CN112573627A - Method for improving removal rate and removal efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater - Google Patents
Method for improving removal rate and removal efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN112573627A CN112573627A CN202011424001.0A CN202011424001A CN112573627A CN 112573627 A CN112573627 A CN 112573627A CN 202011424001 A CN202011424001 A CN 202011424001A CN 112573627 A CN112573627 A CN 112573627A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater treatment, which comprises the following steps: 1) putting the wastewater containing the heavy metal X into a pool; 2) pouring the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into the pool; 3) rotationally stirring the waste water in the tank along one direction by using non-electromagnetic force, monitoring the content of heavy metal X in the waste water, and fishing out the non-magnetized magnetic small blocks when the content of X in the solution is not changed any more; 4) putting the used non-magnetized small blocks into deionized water; 5) and stripping a layer of the surface of the small non-magnetized magnetic block by using ultrasonic waves for recycling. The method for removing the heavy metal elements in the wastewater has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and high removal rate and removal efficiency, can be widely applied to the fields of treatment of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and the like, and is a convenient and practical method for improving the removal rate and removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of heavy metals in treated wastewater, belonging to the innovative technology of the method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the treated wastewater.
Background
With the development of industry, more and more industrial wastewater containing heavy metal elements is discharged into the environment, so that the safety of human beings is seriously harmed, and the ecology is damaged. They are therefore removed from the waste water urgently.
There are various methods for removing heavy metals from wastewater, and among them, a physical adsorption method using a magnetic material has been widely noticed because it is simple to operate and low in cost, and can be recycled by magnetic adsorption. However, most of the currently used methods have low removal rate and low removal efficiency. The reason is as follows: during adsorption, only surface electrons basically participate in adsorption and reaction, the number of the participated electrons is limited, and the efficiency is naturally low. If the specific surface area is increased, these powders tend to agglomerate, resulting in low adsorption efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the removal rate and removal efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater. The method for treating heavy metal elements in wastewater has the advantages of low cost, simple operation, high removal rate and removal efficiency, and can be widely applied to the fields of treatment of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the treated wastewater comprises the following steps:
1) putting the wastewater containing the heavy metal X into a pool;
2) pouring the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into the pool;
3) rotationally stirring the waste water in the tank along one direction by using non-electromagnetic force, monitoring the content of heavy metal X in the waste water, and fishing out the non-magnetized magnetic small blocks when the content of X in the solution is not changed any more;
4) putting the used small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water;
5) and stripping a layer of the surface of the small non-magnetized magnetic block by using ultrasonic waves for recycling.
The invention uses non-electromagnetic force to rotate and stir non-magnetized magnetic small block material (a plurality of blocks) with good conductivity along one direction, so that electrons in the non-magnetized magnetic small block material tend to be distributed on the surface of the non-magnetized magnetic small block (newly found physical phenomenon), and at the moment, the electrons with high energy adsorb or reduce heavy metal ions into metal oxides, and the metal oxides are also adsorbed on the surface of the non-magnetized magnetic small block. And recovering the used small non-magnetized magnetic blocks, putting the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water, and ultrasonically stripping the adsorption layer on the surface for recycling. The invention excites the electrons in the bulk (many) of non-magnetized magnetic small block material to participate in the following activities: the heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, As and V) in the adsorption or reaction solution are greatly increased, so that the number of electrons participating in adsorption and reaction is greatly increased, and the removal rate of the heavy metals is increased. The bulk form of the material used facilitates recycling and reuse of the material used. The method of the invention is simple to operate; meanwhile, no external magnetic field is added; and the problem of agglomeration of adsorbed substances does not exist because the magnetic material is not magnetized. The non-magnetized magnetic small block substances are easy to recycle by a filtering mode; moreover, the removal efficiency of the method is 1.7-2 times of that of static or non-magnetic direction alternate stirring. The method for removing the heavy metal elements in the wastewater has the advantages of low cost (the non-magnetized magnetic small block material can be repeatedly utilized), simple operation, high removal rate and removal efficiency, and wide application in the fields of treatment of industrial wastewater containing heavy metals and the like. Is a convenient and practical method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the wastewater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the removal rate with time in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the removal rate with time in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the removal rate with time in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the removal rate with time in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the removal rate with time in example 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of the heavy metals in the wastewater comprises the following steps:
1) putting the wastewater containing the heavy metal X into a pool;
2) pouring the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into the pool;
the non-magnetized magnetic small blocks are non-magnetized magnetic small block substances, that is, magnetic substances, but are not magnetized, and are temporarily called "non-magnetized magnetic small blocks".
3) Rotationally stirring the waste water in the tank along one direction by using non-electromagnetic force, monitoring the content of heavy metal X in the waste water, and fishing out the non-magnetized magnetic small blocks when the content of X in the solution is not changed any more;
4) putting the used small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water;
5) and stripping a layer of the surface of the small non-magnetized magnetic block by using ultrasonic waves for recycling.
The non-magnetized magnetic small block substances are poured into the pool according to the amount of 1 g/L-100 g/L in the step 2).
The grain size of the non-magnetized magnetic small block substance is 1 mm-50 mm.
The non-magnetized magnetic small block substance has the conductivity of>104S/m。
The conductivity of the non-magnetized magnetic small block material is 0.55 to 105S/m～2.55*105S/m。
The stirring speed in the step 3) is as follows: 1rpm to 120 rpm.
The heavy metal is any one or any combination of Pb, Cd, Cr, As and V.
The stirring direction of the step 3) is to rotate the stirring in one direction, such as stirring in a clockwise direction or stirring in a counterclockwise direction.
And 3) stirring by a stirring device.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
example 1
The wastewater containing heavy metal Pb is put into a pool. Simultaneously pouring into the container in an amount of 1 g/L, wherein the container has a size of about 1mm and an electric conductivity of 2.35 x 104And (3) non-magnetized magnetic small block substances of S/m. Agitating by clockwise rotation using non-electromagnetic forceStirring at the stirring speed: 1 rpm. The content of heavy metal Pb in the wastewater is monitored. After the Pb content in the solution is not changed any more, the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks are fished out and put into deionized water, and the adsorption layer on the surface is stripped by ultrasonic waves for recycling.
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the removal rate of Pb (0.1g of Pb/100ml) in a solution with time under the stirring conditions, the static conditions and the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic force stirring conditions of this example. From this curve it can be seen that: the Pb in the solution can be completely removed by stirring the solution for 80 minutes in one direction by the non-electromagnetic force; the adsorption saturation starts after 100 minutes of static adsorption, and the removal rate is only 19 percent; while the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring operation can remove 56% of Pb in 100 minutes.
The removal rate under the stirring condition in this example was 5 times that of the static adsorption method and nearly 2 times that of the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring removal method. The removal efficiency obtained under the conditions of the embodiment is also far higher than that obtained by the other two methods. The removal efficiency is defined in terms of the slope of the curve at the beginning of the removal. The larger the slope, the greater the removal efficiency.
Example 2
The wastewater containing heavy metal Cr is put into a pool. Pouring into the container in an amount of 100 g/L, wherein the container has a size of about 2mm and an electric conductivity of 1.55 x 105And (3) non-magnetized magnetic small block substances of S/m. Stirring along the anticlockwise rotation by using a non-electromagnetic force, wherein the stirring speed is as follows: 120 rpm/min. And monitoring the content of heavy metal Cr in the wastewater. The removal rate of Cr in the solution after 80 minutes was 100%. Taking out the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks, putting the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water, and ultrasonically stripping the adsorption layer on the surface for recycling.
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the Cr removal rate versus time for the stirring conditions of this example, the static adsorption conditions and the directionally-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring conditions, from which it can be seen that: the stirring conditions of this example were used for 80 minutes to completely remove all Cr from the solution; while the direction alternation non-electromagnetic force stirring can only remove 60 percent of Cr within 120 minutes; the adsorption time of 140 minutes is only 17 percent.
The removal rate of Cr under the stirring condition of the embodiment is 5.9 times of that of the static adsorption method and 1.7 times of that of the directionally-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring removal method; the removal efficiency obtained under the conditions of the embodiment is also far higher than that obtained by the other two methods.
Example 3
The wastewater containing heavy metal Cd is put into a pool. Pouring 20 g/L of the mixture into the reactor, wherein the mixture has the size of about 5mm and the conductivity of 3.15 x 104And (3) non-magnetized magnetic small block substances of S/m. Stirring by using a non-electromagnetic force, wherein the stirring speed is as follows: 60rpm/min, stirring with clockwise rotation. And monitoring the content of heavy metal Cd in the wastewater. The removal rate of Cd in the solution after 80 minutes was 100%. The small non-magnetized magnetic blocks are fished out and put into deionized water, and the adsorption layer on the surface is stripped by ultrasound.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of percentage Cd removal versus time for the conditions of this example, at rest and under alternating direction non-electromagnetic agitation, from which it can be seen that: the Cd in the solution was completely removed in 160 minutes under the conditions of this example; while the direction alternation non-electromagnetic force stirring is carried out for 120 minutes, the removal is saturated, and only 53 percent of Cd can be removed; saturation is achieved after the static adsorption is carried out for 140 minutes, and only 19.5 percent of Cd can be adsorbed.
The removal rate under the stirring conditions in this example was 5 times that of the static adsorption method and 1.9 times that of the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring removal method.
Example 4
The wastewater containing heavy metal As is put into a pool. At the same time, 80 g/L of the mixture is poured into the reactor, the size of the reactor is about 20mm, and the conductivity of the reactor is 5.55 to 105And (3) non-magnetized magnetic small block substances of S/m. Stirring along the anticlockwise rotation by using a non-electromagnetic force, wherein the stirring speed is as follows: 80 rpm. The content of heavy metal As in the wastewater is monitored. The removal rate of As in the solution after 220 minutes was 100%. Taking out the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks, putting the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water, and ultrasonically stripping the adsorption layer on the surface for recycling.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing As removal rate with time under the conditions of the present example, under the static adsorption condition and under the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic force agitation. From this curve it can be seen that: the operation of the condition of the embodiment is carried out for 220 minutes to completely remove As in the solution; the mixture is saturated in 160 minutes when stirred by the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic force, and only 54% of As can be removed; saturation begins after 120 minutes of static adsorption, and only 13 percent of adsorption can be carried out.
The removal rate by the stirring method of this example was 7.7 times that by the static adsorption method and 1.8 times that by the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring removal method.
Example 5
The wastewater containing heavy metal V is put into a pool. At the same time, 50 g/L of the mixture is poured into the reactor, the size of the reactor is about 50mm, and the conductivity of the reactor is 7.23 x 104And (3) non-magnetized magnetic small block substances of S/m. Stirring by using a non-electromagnetic force, wherein the stirring speed is as follows: 30rpm/min, stirring with clockwise rotation. The content of heavy metal V in the wastewater is monitored. The removal rate of V in the solution after 120 minutes was 100%. Taking out the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks, putting the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water, and ultrasonically stripping the adsorption layer on the surface for recycling.
FIG. 5 is a comparison of percent V removal versus time for the present example, under quiescent conditions and under alternating-direction non-electromagnetic agitation. From this curve it can be seen that: v in the solution was completely removed in 120 minutes by the method of this example; when the materials are stirred by the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic force for 120 minutes, the materials are removed to reach saturation, and only 52.5 percent of V can be removed; saturation was achieved after 140 minutes of static adsorption, and 53% of V was adsorbed.
The removal rate by the method of this example was 1.9 times that by the stationary adsorption method and 1.9 times that by the direction-alternating non-electromagnetic stirring removal method.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the removal rate and the removal efficiency of heavy metals in treated wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) putting the wastewater containing the heavy metal X into a pool;
2) pouring the small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into the pool;
3) rotationally stirring the waste water in the tank along one direction by using non-electromagnetic force, monitoring the content of heavy metal X in the waste water, and fishing out the non-magnetized magnetic small blocks when the content of X in the solution is not changed any more;
4) putting the used small non-magnetized magnetic blocks into deionized water;
5) and stripping a layer of the surface of the small non-magnetized magnetic block by using ultrasonic waves for recycling.
2. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetized magnetic small lump substance is poured in the step 2) in an amount of 1 g/l to 100 g/l into the tank.
3. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals from wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the non-magnetized magnetic small bulk material has a particle size of 1mm to 50 mm.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the conductivity of the non-magnetized magnetic small bulk material is more than 104S/m.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the non-magnetized magnetic small bulk material has an electrical conductivity of 0.55 x 105S/m to 2.55 x 105S/m.
6. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the stirring rate in the step 3) is: 1rpm to 120 rpm.
7. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater treatment according to claim 1, wherein the heavy metals are any one or any combination of Pb, Cd, Cr, As and V.
8. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals in treated wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the stirring in the step 3) is performed by rotating the stirrer in a clockwise direction.
9. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the direction of the stirring in the step 3) is a counterclockwise direction.
10. The method for improving the removal rate and efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step 3) is carried out by stirring with a stirring device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011424001.0A CN112573627A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Method for improving removal rate and removal efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater |
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| CN202011424001.0A CN112573627A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Method for improving removal rate and removal efficiency of heavy metals in wastewater |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116119851A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-05-16 | 华南师范大学 | Method for improving reaction speed of zero-valent iron particles and iron sheets and heavy metal ions |
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2020
- 2020-12-08 CN CN202011424001.0A patent/CN112573627A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116119851A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-05-16 | 华南师范大学 | Method for improving reaction speed of zero-valent iron particles and iron sheets and heavy metal ions |
| CN116119851B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2024-01-19 | 华南师范大学 | Method for improving reaction speed of zero-valent iron particles and iron sheets and heavy metal ions |
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Application publication date: 20210330 |