CN112558016A - Radar receiving and transmitting system adopting multilayer microstrip connection - Google Patents

Radar receiving and transmitting system adopting multilayer microstrip connection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112558016A
CN112558016A CN202011434530.9A CN202011434530A CN112558016A CN 112558016 A CN112558016 A CN 112558016A CN 202011434530 A CN202011434530 A CN 202011434530A CN 112558016 A CN112558016 A CN 112558016A
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China
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frequency
module
low
waveform
connector
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CN202011434530.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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袁同力
束永江
孙维佳
丁勇
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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CETC 38 Research Institute
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Priority to CN202011434530.9A priority Critical patent/CN112558016A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/03Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver

Abstract

A radar receiving and dispatching system adopting multilayer microstrip connection relates to the technical field of signal receiving and dispatching in radar and countermeasure systems, and solves the problem of how to meet the requirements of miniaturization and light weight of the radar receiving and dispatching system and improve the reliability of the radar receiving and dispatching system; the broadband-narrowband hybrid microwave receiver comprises a waveform and acquisition module, an up-conversion excitation module, a frequency comprehensive source module, a broadband and narrowband receiving module and a multilayer microstrip connection back plate; all the connections among the modules are connected through the multilayer microstrip plates, so that the volume and weight of the system are reduced; the module links to each other through the mode of blind joining in marriage and multilayer microstrip board, and not only the module connects the dress to connect and changes the convenience, and the connection of backplate detects also fast convenient. By adopting the design of a multilayer microstrip board, besides signal interconnection, local oscillation and clock signals can realize multi-path power division inside, the equipment quantity is simplified, and channel expansion is easy to realize; the cable connecting structure reduces the operation of a cable for connecting the radar system, and meets the requirements of volume weight and reliability design of the radar system.

Description

Radar receiving and transmitting system adopting multilayer microstrip connection
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of signal transceiving in radar and countermeasure systems, in particular to a radar transceiving system adopting multilayer microstrip connection.
Background
The radar function thread mainly executes a comprehensive monitoring task on the ground/sea surface, needs to have multiple modes such as SAR, GMTI, MMTI and the like and the capability of cooperative combat with electronic reconnaissance, has multiple working modes such as tracking, searching and tracking and the like while scanning, can flexibly configure the number of channels in various modes, and selects a phased array antenna according to an antenna system. In order to meet the cooperative combat requirement of the synthetic aperture radar and the electronic reconnaissance system, the T/R components are fully distributed on the radiating unit of the active phased array antenna, signals received by the antenna are amplified and subjected to amplitude-phase weighting through the T/R, then form a plurality of sub-arrays through a sub-array synthesis network, and then are amplified and subjected to frequency conversion in the corresponding receiving module, and intermediate frequency signals subjected to frequency conversion are subjected to digital processing in the acquisition part. Meanwhile, the excitation signal generated by the transceiving system generates a transmitting signal with enough power through the power division network and the T/R component. The conventional transceiving system includes: the device comprises a waveform and acquisition module, an up-conversion module, a frequency synthesis module and a receiving module, wherein the waveform and acquisition module is designed to be plugged into a blind-matching backboard in order to facilitate the replacement of the modules, and a plurality of interconnected radio frequency and low frequency cables are arranged behind the backboard.
The connection mode of the blind matching backboard plug-in connection has the following problems: 1) for a transceiver system, the existence of radio frequency end heads output by N modules, the existence of N/2 radio frequency connecting cables, and the existence of low-frequency interconnecting cables for transmitting power and controlling cause the increase of the volume and the weight of the transceiver system; 2) the radio frequency cable and the low frequency cable are closely interwoven, the radio frequency signal transmitted by the radio frequency cable has various frequencies, and in order to reduce electromagnetic interference, the volume weight of the system is increased by adding various shielding materials and measures; 3) in the process of long-term use of a plurality of connecting cables, under various environmental conditions, abrasion and looseness are easy to generate, and the reliability of the system is greatly reduced no matter whether the cable port is loosened to influence standing waves or the abrasion of the cables to influence indexes; the above problems increase the volume and weight of the radar transceiver system and reduce the reliability of the radar transceiver system.
In the prior art, a document, "design of transmit-receive frequency conversion channel based on multilayer microstrip substrate" (zhagaxiu, etc., institute of electronics engineering in east china, industrial technological innovation), published as 2016 month 10, discloses a design method of a frequency conversion module, specifically discloses a structure of metal package, which realizes a frequency conversion function, and the designed circuit includes various components, including resistors, capacitors, filters, mixers, etc., and realizes the connection relationship of the various components through multilayer boards.
However, the above-mentioned publications adopt the connection of the multi-layer microstrip substrate, which is a simple connection between component levels, and do not realize the connection between system levels.
The connections between the system levels are connections between modules having various functions. Firstly, in order to reduce the volume and improve the reliability, the local oscillator and the clock signal need to realize multi-path power division; secondly, signals received by the connection between system levels are complex and diverse, multiple functions of imaging and tracking are realized through the combination of channels with different bandwidths, the connection of the system is complex, besides multiple signal types and multiple connection relations, functions of power division and the like are realized in the multilayer board to simplify equipment quantity and increase reliability; finally, the multi-layer board for system connection is not in a closed environment, so that the process needs to be carried out, spraying of three-proofing paint is carried out, the parts with electric contact are treated by an electric contact solid film protective agent, and the positions of connectors and the like need to be protected before three proofing.
Therefore, how to satisfy the miniaturization and weight reduction of the radar transmitting and receiving system and improve the reliability thereof becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of how to meet the requirements of miniaturization and light weight of a radar transmitting and receiving system and improve the reliability of the radar transmitting and receiving system.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a radar transceiving system adopting multilayer microstrip connection comprises a waveform and acquisition module, an up-conversion excitation module, a frequency comprehensive source module, a broadband and narrowband receiving module and a multilayer microstrip connection back plate; the input end of the up-conversion excitation module is connected with the output ends of the waveform and acquisition modules; each output end of the frequency comprehensive source module is respectively connected with the corresponding input ends of the up-conversion excitation module, the wide-narrow band receiving module and the waveform and acquisition module; the wide-narrow band receiving module is a channel for processing received signals of each mode, and the signals synthesized by the antenna through the TR component are input; the waveform and acquisition module provides various signal bandwidths required by multiple modes, and simultaneously acquires and converts intermediate frequency signals output by the wide-band and narrow-band receiving module; the multilayer microstrip connection back plate comprises a connector, a microstrip line layer, a plurality of dielectric layers, a plurality of ground line layers, a plurality of strip line layers and a power supply layer; the connector and the microstrip line layer are used for connecting modules of a radar transceiving system, the power supply layer and the ground line layer form a power supply and grounding system of the multi-layer microstrip connection back plate, the strip line layer is used for transmitting electric signals, and the dielectric layer is used for insulating all layers; the connector and the microstrip line layer comprise an up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), a frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), a waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3), a broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4) and a plurality of radio frequency connectors (5); the up-conversion excitation module, the frequency comprehensive source module, the waveform and acquisition module and the broadband and narrowband receiving module adopt a blind matching connection mode, the backboard is connected with the multilayer microstrip through the up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), the frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), the waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3) and the broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4), low-frequency signals enter the multilayer microstrip connection backboard and are transmitted in a strip line mode, and radio-frequency signals of the modules of the radar transceiving system are transmitted in a strip line mode after entering the multilayer microstrip connection backboard through the insulator vertical transition to the radio-frequency connectors (5).
The receiving and transmitting system comprises a waveform and acquisition module, an up-conversion excitation module, a frequency comprehensive source module, a broadband and narrowband receiving module and a multilayer microstrip connecting back plate; all the connections among the modules are connected through the multilayer microstrip plates, so that the volume and weight of the system are reduced; the module links to each other through the mode of blind joining in marriage and multilayer microstrip board, and not only the module connects the dress to connect and changes the convenience, and the connection of backplate detects also fast convenient. By adopting the design of the multilayer microstrip board, besides signal interconnection, the local oscillator and the clock signal can realize multi-path power division inside, thereby simplifying the equipment quantity and being easy to realize channel expansion. The cable connecting structure reduces the operation of a cable for connecting the radar system, and meets the requirements of volume weight and reliability design of the radar system.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the up-conversion excitation module, the frequency comprehensive source module, the waveform and acquisition module and the broadband and narrowband receiving module are all in a sealed design.
As further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), the frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), the waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3), the broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4) and the plurality of radio frequency connectors (5) have a watertight function.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the multilayer microstrip connection back plate is subjected to three-proofing treatment by adopting H31-3 epoxy varnish-ER type or S01-3 polyurethane varnish-UR type.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the strip line adopts a Wilkinson circuit.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) in the prior art, all interfaces are connected together through a radio frequency cable and a low frequency cable assembly, all connections among the modules of the transceiving system are connected through a plurality of layers of microstrip plates, and the volume and the weight are greatly reduced and the system cost is reduced through the connection of the plurality of layers of microstrip plates.
(2) The module links to each other through the mode of blind mating and multilayer microstrip board, and not only the module connects the dress to connect and changes conveniently, and the connection of backplate detects also fast convenient, adopts the design of multilayer microstrip board, except that signal interconnection, local oscillator and clock signal can realize multichannel merit branch in inside, have simplified the equipment volume, also easily realize the passageway and expand.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a radar transceiver system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a distribution of layers of a multi-layer microstrip-connected backplane according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram of the surface layer of the multi-layer microstrip-connected backplane according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a stripline model in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of simulation results of an S11 index of a radar transceiver system;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing simulation results of S21 and S31 indexes of a radar transmission/reception system;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing simulation results of S22 and S33 indexes of a radar transmission/reception system;
fig. 8 is a diagram showing simulation results of the S23 index of the radar transmission/reception system.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the specific embodiments in the specification:
example one
As shown in fig. 1, a radar transceiver system using multi-layer microstrip connection, each sub-module of the radar transceiver system includes a waveform and acquisition module, an up-conversion excitation module, a frequency synthesis source module, a wideband and narrowband receiving module, and a multi-layer microstrip connection backplane; the input end of the up-conversion excitation module is connected with the output ends of the waveform and acquisition modules; each output end of the frequency comprehensive source module is respectively connected with the corresponding input ends of the up-conversion excitation module, the wide-narrow band receiving module and the waveform and acquisition module; the wide-narrow band receiving module is a channel for processing received signals of each mode, and the signals synthesized by the antenna through the TR component are input; the waveform and acquisition module provides various signal bandwidths required by multiple modes, and simultaneously acquires and converts intermediate frequency signals output by the wide-band and narrow-band receiving module.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the multi-layer microstrip connection backplane includes a connector and a microstrip line layer (surface layer), a plurality of dielectric layers, a plurality of ground lines, a plurality of strip line layers, and a power layer; the connector and the microstrip line layer are used for connecting each submodule of the radar transceiving system, the power supply layer and the ground line layer form a power supply and grounding system of the multi-layer microstrip connection back plate, the strip line layer is used for transmitting electric signals, and the dielectric layer is used for insulating each layer; the connector and the microstrip line layer comprise an up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), a frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), a waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3), a broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4) and a plurality of radio frequency connectors (5); the up-conversion excitation module, the frequency comprehensive source module, the waveform and acquisition module and the broadband and narrowband receiving module are connected in a blind matching mode and are respectively connected with the multilayer microstrip connection backboard through an up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), a frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), a waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3) and a broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4), low-frequency signals enter the multilayer microstrip connection backboard and are transmitted in a strip line mode, and radio-frequency signals of all sub-modules of the radar transceiving system are vertically transited to the radio-frequency connectors (5) through insulators and then enter the multilayer microstrip connection backboard and are transmitted in a strip line mode; the sub-modules are all designed in a sealing mode, and the connector has a watertight function.
The working principle is as follows: processing the signals by waveform generation and up-conversion to generate transmitting signals of required frequency bands; the wide-narrow band receiving module carries out filtering amplification and frequency conversion on the signals from the receiving antenna after low-noise amplification, and the signals after frequency conversion are sent to the acquisition module for digital processing; the frequency comprehensive source provides a local oscillator signal with high stability, a sampling clock signal and various reference signals for the system; the acquisition module is used for digitally receiving and digitally down-converting the signals; all power supply, control and radio frequency signal connections among the modules are connected through the multilayer microstrip board.
Processing the multilayer board: the waterproof design of the connecting multilayer board comprises the following steps of spraying three-proofing paint on a three-proofing printed board and a high-frequency microstrip circuit, wherein the types of the selected three-proofing paint are as follows: h31-3 epoxy varnish-ER type or S01-3 polyurethane paint-UR type; treating the part with electric contact with an electric contact solid film protective agent; the positions of the electric conduction component, the heat conduction component, the connector and the like need to be protected before three proofings.
The local oscillator and the clock signal realize multi-path power division internally: in order to reduce the volume and improve the reliability, the local oscillator and clock signal design realizes multi-path power division inside. The design realizes power division through a strip line, and is realized by adopting a strip line Wilkinson circuit. The connectors on the modules are connected with the connectors on the back plate in a blind matching connection mode, enter the multilayer micro-strip plate and are transmitted in a strip line mode, and radio frequency signals are vertically transited to corresponding interfaces through insulators. And by means of similar structural design and circuit design, the local oscillator signals are subjected to power division, and channel expansion is achieved.
Electromagnetic compatibility design: in the back plate, various signals pass through and possibly interfere with each other, so that the electromagnetic compatibility design is very important, radio frequency signals with different frequencies need to be isolated, and the radio frequency signals and low-frequency signals need to be isolated. Power and control are susceptible to interference, affecting the performance of the system. In the design, the power supply is designed to be a layer independently, the layout wiring is possibly close to the ground, the loop area of differential mode radiation is reduced, and the interference is reduced. The signal provided by the frequency synthesis source has a clock signal and a reference signal with relatively low frequency, which are provided for the waveform and acquisition module and the digital circuit part. The individual layers are run in the design of the multilayer backsheet, using a digital ground. The signal provided by the frequency synthesis source has a local oscillator signal with relatively high frequency, and the signal is provided for the up-down frequency conversion circuit to work and is connected with the analog circuit part. The design is designed according to the frequency difference, and a single layer or a plurality of layers are taken in the design of the multi-layer back plate, and an analog ground is used.
In the design of the multilayer microstrip board, the problem of dielectric loss needs to be fully considered, and the amplitude of local oscillator and clock signals needs to be reasonably designed so as to avoid the problem of insufficient amplitude caused by the dielectric loss of the board.
The broadband and narrowband receiving module outputs a plurality of signals to the waveform acquisition module. The narrow-band signal has a plurality of channels, and the isolation design between the channels is very important. The requirements are met by the isolation of a large-area ground and the isolation of the ground arranged between layers.
The broadband signal passes through the analog demodulation circuit to obtain an I path signal and a Q path signal, strict equal-amplitude and equal-phase design is required in the transmission process, and equal path length is strictly achieved in the design.
During the design of the multilayer board, simulation design is carried out by modeling HFSS software of Ansoft corporation, and signals are optimally designed for internal transmission.
Fig. 5-8 are simulation results of output metrics of the system, where S11 refers to the reflection coefficient of the 1 port, the 1 port is the input port, S22 refers to the reflection coefficient of the 2 port, and the 2 port signal is a signal divided from the 1 port; s33 indicates the reflection coefficient of the 3-port, and the 3-port signal is a signal divided from the 1-port; s21 indicates the transmission coefficient from port 1 to port 2, which indicates the degree of loss due to signal transmission; s31 indicates the transmission coefficient from port 1 to port 3, which indicates the degree of loss due to signal transmission; s23 indicates the isolation between 2-port and 3-port, and the isolation indicates the degree of interaction between port signals. It can be seen from the figure that in the frequency range of 11.5 GHz-13.5 GHz, the transmission loss is small, the standing wave is low, the isolation degree is large, and all parameters ideally meet the requirements.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A radar transceiving system adopting multilayer microstrip connection is characterized by comprising a waveform and acquisition module, an up-conversion excitation module, a frequency comprehensive source module, a broadband and narrowband receiving module and a multilayer microstrip connection back plate; the input end of the up-conversion excitation module is connected with the output ends of the waveform and acquisition modules; each output end of the frequency comprehensive source module is respectively connected with the corresponding input ends of the up-conversion excitation module, the wide-narrow band receiving module and the waveform and acquisition module; the wide-narrow band receiving module is a channel for processing received signals of each mode, and the signals synthesized by the antenna through the TR component are input; the waveform and acquisition module provides various signal bandwidths required by multiple modes, and simultaneously acquires and converts intermediate frequency signals output by the wide-band and narrow-band receiving module; the multilayer microstrip connection back plate comprises a connector, a microstrip line layer, a plurality of dielectric layers, a plurality of ground line layers, a plurality of strip line layers and a power supply layer; the connector and the microstrip line layer are used for connecting modules of a radar transceiving system, the power supply layer and the ground line layer form a power supply and grounding system of the multi-layer microstrip connection back plate, the strip line layer is used for transmitting electric signals, and the dielectric layer is used for insulating all layers; the connector and the microstrip line layer comprise an up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), a frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), a waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3), a broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4) and a plurality of radio frequency connectors (5); the up-conversion excitation module, the frequency comprehensive source module, the waveform and acquisition module and the broadband and narrowband receiving module adopt a blind matching connection mode, the backboard is connected with the multilayer microstrip through the up-conversion excitation low-frequency connector (1), the frequency comprehensive source low-frequency connector (2), the waveform and acquisition low-frequency connector (3) and the broadband and narrowband receiving low-frequency connector (4), low-frequency signals enter the multilayer microstrip connection backboard and are transmitted in a strip line mode, and radio-frequency signals of the modules of the radar transceiving system are transmitted in a strip line mode after entering the multilayer microstrip connection backboard through the insulator vertical transition to the radio-frequency connectors (5).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the up-conversion excitation module, the frequency synthesis module, the waveform and acquisition module, and the broadband and narrowband receiving module are all of a sealed design.
3. The radar transceiving system using multi-layer microstrip connection according to claim 1, wherein the up-conversion excitation low frequency connector (1), the frequency synthesis source low frequency connector (2), the waveform and acquisition low frequency connector (3), the broadband and narrowband reception low frequency connector (4), and the plurality of rf connectors (5) have a watertight function.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the multi-layer microstrip connection backplane is treated with three-proofing treatment such as H31-3 epoxy varnish-ER type or S01-3 polyurethane varnish-UR type.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the stripline is implemented using a Wilkinson circuit.
CN202011434530.9A 2020-12-10 2020-12-10 Radar receiving and transmitting system adopting multilayer microstrip connection Pending CN112558016A (en)

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