CN112570745A - Self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device and machining method - Google Patents
Self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device and machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112570745A CN112570745A CN202011463076.XA CN202011463076A CN112570745A CN 112570745 A CN112570745 A CN 112570745A CN 202011463076 A CN202011463076 A CN 202011463076A CN 112570745 A CN112570745 A CN 112570745A
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- jaw
- soft
- chuck
- clamping
- clamping jaw
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/103—Retention by pivotal elements, e.g. catches, pawls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
- B23B2231/34—Jaws
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device, and belongs to the technical field of positioning clamps in machining. The flexible clamping jaw type flexible clamping jaw mechanism comprises 4 flexible clamping jaw bodies (100), 4 flexible clamping jaw connecting blocks (102) and 1 clamping jaw body (102), wherein the clamping jaw body (102) is in a cylindrical shape, 4H-shaped guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the clamping jaw body (102), one flexible clamping jaw connecting block (102) capable of freely sliding in each H-shaped guide groove is arranged in each H-shaped guide groove, and 1 flexible clamping jaw (100) is fixed on the top surface of each flexible clamping jaw connecting block (102). The soft claw has a simple structure, and can clamp a cylindrical workpiece between the diameter of a small cambered surface and the diameter of a large cambered surface by utilizing two cambered surface structures with different curvatures, namely the large cambered surface and the small cambered surface, of the clamping surface of the claw.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of positioning fixtures in machining, and relates to a self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw structure and a machining method, which can be used for positioning and clamping cylindrical workpieces.
Background
The self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck is a common fixture for processing cylindrical workpieces, and along with the increasing requirements on the surface quality and the dimensional accuracy of the cylindrical workpieces in the mechanical design and machining processes, the self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck puts higher requirements on the positioning accuracy and the clamping stability of the four-jaw linkage chuck. The chuck jaws are divided into hard jaws and soft jaws according to different selected materials and application occasions, the materials selected by the chuck soft jaws are generally medium carbon steel, aluminum alloy, copper alloy or bakelite, the soft jaws are low in hardness and not prone to scratching or clamping the surface of a workpiece, and meanwhile, the clamping structure of the soft jaws can be trimmed according to the appearance of the workpiece to be machined, so that the purposes of increasing the clamping area of the workpiece and reducing the clamping deformation of the workpiece in the machining process are achieved. General introduction of a four-jaw chuck soft jaw structure and problem analysis: 1. the traditional four-jaw chuck soft jaw is usually manufactured for clamping a workpiece with a certain shape and size, the diameter range of the workpiece to be clamped is small, when the diameter of the workpiece to be clamped is smaller than the curvature of an arc surface, only one random ridge line is arranged on the clamping surface of the soft jaw to clamp the workpiece, and when the diameter of the workpiece to be clamped is equal to the curvature of the arc surface, the workpiece is attached to the curved surface of the clamping surface of the jaw to be accurately clamped; when the diameter of a clamped workpiece exceeds the curvature radius of the clamping surface, the clamping range of the chuck is exceeded, and clamping cannot be carried out; and the centering precision is poor when the workpiece with the non-set size is clamped. 2. The soft claw clamping surface is a single arc surface, the workpiece clamping stress area is small, the radial clamping force is difficult to grasp when clamping parts with poor rigidity, when the clamping force is too large, the workpiece has large deformation, otherwise, when the workpiece clamping force is small, the workpiece can be loosened or even thrown away in the machining process. 3. The traditional chuck soft jaw structure does not have an adjusting function along the axial direction of a workpiece, and cannot meet the processing requirement of the workpiece with higher requirement on the axial tolerance size. Aiming at the characteristics and requirements, the soft jaw structure optimization of the self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck becomes an important method for ensuring accurate positioning and clamping of the cylindrical workpiece and improving the dimensional precision of the cylindrical workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device comprises 4 chuck soft jaws 100, 4 soft jaw connecting blocks 102 and 1 chuck body 102, wherein the chuck body 102 is in a cylindrical shape, 4H-shaped guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the chuck body 102, one soft jaw connecting block 102 capable of freely sliding in each H-shaped guide groove is arranged in each H-shaped guide groove, 1 chuck soft jaw 100 is fixed on the top surface of each soft jaw connecting block 102, the structure of each chuck soft jaw 100 is the same, the device comprises an outer jaw clamping surface 1001, an inner jaw clamping surface 1003, an upper positioning reference surface 1002, a lower positioning reference surface 1004 and a jaw front end surface 1005, each outer jaw clamping surface 1001 and each inner jaw clamping surface 1003 are formed by nesting and connecting 3 arc surfaces, the curvatures of the arc surfaces on two sides are the same and are smaller than that of the arc surface in the middle, and each clamping surface and each jaw front end surface are provided with a transverse clamping surface groove 1006, a back chipping groove 1007 is arranged at the included angle between the clamping surface 1003 of the inner clamping jaw and the lower positioning reference surface 1004, and two positioning counter bores 1008 are arranged on the upper positioning surface 1002; when the device provided by the invention is used for clamping a cylindrical workpiece with the size within a target range, the soft claw is in contact with the cylindrical workpiece through two intersection ridge lines of a large arc surface and a small arc surface on each clamping surface, and the positioning reference surface is used for positioning the workpiece in the axial direction, so that the size precision of the cylindrical workpiece in the axial direction is ensured. The section groove 1006 and the back chipping groove 1007 arranged on the inner clamping surface and the outer clamping surface ensure the repeated positioning precision of the workpiece.
A processing method of a chuck soft claw comprises the following steps: using a positioning bar to prop up the soft claw, milling a large-curvature arc surface and a small-curvature arc surface of the outer clamping surface on the soft claw, and milling two large-curvature arc surfaces and small-curvature arc surfaces of the inner clamping surface by using the same method; and then, processing the upper and lower jaw positioning reference surfaces of the jaws by using an end milling cutter to complete the processing of the inner and outer clamping surfaces and the positioning reference surface of the soft jaw, finally processing a section groove on the clamping surface by using an oblique angle forming milling cutter, inclining the chuck by 45 degrees by using a tilting rotary platform, and processing a root cleaning groove by using a round nose milling cutter to obtain the soft jaw of the chuck.
Has the advantages that:
1. the soft claw has a simple structure, can be processed after being positioned at the numerical control processing center for one time, and can be directly used on the processing center after being processed;
2. the clamping of the cylindrical workpiece between the diameter of the small cambered surface and the diameter of the large cambered surface can be realized by utilizing two cambered surface structures with different curvatures, namely the large cambered surface structure and the small cambered surface structure, of the clamping surface of the clamping jaw;
3. when the workpiece is clamped, each clamping jaw is in double-edge line contact with the workpiece, so that the rotating axis of the cylindrical workpiece can be ensured to be superposed with the rotating center of the chuck, and the clamping precision of the workpiece and the size precision after machining are improved;
4. the upper and lower positioning datum planes can be used as horizontal datum for clamping the workpiece, so that the perpendicularity of the cylindrical workpiece and the bottom surface is guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a single chuck soft claw.
Fig. 3 is a dimension diagram of a single chuck soft jaw.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a range clamping jaw structure and a processing method thereof, which are used for positioning and clamping a cylindrical workpiece and are realized in the embodiment
Of cylindrical work of diameterAnd (4) clamping. The processing method of the range clamping claw structure comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, the soft claws 100 are firstly installed on the soft claw connection block 101, and the soft claw connection block 101 is installed on a self-centering four-claw chuck which is installed on a tiltable working platform of a numerical control machining center along a guide groove on a chuck body 103. Then, the clamping jaws are roughly machined by using a disc milling cutter, and the allowance of 0.5mm is reserved for fine machining.
As shown in FIG. 2, the jaw clamping surface is machined from the outer clamping surface 1001 using the soft jaw nose surface 1005 to clamp the diameter
The positioning bar tightly tensions the clamping jaws, and the center of the chuck is used as the origin of a soft jaw machining coordinate system
The hard alloy end mill is pressed
Machining the large arc surface of the outer clamping surface 1001 by an arc track, milling clockwise, sequentially moving the milling cutter to (-92, 0), (0, -92), (92, 0) and (0, 92), and pressing
Processing a small arc of the outer clamping surface 1001 by an arc track, and processing an upper positioning reference surface 1002 of the outer clamping surface while processing a small arc surface of the clamping surface; using the same method to follow the large arc surface of the inner clamping surface
Small arc surface
The inner clamping surface 1003 and the lower positioning reference surface 1004 are machined.
After the arc structure of the clamping surface is processed, a 45-degree hard alloy forming cutter is used, and a chuck is rotated clockwise to process the inner and outer clamping surface section grooves 1006; inclining the rotary platform to 45 degrees for use
The back gouging milling cutter carries out back gouging processing on the junction of the inner clamping surface, the outer clamping surface and the positioning reference surface, and the chuck is rotated clockwise to complete a back gouging groove 1007 of a clamping jaw structure; and (3) after the machining is finished, detaching the positioning core rod to obtain the self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device, wherein the overall structure is shown as figure 1, the structure of a single chuck soft jaw is shown as figure 2, and a preferable size is shown as figure 3.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications and variations made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device comprises 4 chuck soft jaws (100), 4 soft jaw connecting blocks (102) and 1 chuck main body (102), wherein the chuck main body (102) is cylindrical, 4H-shaped guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the chuck main body (102), one soft jaw connecting block (102) capable of freely sliding in each guide groove is arranged in each H-shaped guide groove, and 1 chuck soft jaw (100) is fixed on the top surface of each soft jaw connecting block (102); each chuck soft jaw (100) is identical in structure and comprises an outer jaw clamping surface (1001), an inner jaw clamping surface (1003), an upper positioning reference surface (1002), a lower positioning reference surface (1004) and a jaw front end surface (1005), each outer jaw clamping surface (1001) and each inner jaw clamping surface (1003) are formed by nesting and connecting 3 arc surfaces, the curvatures of the arc surfaces on two sides are identical and smaller than that of the arc surface in the middle, each jaw clamping surface and the jaw front end surface are provided with a transverse clamping surface section groove (1006), a root cleaning groove (1007) is arranged at the included angle between the inner jaw clamping surface (1003) and the lower positioning reference surface (1004), and two positioning countersunk holes (1008) are formed in the upper positioning surface (1002); when the device provided by the invention is used for clamping a cylindrical workpiece with the size within a target range, the soft claw is in contact with the cylindrical workpiece through two intersection ridge lines of a large arc surface and a small arc surface on each clamping surface, and the positioning reference surface is used for positioning the workpiece in the axial direction, so that the size precision of the cylindrical workpiece in the axial direction is ensured.
2. A processing method of a chuck soft claw comprises the following steps: using a positioning bar to prop up the soft claw, milling a large-curvature arc surface and a small-curvature arc surface of the outer clamping surface on the soft claw, and milling two large-curvature arc surfaces and small-curvature arc surfaces of the inner clamping surface by using the same method; and then, processing the upper and lower jaw positioning reference surfaces of the jaws by using an end milling cutter to complete the processing of the inner and outer clamping surfaces and the positioning reference surface of the soft jaw, finally processing a section groove on the clamping surface by using an oblique angle forming milling cutter, inclining the chuck by 45 degrees by using a tilting rotary platform, and processing a root cleaning groove by using a round nose milling cutter to obtain the soft jaw of the chuck.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011463076.XA CN112570745A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device and machining method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011463076.XA CN112570745A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device and machining method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112570745A true CN112570745A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011463076.XA Pending CN112570745A (en) | 2020-12-08 | 2020-12-08 | Self-centering four-jaw linkage chuck soft jaw device and machining method |
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| CN (1) | CN112570745A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113385958A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-14 | 青海高等职业技术学院(海东市中等职业技术学校) | High-precision centering fixture for numerical control machine tool |
| CN115139117A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-04 | 万向钱潮股份公司 | Clamping device for positioning spatial curved surface |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113385958A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-14 | 青海高等职业技术学院(海东市中等职业技术学校) | High-precision centering fixture for numerical control machine tool |
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| CN115139117A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-10-04 | 万向钱潮股份公司 | Clamping device for positioning spatial curved surface |
| CN115139117B (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-12-06 | 万向钱潮股份公司 | Clamping device for positioning spatial curved surface |
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Application publication date: 20210330 |
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