Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in order to meet the requirements of transaction security and device portability, the present invention divides the mobile phone end into two parts, namely a camera receiving end and a flash light transmitting end.
The device payment information interaction system based on optical wireless communication provided by the invention mainly comprises the following contents:
satellite module-based telecommunication system
Because the product position of the actual scene is irregular, products existing around the consumer need to be searched, and all information needs to provide application service through the server. The design can realize accurate inquiry of the positions of nearby products by using the satellite module, so that the currently used products can be selected more conveniently, and the accuracy of a transaction object is ensured.
And marking the offline address information of all products into a navigation map by the merchant through map marking, so that the user can see the information of the merchant on the map of the mobile terminal. And the map is labeled, so that the user can conveniently navigate to the required product.
In the invention, the user realizes self positioning through a satellite module in the WeChat applet and displays surrounding equipment in an electronic map. And the user checks the details of the equipment in the map and performs ordering operation. The satellite module not only serves as a navigation module, but also serves as a communication mode for linking the mobile terminal and the background server terminal.
The invention provides a remote communication method based on a satellite module, which comprises the following steps: the merchant device detects the type of the articles in the device through an image sensor arranged in the fixed device and judges whether the articles are out of stock. And sending the article information in the equipment to a server through a satellite module, and returning and transmitting the processing result to the equipment and the mobile terminal through a ground base station network or a satellite network by the server. And after the equipment end receives the permission signal, the corresponding motor acts to wait for fetching the object. The mobile terminal receives the deduction result. The management terminal judges whether replenishment is needed or not and what kind of articles in the area are sold successfully by receiving the information.
(II) payment transaction system based on optical wireless communication
The system is basically the same as a traditional Visible Light Communication (VLC) system in structure and mainly comprises two parts: a transmitting end and a receiving end. In consideration of the quality of cellular network signals and different scenes in practical application scenes, three different transaction conditions are designed, and a sending end and a receiving end are different.
Aiming at online transaction, the sending end is an advertisement display page of a product (such as a sales counter) and the advertisement page passes ID information through an LED driving circuit on the basis of normally displaying advertisements, so that an LED quickly flickers to dynamically express the ID information. The receiving end is a CMOS camera of the mobile end, the rolling shutter effect of the CMOS camera is used, the flickering ID information is visualized as the information of the picture, and the information is restored and displayed through software decoding. According to the scheme, high-speed information communication is realized under the condition that the frequency spectrum is not occupied, and the problem that static codes are replaced and loss is caused when a merchant uses the static cash register codes is effectively solved.
In view of the present invention, a camera is used as a receiver, and the received signal and channel gain are different from those of a conventional PD receiver.
Traditional LED DC channel gain Hled,rComprises the following steps:
wherein m is Lambert index, A is PD receiver surface area, d is distance from transmitter to receiver, phi is transmission angle,
in order to receive the angle of incidence,
in
At the maximum receiving angle of view, n is the refractive index.
LED direct current channel gain H of the inventionled,rComprises the following steps:
where r is the refractive index of the camera, x is the number of pixels, and v is the size of a unit pixel.
Conventional received signal SrComprises the following steps:
Sr=ξHled,rTled+η
where ξ is the photoelectric conversion efficiency, Hled,rFor channel gain, Tledη is white gaussian noise for the total transmit power.
The invention receives a signal SrComprises the following steps:
Sr=αβROIξHled,rTled+η
wherein, alpha is a non-distortion factor, betaROIIs the projection area of the camera, xi is the photoelectric conversion efficiency, Hled,rFor the channel gain of the invention, Tledη is white gaussian noise for the total transmit power.
Aiming at the complex places with poor cellular network or electromagnetic wave sensitivity, an off-line transaction mode is provided, the transaction amount is stored in an account in advance, and a user selects a required article through a product and then pays by taking a mobile terminal as a virtual card. In this mode, one mode is to use NFC to perform mutual information transmission by physical touch, and perform consumption transaction; the other is that the mobile terminal uses visible light wireless communication to pay. Both payment means are selectable by the applet for use. The sending end of visible light wireless communication payment is a flash lamp of a mobile phone, an account of a user is encrypted through a public key and a private key to generate binary information, and then the flash lamp of the mobile terminal is called through software to enable the binary information to be changed into a flickering light information stream. The receiving end adopts a photodiode to convert optical information flow into an electric signal, the signal is recovered through an operational amplifier, a voltage comparator, a band-pass filter and the like, finally, the user account information is determined through demodulation information and is uploaded to a database, and a motor corresponding to a required product is driven to complete transaction.
The method comprises the steps that transaction communication is conducted on a plurality of mobile terminals, a user calls a flash lamp through a small program to send information, and a camera receives the information. The long-distance communication adopts cellular network or satellite communication and the like.
The following is a detailed payment transaction system flow:
1. selecting products, generating orders, completing payments online
1.1, ID information modulation. The product displays normal advertising information by using an LED panel, and simultaneously carries out high-speed on-off flashing transmission of ID information. The ID information can be input by a computer, data information is sent to a microcontroller with an STM32F4103 single chip microcomputer as a core through a serial port module, and then the single chip microcomputer modulates the data to generate square wave signals corresponding to the information.
1.2, ID information drive. The signal after modulation and coding is amplified by the operational amplifier module, then high-frequency noise is filtered by the second-order band-pass filter, and finally the square wave signal with variable height is superposed on a direct current voltage by the bias module, so that the LED driving circuit realizes the function of sending external information and realizes normally bright display of the advertising panel.
And 1.3, acquiring the ID information. After the small program is opened, the electronic map displayed on the page comprises all products marked with position information, and after clicking and scanning, a camera is called to scan the advertisement display page to acquire the ID information of the products. The camera can capture LED flicker variation which can not be seen by human eyes, and light and dark stripes presented on the picture are ID information of the product. When the LED is off, a dark stripe is formed on the image; when the LED is off, a bright stripe is formed on the image.
And 1.4, processing ID information. After the ID information is converted into image information by step 1.3, the image information needs to be processed. Firstly, converting an RGB image into a gray image, acquiring the gray value of the image, and selecting a row of gray value data for signal demodulation. And then calculating the distance d between the two through the projection area, calculating the direct current gain, and converting into a pixel formula. Wherein the DC gain formula is:
the logical value is then determined by setting an adaptive threshold, with the gray value greater than the threshold set to a logical 1 and conversely set to a logical 0. And finally, detecting the packet loss rate, combining the data packets, recovering and displaying the ID information of the product.
And 1.5, selecting payment for the page. And after scanning the ID information, the user opens a corresponding electronic store, selects goods or services in the store, submits an order and selects WeChat payment. And then the merchant background receives the payment order of the user, calls a unified ordering port for WeChat payment, generates a standard electronic signature and transmits the data to the applet. And finally, calling WeChat payment by the applet, displaying a payment completion interface by the user after the payment is completed, providing products or services by the merchant, and receiving a payment notice.
2. Offline product selection and virtual card payment
2.1, virtual card charging. And a part of money is recharged in advance through the WeChat, and a virtual account is established. And uploading the information such as account information, legality and residual amount to a server.
And 2.2, account information modulation. And inputting the amount information through the small program interface, and modulating the encrypted information source information such as account information, a key and the like into binary information by the mobile phone microcontroller. The design adopts special coding rules, and aims to weaken the stroboscopic phenomenon caused by information transmission.
And 2.3, driving a high-speed flash lamp. One of the reasons that the transmission rate of conventional LED communication is low is that there is no LED driving circuit that responds quickly to high frequency signals. However, the design is to improve the transmission rate of the offline account information and determine to drive the flash lamp by adopting a high-frequency signal. Based on this, this design has adopted the drive circuit of the high frequency part of an increase signal, has improved the high frequency SNR of signal, can make the receiving end of product can be under the condition of information high-speed transmission, receive and resume the signal more fast, accurately.
2.4, a photoelectric conversion module. Since the transmitting end uses high-speed visible light wireless communication, a device that responds quickly to the use of a high-frequency modulated signal is required. The design adopts an avalanche photodiode module, which is a module with ultralow noise, high speed and high mutual impedance, and can change optical signals into electric signals.
2.5, a received signal amplifying circuit. After passing through the photoelectric conversion module, the optical signal becomes a weak current signal. The current signal is inconvenient for subsequent processing and needs to be converted into a voltage signal. The design converts and amplifies the photocurrent signal into a smaller voltage signal through the trans-impedance amplifier. And then the alternating current signal is output through a second-order high-pass filter circuit, and the direct current bias is filtered. And finally, amplifying the voltage signal through an operational amplifier circuit.
2.6, a decision circuit module. And a hard decision circuit is used, a reverse voltage comparator is used for deciding a signal, wherein the signal higher than a set threshold value is a low-level signal, the signal lower than the set threshold value is a high-level signal, and the signal is converted into a square wave signal convenient for decoding.
2.7, a signal decoding module. And merging the data packets, checking the sequence number, the packet loss rate, the check code and the like, and decoding the information according to an encryption rule. The information is transmitted and uploaded to a server to carry out transaction request, judge whether the transaction is legal or not, calculate balance, store information and respond to a relevant relay or a motor. And when the user is networked, the server automatically updates the balance of the mobile terminal user.
3. Payment among multiple mobile terminals
3.1 transaction information delivery
The method comprises the steps of inputting information such as personal account information, amount information, a public key and a private key at a mobile terminal, generating a corresponding encrypted signal through an internal chip, generating a modulation signal through a modulation module, finally calling a flash lamp, and loading the modulation signal to a driving circuit of the flash lamp to realize electro-optical signal conversion.
3.2 transaction information reception
Through another party moving terminal, continuously shooting multiple frames of pictures by using a camera, then carrying out gray value conversion, denoising and other processing on the pictures, carrying out threshold processing by using binaryzation, recovering an original signal, finally carrying out decryption by using a public key and a private key, recovering the original signal, carrying out corresponding operation, and realizing instant transaction.
Case one:
the invention provides a device payment information interaction system based on visible light wireless communication. The online payment transaction of the present invention will be described by taking an indoor and outdoor vending machine with a good communication status as an example.
1. Basic information uploading of vending machine
The vending machine is placed and installed according to the requirements of merchants, the position of the vending machine is accurately calculated by using the satellite communication module, and the position information is uploaded to the server. And the sensor in the vending machine uploads the types and the quantity of the articles in the vending machine to the server. As shown in the device-side upload portion of fig. 2.
2. Applet generation of orders
A user at a mobile terminal can use an electronic map in a small program to check the current position of the user, and the search service of the design adopts a Geohash algorithm and protects the private position of the user at the same time. Manual selection of the vending machine may be performed to view item information within the vending machine and support navigation services. And selecting the article, paying and generating order information. This information is transmitted to the server via a terrestrial base station or a satellite base station. The end portions are moved as shown in fig. 2.
3. Vending machine generation matching ID information
The server generates specific machine ID information (transaction verification information configured by the server) through an order, the information is sent to the vending machine through the satellite communication module, the vending machine carries out signal modulation on the ID information through the integrated chip, and then the ID information is converted into an invisible flickering optical signal through the amplification, filtering and LED driving circuits, and meanwhile, the advertising page is normally displayed. As shown in the input section of fig. 3.
5. Receiving information by mobile terminal
By scanning in the mobile terminal applet, as shown in a receiving end part of fig. 3, a camera is called to scan an advertisement page of the current vending machine, a CMOS sensor is used for acquiring ID information, the ID information is decoded, machine matching is carried out on the applet, the transaction validity and the accuracy of the matched machine are verified, and finally the applet uploads the result to a server.
4. Transaction settlement
After the matched result is uploaded to the server, the server returns the result, and the small program automatically transfers to a payment page to remind the user of paying. After the user successfully pays, the information is uploaded to the server, the server issues an instruction, the mobile terminal jumps to a completion page, the vending machine terminal operates the control device to perform response operation, and the user finishes the transaction after taking out the article.
Case two:
the invention provides a device payment information interaction system based on visible light wireless communication. The offline payment transaction of the present invention is described by way of example with the cellular network disabled or hospital vending machines having poor communication quality.
1. Preliminary preparation
Hospitals have stringent requirements for electromagnetic radiation. The use of radio frequency communication in hospitals may have an impact on cardiac pacemakers, hearing aids, and the like. In view of this, the present design uses optical communication for the transaction means, and the user can store the amount of money in the account of the applet in advance.
2. Information transmission
As shown in fig. 4, the transmitting terminal inputs the amount information on the mobile terminal page by selecting offline payment on the page. The applet modulates the digital signal generated by the personal account information, encryption key, etc. And finally, sending signals through a flash lamp driving circuit integrated at the mobile terminal. The method and the device ensure the safety of information and prevent third parties from stealing while ensuring high-speed information transmission. Or the NFC mode can be manually selected for information transmission.
3. Information decoding
As shown in fig. 4, the receiving terminal portion is integrated with an avalanche photodiode in the vending machine, and receives the optical signal. And then the received optical signals are processed through circuits such as amplification, filtering, judgment and the like. And finally, accurately recovering the signal, and decoding the account information and the secret key of the user. The vending machine uploads the transaction information to the server. Or information is uploaded through the NFC receiving module.
4. Completing a transaction
The server agrees the transaction request and transmits the transaction request back to the vending machine, and the vending machine responds to the action to complete the transaction. And automatically updating the balance after the user recovers the network.
Case three:
in order to further explain the system (information sending and information obtaining) of the visible light wireless communication payment information application in the actual scene, a detailed description is given by taking a plurality of common mobile device information interactions as an example.
In practical scenarios, transactions between mobile terminals need to be performed, and as shown in fig. 5, an information interaction diagram of a payment transaction system based on visible light wireless communication between mobile devices is shown.
1. The information of the personal account, the key information, the transaction request, the surplus limit and the like is gathered and integrated to form a serial data packet, so that the information acquisition of a transaction object can be realized. Because the mobile terminal integrates the flash lamp driving circuit, the data information of the user A can be transmitted out in a visible light wireless communication mode, and transaction application is carried out.
2. And the mobile terminal of the user B acquires images frame by calling the camera, completely shoots the data information of the image A and demodulates the information. And checking whether the transaction flow and the transaction fairness are met, and realizing transaction confirmation after confirmation. And then, data exchange between the two mobile terminals is started, signals are transmitted through a visible light wireless channel, and the cameras and the flash lamps of the mobile terminals of the two mobile terminals are used as a receiver and a transmitter.
3. And the account information of the two parties is subjected to pairing transaction through visible light wireless communication, and data transmission is carried out. After the transaction is completed, the information of both parties is uploaded to the WeChat financial system through internet connection, and the online transaction is completed.
The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any way. The system can be expanded to be applied to all common and complex information interaction fields, particularly to areas sensitive to electromagnetic waves, such as hospitals, gas stations and the like, and can also be used for simple information matching as a dynamic verification code or a website link port, the main controller is embedded with STM32 only in one implementation mode, and other implementation modes, such as microcontrollers based on FPGA and the like, fall within the protection scope of the right of the invention. Parts of the invention not described in detail are well known in the art.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.