CN112569052B

CN112569052B - Wheelchair for lower limb fracture patient

Info

Publication number: CN112569052B
Application number: CN202011592089.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖颖雪; 黄银梅; 梁妮
Original assignee: Guigang City People's Hospital
Current assignee: Guigang City People's Hospital
Priority date: 2020-12-29
Filing date: 2020-12-29
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-29
Also published as: CN112569052A

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheelchair for a patient with lower limb fracture, which comprises a wheelchair body, a base, side wheels, a cushion and handrails, wherein the side wheels are supported on two sides of the base, the cushion is flatly arranged on the base, the handrails are arranged on two sides of the cushion, and the wheelchair body is improved in that: the first support comprises a rotating cylinder, a guide plate and a sliding plate; the part of the armrest positioned at the front end of the wheelchair is in a vertical tubular shape, and the rotating cylinder is rotatably sleeved outside the armrest of the part; the guide plate is in a long plate shape parallel to the cushion, one end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating cylinder, and the other end of the guide plate is provided with a guide groove along the length direction of the guide plate from the end surface; the sliding plate is in a long plate shape matched with the guide groove in shape and can be inserted into the guide groove in a sliding mode. The wheelchair is provided with the brace for supporting the affected limb, so that the wheelchair is convenient to use.

Description

Wheelchair for patient with lower limb fracture

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wheelchair, in particular to a wheelchair for a patient with lower limb fracture, which is particularly suitable for a patient with tibiofibula fracture.

Background

Tibiofibula is the term for tibia and fibula. Single fracture of tibial shaft, double fracture of tibiofibular stem and single fracture of fibula stem are most common in general fracture, and are commonly called tibiofibular fracture because the close and injury of physiological positions are often concurrent. The existing tibiofibula fracture patients often need to rely on wheelchairs for transfer and movement. However, the common wheelchair cannot support and fix the lower limbs of the patient well in the using process, is inconvenient to use, and even can increase the pain of the patient in the using process of the wheelchair to influence the recovery speed of the affected limb.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wheelchair for a patient with lower limb fracture, which is provided with a brace for supporting an affected limb and is convenient to use.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a lower limbs fracture patient uses wheelchair, includes the wheelchair, and it includes the base, supports in the side wheel of base both sides, keep flat the cushion of locating above the base, locate the handrail of cushion both sides, and its improvement lies in: the first support comprises a rotating cylinder, a guide plate and a sliding plate; the part of the armrest positioned at the front end of the wheelchair is in a vertical tubular shape, and the rotating cylinder is rotatably sleeved outside the armrest of the part; the guide plate is in a long plate shape parallel to the cushion, one end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating cylinder, and the other end of the guide plate is provided with a guide groove along the length direction of the guide plate from the end surface; the sliding plate is in a long plate shape matched with the guide groove in shape and can be inserted into the guide groove in a sliding mode.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

the wheelchair for the patient with the lower limb fracture further comprises a second support, wherein the second support comprises a first fixing cylinder, a supporting rod, a leg binding groove, a fixing belt and a pedal; the first fixed cylinder is fixedly sleeved outside the handrail below the rotating cylinder; one end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed cylinder, and the other end of the supporting rod inclines towards the front lower part of the wheelchair; the pedal is arranged at the lower end of the support rod and used for pedaling; the leg binding groove is a long arc-shaped groove with two through ends, the long side of the leg binding groove is arranged along the axial direction of the supporting rod, and the notch of the leg binding groove faces to one side of the pedal; the fixing bands are provided with at least two pairs and the same pair of fixing bands are respectively connected to two sides of the opening of the leg binding groove at the same position. The first support of the invention is used for the condition that the lower limb of the patient can not be bent; the second brace is used in cases where the lower limb, and in particular the lower leg, is bendable.

Furthermore, in order to adjust the position of the leg binding groove conveniently, the support rod is provided with two sliding grooves along the axial direction, sliding blocks are connected in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, the sliding blocks in the two sliding grooves are fixedly connected with the leg binding groove, the sliding blocks are provided with screw holes, the screw holes are in threaded connection with adjusting screws, and the sliding blocks are fastened on the sliding grooves when the adjusting screws are screwed tightly.

The wheelchair for the patient with lower limb fracture further comprises a clamping mechanism, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a second fixing cylinder and two clamping plates; the part of the armrest at the rear end of the wheelchair is also in a vertical tubular shape, the second fixing cylinder is fixedly sleeved outside the armrest at the part, the two clamping plates are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second fixing cylinder in an upper-lower two-layer mode, and the guide plate has the length capable of rotating to the clamping mechanism and has the thickness capable of being clamped between the two clamping plates. The clamping mechanism is used for collecting the first support at two sides of the wheelchair.

Furthermore, in order to clamp the first brace more firmly, the clamping surfaces of the two clamping plates are provided with convex anti-falling blocks.

The top surface or the bottom surface of the guide groove of the guide plate is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting groove is parallel to the opening of the guide groove; the surface of the sliding plate close to the limiting groove is provided with a plurality of blind holes, limiting blocks are arranged in the blind holes, and first springs are arranged between the limiting blocks and the bottoms of the blind holes; when the limiting block slides to the position of the limiting groove along with the sliding plate, the limiting block is clamped into the limiting groove under the action of the first spring. The limiting blocks and the limiting grooves are matched for use, so that the sliding plate is prevented from falling off from the guide groove in the using process, and further, accidental sending is avoided.

Furthermore, the side wall of the limiting groove close to the opening of the guide groove is vertically provided; the limiting block comprises an inserting part, a sliding part and a limiting part; the inserting part is inserted into the first spring; the sliding part is arranged between the inserting part and the limiting part, has a size larger than the inner diameter of the first spring and can slide in the blind hole along the axial direction; the limiting part is a part clamped into the limiting groove, and is provided with a vertical surface facing the opening of the guide groove and an arc surface facing away from the opening of the guide groove. The limiting block is provided with an inserting part and a sliding part so as to be better matched with the first spring for use; the limiting part is provided with a vertical surface so as to be matched with the vertical side wall of the limiting groove, so that the anti-falling performance is better; the cambered surface arranged on the limiting part is convenient for the sliding plate to retract inwards, so that the limiting part is prevented from being clamped in the limiting groove too tightly.

The first support also comprises a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is convexly arranged at the extending end of the sliding plate. The spacing collar has the effects of being used for penetrating the sole to prevent the leg from falling off from the first support and preventing the sliding plates from being completely retracted into the guide grooves to facilitate stretching.

Furthermore, the limiting ring comprises two bottom plates, two inserting cylinders, two second springs and an elastic rope; the two bottom plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the top surface of the sliding plate; the inserting cylinder is vertically fixed on the bottom plate; two ends of the elastic rope are respectively inserted into the two inserting cylinders; the lower end of the second spring is fixed at the bottom of the splicing barrel, and the upper end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the insertion end of the elastic rope. The inserting cylinder is mainly used for limiting; the insertion tube and the bungee cord are primarily intended to mate, thereby stretching the bungee cord to a greater degree and better fitting the patient's foot.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the first brace with the adjustable length and the adjustable rotation angle is used for conveniently supporting the affected limb of the patient with the tibiofibula fracture, is beneficial to the transfer of the patient and reduces the occurrence of accidents in the transfer process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first brace in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide plate of the first support in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sliding plate of the first brace in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a stopper of the sliding plate in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a spacing ring of the first brace in fig. 2.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second brace in the embodiment of fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the connection between the first brace and the second brace of fig. 1.

Fig. 10 and 11 are a sectional view and an exploded view of the lower end of the rotary cylinder of the first brace, respectively.

The reference numbers in the figures are:

1. a wheelchair; 11. a base; 12. a side wheel; 13. a cushion; 14. a handrail;

2. a first brace; 21. a rotating cylinder; 211. a ball bearing; 212. an accommodation hole; 213. a sleeve; 214. a shoulder is formed; 215. a first through hole; 216. a second through hole; 22. a guide plate; 221. a guide groove; 222. a limiting groove; 23. a sliding plate; 231. blind holes; 232. a first spring; 233. a limiting block; 234. a plug-in part; 235. a sliding part; 236. a limiting part; 24. a limiting ring; 241. a base plate; 242. a plug-in barrel; 243. a second spring; 244. an elastic cord; 25. a first card slot; 26. a second card slot; 27. a reinforcing plate;

3. a second brace; 31. a support bar; 32. a chute; 33. a slider; 34. a leg binding groove; 35. fixing belts; 36. a pedal; 37. an adjusting screw; 38. a first fixed cylinder; 381. a limiting hole;

4. a clamping mechanism; 41. a second fixed cylinder; 42. a splint; 43. the anticreep piece.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention and are not restrictive thereof.

As shown in fig. 1, the wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture of the present embodiment includes a wheelchair 1, and the wheelchair 1 has the same structure as a conventional wheelchair, and includes a base 11, side wheels 12 supported on both sides of the base 11, a seat cushion 13 flatly disposed on the base 11, armrests 14 disposed on both sides of the seat cushion 13, a backrest at the rear end of the seat cushion 13, and the like. The wheelchair for the patient with lower limb fracture further comprises a first support 2, a clamping mechanism 4 and a second support 3. The first brace 2, the clamp mechanism 4, and the second brace 3 are provided on both sides of the wheelchair 1, and are partially omitted in the drawings.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the first support 2 includes a rotary cylinder 21, a guide plate 22, and a slide plate 23. The part of the armrest 14 at the front end of the wheelchair 1 is in a vertical tubular shape, and the rotating cylinder 21 is rotatably sleeved outside the armrest 14 at the part. The guide plate 22 is in a long plate shape parallel to the seat cushion 13, one end of the guide plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the rotary cylinder 21, and the other end of the guide plate is provided with a guide groove 221 along the length direction of the guide plate 22 from the end surface; the guide groove 221 of the present embodiment has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. A triangular reinforcing plate 27 is provided between the rotary cylinder 21 and the guide plate 22. The sliding plate 23 is an elongated plate shaped to fit the guide groove 221, and is slidably inserted into the guide groove 221.

Wherein, the top surface or the bottom surface of the guide slot 221 of the guide plate 22 is provided with a limit slot 222, and the limit slot 222 is parallel to the opening of the guide slot 221. The sliding plate 23 is provided with a plurality of blind holes 231 on the surface close to the limiting groove 222, a limiting block 233 is arranged in the blind hole 231, and a first spring 232 is arranged between the limiting block 233 and the bottom of the blind hole 231. When the limiting block 233 slides to the position of the limiting groove 222 along with the sliding plate 23, the limiting block 233 is clamped into the limiting groove 222 under the action of the first spring 232.

In addition, the side wall of the limiting groove 222 close to the opening of the guide groove 221 is vertically opened. The stopper 233 includes an insertion part 234, a sliding part 235, and a stopper 236. The insertion part 234 is inserted into the first spring 232. The sliding portion 235 is disposed between the insertion portion 234 and the limiting portion 236, has a size larger than the inner diameter of the first spring 232, and is axially slidable in the blind hole 231. The position-limiting portion 236 is a portion that is inserted into the position-limiting groove 222, and the position-limiting portion 236 is provided with a vertical surface that is open toward the guide groove 221 and an arc surface that is open away from the guide groove 221.

Referring to fig. 7, the first brace 2 further includes a stopper ring 24, which is disposed at the protruding end of the sliding plate 23 in a protruding manner. The stop collar 24 includes two bottom plates 241, two insertion tubes 242, two second springs 243, and an elastic cord 244. The two bottom plates 241 are fixed to both sides of the top surface of the sliding plate 23, respectively. The insertion tube 242 is fixed upright on the bottom plate 241. Both ends of the elastic cord 244 are inserted into the two insertion cylinders 242, respectively. The lower end of the second spring 243 is fixed at the bottom of the insertion tube 242, and the upper end of the second spring 243 is fixedly connected with the insertion end of the elastic rope 244.

Referring to fig. 6, the chucking mechanism 4 includes a second fixed cylinder 41 and two-piece chucking plates 42; the part of the armrest 14 at the rear end of the wheelchair 1 is also in a vertical tubular shape, the second fixing cylinder 41 is fixedly sleeved outside the armrest 14 at the part, the two clamping plates 42 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second fixing cylinder 41 in an upper-layer and lower-layer mode, a raised anti-falling block 43 is arranged on the clamping surface of the two clamping plates 42, and the anti-falling block 43 can be made of rubber materials.

At this time, the guide plate 22 has a length rotatable to the gripping mechanism 4 and has a thickness that can be gripped between the two clamping plates 42. A first notch-shaped slot 25 is formed in a portion of the guide plate 22 clamped in the clamping mechanism 4, a second slot 26 is formed in a position of the sliding plate 23 corresponding to the first slot 25 after retracting into the guide plate 22, and the first slot 25 and the second slot 26 are arc-shaped and are clamped on the side wall of the second fixing cylinder 41 in a matching manner. The first engaging groove 25 and the second engaging groove 26 cooperate with the second fixing tube 41 to better hold the first prop 2 and prevent the sliding plate 23 from being easily pulled out.

Referring to fig. 8, the second brace 3 includes a first fixing cylinder 38, a support rod 31, a leg binding groove 34, a fixing band 35, and a pedal 36; the first fixed cylinder 38 is fixedly sleeved outside the handrail 14 below the rotating cylinder 21; one end of the support rod 31 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed cylinder 38, and the other end inclines towards the front lower part of the wheelchair 1; the pedal 36 is arranged at the lower end of the support rod 31 and used for pedaling; the leg binding groove 34 is a long arc-shaped groove with two ends penetrating, the long side of the groove is arranged along the axial direction of the support rod 31, and the notch of the leg binding groove 34 faces to the side where the pedal 36 is located; the fixing bands 35 are provided in at least two pairs, and the same pair of fixing bands 35 are attached to both sides of the opening of the leg-restraining groove 34 at the same position, respectively.

In addition, two sliding grooves 32 are symmetrically formed in the support rod 31 along the axial direction, sliding blocks 33 are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 32, the sliding blocks 33 in the two sliding grooves 32 are fixedly connected with leg binding grooves 34, screw holes are formed in the sliding blocks 33, adjusting screws 37 are in threaded connection with the screw holes, and the sliding blocks 33 are fastened on the sliding grooves 32 when the adjusting screws 37 are screwed. The chute 32 may be a conventional single linear rail, and may include a V-shaped rail, a rectangular rail, a dovetail rail, etc., which are divided into sections.

With reference to fig. 9-11, a plurality of limiting holes 381 are uniformly distributed on the top of the first fixing cylinder 38 along the circumferential direction, and a plurality of balls 211 corresponding to the limiting holes 381 are disposed on the bottom of the rotating cylinder 21. The ball 211 can be accommodated in the position-limiting hole 381, and after the ball 211 is accommodated in the position-limiting hole 381, the top surface of the first fixed cylinder 38 and the bottom surface of the rotary cylinder 21 are closely attached to each other. The ball 211 can not only facilitate the rotation of the rotating cylinder 21 by rolling, but also can enter the limit hole 381, and can avoid random shaking when supporting the affected limb under the pressing action of the affected limb of the patient, thereby playing a limiting role.

Wherein, the bottom of the rotary cylinder 21 is sleeved with a sleeve 213 with the inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the rotary cylinder 21, the bottom of the sleeve 213 is provided with a first through hole 215 and a plurality of second through holes 216, the first through hole 215 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the sleeve 213 and the aperture is not smaller than the inner diameter of the rotary cylinder 21, the number of the second through holes 216 is the same as that of the balls 211 and is arranged around the first through hole 215, the balls 211 are clamped between the rotary cylinder 21 and the sleeve 213 and part of the lower part of the balls is exposed out of the lower end of the second through holes 216, and the bottom of the rotary cylinder 21 is provided with an accommodating hole 212 for accommodating the upper part of the balls 211 corresponding to the position of the balls 211. The sleeve 213 may be fixedly connected to the rotary cylinder 21 by means of a screw connection or the like.

In addition, the bottom of the inner wall of the sleeve 213 is provided with a convex shoulder 214 along the circumferential direction, and the shoulder 214 is used for preventing the balls 211 from being compressed between the rotating cylinder 21 and the sleeve 213. The shoulder 214 is preferably an annular structure.

The application method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:

for patients whose lower limbs cannot be bent, the first brace 2 should be used. When the wheelchair is used, the guide plate 22 rotates to a proper position at the front end of the wheelchair 1 along with the rotating cylinder 21, the sliding plate 23 is pulled out, then the affected limb is supported on the guide plate 22 and the sliding plate 23, the sole of the foot is penetrated by the limiting ring 24, the elastic rope 244 of the limiting ring 24 is tightened on the bare foot, and the wheelchair 1 can be pushed to transfer immediately. After use, the sliding plate 23 is retracted, and the guide plates 22 are rotated to the two sides of the wheelchair 1 and clamped by the clamping mechanism 4. For patients with lower limbs that can bend, the second brace 3 can also be used. When in use, the foot sole steps on the pedal 36, the lower leg side is close to the leg binding groove 34, and then the fixing belt 35 is used for tightly binding. After use, the fixing band 35 is unfastened.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a lower limbs fracture patient uses wheelchair, includes wheelchair (1), and it includes base (11), supports in side wheel (12) of base (11) both sides, lie flat locate cushion (13) on base (11), locate handrail (14) of cushion (13) both sides, its characterized in that: the first support (2) comprises a rotating cylinder (21), a guide plate (22) and a sliding plate (23); the part of the armrest (14) positioned at the front end of the wheelchair (1) is in a vertical tubular shape, and the rotating cylinder (21) is rotatably sleeved outside the armrest (14) at the part; the guide plate (22) is in a long plate shape parallel to the seat cushion (13), one end of the guide plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rotating cylinder (21), and the other end of the guide plate is provided with a guide groove (221) along the length direction of the guide plate (22) from the end surface; the sliding plate (23) is in a long plate shape matched with the guide groove (221) in shape and can be inserted into the guide groove (221) in a sliding mode;

the wheelchair for the patient with lower limb fracture further comprises a second brace (3) which comprises a first fixing cylinder (38), a supporting rod (31), a leg binding groove (34), a fixing belt (35) and a pedal (36); the first fixed cylinder (38) is fixedly sleeved outside the handrail (14) below the rotating cylinder (21); one end of the supporting rod (31) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed cylinder (38), and the other end of the supporting rod inclines towards the front lower part of the wheelchair (1); the pedal (36) is arranged at the lower end of the support rod (31) and is used for pedaling; the leg binding groove (34) is a long arc-shaped groove with two through ends, the long side of the leg binding groove is arranged along the axial direction of the supporting rod (31), and the notch of the leg binding groove (34) faces to the side where the pedal (36) is located; the fixing belts (35) are provided with at least two pairs, and the fixing belts (35) of the same pair are respectively connected to the two sides of the opening of the leg binding groove (34) at the same position;

the wheelchair for the patient with lower limb fracture further comprises a clamping mechanism (4) which comprises a second fixing cylinder (41) and two splints (42); the part of the armrest (14) positioned at the rear end of the wheelchair (1) is also in a vertical tubular shape, the second fixing cylinder (41) is fixedly sleeved outside the armrest (14) at the part, the two clamping plates (42) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the second fixing cylinder (41) in an upper-layer and lower-layer mode, and the guide plate (22) has the length capable of rotating to the clamping mechanism (4) and has the thickness capable of being clamped between the two clamping plates (42).

2. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 1, wherein: the top surface or the bottom surface of the guide groove (221) of the guide plate (22) is provided with a limiting groove (222), and the limiting groove (222) is parallel to the opening of the guide groove (221); the surface of the sliding plate (23) close to the limiting groove (222) is provided with a plurality of blind holes (231), limiting blocks (233) are arranged in the blind holes (231), and first springs (232) are arranged between the limiting blocks (233) and the bottoms of the blind holes (231); when the limiting block (233) slides to the position of the limiting groove (222) along with the sliding plate (23), the limiting block is clamped into the limiting groove (222) under the action of the first spring (232).

3. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 2, wherein: the side wall of the limiting groove (222) close to the opening of the guide groove (221) is vertically arranged; the limiting block (233) comprises an inserting part (234), a sliding part (235) and a limiting part (236); the insertion part (234) is inserted into the first spring (232); the sliding part (235) is arranged between the inserting part (234) and the limiting part (236), is larger than the inner diameter of the first spring (232) in size and can slide in the blind hole (231) along the axial direction; the limiting part (236) is clamped into the limiting groove (222), and a vertical surface facing the opening of the guide groove (221) and an arc surface facing away from the opening of the guide groove (221) are arranged on the limiting part (236).

4. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 1, wherein: the first support (2) also comprises a limiting ring (24) which is convexly arranged at the extending end of the sliding plate (23).

5. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 4, wherein: the limiting ring (24) comprises two bottom plates (241), two inserting cylinders (242), two second springs (243) and an elastic rope (244); the two bottom plates (241) are respectively fixed on two sides of the top surface of the sliding plate (23); the insertion cylinder (242) is vertically fixed on the bottom plate (241); two ends of the elastic rope (244) are respectively inserted into the two insertion cylinders (242); the lower end of the second spring (243) is fixed at the bottom of the insertion cylinder (242), and the upper end of the second spring (243) is fixedly connected with the insertion end of the elastic rope (244).

6. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 1, wherein: and a raised anti-falling block (43) is arranged on the clamping surface of the two clamping plates (42).

7. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 1, wherein: a reinforcing plate (27) is arranged between the rotating cylinder (21) and the guide plate (22).

8. The wheelchair for patients with lower limb fracture according to claim 1, wherein: two sliding grooves (32) are symmetrically formed in the supporting rod (31) along the axial direction, sliding blocks (33) are connected in the sliding grooves (32) in a sliding mode, the sliding blocks (33) in the two sliding grooves (32) are fixedly connected with the leg binding grooves (34), screw holes are formed in the sliding blocks (33), adjusting screws (37) are connected with the screw holes in a threaded mode, and the sliding blocks (33) are fastened on the sliding grooves (32) when the adjusting screws (37) are screwed.