CN112557403A - Automatic detection device and method for hollowing rate of ceramic tile - Google Patents
Automatic detection device and method for hollowing rate of ceramic tile Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003707 image sharpening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8887—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges based on image processing techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic detection device and method for the hollowing rate of a ceramic tile, and the automatic detection device comprises rollers, a vehicle body frame, an infrared thermal imager, heat sources, sealing plates, a storage battery, a control system and an image acquisition and processing system, wherein the rollers are respectively and detachably mounted at four corners of the bottom of the vehicle body frame (2), the infrared thermal imager is detachably arranged at the middle position below the top of the vehicle body frame, four heat sources are respectively arranged at two sides of the infrared thermal imager, four sealing plates are arranged at the outer sides of the heat sources, the storage battery, the control system and the image acquisition and processing system are arranged above the top of the vehicle body frame, the storage battery is electrically connected with the infrared thermal imager, the heat sources, the control system and the image acquisition and processing. The invention can automatically identify the hollowing of the ceramic tile and effectively detect the hollowing rate, has the characteristics of non-contact and no damage, and can realize the automatic detection and the real-time evaluation of the hollowing of the ceramic tile by matching with a ground mobile robot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering quality safety detection, in particular to a device and a method for automatically detecting the hollowing rate of a ceramic tile.
Background
The ceramic tile is used as a building decoration material and is widely applied to decoration of building outer walls and indoor walls and floors. Floor tiles often bulge due to various reasons, which have a certain effect on their appearance and performance. The traditional ceramic tile hollowing is detected by artificial knocking sound discrimination, is greatly influenced by subjective judgment of detection personnel, and cannot judge the specific size of the hollowing.
By using the active infrared thermal imaging technology, nondestructive, remote and effective detection can be carried out on the hollowing of the ceramic tile. The basic principle is that the heat dissipation of the hollow area is much slower than that of the normal area, when the active heat source is used for uniformly heating the surface of the ceramic tile, the surface temperature of the hollow area is higher than that of the normal area, and the temperature gradient at the boundary of the hollow area is obviously higher than that of other areas. At present, most of the infrared detection patents of the ceramic tile hollowing use artificially set temperature thresholds, but neglect edge information in infrared images, and are difficult to extract the hollowing boundary and accurately calculate the hollowing rate. In order to accurately identify the hollowing position and size of the ceramic tile, the invention provides an infrared image processing method and device based on edge detection and watershed algorithm, which can be used for automatic detection of the hollowing rate of the ceramic tile.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the automatic detection device and the method for the hollowing rate of the ceramic tile, which can automatically identify the hollowing rate of the ceramic tile and effectively detect the hollowing rate, have the characteristics of non-contact and no damage and can be matched with a ground mobile robot to realize the automatic detection and the real-time evaluation of the hollowing rate of the ceramic tile.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a ceramic tile hollowing rate automatic checkout device, including the gyro wheel, vehicle body frame, thermal infrared imager, the heat source, the closing plate, the battery, a control system, image acquisition processing system, the handle, the bottom four corners of vehicle body frame (2) is demountable installation respectively has the gyro wheel, the intermediate position of vehicle body frame top below can be dismantled and be provided with thermal infrared imager, thermal infrared imager both sides are provided with four heat sources respectively, the heat source outside is provided with four closing plates, the battery, control system and image acquisition processing system set up in vehicle body frame top, battery and thermal infrared imager, the heat source, a control system, image acquisition processing system electricity is connected, the setting can be dismantled respectively in vehicle body frame's top outside at the both ends.
Preferably, the included angle between the heat source and the central connecting line of the thermal infrared imager and the measured ceramic tile is 10-40 degrees.
Preferably, the heat source is one of a halogen lamp, a flash lamp and an infrared heating lamp.
Preferably, the control system is connected with the heat source and the thermal infrared imager to control the heating intensity and time of the heat source and the shooting time of the thermal infrared imager.
Preferably, the image acquisition and processing system automatically processes the thermal image and the visible light image shot by the thermal infrared imager to judge whether the ceramic tile has empty drum and calculate the empty drum rate.
An automatic detection method for the hollowing rate of a ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly heating the ceramic tile for 0.5-20 minutes by using a heat source, and shooting an infrared thermal image and a visible light image of the surface of the ceramic tile in a temperature rising stage; cooling for 0.5-20 minutes after the heat source is closed, and shooting an infrared thermal image and a visible light image in a cooling stage; identifying and extracting a tile area in the infrared image according to the visible light image;
(2) converting the infrared image obtained by the last step of processing into a gray-scale image, and performing enhancement processing on the image by using one or more methods of gray-scale transformation, histogram modification, contrast enhancement, image smoothing, image sharpening, frequency domain enhancement and the like;
(3) determining the approximate boundary of the abnormal area of the surface temperature of the ceramic tile by using methods such as edge detection, image morphology, clustering, threshold segmentation and the like in sequence for the enhanced image, and filling;
(4) marking the background, the foreground and the uncertain area of the image by adopting methods such as image morphological operation, distance conversion and the like, and determining the abnormal area of the surface temperature of the ceramic tile by using a watershed algorithm;
(5) calculating the difference value between the gray level mean value of the abnormal area and the gray level mean value of the normal area, wherein the gray level difference value exceeds a reference threshold value, and determining the abnormal area in the step (4) as an actual empty drum area;
(6) and identifying the hollowing area by using colors, and dividing the total number of the pixels in the hollowing area by the total number of the pixels in the tile area to obtain the hollowing rate of the tile of 9.04%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can detect the hollowing of the ceramic tile in a movable, non-contact and nondestructive way, eliminates the problems of uncertainty, low efficiency and the like of manual knocking, and can realize automatic detection and real-time evaluation of the hollowing of the ceramic tile by matching with a ground mobile robot.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a thermal image of a tile region of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a thermal image after image enhancement according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a binary image after boundary extraction and padding according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows anomalous regions from the watershed algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: the automatic detection device for the hollowing rate of the ceramic tile comprises rollers (1), a vehicle body frame (2), thermal infrared imagers (3), heat sources (4), sealing plates (5), a storage battery (6), a control system (7), an image acquisition and processing system (8) and a handle (9), wherein the rollers (1) are respectively and detachably mounted at four corners of the bottom of the vehicle body frame (2), the thermal infrared imagers (3) are detachably arranged at the middle position below the top of the vehicle body frame (2), the four heat sources (4) are respectively arranged at two sides of each thermal infrared imager (3), and the four sealing plates (5) are arranged on the outer sides of the heat sources (4) and used for limiting the positions and the sizes of; the storage battery (6), the control system (7) and the image acquisition and processing system (8) are arranged above the top of the vehicle body frame (2), the storage battery (6) is electrically connected with the thermal infrared imager (3), the heat source (4), the control system (7) and the image acquisition and processing system (8) and used for supplying power to all components of the device, and the two ends of the handle (9) are detachably arranged on the outer side of the top of the vehicle body frame (2) respectively and used for controlling the movement of the device in the XY two directions.
The included angle between the heat source (4) and the central connecting line of the thermal infrared imager (3) and the tested ceramic tile is 10-40 degrees. The thermal infrared imager (3) is used for acquiring a thermal image of the surface of the ceramic tile.
The heat source (4) is one of a halogen lamp, a flash lamp and an infrared heating lamp. Used for uniformly heating the ceramic tiles.
And the control system (7) is connected with the heat source (4) and the thermal infrared imager (3) to control the heating intensity and time of the heat source (4) and the shooting time of the thermal infrared imager (3).
The image acquisition and processing system (8) automatically processes the thermal image and the visible light image shot by the thermal infrared imager (3) to judge whether the ceramic tile is empty and calculate the empty-drum rate.
An automatic detection method for the hollowing rate of a ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly heating the ceramic tile for 0.5-20 minutes by using a heat source, and shooting an infrared thermal image and a visible light image of the surface of the ceramic tile in a temperature rising stage; cooling for 0.5-20 minutes after the heat source is closed, and shooting an infrared thermal image and a visible light image in a cooling stage; identifying and extracting a tile region in the infrared image according to the visible light map, as shown in fig. 3;
(2) converting the infrared image obtained by the previous step into a gray-scale image, and performing enhancement processing on the image by using one or more methods such as gray-scale transformation, histogram modification, contrast enhancement, image smoothing, image sharpening, frequency domain enhancement and the like, wherein the enhanced thermal image is shown in fig. 4;
(3) determining the approximate boundary of the abnormal region of the surface temperature of the ceramic tile by using methods such as edge detection, image morphology, clustering, threshold segmentation and the like in sequence for the enhanced image, and filling, wherein the filled binary image is shown in FIG. 5;
(4) marking the background, the foreground and the uncertain area of the image by adopting methods such as image morphological operation, distance conversion and the like, and determining the abnormal area of the surface temperature of the ceramic tile by using a watershed algorithm, as shown in figure 6;
(5) calculating the difference value between the gray level mean value of the abnormal area and the gray level mean value of the normal area, wherein the gray level difference value exceeds a reference threshold value, and determining the abnormal area in the step (4) as an actual empty drum area;
(6) and identifying the hollowing area by using colors, and dividing the total number of the pixels in the hollowing area by the total number of the pixels in the tile area to obtain the hollowing rate of the tile of 9.04%.
According to the specific embodiment, the tested ceramic tile is uniformly heated in an infrared non-contact mode, then a thermal infrared imager is used for shooting a thermal image of the ceramic tile, then image processing is carried out to determine an empty-drum boundary and calculate an empty-drum rate. The image processing method comprises the following steps: (1) determining the approximate position of the defect in the infrared thermography by using an edge detection method; (2) determining the specific position of the defect by using a watershed algorithm; (3) and (3) judging whether the defect in the step (2) is an actual empty drum area or not by using a gray difference method. The method provided by the invention can effectively detect the hollowing of the ceramic tiles and automatically calculate the hollowing rate of the ceramic tiles, has the characteristics of non-contact and no damage, and can be matched with a ground mobile robot to realize the automatic detection and real-time evaluation of the hollowing of the ceramic tiles.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a ceramic tile hollowing rate automatic checkout device, a serial communication port, including gyro wheel (1), automobile body frame (2), thermal infrared imager (3), heat source (4), closing plate (5), battery (6), control system (7), image acquisition processing system (8), handle (9), the bottom four corners of automobile body frame (2) is demountable installation respectively has gyro wheel (1), intermediate position of automobile body frame (2) top below can be dismantled and be provided with thermal infrared imager (3), thermal infrared imager (3) both sides are provided with four heat sources (4) respectively, the heat source (4) outside is provided with four closing plate (5), battery (6), control system (7) and image acquisition processing system (8) set up in automobile body frame (2) top, battery (6) and thermal infrared imager (3), heat source (4), control system (7), The image acquisition and processing system (8) is electrically connected, and two ends of the handle (9) are respectively detachably arranged on the outer side of the top of the vehicle body frame (2).
2. The automatic detection device for the hollowing rate of the ceramic tiles according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between the heat source (4) and a connecting line of the infrared thermal imager (3) and the center of the ceramic tiles to be detected is 10-40 degrees.
3. The automatic tile hollowing rate detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the heat source (4) is one of a halogen lamp, a flash lamp and an infrared heating lamp.
4. The automatic detection device for the tile hollowing rate according to claim 1, wherein the control system (7) is connected with the heat source (4) and the thermal infrared imager (3) to control the heating intensity and time of the heat source (4) and the shooting time of the thermal infrared imager (3).
5. The automatic detection device for the empty drum rate of ceramic tiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the image acquisition and processing system (8) automatically processes the thermal image and the visible light image taken by the thermal infrared imager (3) to determine whether the ceramic tiles are empty and calculate the empty drum rate.
6. An automatic detection method for the hollowing rate of a ceramic tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly heating the ceramic tile for 0.5-20 minutes by using a heat source, and shooting an infrared thermal image and a visible light image of the surface of the ceramic tile in a temperature rising stage; cooling for 0.5-20 minutes after the heat source is closed, and shooting an infrared thermal image and a visible light image in a cooling stage; identifying and extracting a tile area in the infrared image according to the visible light image;
(2) converting the infrared image obtained by the last step of processing into a gray-scale image, and performing enhancement processing on the image by using one or more methods of gray-scale transformation, histogram modification, contrast enhancement, image smoothing, image sharpening, frequency domain enhancement and the like;
(3) determining the approximate boundary of the abnormal area of the surface temperature of the ceramic tile by using methods such as edge detection, image morphology, clustering, threshold segmentation and the like in sequence for the enhanced image, and filling;
(4) marking the background, the foreground and the uncertain area of the image by adopting methods such as image morphological operation, distance conversion and the like, and determining the abnormal area of the surface temperature of the ceramic tile by using a watershed algorithm;
(5) calculating the difference value between the gray level mean value of the abnormal area and the gray level mean value of the normal area, wherein the gray level difference value exceeds a reference threshold value, and determining the abnormal area in the step (4) as an actual empty drum area;
(6) and identifying the hollowing area by using colors, and dividing the total number of the pixels in the hollowing area by the total number of the pixels in the tile area to obtain the hollowing rate of the tile of 9.04%.
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| CN202011595865.9A CN112557403B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Automatic detection device and method for tile hollowness rate |
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| CN202011595865.9A CN112557403B (en) | 2020-12-29 | 2020-12-29 | Automatic detection device and method for tile hollowness rate |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112964753A (en) * | 2021-04-05 | 2021-06-15 | 程彦 | Wall and floor tile paving and pasting hollow-drum infrared thermal image grid graph method detection method |
| CN113588783A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-02 | 宁波和邦检测研究有限公司 | Cement mortar hollowing detection method and system, storage medium and intelligent terminal |
| CN113834873A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-24 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Guided wave imaging device and method for ceramic tile debonding detection |
| CN114705722A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-07-05 | 中冶检测认证有限公司 | Infrared identification method and device for wall surface damage |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112964753A (en) * | 2021-04-05 | 2021-06-15 | 程彦 | Wall and floor tile paving and pasting hollow-drum infrared thermal image grid graph method detection method |
| CN113588783A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-02 | 宁波和邦检测研究有限公司 | Cement mortar hollowing detection method and system, storage medium and intelligent terminal |
| CN113834873A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-24 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Guided wave imaging device and method for ceramic tile debonding detection |
| CN114705722A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-07-05 | 中冶检测认证有限公司 | Infrared identification method and device for wall surface damage |
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