-span pipe truss is characterized by comprising the following steps:
assembling roof trusses on an assembling axis of the assembling platform, wherein the roof truss closest to an installing axis in the first batch of assembled roof trusses is an nth line roof truss, the total number of roof trusses is n-1, and n is a natural number;
installing an nth line upright post at the installation axis of the assembling platform;
transporting the nth line roof truss on the assembly axis to an nth axis position, wherein the roof truss is transported by two crawler-type lifting cranes which synchronously run at the same speed and reversely;
lifting the nth line roof truss to the upper part of the nth line upright post, installing the nth line roof truss on the nth line upright post, and hoisting the roof truss by the crawler-type crane;
and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes pass through the roof truss and return to the nth-1 line roof truss, and the installation process of the nth line roof truss is repeated until the installation of the 2 nd line roof truss is completed.
2. The hoisting construction method for the large-span pipe truss according to claim 1, wherein when the roof truss assembled on the assembling axis deviates from the central line by a second set distance, before the roof truss is hoisted to the mounting upright post from the upper part of the coal pile, the hoisting construction method comprises the following steps:
bending the arms of the two crawler-type hoisting cranes simultaneously, and lifting the roof truss to a position higher than the set height of the upright columns;
the crawler-type hoisting crane is driven to a position where the central line of the roof truss exceeds the installation central line by a third set distance, and the crawler-type hoisting crane stops;
and rotating the two crawler-type hoisting cranes to the D row at the same time by a set angle to ensure that the roof truss is just swung to the installation position.
3. The hoisting construction method for the long-span pipe truss as claimed in claim 1, wherein the crawler-type crane is made to travel along a set route during transportation of the roof truss by two crawler-type cranes running synchronously, at the same speed and in opposite directions.
4. The large-span pipe truss hoisting construction method according to claim 3, wherein the crawler-type crane is made to travel according to a set route, specifically: two colored ribbons are arranged on the set route and are marked with scales, and the two crawler-type hoisting cranes are controlled to synchronously advance according to the scales indicated by the pointers of the crawler-type hoisting cranes.
5. The hoisting construction method for the large-span pipe truss as claimed in claim 4, wherein the walking centerline of the crawler-type crane is a fourth set distance from the base side of the belt conveyor.
6. The hoisting construction method for the large-span pipe truss according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the lower chord of the roof truss is 500mm from the top of the main coal pile and is 16m from the ground vertically during the transportation process of the roof truss by two crawler-type hoisting cranes which run synchronously at the same speed and reversely.
7. The hoisting construction method for the large-span pipe truss as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein before the roof truss is transported by two crawler-type hoisting cranes running synchronously, at the same speed and in opposite directions, the firm hoisting ground is leveled, the gradient of the hoisting ground is less than or equal to 1%, the ground endurance is greater than or equal to 0.20MPa, and the hoisting operation width is greater than or equal to 12 m.
8. The large-span pipe truss hoisting construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crawler crane re-expands the rod after the crawler crane climbs the rod after passing under the installed roof truss during the process that the crawler crane returns through the roof truss.
9. The hoisting construction method for the large-span pipe truss as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the roof truss is transported by two crawler-type hoisting cranes running synchronously, at the same speed and in opposite directions, the method further comprises:
a middle line upright post is arranged on the installation axis of the assembling platform,
when transporting the roof truss behind the middle line upright post, hoisting the roof truss to the upper part of the middle line upright post and temporarily placing the roof truss on the middle line upright post;
so that the stacker-reclaimer passes through the roof truss from the lower part of the roof truss.
10. The method for hoisting and constructing the large-span pipe truss according to claim 9, wherein after the stacker-reclaimer passes through the roof truss from the lower part of the roof truss, the roof truss is hoisted and moved out of the middle line upright post, and the height of the roof truss is reduced to a first set distance above the coal pile and then the roof truss is continuously driven to the installation position.
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