CN101451970A - Non-contact nondestructive detecting method for hollow drum position of ancient mural painting - Google Patents
Non-contact nondestructive detecting method for hollow drum position of ancient mural painting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101451970A CN101451970A CNA2008102072174A CN200810207217A CN101451970A CN 101451970 A CN101451970 A CN 101451970A CN A2008102072174 A CNA2008102072174 A CN A2008102072174A CN 200810207217 A CN200810207217 A CN 200810207217A CN 101451970 A CN101451970 A CN 101451970A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种检测技术领域的检验古代壁画空鼓位置的非接触无损检测方法，步骤为：拍摄壁画表面的可见光数码照片；用照明灯对壁画表面进行升温，使壁画表面产生温度变化，并将温度变化控制在摄氏5度以内；在升温的同时通过红外热像仪采集壁画全动态红外视频信号，经处理得到与壁画表面热分布相应的热像图；对得到的壁画表面热像图进行分析，壁画表面不存在空鼓时，不存在色彩异常区；当壁画存在空鼓时，相应区域的颜色存在色彩异常区；对红外热像图片上的色彩异常区，通过与数码照片的比较判断，判断空鼓的位置和范围。本发明克服了用手敲击空鼓部位，检查空鼓程度及范围方法中有可能损害古代壁画的缺点，达到了非接触无损伤检测的目的。
The invention relates to a non-contact non-destructive detection method for detecting the hollow position of an ancient mural in the field of detection technology. The steps are: taking a visible light digital photo of the surface of the mural; The temperature change is controlled within 5 degrees Celsius; while the temperature is rising, the full-motion infrared video signal of the mural is collected by the infrared thermal imager, and the thermal image corresponding to the thermal distribution on the surface of the mural is obtained after processing; the obtained thermal image of the mural surface is processed. Analysis, when there is no hollow on the surface of the mural, there is no abnormal color area; when there is an empty drum on the mural, there is an abnormal color area in the color of the corresponding area; for the abnormal color area on the infrared thermal image, it is judged by comparing with the digital photo , to determine the position and range of the empty drum. The invention overcomes the disadvantage that ancient murals may be damaged in the method of tapping the hollow part by hand to check the degree and range of the hollow, and achieves the purpose of non-contact and non-damaging detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of technical field of nondestructive testing, concretely, relate to a kind of non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting.
Background technology
Ancient wall is the important component part of cultural heritage, because environment (light, temperature, humidity, karaburan etc.), biological (microorganism, insect etc.), mural painting adhere to the combined action of body of wall and manufacturing materials, architectural composition and human factor etc., the disease type is many, and grievous injury mural painting.Modal mural painting disease has hollowing, plays first, crisp alkali, sootiness, surface contamination, hold come off, coat of colo(u)r comes off, crack, cut etc.Hollowing is one of the mural painting disease very widely that distributes, and hollowing is meant between mural painting ground battle layer and supporter (body of wall, rock mass or other) because bond performance forfeiture or weaken, and holds layer to separate with supporter with causing.Hollowing can hold with being stored in interlayer, hold the layer and supporter between.Hollowing generally causes the wall painting surface cracking, heaves, and severe patient is because the influence of mural painting self gravitation causes mural painting to come off.China is since the repairing and reinforcement of the seventies in 20th century to the hollowing mural painting, and the method that repairing and reinforcement is replied to the topic of getting is taken off in general employing, the method that perhaps provisional anchoring is reinforced.In in the past 20 years, grouting technique is used widely in international historical relic's protection field, becomes a kind of important means of administering the mural painting hollowing in the world wide.
Find through literature search prior art, Chinese patent publication number: CN101100547, patent name: the application of cranny filler of polyurethane foam in repairing mural painting in tombe chamber hollowing in moist ancient times, this technology provide a kind of in light weight, mural painting hollowing disease repair materials that cohesive force is strong.
No matter be to adopt which kind of hollowing repairing and reinforcement mode; at first to determine the location of hollowing; at present traditional method is still by knock the hollowing position with hand; check hollowing degree and scope, judge whether the compaction rate of filling or be in the milk, it is to maintain the original state that ancient wall is protected the maximum characteristics of reinforcing engineering; and ancient wall is gone through very long evolutionary process; proterties is extremely fragile, and a kind of noncontact not damaged of an urgent demand detection technique detects the location and the consolidation effect of hollowing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art; a kind of non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting is provided; make its position that utilizes infrared thermal imagery detection technique check ancient wall hollowing to exist, meet the characteristic of ancient wall hollowing disease reinforcement protection.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme, the present invention includes following steps:
The first step, the visible light digital photograph of shooting wall painting surface.
Second step, with illuminating lamp wall painting surface is heated up, because violent temperature variation can cause the infringement of mural painting, do not meet the principle of historical relic's protection.Therefore the present invention has adopted the illuminating lamp with 100 watts to be fixed in institute 5 meters of the mural painting precontract of surveying, to wall painting surface irradiation 10 minutes, turns off the light then, makes wall painting surface produce temperature variation, and temperature variation is controlled in 5 degree Celsius, avoids that generation damages to mural painting.
The 3rd step, when heating up, gather the full Dynamic IR vision signal of mural painting, and after converting the power signal of mural painting radiation to electric signal, handle through electronic system by thermal infrared imager, reach on the display screen, obtain and the corresponding thermography of wall painting surface heat distribution.
In the 4th step, the wall painting surface thermography that the 3rd step obtained is analyzed.Normal condition is not when (there is hollowing in wall painting surface), the infrared emanation that whole wall painting surface takes place should be a uniformity, is reflected on the Infrared Thermogram, and the color of respective regions is a single and uniform, there is not color distortion, that is to say not have the color exceptions area.When there is hollowing in mural painting, between hollowing part and the supporter certain air layer is arranged, because air is the thermal insulation material, it has reduced the pyroconductivity of body of wall.Heat when the body of wall inside surface transmits, runs into the defective of thermal insulation from outside surface, and heat will partly be piled up at hollowing, forms the high-temperature region, does not have the zone of hollowing then to occur low-temperature space relatively.Therefore the hollowing part can exist unusual with respect to the infrared radiation at normal position.The color that reflects on the Infrared Thermogram is non-single even, the chromatic zones (color is unusual) that the exterior wall surface of different heat radiation conditions is corresponding different.
The 5th step, to the color exceptions area on the infrared thermal imagery picture, by with the relatively judgement of digital photograph, can see exceptions area in physical location simple and clearly, can judge the position and the scope of hollowing.
Described thermal infrared imager, its minimum temperature difference of surveying is 0.1 ℃, and recording mode is the real-time digital record, and spatial resolution is less than 2.0mrad (i.e. 100 meters want apart from minimum target〉20cm).
The present invention utilizes infrared radiation that the principle that object or material surface detect is carried out, and infrared ray is a kind of invisible light adjacent with visible light.After converting the power signal of object radiation to electric signal by infrared eye, handle, reach on the display screen, obtain and the corresponding thermography of body surface heat distribution through electronic system.When there is defective in interior of articles, it will change the heat conduction of object, and the body surface Temperature Distribution is created a difference.Catch the body surface temperature regime with thermal infrared imager again, and then the big or small position of analyzing defect, this method have noncontact, remote, in real time, fast, advantage such as measurement of full field, be widely used in fields such as the structural damage of civil engineering work, energy-conservation detection at present.
In the cavern that mural painting exists, indoor environment temperature can be regarded as constant in ancient times, and the heat of mural painting mainly is by convection heat transfer and the indoor exchange heat of carrying out.When there is hollowing in mural painting, produce certain air layer between hollowing part (hold layer) and the supporter.The air layer of this part sealing has certain blocking capability, causes pyroconductivity lower, and heat is transmitted fewer.When absorbing heat in the outside air that heats up of wall painting surface, the position that hollowing exists is compared with closely knit position, hot-fluid imports into and is hindered, cause skin temperature to raise and appearance " hot spot " on infrared thermal imagery, its scope and degree have reflected the degree of depth and the scope at this position, can reach the purpose that detect hollowing position with the distribution in infra red thermograph recording surface temperature field this moment.
The present invention has overcome at present by knock the hollowing position with hand, checks the shortcoming that might damage ancient wall in hollowing degree and the scope method, has reached the purpose that the noncontact not damaged detects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that embodiments of the invention are implemented synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the measured wall painting surface temperature profile of embodiment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment
That implements in the somewhere checks mural painting hollowing position with thermal infrared imager, and the thermal infrared imager that present embodiment adopts is a Research-N1 type full-digital network thermal infrared imager.Method is as follows:
1, the survey mural painting is taken digital visible light photo.
2, the position of record wall painting surface projection, crack, maintenance.
3, as shown in Figure 1, thermal infrared imager 1, supporter, 2, hollowing partly holds layer, 3, illuminating lamp, 4.Apart from about 5 meters of the mural painting of surveying fixedly thermal infrared imager and illuminating lamp.
4, wall painting surface is manually heated, mural painting is produced infringement, the wall painting surface irradiation time was controlled at about 10 minutes, and temperature variation is controlled in 5 degree Celsius for fear of violent intensification.
5, gathering the full Dynamic IR vision signal of mural painting by thermal infrared imager, and after converting the power signal of mural painting radiation to electric signal, handling, reaching on the display screen, obtaining and the corresponding thermography of wall painting surface heat distribution through electronic system.
6, analyze the wall painting surface thermography, when there is hollowing in mural painting, between hollowing part and the supporter certain air layer is arranged, because air is the thermal insulation material, it has reduced the pyroconductivity of body of wall.Heat when the body of wall inside surface transmits, runs into the defective of thermal insulation from outside surface, and heat will partly be piled up at hollowing, forms the high-temperature region, does not have the zone of hollowing then to occur low-temperature space relatively.Therefore the hollowing part can exist unusual with respect to the infrared radiation at normal position.
Test result as shown in Figure 2; Wall painting surface is with the illuminating lamp irradiation thermography after 10 minutes, and zero position is higher than the infrared temperature exceptions area at other positions by an obvious temperature in the drawings, and its temperature range is the 9-10 degree, apparently higher than other position temperature (4-5 degree) of mural painting.
7, to the color exceptions area on the infrared thermal imagery picture, by with the relatively judgement of digital photograph, can see exceptions area in physical location simple and clearly, exceptions area is exactly the position and the scope of hollowing in physical location.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The first step, the visible light digital photograph of shooting wall painting surface;
Second step, with illuminating lamp wall painting surface is heated up, make wall painting surface produce temperature variation, and temperature variation is controlled in 5 degree Celsius;
The 3rd step, when heating up, gather the full Dynamic IR vision signal of mural painting, and after converting the power signal of mural painting radiation to electric signal, handle through electronic system by thermal infrared imager, reach on the display screen, obtain and the corresponding thermography of wall painting surface heat distribution;
In the 4th step, the wall painting surface thermography that the 3rd step obtained is analyzed the color exceptions area;
The 5th step, to the color exceptions area on the infrared thermal imagery picture, by with the relatively judgement of digital photograph, see exceptions area in physical location simple and clearly, promptly be judged as the position and the scope of hollowing.
2, the non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described color exceptions area, be meant: when there is hollowing in mural painting, between hollowing part and the supporter air layer is arranged, be reflected on the Infrared Thermogram, there is the color exceptions area in the color of respective regions.
3, the non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described hollowing, when there is not hollowing in wall painting surface, the infrared emanation that whole wall painting surface takes place should be a uniformity, be reflected on the Infrared Thermogram, the color of respective regions is a single and uniform, does not have the color exceptions area.
4, the non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly wall painting surface is heated up with illuminating lamp, be meant with 100 watts illuminating lamp be fixed in 5 meters of the mural painting precontract of surveying, to wall painting surface irradiation 10 minutes, turn off the light then, make wall painting surface produce temperature variation.
5, the non-contact nondestructive detecting method of hollow drum position of ancient mural painting according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described thermal infrared imager, and its minimum temperature difference of surveying is 0.1 ℃, and recording mode is the real-time digital record, and spatial resolution is less than 2.0mrad.
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| CNA2008102072174A CN101451970A (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2008-12-18 | Non-contact nondestructive detecting method for hollow drum position of ancient mural painting |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102062725A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-05-18 | 西安交通大学 | Non-destructive analysis method for surface pigment characteristics of wall painting in museum |
| CN104616500A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-05-13 | 裴杭杭 | License plate identification method |
| CN105572177A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-05-11 | 敦煌研究院 | Nondestructive testing device for water vapor distribution in ancient mural painting support bodies |
| CN105824907A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method and system for analyzing digital information of ancient frescoes |
| CN106370694A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-01 | 杭州公科路桥技术有限公司 | System and method for detecting grouting compactness of pre-stressed pipeline |
| CN108490029A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-04 | 大连理工大学 | Exterior wall finish layer hollowing detection method |
| CN108535261A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-14 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Scratch detection method, apparatus, system and air conditioner apparatus for production line |
| CN109115833A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-01-01 | 王琪 | A kind of cable aging axial position detection method |
| CN109523544A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 陕西汉通建设工程质量检测有限公司 | A kind of external wall mass defect detection system and its method |
| CN110672663A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-10 | 南京林业大学 | Method for detecting sleeve grouting defects based on temperature field change |
| CN110806427A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | On-line detection method and system for internal defect of line composite insulator |
| CN112557403A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-26 | 清华大学 | Automatic detection device and method for hollowing rate of ceramic tile |
| CN112964753A (en) * | 2021-04-05 | 2021-06-15 | 程彦 | Wall and floor tile paving and pasting hollow-drum infrared thermal image grid graph method detection method |
| CN115598178A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 天津思睿信息技术有限公司（Cn） | Infrared detection method and system for hollowing defects of building wall |
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2008
- 2008-12-18 CN CNA2008102072174A patent/CN101451970A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102062725B (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-07-04 | 西安交通大学 | Non-destructive analysis method for surface pigment characteristics of wall painting in museum |
| CN102062725A (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2011-05-18 | 西安交通大学 | Non-destructive analysis method for surface pigment characteristics of wall painting in museum |
| CN104616500A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-05-13 | 裴杭杭 | License plate identification method |
| CN105572177A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-05-11 | 敦煌研究院 | Nondestructive testing device for water vapor distribution in ancient mural painting support bodies |
| CN105572177B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2018-04-13 | 敦煌研究院 | A kind of non-destructive testing device for Water Vapor Distribution in ancient wall supporter |
| CN105824907A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-08-03 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method and system for analyzing digital information of ancient frescoes |
| CN106370694A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-01 | 杭州公科路桥技术有限公司 | System and method for detecting grouting compactness of pre-stressed pipeline |
| CN109115833A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2019-01-01 | 王琪 | A kind of cable aging axial position detection method |
| CN108490029B (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2020-08-14 | 大连理工大学 | Detection method of hollow drum of exterior wall finish layer |
| CN108490029A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-04 | 大连理工大学 | Exterior wall finish layer hollowing detection method |
| CN108535261A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-14 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Scratch detection method, apparatus, system and air conditioner apparatus for production line |
| CN109523544A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-26 | 陕西汉通建设工程质量检测有限公司 | A kind of external wall mass defect detection system and its method |
| CN109523544B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2021-02-26 | 陕西汉通建设工程质量检测有限公司 | Building outer wall quality defect detection system and method thereof |
| CN110672663A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-10 | 南京林业大学 | Method for detecting sleeve grouting defects based on temperature field change |
| CN110806427A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | On-line detection method and system for internal defect of line composite insulator |
| CN112557403A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-26 | 清华大学 | Automatic detection device and method for hollowing rate of ceramic tile |
| CN112964753A (en) * | 2021-04-05 | 2021-06-15 | 程彦 | Wall and floor tile paving and pasting hollow-drum infrared thermal image grid graph method detection method |
| CN115598178A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 天津思睿信息技术有限公司（Cn） | Infrared detection method and system for hollowing defects of building wall |
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