CN112571872B - 一种长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道，以聚氨酯改性环氧树脂固化体系为基体，以高强玻璃纤维砂为增强体，采用缠绕成型工艺制备；高强玻璃纤维砂由缠绕机带动，经过树脂槽时被树脂浸润，在管道模具上以42°角度逐层缠绕成型；将树脂槽内树脂改用为酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂固化体系，在不切断玻璃纤维砂的情况下，同样以42°角度由缠绕机进行逐层缠绕，通过更换树脂槽实现阻燃承载层制备；采用铝箔纸缠绕包覆管道，升温固化，冷却脱膜，即得长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道。本发明采用多层结构设计，实现了管道多功能性；一体化成型工艺，避免界面问题，提高管道整体性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料技术领域，具体涉及一种长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道。
背景技术
现阶段，船用海水管道如消防管、输水管道等仍以金属管道为主，特别是合金管道如铜镍合金B10管，由于B10管普遍存在海水腐蚀性问题，越来越多的开始被非金属复合材料管道替代。
非金属复合材料管道以玻璃钢管道为主要代表，其虽能从材料根本上解决腐蚀性问题，但存在功能单一、室内阻燃能力不足、燃烧烟密度过大的问题，限制了其应用范围。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种多功能长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道，集低毒低烟、阻燃、承载、耐海水腐蚀和冲刷于一体，能够解决行业难点，为非金属复合材料的扩大应用提供技术支持。
为达到上述目的，采用技术方案如下：
一种长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道，按以下方式制备而来：
(1)防腐层制备：以聚氨酯改性环氧树脂固化体系为基体，以高强玻璃纤维砂为增强体，采用缠绕成型工艺制备；高强玻璃纤维砂由缠绕机带动，经过树脂槽时被树脂浸润，在管道模具上以42°角度逐层缠绕成型；
(2)阻燃承载层制备：将树脂槽内树脂改用为酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂固化体系，在不切断玻璃纤维砂的情况下，同样以42°角度由缠绕机进行逐层缠绕，通过更换树脂槽实现阻燃承载层制备；
(3)固化：采用铝箔纸缠绕包覆管道，升温固化，冷却脱膜，即得长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道。
按上述方案，管道内径大小为52mm，防腐层的厚度为1-4mm，阻燃承载层的厚度3-6mm。
按上述方案，步骤1中所述聚氨酯改性环氧树脂固化体系由聚氨酯改性环氧树脂、醇类稀释剂和酸酐类固化剂按质量比0.95：0.05：1混合而成；粘度在800mpa.s。
按上述方案，步骤2中所述酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂固化体系由酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂、醇类稀释剂和酸酐类固化剂按质量比0.9：0.1：1混合而成；粘度在800mpa.s。
按上述方案，步骤3中铝箔纸缠绕包覆管道后升温至90℃保温2h，升温至110℃保温2h；4h内缓慢降温至60℃脱模。
相对于现有技术，本发明有益效果如下：
本发明采用铝箔纸缠绕包覆管道，一是利于维持管道纤维张力，二是利于在升温过程中的树脂流动，进一步浸润纤维。
本发明所得复合海水管道的防腐层主要提供耐海水腐蚀和耐含泥沙海水冲刷两个主要功能；阻燃承载层则提供承载能力、阻燃能力，其燃烧释放物及燃烧烟密度满足《国际耐火试验程序应用规则(FTP)》，阻燃能力则满足IMO.753(18)决议《船上使用塑料管道指南》。
采用多层结构设计，实现了管道多功能性；
采用一体化成型工艺，避免界面问题，提高管道整体性能。
具体实施方式
以下实施例进一步阐释本发明的技术方案，但不作为对本发明保护范围的限制。
以下实施例所用聚氨酯改性环氧树脂为南亚树脂昆山有限公司生产的牌号为EPU-133L产品。
以下实施例所用酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂为上纬新材料有限公司生产的牌号为Swancor-2811产品。其中，酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂加入了如炭黑类粉体填料，用于改善燃烧烟雾性能。
本实施例以制备内径为52mm，厚度为3mm长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道为例，具体制备过程如下：
(1)以聚氨酯改性环氧树脂为基体，以高强玻璃纤维砂为增强体，采用缠绕成型工艺制备。将聚氨酯改性过的环氧树脂用醇类稀释剂稀释至800mpa.s附近，随后根据环氧值当量计算酸酐类固化剂的用量，三者按质量比0.95：0.05：1，高强玻璃纤维砂由缠绕机带动，经过树脂槽时被树脂浸润，在管道模具上以42°角度逐层缠绕成型，缠绕厚度至1mm即停止。
(2)将树脂槽内树脂改用为酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂，同样用醇类稀释剂稀释后加入酸酐类固化剂，三者按质量比0.9：0.1：1，粘度同样为800mpa.s左右，以保证良好的浸润性，同样以42°角度由缠绕机进行逐层缠绕至2mm,即构成阻燃承载层。在不切断玻璃纤维砂的情况下，通过更换树脂槽实现体系切换，确保连续性一体化成型。
(3)缠绕完毕后，采用铝箔纸缠绕包覆管道，一是利于维持管道纤维张力，二是利于在升温过程中的树脂流动，进一步浸润纤维。温度首先升至90℃，2h内继续升温至110℃，110℃维持2h，后缓慢降温至60℃，降温时间为4h，脱膜后即成多功能一体化长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道。
耐冲刷能力测试：
试验方法：含泥沙天然海水冲刷，冲刷速度为3.5m/s，10天。
| 项目 | 多功能复合材料管 | B10金属管 |
| 质量损失率 | 0.005g | 0.011g |
| 厚度损失率 | 0.001mm | 0.003mm |
质量对比：
以内径52mm，3mm厚管道为例，管道的重量对比为：
| 项目 | 复合材料管 | B10金属管 |
| 重量 | 1.03kg | 4.06kg |
耐腐蚀能力测试：
采用海水浸泡的形式，在南海天然海域刮板：
| 项目 | 复合材料管 | B10金属管 |
| 海水浸泡六个月 | 无明显变化 | 出现点状锈斑 |
承载能力测试：
依据国标《GB/T 5351-2005》进行耐压测试，结果如下：
| 项目 | 复合材料管 | B10金属管 |
| 压力测试 | 17Mpa | 12Mpa |
阻燃能力测试：
依据IMO.153(18)《船上使用塑料管道指南》，测试结果如下
Claims (1)
1.一种长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道，其特征在于按以下方式制备而来：
(1)防腐层制备：以聚氨酯改性环氧树脂固化体系为基体，以高强玻璃纤维砂为增强体，采用缠绕成型工艺制备；高强玻璃纤维砂由缠绕机带动，经过树脂槽时被树脂浸润，在管道模具上以42°角度逐层缠绕成型；所述聚氨酯改性环氧树脂固化体系由聚氨酯改性环氧树脂、醇类稀释剂和酸酐类固化剂按质量比0.95：0.05：1混合而成；粘度在800mpa.s；
(2)阻燃承载层制备：将树脂槽内树脂改用为酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂固化体系，在不切断玻璃纤维砂的情况下，同样以42°角度由缠绕机进行逐层缠绕，通过更换树脂槽实现阻燃承载层制备；所述酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂固化体系由酚醛阻燃类环氧树脂、醇类稀释剂和酸酐类固化剂按质量比0.9：0.1：1混合而成；粘度在800mpa.s；
(3)固化：采用铝箔纸缠绕包覆管道，升温至90℃保温2h，升温至110℃保温2h，4h内缓慢降温至60℃脱模，即得长效耐腐蚀复合海水管道；其中，管道内径大小为52mm，防腐层的厚度为1-4mm，阻燃承载层的厚度3-6mm。
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