CN112548499B - Processing method of three-layer composite steel plate - Google Patents
Processing method of three-layer composite steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112548499B CN112548499B CN202011404449.6A CN202011404449A CN112548499B CN 112548499 B CN112548499 B CN 112548499B CN 202011404449 A CN202011404449 A CN 202011404449A CN 112548499 B CN112548499 B CN 112548499B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method of a three-layer composite steel plate, which comprises the following steps: (1) surface treatment; (2) assembling; (3) Processing a groove, (4), applying pressure in a segmented manner, welding the groove, and then performing all welding and sealing; (5) carrying out primary vacuum-pumping treatment; (6) secondary vacuum-pumping treatment and heating; (7) hot rolling; (8) cold rolling; and (9) carrying out post-treatment to obtain the composite sheet. According to the invention, the bonding is carried out by adopting the adhesive during assembly, so that the primary connection is realized, the groove is processed during welding, and the sectional pressure is applied and the welding and the secondary welding are carried out aiming at the groove, so that the combined blank plate does not have local bulge or tilting; during vacuumizing, a twice vacuumizing treatment mode and a heating mode are adopted, so that firm metallurgical bonding can be formed between the base plate and the clad plate; the double-sided composite sheet of carbon steel and stainless steel processed by the processing steps has corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength and processability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production of stainless steel composite plates, in particular to a processing method of a three-layer composite steel plate.
Background
The stainless steel composite plate is a composite plate steel plate formed by combining a carbon steel substrate and a stainless steel cover plate or combining different series of stainless steel substrates and cover plates. It is mainly characterized by that the carbon steel and stainless steel are formed into firm metallurgical combination, and can be undergone the processes of hot-pressing, cold-bending, cutting and welding, etc., so that it possesses good technological properties.
At present, three methods are mainly used for industrial production of stainless steel composite plates, namely an explosion cladding method, a hot rolling cladding method and a cold rolling cladding method.
The explosion cladding method is that the covering plate is overlapped on the base plate, and a certain distance is formed between the covering plate and the base plate by adopting a cushion. The explosive is spread on the covering plate, and the energy of explosive explosion makes the covering plate impact the substrate at high speed to generate high temperature and high pressure so as to realize solid-phase welding of the interface of the two materials. However, the explosion cladding method has significant drawbacks: 1. are not suitable for producing thinner composite panels having a thickness of less than 10 mm; 2. because the explosive is produced by using the energy of the explosive, the explosive can cause vibration, noise and smoke pollution to the environment; 3. due to the limitation of weather and other process conditions, the production efficiency is low.
The hot-rolled composite plate is formed by rolling a base plate and a clad plate in a physically pure state under a high vacuum condition, and the two metals are diffused in the rolling process to realize complete metallurgical bonding. However, the hot rolled clad plate method also has significant drawbacks: 1. the investment is large and the cost is high; 2. due to the limitation of the rolling reduction ratio, the hot rolling production cannot produce composite plates with the thickness of more than 50mm or less than 5 mm.
The cold rolling compounding method is to produce stainless steel composite sheet (coil) with thickness below 5mm through acid washing, cold rolling, acid washing (or bright annealing), leveling, drawing and straightening and other production processes on the basis of the hot rolling compounding method.
However, in the actual production process, if the substrate and the cover plate are merely stacked naturally during assembly, the substrate and the cover plate are different in material from each other, and therefore, it is difficult to hermetically weld the substrate and the cover plate in the subsequent welding step.
When assembly welding is carried out, namely the base plate and the cover plate are assembled and then welded, the whole combined blank is generally subjected to sealing welding after pressure is applied to the whole combined blank, the welded combined blank is easy to locally bulge or tilt and needs to be reworked, otherwise, the blank is directly scrapped.
In addition, when the vacuum-pumping treatment is carried out, a small hole needs to be formed in the welding sealing position, and a steel pipe needs to be welded at the outer end of the small hole, wherein if the diameter of the small hole is too large, the sealing performance of the sealing position is directly influenced, and if the diameter of the small hole is too small, the vacuum-pumping treatment cannot be carried out; moreover, if the outer diameter or the wall thickness of the steel pipe is too large, the steel pipe is not easily connected to a vacuum-pumping device, and if the outer diameter or the wall thickness of the steel pipe is too small, the steel pipe cannot be adapted to a high-temperature environment of 1000 ℃ or higher in the heating furnace, and is easily burnt through.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provides a method for processing a three-layer composite steel plate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a processing method of a three-layer composite steel plate comprises a substrate made of carbon steel and clad plates made of stainless steel and covering two sides of the substrate, and is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively carrying out surface treatment on a to-be-combined surface of a substrate and a to-be-combined surface of a covering plate, namely two surfaces of the substrate and one surface of the covering plate, and removing sand and oxide skin on the to-be-combined surface of the substrate and the to-be-combined surface of the covering plate;
s2, respectively and uniformly coating the to-be-bonded surfaces of the base plate and the cover plate processed in the step S1A layer of metal adhesive, wherein the dosage of the metal adhesive is 8 to 20g/m 2 Then, overlapping the substrate and the cover plate together, bonding the surface to be bonded of the substrate and the surface to be bonded of the cover plate, and standing for 6 to 10 hours at normal temperature to obtain a combined blank plate with the thickness of 300 to 500mm;
s3, machining grooves penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined blank plate at intervals along the periphery of the combined blank plate, wherein the angle of the grooves is 75-80 degrees;
s4, dividing the combined blank plate into a plurality of sections along the length direction of the combined blank plate, sequentially applying pressure to each section, and welding the grooves in each section to ensure that the combined blank plate does not have local bulge or tilting, thereby realizing primary welding; then, secondary welding is carried out, and the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together; then, a small hole with the diameter of 8-10mm is formed in the welding sealing position, the inner end of the small hole is communicated with a gap between the base plate and the cladding plate, and a high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 15-20mm and the wall thickness of 5-8mm is welded at the outer end of the small hole;
s5, connecting the high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with vacuum-pumping equipment, and carrying out primary vacuum-pumping treatment until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the cladding plate reaches 3 multiplied by 10 -3 ~4×10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa;
s6, conveying the combined blank subjected to the primary vacuumizing treatment in the step S5 into a heating furnace, starting the heating furnace, heating at 1300-1500 ℃ for 4-6 h, and performing secondary vacuumizing treatment during preheating of the heating furnace until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the cover plate reaches 1 × 10 -3 ~2×10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa at 1X 10 -3 ~2×10 -3 Forming firm metallurgical bonding between the base plate and the cover plate under the vacuum condition of Pa and the temperature condition of 1300-1500 ℃ to obtain a composite blank plate;
s7, feeding the composite blank plate into a hot rolling mill, and rolling for at least 5 times under the condition that the heating temperature is 1450-1600 ℃ to obtain a hot-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 4-6 mm;
s8, carrying out acid pickling treatment on the hot-rolled composite plate, then sending the hot-rolled composite plate into a cold rolling mill, and carrying out 5-10 passes of rolling under the condition that the heating temperature is 50-55 ℃ to obtain a cold-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 2-3 mm;
s9, carrying out acid washing and solid solution treatment on the cold-rolled composite plate in sequence, flattening, pulling and straightening, then carrying out edge cutting and rolling to obtain the composite sheet with the thickness of 1.95-2.95mm.
Further, in the step S1, the substrate is sent into a shot blasting machine, shot is thrown out at a high speed by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine, and the shot impacts two surfaces of the substrate respectively, and sand and oxide skin on the two surfaces are removed respectively until the surface is clean and free of rust spots; and (3) feeding the covering plate into a shot blasting machine, throwing out shot at a high speed by a shot blasting device of the shot blasting machine, impacting one surface of the covering plate, and removing bonded sand and oxide skin on the surface of the covering plate until the surface is clean and free of rust spots.
Further, in the step S2, after the surfaces to be bonded of the substrate and the cover plate are respectively and uniformly coated with a layer of metal adhesive, the substrate and the cover plate are placed on the movable platform within 20 minutes and stacked together, and the positions of the substrate and the cover plate are adjusted so that the periphery of the substrate is aligned with the periphery of the cover plate, and the surface to be bonded of the substrate and the surface to be bonded of the cover plate are bonded to obtain the combined blank.
Further, in the step S3, the inner diameter of the groove is 1 to 3mm, and the distance between adjacent grooves is 50 to 100mm within a length range of 1 m.
Further, in the step S4, the platform is moved to a working area of the press, the press outputs a pressure of 800 to 1000t, and sequentially applies a pressure to each section of the combined blank, and the groove in each section is welded, so that the combined blank does not have a local bulge or a tilt.
Further, in the step S4, after the preliminary welding is performed, the combined blank is lifted and transported to a submerged arc welding machine by a lifting appliance, so that the combined blank is kept in an upright state and fixed, and then the periphery of the joint of the substrate and the cladding plate is welded and sealed together by a submerged arc welding method.
Further, in step S7, the rolling conditions are: rolling speed: 8 to 11mm/min; the initial rolling temperature: 1250 to 1380 ℃; the finishing temperature is as follows: 920 to 1000 ℃.
Further, in step S8, the rolling conditions are: the reduction rate of each pass is 8-12%, the tension is 16-24T, and the rolling force is 320-450T; the rolling speed of the first pass is 30-40 m/min, and the rolling speed of the rest passes is controlled to be 80-120 m/min.
Furthermore, the base plate is a 201 stainless steel plate, and the clad plate is a stainless steel plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the mode that metal adhesives are respectively and uniformly coated on the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the cover plate is adopted, so that the base plate and the cover plate can be bonded, and the base plate and the cover plate can be preliminarily connected; and then, secondary welding is carried out, the periphery of the joint of the substrate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together, the substrate and the cover plate can be assembled and welded together at one time, rework is not needed, and waste products are prevented from being produced.
2. According to the invention, the small holes with the diameter of 8-10mm are formed in the welding sealing position, so that the sealing property of the sealing position is not influenced, and the vacuum-pumping treatment is facilitated; in addition, a high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 15-20mm and the wall thickness of 5-8mm is welded at the outer end of the small hole, so that the high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe can be conveniently connected with vacuum-pumping equipment, can adapt to a high-temperature environment of more than 1300 ℃ in a heating furnace, and cannot be burnt through.
3. The invention carries out primary vacuum-pumping treatment before the combined blank plate enters the heating furnace, so that the pressure in the gap between the base plate and the covering plate is 3 multiplied by 10 -3 ~4×10 -3 Pa, and during preheating of the assembled blank after the assembled blank enters the heating furnace, so that the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the cover plate is 1 × 10 -3 ~2×10 -3 The vacuum condition of Pa, namely, the adoption of two times of vacuum-pumping treatment modes can avoid the actual condition caused by the factors of incomplete sealing measures and the like because only one time of vacuum-pumping treatment is adopted outside the heating furnace on the premise of reaching the required vacuum conditionThe disadvantage that the vacuum condition can not reach the required vacuum condition can be avoided, the disadvantage that a large amount of time is consumed by adopting one-time vacuum pumping treatment in the heating furnace can be avoided, and the method is favorable for continuous production and waste heat utilization of the heating furnace.
4. The invention is heated at 1300-1500 ℃ for 4-6 h and 1 × 10 -3 ~2×10 -3 Under the vacuum condition of Pa, firm metallurgical bonding can be formed between the base plate and the clad plate, and the method is favorable for obtaining the carbon steel and stainless steel double-sided composite sheet through subsequent rolling and post-treatment.
5. The combined blank plate with the thickness of 300-500mm can be finally processed into a carbon steel and stainless steel double-sided composite sheet with the thickness of 1.95-2.95mm through the processing steps, so that the composite sheet has corrosion resistance, good mechanical strength and processing performance, can be widely applied to the industries such as bridges, water conservancy, navigation, ocean engineering, cookers, building curtain walls and the like, greatly reduces the construction cost, realizes the perfect combination of low cost and high performance, and has good social benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the inventive process.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, one substrate is made of a carbon steel plate, and two clad plates are made of stainless steel plates, and the specific processing steps are as follows:
s1, surface treatment: and respectively carrying out surface treatment on the surface to be combined of the substrate and the surface to be combined of the covering plate, namely, respectively carrying out surface treatment on two surfaces of the substrate and one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface to be combined of the substrate and the surface to be combined of the covering plate.
Specifically, the substrate is sent into a shot blasting machine, shot (steel balls) are thrown out at a high speed by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine, and the two sides of the substrate are respectively impacted, so that the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the two sides of the substrate are respectively removed until the surface is clean and free of rust spots; and (3) conveying the covering plate into a shot blasting machine, throwing out shot (steel balls) by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine at a high speed, impacting one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface until the surface is clean and free of rust spots.
S2, assembling: respectively and uniformly coating a layer of metal adhesive on the to-be-bonded surfaces of the base plate and the cover plate processed in the step S1, wherein the dosage of the metal adhesive is 10g/m 2 And then, overlapping the base plate and the cover plate together, bonding the surface to be bonded of the base plate with the surface to be bonded of the cover plate, and standing for 6 hours at normal temperature to obtain a combined blank plate with the thickness of 300 mm.
Specifically, after a layer of metal adhesive is uniformly coated on the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the cover plate, the base plate and the cover plate are placed on a movable platform within 20 minutes and are overlapped, the positions of the base plate and the cover plate are adjusted, the periphery of the base plate is aligned with the periphery of the cover plate, and the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the surfaces to be combined of the cover plate are adhered to obtain the combined blank plate.
S3, groove machining: grooves penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined blank plate are machined at intervals along the periphery of the combined blank plate, the angle of each groove is 75 degrees, the maximum inner diameter of each groove is 3mm, the minimum inner diameter of each groove is 1mm, and in the length range of 1m, the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 100mm.
S4, welding: dividing the combined blank plate into a plurality of sections along the length direction of the combined blank plate, sequentially applying pressure to each section, and welding aiming at the grooves in each section to ensure that the combined blank plate does not generate local bulge or tilting, thereby realizing primary welding; then, secondary welding is carried out, and the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together; then, a small hole with the diameter of 8mm is formed in the welding seal position, the inner end of the small hole is communicated with a gap between the base plate and the cover plate, and a high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 15mm and the wall thickness of 5mm is welded at the outer end of the small hole.
Specifically, the platform is moved to a working area of the press, the press outputs 800T of pressure, pressure is sequentially applied to each section of the combined blank plate, and the grooves in each section are welded, so that the combined blank plate is free from local bulging or tilting.
After the initial welding, the combined blank plate is hoisted to a submerged arc welding machine by adopting a hoisting tool to keep the combined blank plate in a vertical state and fixed, and then the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together by adopting a submerged arc welding method.
S5, primary vacuumizing: connecting the high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with a vacuum-pumping device, and carrying out primary vacuum-pumping treatment until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the shroud plate reaches 3 x 10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa.
S6, secondary vacuumizing and heating: sending the combined blank plate subjected to the primary vacuumizing treatment in the step S5 into a heating furnace, starting the heating furnace, heating at 1300 ℃ for 4 hours, and performing secondary vacuumizing treatment during the preheating period of the heating furnace until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the clad plate reaches 1 x 10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa at 1X 10 -3 And (3) under the vacuum condition of Pa and the temperature condition of 1300 ℃, the substrate and the clad plate form firm metallurgical bonding to obtain the composite blank plate.
S7, hot rolling: and (3) feeding the composite blank plate into a hot rolling mill, and rolling for 5 times at the heating temperature of 1450 ℃ to obtain the hot-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 4 mm.
Specifically, the rolling conditions are as follows: rolling speed: 11mm/min; the initial rolling temperature: 1250 ℃; the finishing temperature is as follows: 920 ℃.
S8, cold rolling: and (3) carrying out acid pickling treatment on the hot-rolled composite plate, then sending the hot-rolled composite plate into a cold rolling mill, and carrying out 5-pass rolling at the heating temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the cold-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 2 mm.
Specifically, the rolling conditions are as follows: the reduction rate of each pass is 8%, the tension is 16T, and the rolling force is 320T; the rolling speed of the first pass is 40m/min, and the rolling speeds of the other passes are controlled to be 120m/min.
S9, post-processing: and (3) carrying out acid pickling and solution treatment on the cold-rolled composite plate in sequence, flattening, pulling and straightening, thinning the thickness of the cold-rolled composite plate by about 0.05mm, and then carrying out trimming and rolling to obtain the composite sheet with the thickness of 1.95 mm.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, one substrate is made of a carbon steel plate, and two clad plates are made of stainless steel plates, and the specific processing steps are as follows:
s1, surface treatment: and respectively carrying out surface treatment on the surface to be combined of the substrate and the surface to be combined of the covering plate, namely, respectively carrying out surface treatment on two surfaces of the substrate and one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface to be combined of the substrate and the surface to be combined of the covering plate.
Specifically, the substrate is sent into a shot blasting machine, shot (steel balls) are thrown out at a high speed by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine, and the two sides of the substrate are respectively impacted, so that the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the two sides of the substrate are respectively removed until the surface is clean and free of rust spots; and (3) conveying the covering plate into a shot blasting machine, throwing out shot (steel balls) by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine at a high speed, impacting one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface until the surface is clean and free of rust spots.
S2, assembling: respectively and uniformly coating a layer of metal adhesive on the to-be-bonded surfaces of the base plate and the cover plate processed in the step S1, wherein the dosage of the metal adhesive is 18g/m 2 And then, overlapping the base plate and the cover plate together, bonding the surface to be bonded of the base plate with the surface to be bonded of the cover plate, and standing for 8 hours at normal temperature to obtain a combined blank plate with the thickness of 400 mm.
Specifically, after a layer of metal adhesive is uniformly coated on the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the cover plate, the base plate and the cover plate are placed on a movable platform within 20 minutes and are overlapped, the positions of the base plate and the cover plate are adjusted, the periphery of the base plate is aligned with the periphery of the cover plate, and the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the surfaces to be combined of the cover plate are adhered to obtain the combined blank plate.
S3, processing a groove: grooves penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined blank plate are machined at intervals along the periphery of the combined blank plate, the angle of each groove is 75 degrees, the maximum inner diameter of each groove is 3mm, the minimum inner diameter of each groove is 1mm, and in the length range of 1m, the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 60mm.
S4, welding: dividing the combined blank plate into a plurality of sections along the length direction of the combined blank plate, sequentially applying pressure to each section, and welding aiming at the grooves in each section to ensure that the combined blank plate does not generate local bulge or upwarp and realize primary welding; then, secondary welding is carried out, and the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together; then, a small hole with the diameter of 8mm is formed in the welding seal position, the inner end of the small hole is communicated with a gap between the base plate and the cover plate, and a high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 18mm and the wall thickness of 7mm is welded at the outer end of the small hole.
Specifically, the platform is moved to a working area of the press, the press outputs 1000T of pressure, the pressure is sequentially applied to each section of the combined blank plate, and the grooves in each section are welded, so that the combined blank plate is not locally bulged or tilted.
After the initial welding, the combined blank plate is hoisted to a submerged arc welding machine by adopting a hoisting tool to keep the combined blank plate in a vertical state and fixed, and then the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together by adopting a submerged arc welding method.
S5, primary vacuumizing: connecting the high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with a vacuum-pumping device, and carrying out primary vacuum-pumping treatment until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the shroud plate reaches 3 x 10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa.
S6, secondary vacuumizing and heating: sending the combined blank plate subjected to the primary vacuumizing treatment in the step S5 into a heating furnace, starting the heating furnace, heating at 1400 ℃ for 5 hours, and performing secondary vacuumizing treatment during the preheating period of the heating furnace until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the clad plate reaches 1 x 10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa at 1X 10 -3 And under the vacuum condition of Pa and the temperature condition of 1400 ℃, the base plate and the cover plate form firm metallurgical bonding to obtain the composite blank plate.
S7, hot rolling: and (3) feeding the composite blank plate into a hot rolling mill, and rolling for 5 times at the heating temperature of 1550 ℃ to obtain the hot-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 5 mm.
Specifically, the rolling conditions are as follows: rolling speed: 10mm/min; the initial rolling temperature: 1300 ℃; the finishing temperature is as follows: 980 ℃.
S8, cold rolling: and (3) carrying out acid pickling treatment on the hot-rolled composite plate, then sending the hot-rolled composite plate into a cold rolling mill, and carrying out 6-pass rolling at the heating temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the cold-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 2 mm.
Specifically, the rolling conditions are as follows: the reduction rate of each pass is 10%, the tension is 20T, and the rolling force is 400T; the rolling speed of the first pass is 40m/min, and the rolling speeds of the other passes are controlled at 100m/min.
S9, post-processing: and (3) carrying out acid pickling and solution treatment on the cold-rolled composite plate in sequence, flattening, pulling and straightening, thinning the thickness of the cold-rolled composite plate by about 0.05mm, and then carrying out trimming and rolling to obtain the composite sheet with the thickness of 1.95 mm.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1, one substrate is made of a carbon steel plate, and two clad plates are made of stainless steel plates, and the specific processing steps are as follows:
s1, surface treatment: and respectively carrying out surface treatment on the surface to be combined of the substrate and the surface to be combined of the covering plate, namely, respectively carrying out surface treatment on two surfaces of the substrate and one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface to be combined of the substrate and the surface to be combined of the covering plate.
Specifically, the substrate is sent into a shot blasting machine, shot (steel balls) are thrown out by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine at a high speed, the two surfaces of the substrate are impacted respectively, and the sand and the oxide skin on the two surfaces of the substrate are removed respectively until the surface is clean and free of rust spots; and (3) conveying the covering plate into a shot blasting machine, throwing out shot (steel balls) by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine at a high speed, impacting one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface until the surface is clean and free of rust spots.
S2, assembling: respectively and uniformly coating a layer of metal adhesive on the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the cover plate which are processed in the step S1, wherein the dosage of the metal adhesive is 20g/m 2 And then, overlapping the base plate and the cover plate together, bonding the surface to be bonded of the base plate with the surface to be bonded of the cover plate, and standing for 10 hours at normal temperature to obtain a combined blank plate with the thickness of 500 mm.
Specifically, after a layer of metal adhesive is uniformly coated on the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the cover plate, the base plate and the cover plate are placed on a movable platform within 20 minutes and are overlapped, the positions of the base plate and the cover plate are adjusted, the periphery of the base plate is aligned with the periphery of the cover plate, and the surfaces to be combined of the base plate and the surfaces to be combined of the cover plate are adhered to obtain the combined blank plate.
S3, groove machining: grooves penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined blank plate are machined at intervals along the periphery of the combined blank plate, the angle of each groove is 80 degrees, the maximum inner diameter of each groove is 3mm, the minimum inner diameter of each groove is 1mm, and in the length range of 1m, the distance between every two adjacent grooves is 50mm.
S4, welding: dividing the combined blank plate into a plurality of sections along the length direction of the combined blank plate, sequentially applying pressure to each section, and welding aiming at the grooves in each section to ensure that the combined blank plate does not generate local bulge or upwarp and realize primary welding; then, secondary welding is carried out, and the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together; then, a small hole with the diameter of 10mm is arranged at the welding seal position, the inner end of the small hole is communicated with a gap between the base plate and the cover plate, and a high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 20mm and the wall thickness of 8mm is welded at the outer end of the small hole.
Specifically, the platform is moved to a working area of the press, the press outputs 1000T of pressure, the pressure is sequentially applied to each section of the combined blank plate, and the grooves in each section are welded, so that the combined blank plate is not locally bulged or tilted.
After the initial welding, the combined blank plate is hoisted to a submerged arc welding machine by adopting a hoisting tool to keep the combined blank plate in a vertical state and fixed, and then the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together by adopting a submerged arc welding method.
S5, primary vacuumizing: connecting the high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with a vacuumizing device, and carrying out primary vacuumizing treatment until the pressure in a gap between the substrate and the covering plate reaches 3 multiplied by 10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa.
S6, secondary vacuumizing and heating: sending the combined blank plate subjected to the primary vacuumizing treatment in the step S5 into a heating furnace, starting the heating furnace, heating at 1500 ℃ for 6 hours, and performing secondary vacuumizing treatment during the preheating period of the heating furnace until the seam between the substrate and the clad plate is formedThe pressure in the gap is 1 x 10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa at 1X 10 -3 And under the vacuum condition of Pa and the temperature condition of 1500 ℃, the base plate and the covering plate form firm metallurgical bonding to obtain the composite blank plate.
S7, hot rolling: and (3) feeding the composite blank plate into a hot rolling mill, and rolling for 5 times under the condition that the heating temperature is 1600 ℃ to obtain the hot-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 6 mm.
Specifically, the rolling conditions are as follows: rolling speed: 8mm/min; the initial rolling temperature: 1380 ℃; the finishing temperature is as follows: 1000 ℃.
S8, cold rolling: and (3) carrying out acid pickling treatment on the hot-rolled composite plate, then sending the hot-rolled composite plate into a cold rolling mill, and carrying out 10-pass rolling at the heating temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the cold-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 3 mm.
Specifically, the rolling conditions are as follows: the reduction rate of each pass is 12%, the tension is 24T, and the rolling force is 450T; the rolling speed of the first pass is 30m/min, and the rolling speeds of the other passes are controlled at 80m/min.
S9, post-processing: and (3) carrying out acid pickling and solution treatment on the cold-rolled composite plate in sequence, flattening, pulling and straightening, thinning the thickness of the cold-rolled composite plate by about 0.05mm, and then carrying out trimming and rolling to obtain a composite sheet with the thickness of 2.95 mm.
Although the present description is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should be able to integrate the description as a whole, and the embodiments can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
Therefore, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application; all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (8)
1. A processing method of a three-layer composite steel plate comprises a substrate made of carbon steel and clad plates made of stainless steel and covering two sides of the substrate, and is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively carrying out surface treatment on a to-be-combined surface of a substrate and a to-be-combined surface of a covering plate, namely two surfaces of the substrate and one surface of the covering plate, and removing sand and oxide skin on the to-be-combined surface of the substrate and the to-be-combined surface of the covering plate;
s2, respectively and uniformly coating a layer of metal adhesive on the to-be-bonded surfaces of the base plate and the clad plate processed in the step S1, wherein the dosage of the metal adhesive is 8-20g/m 2 Then, overlapping the substrate and the cover plate together, bonding the surface to be bonded of the substrate and the surface to be bonded of the cover plate, and standing for 6 to 10 hours at normal temperature to obtain a combined blank plate with the thickness of 300 to 500mm;
s3, machining grooves penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined blank plate at intervals along the periphery of the combined blank plate, wherein the angle of the grooves is 75-80 degrees;
s4, dividing the combined blank plate into a plurality of sections along the length direction of the combined blank plate, sequentially applying pressure to each section, and welding the grooves in each section to ensure that the combined blank plate does not have local bulge or upwarp and realize primary welding; then, secondary welding is carried out, and the periphery of the joint of the base plate and the cover plate is welded and sealed together; then, a small hole with the diameter of 8-10mm is formed in the welding sealing position, the inner end of the small hole is communicated with a gap between the base plate and the cladding plate, and a high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter of 15-20mm and the wall thickness of 5-8mm is welded at the outer end of the small hole;
s5, connecting the high-temperature-resistant seamless steel pipe with vacuum-pumping equipment, and carrying out primary vacuum-pumping treatment until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the cladding plate reaches 3 multiplied by 10 -3 ~4×10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa;
s6, conveying the combined blank subjected to the primary vacuumizing treatment in the step S5 into a heating furnace, starting the heating furnace, heating at 1300-1500 ℃ for 4-6 h, and performing secondary vacuumizing treatment during preheating of the heating furnace until the pressure in the gap between the substrate and the cover plate reaches 1 × 10 -3 ~2×10 -3 Vacuum condition of Pa at 1X 10 -3 ~2×10 -3 A substrate and a cover plate under the vacuum condition of Pa and the temperature condition of 1300 to 1500 DEG CForming firm metallurgical bonding to obtain a composite blank plate;
s7, feeding the composite blank plate into a hot rolling mill, and rolling for at least 5 times under the condition that the heating temperature is 1450-1600 ℃ to obtain a hot-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 4-6 mm;
s8, carrying out acid pickling treatment on the hot-rolled composite plate, then sending the hot-rolled composite plate into a cold rolling mill, and carrying out rolling for 5 to 10 passes under the condition that the heating temperature is 50 to 55 ℃ to obtain a cold-rolled composite plate with the thickness of 2 to 3 mm;
s9, carrying out acid washing and solid solution treatment on the cold-rolled composite plate in sequence, flattening, pulling and straightening, then carrying out edge cutting and rolling to obtain the composite sheet with the thickness of 1.95-2.95mm.
2. The method for processing a three-layer clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, the substrate is sent into a shot blasting machine, shot is thrown out by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine at a high speed, two surfaces of the substrate are impacted respectively, and bonded sand and oxide skin on the two surfaces of the substrate are removed respectively until the surface is clean and free of rust spots; and (3) conveying the covering plate into a shot blasting machine, throwing a shot by a shot blasting machine of the shot blasting machine at a high speed, impacting one surface of the covering plate, and removing the bonded sand and the oxide skin on the surface until the surface is clean and free of rust spots.
3. The method for processing a three-layer clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, after the surfaces to be bonded of the substrate and the cover plate are respectively and uniformly coated with a layer of metal adhesive, the substrate and the cover plate are placed on a movable platform within 20 minutes and are stacked together, and the positions of the substrate and the cover plate are adjusted so that the periphery of the substrate is aligned with the periphery of the cover plate, and the surfaces to be bonded of the substrate and the surfaces to be bonded of the cover plate are bonded to obtain the combined blank plate.
4. The method for processing a three-layer clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the inner diameter of the groove is 1 to 3mm, and the distance between adjacent grooves is 50 to 100mm within the length range of 1 m.
5. The method for processing the three-layer composite steel plate according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S4, the platform is moved to a working area of the press, the press outputs a pressure of 800 to 1000t, and sequentially applies a pressure to each section of the combined blank plate, and the groove in each section is welded, so that the combined blank plate does not have a local bulge or tilt.
6. The method for processing the three-layer composite steel plate according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S4, after the preliminary welding is realized, the combined blank plate is hoisted to a submerged arc welding machine by a hoisting tool, so that the combined blank plate is kept in an upright state and fixed, and then the periphery of the joint of the substrate and the shroud plate is welded and sealed together by a submerged arc welding method.
7. The method for processing a three-layer clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S7, the rolling conditions are: rolling speed: 8 to 111mm/min; the initial rolling temperature: 1250 to 1380 ℃; the finishing temperature is as follows: 920 to 1000 ℃.
8. The method for processing a three-layer clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S8, the rolling conditions are as follows: the reduction rate of each pass is 8-12%, the tension is 16-24T, and the rolling force is 320-450T; the rolling speed of the first pass is 30-40 m/min, and the rolling speed of the rest passes is controlled to be 80-120 m/min.
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| CN114833534A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-02 | 安徽宝恒新材料科技有限公司 | Processing method of three-layer stainless steel metallurgical bonding composite board |
| CN115625534B (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏金三力机械制造有限公司 | Automatic production line and production process of steel arch for railway tunnel support |
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