CN112575441B

CN112575441B - Knitting needle

Info

Publication number: CN112575441B
Application number: CN202010036726.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: K·布兰德
Original assignee: Carlmeyerstol R & D Co ltd
Current assignee: Carlmeyerstol R & D Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-27
Filing date: 2020-01-14
Publication date: 2022-12-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-14
Also published as: KR102428183B1; EP3617357A3; TWI823014B; TW202113186A; KR20210037522A; EP3617357B1; EP3617357A2; CN112575441A

Abstract

The invention relates to a knitting needle (1) for a warp knitting machine, comprising a bar (3) and a hook (2), the hook (2) forming a catching space (4) for warp yarn catching, the hook (2) having a stem (5) adjoining the bar (3), a transition (6) adjoining the stem (5) and an end (7) adjoining the transition (6), a first interface between the bar (3) and the stem (5) of the hook (2) lying in a first plane (8), a second interface between the stem (5) of the hook (2) and the transition (6) of the hook (2) lying in a second plane (9), a third interface between the transition (6) of the hook (2) and the end (7) of the hook (2) lying in the second plane (9), the first plane (8) being oriented perpendicular to a longitudinal axis (10) of the knitting needle (1) and tangential to the end (7), the second plane (9) being oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (10) of the knitting needle (1) and tangential to the contour (11) of the catching space, the needle (2) passing through a curved line (11) in a section of the knitting needle (4).

Description

Knitting needle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a knitting needle for a warp knitting machine, comprising a bar and a hook, wherein the hook forms a catching space for a warp thread catching, wherein the hook has a shank adjoining the bar, a transition adjoining the shank and an end adjoining the transition, wherein a first interface between the bar and the shank of the hook lies in a first plane, a second interface between the shank of the hook and the transition of the hook lies in a second plane, and a third interface between the transition of the hook and the end of the hook lies in the second plane, wherein the first plane is oriented perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the knitting needle and is tangent to the end, and the second plane is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the knitting needle and is tangent to a contour curve which extends in a cross-sectional view of the knitting needle between the catching space and the hook.

Background

The needles are used to form loops in a warp knitting machine. Warp knitting machines have knitting tools which, during the knitting process, process the warp threads to form a fabric surface, the so-called knitwear. Since a plurality of knitting tools can be moved simultaneously by means of the guide bar, a plurality of stitches are formed simultaneously during the knitting process. Knitting needles and lay-in needles (Legenadeln) are common knitting tools. The laying needles feed the warp yarns to the needles, which catch the warp yarns and facilitate the formation of the loops.

By warp knitting techniques, many different textile materials can be produced. In particular, a mesh knitted fabric can be produced. They can be used as base materials for insect nets, sun screens and the like. In this case, the needles are subjected to high forces, which in the long run can lead to damage to the needles.

In the production of a mesh knitted fabric, an automatic warp knitting machine having a relatively large gauge is used. This means that the distance between adjacent needles is relatively large. Inferior warp yarns with blemishes are often used. The flaws may be, for example, nubs, details, hard knots, or knots. In the region of the nubs or knuckles, the warp yarns may, for example, have a yarn thickness increased by three times. In the detail region, the yarn thickness of the warp yarn is reduced. In the knuckle region, the warp yarns are not bend slack. Furthermore, when sectional warping is used to provide warp yarns, defects may be increased by the jaws when the warp is unwound, since the warping process generally has a low processing quality. Imperfections have to be guided through the knitting and may particularly subject the needles to great loads. The knitting needles are subjected to high loads, in particular due to the hard knots, since the hooks of the knitting needles sometimes have to exert a large deformation force on the hard knots, so that the hard knots pass through the knitting needles.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a knitting needle which can withstand long-term loads even when used with warp threads having an inferior yarn quality.

This object is achieved by providing a needle of the type mentioned in the introduction, wherein, according to the invention, the end has a first diameter which forms the maximum diameter of the end, wherein the transition has a second diameter which forms the minimum diameter of the transition and wherein the second diameter is at least 1.3 times the first diameter. As has already been shown, such needles can be subjected to very high loads because of the thickened transition. According to the invention, the diameter of the transition is not smaller than the second diameter. Undesired bending of the needles and thus enlargement of the catching space are avoided by the increased material thickness at the transition.

According to the invention, the first and second planes are imaginary planes which allow to divide the hook into the stem, the transition and the end. The respective interfaces between the sections of the hooks lie in a first plane or a second plane. The division is preferably only an imaginary division of the hook and the hook is designed in one piece. The contour curve is preferably an imaginary curve which, in a sectional view of the needle hook, is located between the collecting space and the needle hook.

According to the invention, the longitudinal axis of the knitting needle can be an imaginary longitudinal axis. According to the invention, the longitudinal axis can be oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the knitting needle.

The first diameter may be determined by determining a chord as long as possible connecting two points of the surface of the end portion, which chord intersects the contour centerline of the hook and encloses a right angle with the contour centerline. The contour centerline is an imaginary line that follows the curvature of the hook and extends centrally within the hook. The second diameter may be determined by determining a chord as long as possible connecting two points of the transition surface that intersects and encloses a right angle with the contour centerline of the hook.

The second diameter is preferably at least 1.4 times the first diameter. This results in additional strengthening of the hook. This has proven to be particularly relevant when the warp threads exert a strong tensile force on the hook in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the knitting needle.

The second diameter is preferably at most twice the first diameter. If the diameter is exceeded, no significant reinforcing effect in the knitting process is noted. Furthermore, the material and weight of the needles are increased, which should be avoided.

Advantageously, the second diameter is at least 0.5 mm. The aforementioned stiffening effect occurs at the smallest diameter. It is particularly advantageous if the second diameter is at most 0.8 mm.

It is preferred that the stem has a third diameter, the third diameter forming the minimum diameter of the stem, wherein the third diameter is at least 1.3 times the first diameter. This results in an increase of the hook relative to the forces in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the knitting needle. It is especially preferred that the third diameter is at least 1.4 times the first diameter. The needle hook is thus reinforced well. The third diameter may be determined by determining a chord as long as possible connecting two points of the trunk surface that intersects the contour center curve of the hook and encloses a right angle with the contour centerline.

The invention can provide that the collection space has a collection space depth, defined by the distance between the first plane and the second plane, which is at least as large as the first diameter. This results in a minimum depth of the collecting space which may be required at several times for the inlay. A minimum depth may be desirable, especially when several mesh knits are manufactured. It is also possible according to the invention that the depth of the collecting space is at least as large as the second diameter.

The invention can also provide that the collection space has an entrance width, defined by the distance between the trunk and the end of the hook at the first planar height, which is at least as large as the first diameter. Thereby, the minimum width of the collecting space within the open area of the collecting space is defined. The minimum width of the trapping space in the open area makes it easy to trap warp yarns and may be desirable in several knitting methods. In particular, this minimum width may be required for the production of a mesh knitted fabric. The collecting space width is preferably at least as large as the second diameter.

The needle is preferably made of steel. This results in high stability and wear resistance of the knitting needles. However, the needles can also be produced from other materials according to the invention.

Advantageously, the hook has a circular or oval cross section at least in some regions. The warp threads can then slide more easily along the hooks. It is also preferred that the knitting needles are punched out needles. Alternatively, however, the needles can also be produced in other ways. According to one embodiment, the needles may also be coated. According to the invention, a chromium coating may be provided. The hook preferably has a cross-section that is tapered and/or narrows towards one end of the hook. Particularly preferably, the hook surface does not have steps, projections or the like, on which warp threads may hook.

According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the knitting needle is a compound needle (Schiebernadel). The compound needle has a slot in which a slider (Schieber) can be guided for movement. The slider allows opening and closing of the trapping space, which is required for forming the coil. However, it is also possible according to the invention for the needle according to the invention to be another type of needle, for example a latch needle or a latch needle.

The invention also relates to a method for producing a mesh knitted fabric by means of a warp knitting machine. In the method according to the invention, needles are used for forming a stitch in a warp knitting machine, which are designed like the aforementioned needles according to the invention. This allows the production of a mesh knitted fabric by means of a warp knitting machine without premature damage to the needles due to the tensile load of the needles or other wear effects caused by the use of inferior warp yarns. According to the invention, at least one further knitting tool, such as a needle laying needle, a slider and/or a grip sinker (Niederhalter), can also cooperate in the formation of the stitch.

According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, at least one warp thread is used which locally has a thread thickness which is at least three times the average thread thickness of the warp thread. According to the invention, the yarn thickness of at least three times the thickness can be determined by knots or slubs. A slub is a warp thread section in which the warp threads are thickened here, for example because of inhomogeneities in the extrusion process for the production of the warp threads. According to the invention, the warp yarns used may be warp yarns made of plastic. But it is alternatively possible that the warp yarns are made of cotton, wool or other material.

Preferably, a mesh inlay movement (tulling) is used as the inlay movement in the production of the mesh knitted fabric. Therefore, a first mesh modification (four corners), a second mesh modification (satin weave), or a third mesh modification (three-turn hexagonal mesh) may be adopted according to the present invention. Other mesh lapping motions may be used. In principle, other yarn laying movements with which a mesh knitted fabric can be produced are also possible. The properties of the flat woven side obtained are determined by the respective laying movements. The skilled person finds said inlay movement, but the method according to the invention can make mesh knitted fabrics with a significantly reduced needle failure rate using said inlay movement.

Drawings

An advantageous embodiment of the needle according to the invention is shown in the attached drawings, in which:

figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the needle of the invention,

figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hook of the needle of the invention,

figure 3 is another cross-sectional schematic view of a hook,

figure 4 is a schematic view from the front of the needle of the invention,

figure 5 is a schematic view of a mesh knitted fabric made with a first mesh lapping motion (four corners),

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a mesh knitted fabric made with a second mesh pick motion (satin weave), an

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a mesh knitted fabric produced with a second mesh lapping motion (three-turn hexagonal mesh).

List of reference numerals

1. Knitting needle

2. Needle hook

3. Rod

4. Trapping space

5. Trunk part

6. Transition part

7. End part

8. First plane

9. Second plane

10. Longitudinal axis

11. End tip

12. Contour curve

13. First diameter

14. Second diameter

15. Third diameter

16. Depth of trapping space

17. Width of entrance of collecting space

18. Trough

19. Net-like knitted fabric

20. Hole(s)

21. Contour center line

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a needle 1 according to the invention. The knitting needle 1 has a hook 2 and a rod 3. An imaginary longitudinal axis 10 of the knitting needle 1 is shown by a dashed line.

Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the hook 2 of the knitting needle 1 according to the invention. The hook 2 forms a catching space 4 which can accommodate warp threads. The hook 2 is divided into three sections. The hook 2 has a trunk 5 adjoining the shank 3, a transition 6 adjoining the trunk 5 and an end 7 adjoining the transition 6. The first interface between the shank 3 and the stem 5 of the hook 2 lies in a first plane 8. The second interface between the stem 5 of the hook 2 and the transition 6 of the hook 2 lies in the second plane 9. The third interface between the transition 6 of the hook 2 and the end 7 of the hook 2 is also located in the second plane 9. The viewing direction of fig. 2 extends parallel to the first plane 8 and the second plane 9. The first plane 8 and the second plane 9 are indicated by dashed lines.

The first plane 8 is oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 10 of the knitting needle 1. The first plane 8 is tangent to the pointed, tapering end 11 of the end portion 7. The second plane 9 is oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis 10 of the needle 1 and is tangent to a contour curve 12 which passes between the catching space 4 and the hook 2. For better clarity only, the contour curve 12 is shown slightly spaced from the hook 2. In practice, no distance is formed between the contour curve 12 and the hook 2, while the hook 2 abuts against the contour curve 12.

The end portion 7 has a first diameter 13 forming the largest diameter of the end portion 7. The transition has a second diameter 14 forming the smallest diameter of the transition 6. The second diameter 14 is greater than 1.3 times the first diameter 13. The hook 2 is thus very stable and undamaged even in the event of long-term loading with high-tension warp threads.

The trunk 5 has a third diameter 15 forming the smallest diameter of the trunk 5. The third diameter 15 is greater than 1.3 times the first diameter 13. This results in an increase of the hook 2 with respect to forces in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis 10 of the knitting needle 1.

The collection space 4 has a collection space depth 16, which is defined by the distance between the first plane 8 and the second plane 9. The capture space depth 16 is dimensioned to be larger than the first diameter 13. The collecting space 4 is thus suitable for use in distinct lapping movements. The collecting space 4 also has a collecting space entrance width 17 which is defined by the distance between the trunk 5 and the end 7 of the hook 2 at the level of the first plane 8. The collection space inlet width 17 is larger than the first diameter 13 of the end portion 7. This simplifies the simple trapping of warp yarns by the trapping space 4.

Fig. 3 shows a further sectional illustration of the needle hook 2. Here, for example, it is shown where the first diameter 13, the second diameter 14 and the third diameter 15 are located. The

diameters

13, 14 and 15 are located on chords, respectively, each of which intersects the contour centre line 21 of the hook 2 at right angles and connects two points on the surface of the hook 2. The contour centerline 21 is indicated by a dashed line. The contour centre line 21 is an imaginary line which follows the curvature of the hook 2 and extends centrally in the hook 2. The first diameter 13 is set only in the end portion 7. The second diameter 14 is set only in the transition 6. The third diameter 15 is set only within the trunk 5.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a knitting needle 1 according to the invention, seen from the front, in which the hook 2 and the lever 3 can be seen. As shown in the figure, the knitting needle 1 is a compound needle, because the knitting needle 1 has a groove 18 in which the slider can be guided back and forth. Thereby, the catching space formed by the hook 2 can be opened and closed. This is required to form the coil.

Fig. 5 shows a knitted mesh fabric 19 produced with a lapping movement according to a first mesh modification (four corners), fig. 6 shows a knitted mesh fabric 19 produced with a lapping movement according to a second mesh modification (satin weave), and fig. 7 shows a knitted mesh fabric 19 produced with a lapping movement according to a third mesh modification (three-turn hexagonal mesh). Depending on the laying motion used, different properties are obtained in relation to the size and shape of the holes 20 of the knitted mesh fabric 19 and the stretchability and stability of the knitted mesh fabric 19.

Claims

1. A knitting needle (1) for a warp knitting machine having a bar (3) and a hook (2), wherein the hook (2) forms a catching space (4) for catching warp threads, wherein the hook (2) has a stem (5) adjoining the bar (3), a transition (6) adjoining the stem (5) and an end (7) adjoining the transition (6), wherein a first interface between the bar (3) and the stem (5) of the hook (2) lies in a first plane (8), a second interface between the stem (5) of the hook (2) and the transition (6) of the hook (2) lies in a second plane (9), wherein a third interface between the catching portion (6) of the hook (2) and the end (7) of the hook (2) lies in the second plane (9), wherein the first plane (8) is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (1) and the curve of the hook (10) is oriented tangential to the longitudinal axis (4) of the knitting needle, and wherein the curve of the hook (10) extends in the cross-sectional view of the needle (1) and the needle (2) in a tangential direction to the needle axis (10), and wherein the needle profile (10) extends in a curve of the needle profile (10) of the needle (1) and the needle profile (12) of the needle profile (2) in a curve of the needle profile (10) of the knitting needle profile (1) and a needle profile (10) of the knitting needle profile (2) of the knitting needle profile -wherein the end portion (7) has a first diameter (13) forming the largest diameter of the end portion (7), wherein the transition portion (6) has a second diameter (14) forming the smallest diameter of the transition portion (6), and wherein the second diameter (14) is at least 1.3 times the first diameter (13), characterized in that the collecting space depth (16) of the collecting space (4), defined by the distance between the first plane (8) and the second plane (9), is at least as large as the second diameter (14).

2. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second diameter (14) is at least 1.4 times the first diameter (13).

3. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second diameter (14) is at most twice the first diameter (13).

4. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second diameter (14) is at least 0.5 mm.

5. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the stem (5) has a third diameter (15) which forms the smallest diameter of the stem (5), wherein the third diameter (15) is at least 1.3 times the first diameter (13).

6. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the third diameter (15) is at least 1.4 times the first diameter (13).

7. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the catching space (4) has a catching space entrance width (17) defined by the distance between the shank (5) and the end (7) of the hook (2) at the level of the first plane (8) that is at least as large as the first diameter (13).

8. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the knitting needle (1) is made of steel.

9. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the hook (2) has a circular or oval cross section at least in sections.

10. Knitting needle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the knitting needle (1) is a compound needle.

11. A method for producing a mesh-like knitted fabric (19) by means of a warp knitting machine, characterized in that a knitting needle (1) configured according to one of claims 1 to 10 is used for forming a loop in the warp knitting machine.

12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one warp thread is used for producing the mesh knitted fabric (19), which at least one warp thread locally has a thread thickness which is at least three times greater than the average thread thickness of the warp thread.

13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the inlay movement used in the production of the knitted mesh fabric (19) is a mesh inlay movement.