CN112551850A - Livestock breeding-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process - Google Patents
Livestock breeding-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112551850A CN112551850A CN202011181184.8A CN202011181184A CN112551850A CN 112551850 A CN112551850 A CN 112551850A CN 202011181184 A CN202011181184 A CN 202011181184A CN 112551850 A CN112551850 A CN 112551850A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/01—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/01—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables
- A01K1/0103—Removal of dung or urine, e.g. from stables of liquid manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/2866—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors
- C02F3/2893—Particular arrangements for anaerobic reactors with biogas recycling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/50—Livestock or poultry management
- Y02P60/52—Livestock or poultry management use of renewable energies
Abstract
The invention discloses an agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding, and relates to the technical field of livestock breeding waste anaerobic treatment processes; in order to more fully utilize animal manure and simultaneously achieve the purposes of returning manure to the field and zero emission; the method specifically comprises the following steps: collecting the pasture excrement through a collecting system; carrying out solid-liquid separation on the collected pasture excrement by a solid separator to obtain solid dry excrement and waste liquid; the solid dry manure is used for fermenting bed padding or returning to the field in a composting mode; and introducing the waste liquid into a regulating water tank for regulation. The method comprises the steps of collecting the waste manure of the pasture, carrying out solid-liquid separation, using waste residues for pig bed padding in a composting mode, and returning waste liquid to the field after the waste liquid enters an oxidation pond for fermentation; the HDPE normal-temperature anaerobic fermentation bag is adopted to carry out totally-enclosed anaerobic treatment on the whole pasture sewage anaerobic pond for 180 days, and meanwhile, the flow direction of pollutants in the production process can be controlled, the pollution degree of crops is reduced, epidemic diseases are controlled, and zero discharge of sewage is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding waste anaerobic treatment processes, in particular to an agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding.
Background
In the field of livestock breeding, excrement and urine and waste water contain a large amount of organic matters, ammonia, phosphorus, suspended matters and pathogenic bacteria, stink is generated, and pollutants are concentrated due to large amount; in addition, because the activity rule of cattle in the farm comes according to the biological clock, the fluctuation of water quality and water quantity exists; for the excrement of a large cattle farm, the problem of excrement treatment needs to be considered, and the large anaerobic bag is used for generating electricity, solving the problem of excrement pollution and controlling bacterial cross infection of the excrement.
Through retrieval, a Chinese patent with the application number of CN201911079363.8 discloses a method for treating animal wastes of circulating agriculture, wherein the used main materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of animal wastes, 4-5 parts of plant ash, 1-1.5 parts of lime powder and 40-50 parts of water, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise 60-70 wt% of dung beetle imagoes and 30-40wt% of earthworm imagoes in percentage by weight. The method for treating the excrement of the circulating agricultural animals in the patent has the following defects: animal waste is often mixed in solid and liquid, which is not beneficial to mixing treatment, and the method can not fully utilize the energy of the animal waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting the pasture excrement through a collecting system;
s2: carrying out solid-liquid separation on the collected pasture excrement by a solid separator to obtain solid dry excrement and waste liquid;
s3: the solid dry manure is used for fermenting bed padding or returning to the field in a composting mode;
s4: introducing the waste liquid into a regulating water tank for regulation;
s5: introducing the regulated waste liquid into a pasture sewage anaerobic pond, and totally sealing the whole pasture sewage anaerobic pond by adopting an HDPE normal-temperature anaerobic fermentation bag to perform anaerobic treatment for 180 days;
s6: after anaerobic digestion treatment and precipitation in an anaerobic pond, organic fertilizer is generated, and finally, the purpose of returning manure to the field and zero emission is achieved;
in the step S5, the generated biogas is collected in an anaerobic process, and is subjected to dehydration and desulfurization, and the finally processed biogas is used for power generation.
Preferably: the HDPE impermeable membrane material meets the following physical and mechanical performance indexes:
carrying out high-density (rho) cultivation at a rate of not less than 900 kg/m;
the breaking tensile stress (sigma) is not lower than 22 MPa;
elongation at break (. epsilon.) is not less than 700%;
the elastic modulus (E) is not lower than 70MPa at 5 ℃;
freezing resistance, i.e. brittleness temperature, is not lower than 60 ℃;
the coupling strength is greater than the base metal strength;
tear strength greater than or equal to 40N/mm;
the impermeability strength is not permeable for 48 hours under the water pressure of 1.05 MPa;
the permeability coefficient is less than 10-13 cm/s.
Further: the anaerobic pond strictly controls the construction quality of a base surface, the slope of the anaerobic pond is less than 40 ℃, the slope surface is excessively gentle, a sludge layer on the side wall is excavated, a fine soil cushion layer or a clay layer is added to the bottom and the side wall of the anaerobic pond, the bottom and the side wall of the anaerobic pond are rolled and tamped by 150mm, and the tamping coefficient is more than 0.95; drying the surface of the substrate, wherein the water content is below 15%; the base surface should be dry, tamped, leveled, free of cracks, obvious sharp protrusions, muddy and dented, and free of tree roots, rubbles, stones, concrete particles, reinforcing steel bar heads, glass chips and other sharp impurities which may influence the operation of the impermeable membrane within the vertical depth of 25 mm; treating the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the slope surface and the slope ratio thereof, the anchoring groove on the side slope and the intersection of the slope surface and the false surface; the flatness of the steel plate is changed smoothly, the gradient is uniform, and the gradient is consistent; smoothly transiting yin and yang positions on the base surface, wherein the radius of the yin and yang positions is not less than 0.5 m; the dry density of the soil substrate is not less than 1.4t per square meter.
Further preferred is: the anchoring of the HDPE impermeable membrane is specifically groove anchoring; a flexible water stop is arranged between the impermeable membrane and the rigid structure; after anchoring, pressing the mixture by using plain soil to form a closed anti-seepage body; and according to the use condition and the stress condition of the HDPE impermeable membrane, excavating a U-shaped anchoring ditch along 1.5m of the edge of the anaerobic pond, wherein the size of the anchoring ditch is 1m x 1m, and performing smooth chamfering treatment on the internal and external corners; after the HDPE bottom membrane is laid, the edge of the impervious membrane is turned over in the groove, plain soil is backfilled by stone for 10cm in thickness, and after the top membrane is laid, the anchoring groove is filled with plain soil and tamped to fix the anchoring groove.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention: the pipeline laying of the anaerobic pond specifically comprises the following steps: after the storage pond is excavated, excavating blind ditches according to actual conditions on site, and laying a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an underground water guide and discharge pipe; when a pipeline needs to penetrate through the membrane in the process of laying the anti-seepage membrane, the joint welding of the pipe and the HDPE anti-seepage membrane is constructed by adopting a pipe-through-membrane process; the pipeline uses 200mmPE pipes of brans, can bear the pressure more than 10 kpa.
Further preferred as the invention: the weather requirement of the HDPE impermeable membrane construction is as follows: the air temperature is more than or equal to 5 ℃; wind power is below four levels; when the impermeable membrane construction is influenced by wind weather and wind power, the HDPE impermeable membrane to be welded is firmly pressed by a sand bag; the lapping width of the seams between the films is not less than 100mm during the laying of the HDPE impermeable films, so that the arrangement direction of the seams is parallel to the maximum slope toe line, namely the seams are arranged along the slope direction; when the gradient is larger than 1: no welding seam is arranged on the slope of the 6 within 1.5 meters away from the top slope or the stress concentration area.
As a still further scheme of the invention: HDPE prevention of seepage membrane need utilize prevention of seepage membrane coil stock test equipment to carry out prevention of seepage membrane coil stock test before laying, prevention of seepage membrane coil stock test equipment includes the workstation, workstation top outer wall has the left socle through the bolt fastening, and left socle one side outer wall installs the motor through the motor cabinet, and the output of motor has the coil stock cylinder through shaft coupling and axle swivelling joint, the coil stock cylinder is hollow structure, and the intussuseption of coil stock cylinder is filled with the gasbag, and gasbag one end is passed through the gas sliding ring and is installed in the epaxial of coil stock cylinder, coil stock cylinder inner wall sliding connection has the backup pad of even circumference distribution.
On the basis of the scheme: the support plate is of an arc-surface I-shaped structure matched with the air bag and the coiling roller in shape; a feeding support is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench through bolts, and two symmetrical flat rollers are mounted on the inner walls of two sides of the feeding support through rotating shafts; and the workbench is also provided with a detection mechanism.
On the basis of the foregoing scheme, it is preferable that: the detection mechanism comprises a roller frame and an electric telescopic rod, the electric telescopic rod is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench through screws, the inner walls of two sides of the roller frame are provided with the same supporting roller through shafts, the outer wall of the bottom of the roller frame is provided with a pressure sensing assembly, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod is installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the pressure sensing assembly.
It is further preferable on the basis of the foregoing scheme that: the workstation top inner wall has seted up the spout, and spout inner wall sliding connection has the slide, and slide top outer wall has the right branch frame through the screw fixation, and one side outer wall that the right branch frame is close to the coiling material cylinder has the connecting seat through the screw fixation, and the floating spin of installing of connecting seat circumference outer wall, the backup pad is kept away from coiling material cylinder one side outer wall and is embedded to be installed elasticity adhesive tape, and elasticity adhesive tape is hollow structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method comprises the steps of collecting the waste manure of the pasture, carrying out solid-liquid separation, using waste residues for pig bed padding in a composting mode, and returning waste liquid to the field after the waste liquid enters an oxidation pond for fermentation; the HDPE normal-temperature anaerobic fermentation bag is adopted to carry out full-closed anaerobic treatment on the whole pasture sewage anaerobic pond for 180 days, and meanwhile, the flow direction of pollutants in the production process can be controlled, the pollution degree of crops is reduced, epidemic diseases are controlled, and zero discharge of sewage is realized; after the agricultural wastes are subjected to anaerobic digestion treatment and precipitation, organic fertilizers are generated, and finally, the purpose of returning manure to the field and zero emission is achieved.
2. The method can effectively treat the pig farm sewage, and the project construction takes the principles of resource utilization, volume quantization control, reduction treatment, harmless treatment, ecological development and low-cost treatment, and the method uses the circular economy concept to promote the livestock and poultry breeding pollution treatment, converts the wastes generated by intensive cattle farms into the resources available for the planting industry, finally realizes a benign ecological agricultural production chain with combination and mutual promotion, promotes the coordinated development of the agriculture and breeding industry production and the ecological environment, and actively promotes the energy ecological mode.
3. Through setting up coil stock cylinder, gasbag and backup pad, can utilize motor work, drive the coil stock cylinder and rotate and carry out the coil stock to HDPE prevention of seepage membrane, because the gasbag inflation can be ejecting the backup pad to the outside of coil stock cylinder, consequently can ensure that HDPE prevention of seepage membrane coil stock radius is greater than the radius of coil stock cylinder, and after the coil stock, can make the backup pad withdrawal for the carminative mode of gasbag, and then be convenient for take off HDPE prevention of seepage membrane, it is convenient, reliable to use.
4. Due to the design of the flat rollers, the HDPE impermeable membrane can penetrate between the two flat rollers, and is flattened in the material rolling process, so that the phenomenon of wrinkles is avoided, and the practicability is improved; through setting up detection mechanism, be convenient for through electric telescopic handle control support cylinder lift to prevent osmosis membrane middle part jack-up with HDPE, with detecting its tensile strength, promoted the practicality.
5. By arranging the connecting seat, the rolling ball and other structures, the HDPE impermeable membrane can be reliably supported when the rolling drum rotates while the unloading of the HDPE impermeable membrane is not influenced, and the firmness and the stability of the structure are improved; through the elastic rubber strip that sets up hollow structure, can utilize the deformation of elastic rubber strip when the backup pad contact supports HDPE prevention of seepage membrane, promote the frictional force of contact to the reliability of guarantee coiling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of pipeline laying in an agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole impermeable membrane coil testing device for the livestock breeding-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the side of an anti-seepage film coil stock testing device for the livestock breeding-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a material rolling drum in the impermeable membrane material rolling test equipment for the agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding.
In the figure: 1 workstation, 2 feeding support, 3 flat cylinder, 4 support cylinders, 5 pressure sensing subassembly, 6 roller frames, 7 coiling material cylinders, 8 connecting seats, 9 spin, 10 right branch framves, 11 slide carriages, 12 spouts, 13 backup pads, 14 left branch framves, 15 motors, 16 electric telescopic handle, 17 gasbags, 18 elasticity adhesive tapes.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present patent, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present patent and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the convenience of describing the patent and for the simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
In the description of this patent, it is noted that unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixedly connected, disposed, detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected and disposed. The specific meaning of the above terms in this patent may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
An agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding, as shown in figures 1-5, comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting the pasture excrement through a collecting system;
s2: carrying out solid-liquid separation on the collected pasture excrement by a solid separator to obtain solid dry excrement and waste liquid;
s3: the solid dry manure is used for fermenting bed padding or returning to the field in a composting mode;
s4: introducing the waste liquid into a regulating water tank for regulation;
s5: introducing the regulated waste liquid into a pasture sewage anaerobic pond, and totally sealing the whole pasture sewage anaerobic pond by adopting an HDPE normal-temperature anaerobic fermentation bag to perform anaerobic treatment for 180 days;
s6: after anaerobic digestion treatment and precipitation in an anaerobic pond, organic fertilizer is generated, and finally, the purpose of returning manure to the field and zero emission is achieved;
in the step S5, the generated biogas is collected in an anaerobic process, and is subjected to dehydration and desulfurization, and the finally processed biogas is used for power generation.
In order to ensure the smooth and reliable anaerobic process;
(1) according to Polyethylene (PE) geomembrane anti-seepage engineering technical specification SL/T231-98; under the condition of qualified quality, the normal permeation quantity of the HDPE impermeable membrane can be calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝kAΔH/δ
in the formula:
Q-Normal Permeability,/s;
k is the permeability coefficient of the PE geomembrane, m/s;
A-PE geomembrane penetration area and square meter;
Δ H-difference of water level between upper and lower PE geomembranes, m;
delta-PE geomembrane thickness, m.
(2) Hydraulic and stability calculations:
k=1.0×10-19m/s
A=7053㎡
⊿H=3.0m
δ=0.0015m
Q=1.411×10-12m/s <3.06×10-6m/s
(3) the HDPE impermeable membrane material meets the following physical and mechanical performance indexes:
carrying out high-density (rho) cultivation at a rate of not less than 900 kg/m;
the breaking tensile stress (sigma) is not lower than 22 MPa;
elongation at break (. epsilon.) is not less than 700%;
the elastic modulus (E) is not lower than 70MPa at 5 ℃;
freezing resistance, i.e. brittleness temperature, is not lower than 60 ℃;
the coupling strength is greater than the base metal strength;
tear strength greater than or equal to 40N/mm;
the impermeability strength is not permeable for 48 hours under the water pressure of 1.05 MPa;
the permeability coefficient is less than 10-13 cm/s.
In order to ensure the anaerobic treatment effect; the anaerobic pond strictly controls the construction quality of a base surface, the slope of the anaerobic pond is less than 40 ℃, the slope surface is excessively gentle, a sludge layer on the side wall is excavated, a fine soil cushion layer or a clay layer is added to the bottom and the side wall of the anaerobic pond, the bottom and the side wall of the anaerobic pond are rolled and tamped by 150mm, and the tamping coefficient is more than 0.95; drying the surface of the substrate, wherein the water content is below 15%; the base surface should be dry, tamped, leveled, free of cracks, obvious sharp protrusions, muddy and dented, and free of tree roots, rubbles, stones, concrete particles, reinforcing steel bar heads, glass chips and other sharp impurities which may influence the operation of the impermeable membrane within the vertical depth of 25 mm; treating the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the slope surface and the slope ratio thereof, the anchoring groove on the side slope and the intersection of the slope surface and the false surface; the flatness of the anti-seepage coating is gently changed, the gradient is uniform, the gradient is consistent, and the anti-seepage coating meets the design requirements of HDPE anti-seepage membrane anti-seepage engineering technical specifications (industry standard SL/T231-98); smoothly transiting yin and yang positions on the base surface, wherein the radius of the yin and yang positions is not less than 0.5 m; the dry density of the soil substrate is not less than 1.4t per square meter.
In order to ensure the fixing effect of the HDPE impermeable membrane; the anchoring of the HDPE impermeable membrane is specifically groove anchoring; a flexible water stop is arranged between the impermeable membrane and the rigid structure; after anchoring, pressing the mixture by using plain soil to form a closed anti-seepage body; and according to the use condition and the stress condition of the HDPE impermeable membrane, excavating a U-shaped anchoring ditch along 1.5m of the edge of the anaerobic pond, wherein the size of the anchoring ditch is 1m x 1m, and performing smooth chamfering treatment on the internal and external corners; after the HDPE bottom membrane is laid, the edge of the impervious membrane is turned over in the groove, plain soil is backfilled by stone for 10cm in thickness, and after the top membrane is laid, the anchoring groove is filled with plain soil and tamped to fix the anchoring groove.
In order to collect the biogas, the pipeline laying of the anaerobic pond specifically comprises the following steps: after the storage pond is excavated, excavating blind ditches according to actual conditions on site, and laying a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an underground water guide and discharge pipe; when a pipeline needs to penetrate through the membrane in the process of laying the anti-seepage membrane, the joint welding of the pipe and the HDPE anti-seepage membrane is constructed by adopting a pipe-through-membrane process; the pipeline uses 200mmPE pipes of brans, can bear the pressure more than 10 kpa.
The checking method comprises the following steps: the pipe is put in water, one end of the pipe orifice is blocked, the other end is inflated or blown by an inflator, and whether bubbles emerge around the pipe is observed. If no bubble exists, the air delivery pipe does not leak air. Otherwise, air leakage occurs.
The PE pipe exposed outdoors can prolong the service life by sleeving the plastic hard pipe outside the pipe in order to avoid aging and cracking caused by long-time exposure to the sun and rain; the buried conduit can also be sleeved with a plastic pipe, an iron pipe or a brick groove.
The underground drainage guide pipe is connected with an inspection well, and the inner diameter of the inspection well is 1.5m long multiplied by 1.5m wide multiplied by 5.5m deep.
In order to ensure the reliability of the HDPE impermeable membrane, the weather requirements of the HDPE impermeable membrane construction are as follows: the temperature is more than or equal to 5 ℃, the anti-seepage film is tense at low temperature, and the anti-seepage film is loose at high temperature; wind power is below four levels; when the temperature is too low, the construction is generally not required in the strong wind and rain and snow weather of more than 4 grades; when the impermeable membrane construction is influenced by wind weather and wind power, the HDPE impermeable membrane to be welded is firmly pressed by a sand bag; the lapping width of the seams between the films is not less than 100mm during the laying of the HDPE impermeable films, so that the arrangement direction of the seams is parallel to the maximum slope toe line, namely the seams are arranged along the slope direction; when the impermeable film is laid, the stress is required to be the minimum welding line, and raw materials are saved as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the quality; meanwhile, the quality is easy to ensure; in corners and malformed sections, the joint length should be reduced as much as possible; except for special requirements, when the gradient is greater than 1: no welding seam is arranged on the slope of the 6 within 1.5 meters away from the top slope or the stress concentration area.
In order to facilitate the construction; as shown in fig. 3-5, before the HDPE impermeable membrane is laid, impermeable membrane coil stock test equipment needs to be used for carrying out impermeable membrane coil stock test, the impermeable membrane coil stock test equipment comprises a workbench 1, a left support 14 is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench 1 through bolts, a motor 15 is mounted on the outer wall of one side of the left support 14 through a motor base, the output end of the motor 15 is rotatably connected with a coil stock roller 7 through a shaft coupling and a shaft, the coil stock roller 7 is of a hollow structure, an air bag 17 is filled in the coil stock roller 7, one end of the air bag 17 is mounted on the shaft of the coil stock roller 7 through an air slip ring, a support plate 13 which is uniformly and circumferentially distributed is slidably connected to the inner wall of the coil stock roller 7, and the support plate 13 is of an i-shaped structure with an arc surface matched with the shape; a feeding support 2 is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench 1 through bolts, and two symmetrical flat rollers 3 are mounted on the inner walls of two sides of the feeding support 2 through rotating shafts; the detection mechanism is further arranged on the workbench 1, the motor 15 can be used for driving the coil material roller 7 to rotate to coil the HDPE anti-seepage film by arranging the coil material roller 7, the air bag 17 and the support plate 13, the support plate 13 can be pushed out to the outer side of the coil material roller 7 due to expansion of the air bag 17, the radius of the HDPE anti-seepage film coil material can be ensured to be larger than that of the coil material roller 7, the support plate 13 can be retracted in a mode of exhausting the air bag 17 after the coil material is finished, the HDPE anti-seepage film can be conveniently taken down, and the usage is convenient and reliable; in addition, the design of flat-out cylinder 3 can make HDPE prevention of seepage membrane wear between two flat-out cylinders 3, at the in-process of coil stock, further a flat-out to HDPE prevention of seepage membrane is handled, avoids appearing the phenomenon of fold, has promoted the practicality.
To facilitate testing of tensile strength; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the detection mechanism includes a roller frame 6 and an electric telescopic rod 16, the electric telescopic rod 16 is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench 1 through screws, the inner walls of two sides of the roller frame 6 are provided with the same supporting roller 4 through a shaft, the outer wall of the bottom of the roller frame 6 is provided with a pressure sensing assembly 5, and the output end of the electric telescopic rod 16 is mounted on the outer wall of the bottom of the pressure sensing assembly 5; the model of the pressure sensor in the pressure sensing assembly 5 can adopt JYB-KB-CW 2000; through setting up detection mechanism, be convenient for through 16 control support cylinder 4 lifts of electric telescopic handle to prevent osmosis membrane middle part jack-up with HDPE, with detecting its tensile strength, promoted the practicality.
In order to improve reliability; as shown in fig. 3-5, a sliding groove 12 is formed in the inner wall of the top of the workbench 1, a sliding seat 11 is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 12 in a sliding manner, a right bracket 10 is fixed to the outer wall of the top of the sliding seat 11 through screws, a connecting seat 8 is fixed to the outer wall of one side, close to the rolling cylinder 7, of the right bracket 10 through screws, rolling balls 9 are installed on the outer wall of the circumference of the connecting seat 8 in a floating manner, an elastic rubber strip 18 is installed on the outer wall of one side, far away from the; by arranging the connecting seat 8, the rolling ball 9 and other structures, the HDPE impermeable membrane can be reliably supported when the rolling drum 7 rotates while the unloading of the HDPE impermeable membrane is not influenced, and the firmness and the stability of the structure are improved; through the elastic rubber strip 18 with the hollow structure, when the support plate 13 is in contact with and supports the HDPE impermeable membrane, the contact friction force is improved by utilizing the deformation of the elastic rubber strip 18, so that the winding reliability is guaranteed.
When the device is used, one end of an HDPE anti-seepage film to be wound or to be tested penetrates through the two flat rollers 3 and then is fixed on the material rolling roller 7, the motor 15 is utilized to work to drive the material rolling roller 7 to rotate to roll the HDPE anti-seepage film, and the supporting plate 13 can be ejected out of the material rolling roller 7 due to the expansion of the air bag 17, so that the radius of the HDPE anti-seepage film roll can be ensured to be larger than that of the material rolling roller 7, and the supporting plate 13 can be retracted in a mode of exhausting the air bag 17 after the material rolling is finished, so that the HDPE anti-seepage film can be conveniently taken down; in addition, the design of the flat rollers 3 can enable the HDPE impermeable membrane to penetrate between the two flat rollers 3, and the HDPE impermeable membrane is subjected to flat processing in the material rolling process, so that the phenomenon of wrinkles is avoided, and the practicability is improved; by arranging the detection mechanism, the supporting roller 4 is conveniently controlled to lift through the electric telescopic rod 16, so that the middle part of the HDPE impermeable membrane is jacked up to detect the tensile strength of the HDPE impermeable membrane, and the practicability is improved; by arranging the connecting seat 8, the rolling ball 9 and other structures, the HDPE impermeable membrane can be reliably supported when the rolling drum 7 rotates while the unloading of the HDPE impermeable membrane is not influenced, and the firmness and the stability of the structure are improved; through the elastic rubber strip 18 with the hollow structure, when the support plate 13 is in contact with and supports the HDPE impermeable membrane, the contact friction force is improved by utilizing the deformation of the elastic rubber strip 18, so that the winding reliability is guaranteed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on livestock breeding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting the pasture excrement through a collecting system;
s2: carrying out solid-liquid separation on the collected pasture excrement by a solid separator to obtain solid dry excrement and waste liquid;
s3: the solid dry manure is used for fermenting bed padding or returning to the field in a composting mode;
s4: introducing the waste liquid into a regulating water tank for regulation;
s5: introducing the regulated waste liquid into a pasture sewage anaerobic pond, and totally sealing the whole pasture sewage anaerobic pond by adopting an HDPE normal-temperature anaerobic fermentation bag to perform anaerobic treatment for 180 days;
s6: after anaerobic digestion treatment and precipitation in an anaerobic pond, organic fertilizer is generated, and finally, the purpose of returning manure to the field and zero emission is achieved;
in the step S5, the generated biogas is collected in an anaerobic process, and is subjected to dehydration and desulfurization, and the finally processed biogas is used for power generation.
2. The livestock-raising-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the HDPE impermeable film material meets the following physical and mechanical performance indexes:
carrying out high-density (rho) cultivation at a rate of not less than 900 kg/m;
the breaking tensile stress (sigma) is not lower than 22 MPa;
elongation at break (. epsilon.) is not less than 700%;
the elastic modulus (E) is not lower than 70MPa at 5 ℃;
freezing resistance, i.e. brittleness temperature, is not lower than 60 ℃;
the coupling strength is greater than the base metal strength;
tear strength greater than or equal to 40N/mm;
the impermeability strength is not permeable for 48 hours under the water pressure of 1.05 MPa;
the permeability coefficient is less than 10-13 cm/s.
3. The livestock-raising-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process according to claim 1, wherein the anaerobic pond strictly controls the construction quality of a base surface, the slope of the anaerobic pond is less than 40 ℃, the slope surface is excessively gentle, a side wall sludge layer is dug and removed, a fine soil cushion layer or a clay layer is added to the bottom and the side wall of the anaerobic pond for 150mm rolling compaction, and the compaction coefficient is more than 0.95; drying the surface of the substrate, wherein the water content is below 15%; the base surface should be dry, tamped, leveled, free of cracks, obvious sharp protrusions, muddy and dented, and free of tree roots, rubbles, stones, concrete particles, reinforcing steel bar heads, glass chips and other sharp impurities which may influence the operation of the impermeable membrane within the vertical depth of 25 mm; treating the bottom surface of the foundation pit, the slope surface and the slope ratio thereof, the anchoring groove on the side slope and the intersection of the slope surface and the false surface; the flatness of the steel plate is changed smoothly, the gradient is uniform, and the gradient is consistent; smoothly transiting yin and yang positions on the base surface, wherein the radius of the yin and yang positions is not less than 0.5 m; the dry density of the soil substrate is not less than 1.4t per square meter.
4. An agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on animal husbandry according to claim 3, characterized in that the anchoring of the HDPE impermeable membrane is specifically groove anchoring; a flexible water stop is arranged between the impermeable membrane and the rigid structure; after anchoring, pressing the mixture by using plain soil to form a closed anti-seepage body; and according to the use condition and the stress condition of the HDPE impermeable membrane, excavating a U-shaped anchoring ditch along 1.5m of the edge of the anaerobic pond, wherein the size of the anchoring ditch is 1m x 1m, and performing smooth chamfering treatment on the internal and external corners; after the HDPE bottom membrane is laid, the edge of the impervious membrane is turned over in the groove, plain soil is backfilled by stone for 10cm in thickness, and after the top membrane is laid, the anchoring groove is filled with plain soil and tamped to fix the anchoring groove.
5. The livestock breeding-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process according to claim 4, wherein the pipeline laying of the anaerobic pond is specifically as follows: after the storage pond is excavated, excavating blind ditches according to actual conditions on site, and laying a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and an underground water guide and discharge pipe; when a pipeline needs to penetrate through the membrane in the process of laying the anti-seepage membrane, the joint welding of the pipe and the HDPE anti-seepage membrane is constructed by adopting a pipe-through-membrane process; the pipeline uses 200mmPE pipes of brans, can bear the pressure more than 10 kpa.
6. An animal husbandry-based anaerobic treatment process for agricultural wastes according to claim 5, characterized in that the weather requirements for HDPE impermeable membrane construction are: the air temperature is more than or equal to 5 ℃; wind power is below four levels; when the impermeable membrane construction is influenced by wind weather and wind power, the HDPE impermeable membrane to be welded is firmly pressed by a sand bag; the lapping width of the seams between the films is not less than 100mm during the laying of the HDPE impermeable films, so that the arrangement direction of the seams is parallel to the maximum slope toe line, namely the seams are arranged along the slope direction; when the gradient is larger than 1: no welding seam is arranged on the slope of the 6 within 1.5 meters away from the top slope or the stress concentration area.
7. The process for anaerobic treatment of agricultural waste based on livestock breeding according to any one of claims 1-6, it is characterized in that the HDPE impermeable membrane needs to be subjected to impermeable membrane roll material test by using impermeable membrane roll material test equipment before being laid, the impermeable membrane coil stock testing equipment comprises a workbench (1), a left bracket (14) is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1) through bolts, and the outer wall of one side of the left bracket (14) is provided with a motor (15) through a motor base, the output end of the motor (15) is rotationally connected with a coiling roller (7) through a shaft coupling and a shaft, the coil drum (7) is of a hollow structure, an air bag (17) is filled in the coil drum (7), one end of the air bag (17) is arranged on a shaft of the coil drum (7) through an air slip ring, the inner wall of the coil material roller (7) is connected with supporting plates (13) which are evenly distributed on the circumference in a sliding way.
8. An agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process based on animal husbandry according to claim 7, characterized in that the support plate (13) is of a cambered "I" shaped structure adapted to the shape of the air bag (17) and the coil drum (7); a feeding support (2) is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1) through bolts, and two symmetrical flat rollers (3) are mounted on the inner walls of two sides of the feeding support (2) through rotating shafts; the workbench (1) is also provided with a detection mechanism.
9. The livestock breeding-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process according to claim 8, wherein the detection mechanism comprises a roller frame (6) and an electric telescopic rod (16), the electric telescopic rod (16) is fixed on the outer wall of the top of the workbench (1) through screws, the same supporting roller (4) is mounted on the inner walls of two sides of the roller frame (6) through a shaft, a pressure sensing assembly (5) is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the roller frame (6), and the output end of the electric telescopic rod (16) is mounted on the outer wall of the bottom of the pressure sensing assembly (5).
10. The livestock-raising-based agricultural waste anaerobic treatment process according to claim 9, characterized in that a sliding groove (12) is formed in the inner wall of the top of the workbench (1), a sliding seat (11) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (12), a right bracket (10) is fixed to the outer wall of the top of the sliding seat (11) through screws, a connecting seat (8) is fixed to the outer wall of one side, close to the coiling drum (7), of the right bracket (10) through screws, a rolling ball (9) is installed on the outer wall of the circumference of the connecting seat (8) in a floating mode, an elastic rubber strip (18) is installed on the outer wall of one side, away from the coiling drum (7), of the supporting plate (13).
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