CN112552011A - High-temperature gypsum common concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature gypsum common concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112552011A CN112552011A CN202011451022.1A CN202011451022A CN112552011A CN 112552011 A CN112552011 A CN 112552011A CN 202011451022 A CN202011451022 A CN 202011451022A CN 112552011 A CN112552011 A CN 112552011A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/16—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing anhydrite, e.g. Keene's cement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/29—Frost-thaw resistance
Abstract
The invention discloses high-temperature gypsum common concrete and a preparation method thereof, aiming at finishing the current situation of zero application of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum in the field of concrete, so that the high-temperature gypsum common concrete becomes a novel material, and the high-temperature gypsum common concrete plays a role in reducing the comprehensive cost of concrete, solving the problem of gypsum pollution caused by industrial byproducts and playing a positive promotion role in protecting environment and resources. The high-temperature gypsum common concrete provided by the invention comprises high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, an admixture, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and an additive, and is prepared by premixing the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, the admixture, the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate, adding the water and the additive, uniformly stirring, pouring, shaping and curing. The durability, strength, water resistance and surface hardness of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete prepared by the invention all meet the requirements of national standards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to concrete and a preparation method thereof, in particular to high-temperature gypsum common concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China has rich natural gypsum ore resources and a large amount of industrial by-product gypsum, and provides rich natural resources and tailing resources for the preparation and production of gypsum. The gypsum has the material characteristics of quick setting time, good plasticity, light weight, recycling, micro-expansibility and the like, so the gypsum has extremely high utilization value. At present, the method is widely applied to industries such as building materials, medicines, chemical engineering and the like. Because the semi-hydrated gypsum product produced by the traditional process has the defects of large water absorption, poor water resistance, low softening coefficient, poor wear resistance, poor freezing resistance and the like, the gypsum building material and the product are mainly applied to indoor dry environment, and the gypsum product mainly comprises a light partition wall, a gypsum block and the like. According to the known literature, the application of gypsum in the concrete field is almost zero, which has a serious restriction on the comprehensive utilization of gypsum resources and industrial by-product gypsum in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides high-temperature gypsum common concrete and a preparation method thereof, aiming at finishing the current situation of zero application of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum in the field of concrete, so that the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum concrete becomes a novel material, and the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum common concrete plays a positive promoting role in reducing the comprehensive cost of the concrete, solving the problem of gypsum pollution caused by industrial byproducts, protecting the environment and resources.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following materials in parts by mass based on the mass of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum: 1 part of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 0.8-2 parts of admixture, 3-5 parts of fine aggregate, 5-7 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.6-1 part of water and 0.02-0.06 part of additive.
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass based on the mass of the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum: 1 part of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 1-1.8 parts of admixture, 3.5-4.5 parts of fine aggregate, 5.5-6.5 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.7-0.9 part of water and 0.03-0.05 part of additive.
The high-temperature anhydrous gypsum is prepared by heating dihydrate gypsum at a high temperature of 600-900 ℃ for dehydration.
The admixture meets the admixture requirement of national standard for concrete, and is one or more of portland cement, fly ash, silica powder and ground steel slag powder. The Portland cement is preferably P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement; the silicon powder is preferably medium-density silicon powder with silicon content of more than or equal to 90 percent; the fly ash is preferably I-grade fly ash; the fineness of the ground steel slag powder is less than or equal to 0.04 mm.
Wherein the fine aggregate meets the requirements of the national standard on the fine aggregate for concrete, and the fine aggregate is natural sand or artificial sand. The mud content of the artificial sand is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, the fineness modulus is 2.6, and the qualified medium sand is graded.
Wherein the coarse aggregate meets the requirements of national standard on the coarse aggregate for concrete, and the coarse aggregate is broken stone or pebble. The mud content of the gravel is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the specification is 5-25mm, and the graded stone is qualified.
Wherein the admixture meets the requirements of national standard for concrete admixture, and the admixture is preferably a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Wherein, the water meets the standard requirement of concrete mixing water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following specific steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, the admixture, the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate into stirring equipment for low-speed pre-stirring uniformly, and then putting the water and the admixture into the stirring equipment for high-speed stirring uniformly; the one-time mixing quantity is less than or equal to 1 cubic meter; the low-speed stirring speed is 135-145 r/min; the low-speed stirring time is more than or equal to 30 s; the high-speed stirring speed is 270-290 r/min; the high-speed stirring time is more than or equal to 2 min; the stirring mode is horizontal double-shaft forced stirring; the stirring equipment is provided with an emergency anti-solidification system;
(2) pouring the uniformly stirred high-temperature gypsum concrete in the step (1) into the fixed model without slurry leakage, and vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface to smooth the surface;
(3) after the concrete is finally set, the concrete is immediately maintained by adopting a film covering, heat preservation and moisture preservation, the film covering and maintenance time is not less than 7 days in summer, the humidity is not less than 60 percent, and the normal-temperature watering maintenance is not less than 21 days; the film covering and maintaining time in winter is not less than 12 days, the humidity is not less than 60 percent, and the normal-temperature watering and maintaining time is not less than 16 days.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention mixes the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum into the common concrete as a cementing material of the common concrete, so that the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum and the components of portland cement, silica powder, fly ash, mineral powder and the like in the admixture are subjected to mutual chemical action to form a new gel system, and the calcium silicate gel is formed inside or on the surface of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete, so that the high-temperature gypsum common concrete has higher softening coefficient, the performance indexes of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete such as waterproof property, water resistance, frost resistance, wear resistance and the like are improved, and the shackle that a gypsum product cannot be applied in a humid environment is broken.
2. Under the condition that the raw materials are the same as the raw materials of the cement common concrete, the price of the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum is lower than that of the cement cementing material, so that the comprehensive cost of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete is reduced, and the high-temperature gypsum common concrete has positive influence on improving the comprehensive recycling of industrial by-product gypsum, reducing environmental pollution, saving resources and reducing the civil cost.
3. The invention improves the durability, strength, water resistance and surface hardness of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete product by accurately designing the material mixing ratio, expands the application range of the gypsum product, reduces the using amount of cement cementing materials, protects natural resources and ensures that all indexes meet the national standard requirements.
The method for calculating the mixing proportion of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
first, preparation strength
fFitting for mixing＝fs+Q
fFitting for mixing: concrete formulated Strength (MPa)
fs: concrete design grade (MPa)
Q: standard deviation (MPa), the value of standard deviation should be not less than 5.0
Secondly, the design method of the mix proportion adopts an assumed quality correction method, and the main design control parameters are as follows:
1. W/P water-to-glue ratio: according to the formulation intensity (f)Fitting for mixing) The water-to-glue ratio is preferably selected within the range of (0.22-0.50).
2. The total amount of glue per cubic unit P is assumed to be chosen according to the strength of the formulation0Calculating the cubic water consumption W from the determined W/P0。
3. P/S rubber-sand ratio: selecting a proper rubber-sand ratio (the rubber-sand ratio is preferably less than or equal to 1) according to the preparation strength, and calculating S according to the selected P/S0Cubic dosage.
4. Pws/G pulp set ratio: selecting Pws/G according to the preparation intensity,Pws/G is preferably more than or equal to 1.0, and the cubic amount of the coarse aggregate is calculated according to the known related parameters and the cubic material quantity according to the following formula: Pws/G ═ P0+W0+S0)/G0。
5. Blending materials: when the mixing proportion is designed, a certain proportion of admixture is adopted to promote the surface of the concrete to form a calcium-silicon waterproof layer with enough thickness so as to improve the waterproof and anti-permeability performance of the concrete. The proportion of the admixture is determined according to the design strength, and the admixture adding method can adopt an equivalent substitution method and an external mixing method to calculate the admixture dosage.
6. Setting time: because the hydration speed of the high-temperature gypsum after being excited is faster than that of a hydraulic cementing material, the setting time is used as a main index for design control during the design of the mixing proportion, and the design is reasonably determined according to comprehensive factors such as on-site mixing capacity, construction quantity, construction capacity, transport distance and the like. The setting time (Ds) characterization is calculated by the time that the high-temperature gypsum common concrete begins to lose working plasticity, and generally the Ds is more than or equal to 2 hours.
7. The working performance is as follows: the working performance of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete is expressed by the fluidity L which is more than or equal to 500 mm. The test method comprises the following steps: and filling the concrete slump constant instrument with the concrete mixture at one time by using the concrete slump constant instrument, lightly hitting the periphery of the instrument by using a rubber hammer, then scraping the redundant part, and lifting at a constant speed. And when the mixture flows to be static, measuring the diameters of more than two different directions by using a steel ruler, and expressing the L value by using the minimum diameter measurement value.
8. Additive: because the dosage of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete cementing material is higher, an additive must be adopted during the design of the mixing proportion, and the preparation strength of the concrete is improved by 2-3MPa when the retarding additive is used.
9. The theoretical mixing ratio is as follows: calculating the cubic dosage proportion of each material in the theoretical mixing proportion according to a hypothesis method and each design parameter: p0：S0：G0：W0＝1：------。
Thirdly, determining the mixing ratio
1. And calculating not less than 20% of the mixing volume of the test mixing equipment according to the theoretical mixing proportion of the cubic material to carry out a test mixing test. The trial mixture should describe and characterize the relevant indexes of fluidity, encapsulation, slurry viscosity and the like.
2. Measured bulk density of the mixture: filling the fresh mixed mixture into a 5L volume liter, vibrating on a vibration table for at least 10s, leveling to be flush after the vibration is finished, cleaning the periphery of the volume liter, weighing and calculating the measured volume weight:S＝G5/5。
3. calculating the correction coefficient of the hypothesis: c ═S/L。(L＝P0+S0+G0+W0)。
4. Calculating the corrected quantity of each cubic material: p1＝P0×C、S1＝S0×C------。
5. Calculating a reference mixing ratio according to the corrected cubic material usage: p1：S1：G1：W1＝1：------。
6. And adopting a reference water-to-gel ratio W/P +/-0.2 in a reference mixing ratio, and trial-stirring and actually measuring the compressive strength of the mixture in the 28-day age under the conditions of keeping the reference water consumption unchanged, the rubber-to-sand ratio +/-0.1 and the slurry concentration ratio +/-0.1.
7. According to the relation between the 28-day actually measured strength and the glue ratio, calculating a relation between the strength and the glue ratio: f. ofFitting for mixing＝A+B(P/W)。
8. According to fFitting for mixingCalculating the water-glue ratio W/P required by the trial-mix strength according to an A + B (P/W) relational expression, calculating the use amount of each cubic material under the conditions of keeping the water consumption of a reference unchanged, the glue-sand ratio unchanged and the slurry collection ratio unchanged, wherein the use amount ratio of each cubic material is the design mix ratio, and the mix ratio represents: p: s: g: w is 1: - - - - - -.
W/P water-to-glue ratio: the ratio of the mass sum of the high-temperature gypsum and the admixture in each cubic concrete to the mass of the cubic water is referred to.
P/S rubber-sand ratio: the ratio of the total mass of the high-temperature gypsum and the admixture in each cubic concrete to the mass of the fine aggregate for cubic concrete is shown.
Pws/G pulp set ratio: the mass of high-temperature gypsum in each cubic concrete is added with the mass of admixture and waterThe ratio of the total mass of the fine aggregate to the mass of the coarse aggregate for cubic use. The expression is as follows: Pws/G ═ P0+C0+W0+S0)/G0。
P: high temperature gypsum is abbreviated; c: admixture is abbreviated; s: fine aggregate is abbreviated; g: coarse aggregate is abbreviated; w: water is abbreviated.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
210kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 185kg of Portland cement, 25kg of silica powder, 699kg of artificial sand, 1141kg of broken stone, 8.4kg of an additive and 140kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, silicon powder, artificial sand and broken stone into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed of 135-145 r/min for 30 s;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C30.
Example 2
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
210kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 185kg of Portland cement, 25kg of fly ash, 699kg of artificial sand, 1141kg of broken stone, 8.4kg of additive and 140kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, fly ash, artificial sand and gravel into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed of 135-145 r/min for 30 s;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 32 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C30.
Example 3
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
210kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 185kg of Portland cement, 25kg of ground steel slag powder, 699kg of artificial sand, 1141kg of macadam, 8.4kg of additive and 140kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, ground steel slag powder, artificial sand and broken stone into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed for 30s at a stirring speed of 135-145 r/min;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 9 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 9 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C30.
The high-temperature anhydrous gypsum in embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention is prepared by heating dihydrate gypsum at a high temperature at a calcination temperature of 600 to 900 ℃ to remove water, and the content of the anhydrous gypsum is not less than 60%; the Portland cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement; the silicon powder is medium-density silicon powder with silicon content more than or equal to 90 percent; the fly ash is I-grade fly ash; the fineness of the fine steel slag powder is less than or equal to 0.04 mm; the mud content of the artificial sand is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, the fineness modulus is 2.6, and qualified medium sand is graded; the mud content of the broken stone is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the specification is 5-25mm, and the stone is qualified in gradation; the water meets the requirement of concrete mixing water; the additive is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
The concrete prepared in the embodiment 1-3 is detected, the concrete fluidity, the compressive strength, the softening coefficient, the frost resistance and the impermeability grade are detected by referring to GB/T50080 ordinary concrete mixture performance, GB/T50081 ordinary concrete mechanical property test method and GB/T50082 ordinary concrete long-term performance and durability test method, and the detection results are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1C 30 high temperature gypsum general concrete prepared in examples 1-3
Through the performance detection of the C30 high-temperature gypsum common concrete prepared in the embodiments 1-3, all indexes of the detected compressive strength, softening coefficient, anti-permeability grade and anti-freezing performance meet the national standard requirements.
Example 4
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
187kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 135kg of Portland cement, 18kg of silica powder, 940kg of artificial sand, 951kg of broken stone, 3.8kg of additive and 169kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, silicon powder, artificial sand and broken stone into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed of 135-145 r/min for 30 s;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C20.
Example 5
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
187kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 135kg of Portland cement, 18kg of fly ash, 940kg of artificial sand, 951kg of broken stone, 3.8kg of additive and 169kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, fly ash, artificial sand and gravel into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed of 135-145 r/min for 30 s;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C20.
Example 6
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
187kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 135kg of Portland cement, 18kg of ground steel slag powder, 940kg of artificial sand, 951kg of broken stone, 3.8kg of additive and 169kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, ground steel slag powder, artificial sand and broken stone into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed for 30s at a stirring speed of 135-145 r/min;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C20.
The high-temperature anhydrous gypsum in embodiments 4-6 of the invention is prepared by heating dihydrate gypsum at a high temperature at a calcination temperature of 600-900 ℃ to remove water, and the content of the anhydrous gypsum is not less than 60%; the Portland cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement; the silicon powder is medium-density silicon powder with silicon content more than or equal to 90 percent; the fly ash is I-grade fly ash; the fineness of the fine steel slag powder is less than or equal to 0.04 mm; the mud content of the artificial sand is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, the fineness modulus is 2.6, and qualified medium sand is graded; the mud content of the broken stone is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the specification is 5-25mm, and the stone is qualified in gradation; the water meets the requirement of concrete mixing water; the additive is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
The concrete prepared in the embodiment 4-6 is detected, the concrete fluidity, the compressive strength, the softening coefficient, the frost resistance and the impermeability grade are detected by referring to GB/T50080 ordinary concrete mixture performance, GB/T50081 ordinary concrete mechanical property test method and GB/T50082 ordinary concrete long-term performance and durability test method, and the detection results are shown in Table 2:
table 2C 20 high temperature gypsum general concrete prepared in examples 4-6
Through the performance detection of the C20 high-temperature gypsum common concrete prepared in the embodiments 4-6, all indexes of the detected compressive strength, softening coefficient, anti-permeability grade and anti-freezing performance meet the national standard requirements.
Example 7
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
180kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 246kg of Portland cement, 34kg of silica powder, 594kg of artificial sand, 1206kg of broken stone, 9kg of additive and 140kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, silicon powder, artificial sand and broken stone into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed of 135-145 r/min for 30 s;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C40.
Example 8
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
180kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 246kg of Portland cement, 34kg of fly ash, 594kg of artificial sand, 1206kg of broken stone, 9kg of additive and 140kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, fly ash, artificial sand and gravel into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed of 135-145 r/min for 30 s;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C40.
Example 9
The high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following components:
180kg of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 246kg of Portland cement, 34kg of ground steel slag powder, 594kg of artificial sand, 1206kg of broken stone, 9kg of additive and 140kg of water.
The preparation method of the high-temperature gypsum common concrete comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, sequentially adding high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, portland cement, ground steel slag powder, artificial sand and broken stone into stirring equipment, and stirring at a low speed for 30s at a stirring speed of 135-145 r/min;
(2) adding water and an additive into the uniformly stirred mixture at the same time, and stirring at a high speed of 270-290 r/min for 120s until the mixture is uniformly stirred;
(3) pouring the concrete obtained in the step (2) into the fixed component model, vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface and trowelling the surface;
(4) after the concrete is demoulded, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, the exposed surface of the concrete is immediately covered by a plastic film, the lap joint part is sealed by a self-adhesive tape, the exposed part of the concrete is in the film seal, the moisture preservation and maintenance are carried out by utilizing the self-evaporated water of the concrete, the maintenance is carried out for 8 days, the humidity is more than 60 percent in the maintenance process, after the moisture preservation and maintenance of a film covering is carried out for 8 days, the film is removed, the watering maintenance is carried out for not less than four times per day for 20 days, and the maintenance age is.
The concrete meets the standard of C40.
The high-temperature anhydrous gypsum in embodiments 7 to 9 of the invention is prepared by heating dihydrate gypsum at a high temperature at a calcination temperature of 600 to 900 ℃ to remove water, and the content of the anhydrous gypsum is not less than 60%; the Portland cement is P.O42.5 ordinary Portland cement; the silicon powder is medium-density silicon powder with silicon content more than or equal to 90 percent; the fly ash is I-grade fly ash; the fineness of the fine steel slag powder is less than or equal to 0.04 mm; the mud content of the artificial sand is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, the fineness modulus is 2.6, and qualified medium sand is graded; the mud content of the broken stone is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the specification is 5-25mm, and the stone is qualified in gradation; the water meets the requirement of concrete mixing water; the additive is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent.
The concrete prepared in examples 7-9 is detected respectively, the concrete fluidity, compressive strength, softening coefficient, frost resistance and impermeability grade are detected by detection references GB/T50080 common concrete mixture performance, GB/T50081 common concrete mechanical property test method and GB/T50082 common concrete long-term performance and durability test method, and the detection results are shown in Table 3:
table 3C 40 high temperature gypsum general concrete prepared in examples 7-9
Through the performance detection of the C40 high-temperature gypsum common concrete prepared in the embodiments 7-9, all indexes of the detected compressive strength, softening coefficient, anti-permeability grade and anti-freezing performance meet the national standard requirements.
Claims (10)
1. The high-temperature gypsum common concrete is characterized in that: the high-temperature gypsum common concrete is prepared from the following materials in parts by mass based on the mass of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum: 1 part of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 0.8-2 parts of admixture, 3-5 parts of fine aggregate, 5-7 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.6-1 part of water and 0.02-0.06 part of additive; the admixture is one or more of Portland cement, fly ash, silica powder and ground steel slag powder; the fine aggregate is natural sand or artificial sand; the coarse aggregate is broken stone or pebble; the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
2. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature gypsum common concrete is prepared from the following materials in parts by mass based on the mass of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum: 1 part of high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, 1-1.8 parts of admixture, 3.5-4.5 parts of fine aggregate, 5.5-6.5 parts of coarse aggregate, 0.7-0.9 part of water and 0.03-0.05 part of additive.
3. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum is prepared by heating dihydrate gypsum at a high temperature of 600-900 ℃ for dehydration.
4. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the portland cement is P.O42.5 ordinary portland cement.
5. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the silicon powder is medium-density silicon powder with silicon content more than or equal to 90 percent.
6. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fly ash is I-grade fly ash.
7. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fineness of the ground steel slag powder is less than or equal to 0.04 mm.
8. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mud content of the artificial sand is less than or equal to 3.0 percent, the fineness modulus is 2.6, and the qualified medium sand is graded.
9. A high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mud content of the gravel is less than or equal to 1.0 percent, the specification is 5-25mm, and the graded stone is qualified.
10. A method for preparing high temperature gypsum ordinary concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the high-temperature anhydrous gypsum, the admixture, the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate into stirring equipment for low-speed pre-stirring uniformly, and then putting the water and the admixture into the stirring equipment for high-speed stirring uniformly; the one-time mixing quantity is less than or equal to 1 cubic meter; the low-speed stirring speed is 135-145 r/min; the low-speed stirring time is more than or equal to 30 s; the high-speed stirring speed is 270-290 r/min; the high-speed stirring time is more than or equal to 2 min; the stirring mode is horizontal double-shaft forced stirring; the stirring equipment is provided with an emergency anti-solidification system;
(2) pouring the uniformly stirred high-temperature gypsum concrete in the step (1) into the fixed model without slurry leakage, and vibrating and compacting until no bubbles overflow from the surface to smooth the surface;
(3) after the concrete is finally set and demoulded, the concrete is immediately maintained by adopting a film covering, heat preservation and moisture preservation, the film covering and maintenance time is not less than 7 days in summer, the humidity is not less than 60 percent, and the normal-temperature watering maintenance is not less than 21 days; the film covering and maintaining time in winter is not less than 12 days, the humidity is not less than 60 percent, and the normal-temperature watering and maintaining time is not less than 16 days.
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