CN112548271B - Automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder - Google Patents

Automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112548271B
CN112548271B CN202011466739.3A CN202011466739A CN112548271B CN 112548271 B CN112548271 B CN 112548271B CN 202011466739 A CN202011466739 A CN 202011466739A CN 112548271 B CN112548271 B CN 112548271B
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
direct current
voltage
alternating current
circuit
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CN202011466739.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112548271A (en
Inventor
尤志春
孙慧博
王成
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SHANGHAI WTL WELDING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI WTL WELDING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURE CO Ltd
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Priority to CN202011466739.3A priority Critical patent/CN112548271B/en
Publication of CN112548271A publication Critical patent/CN112548271A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/110758 priority patent/WO2022127139A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/10Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/10Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
    • B23K9/1006Power supply
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/10Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
    • B23K9/1006Power supply
    • B23K9/1043Power supply characterised by the electric circuit
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423Input/output
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder, which comprises a shell; the shell is provided with a control panel, a plurality of power output interfaces and an input voltage interface at the outer part, and a plurality of power selection keys for selecting various welding modes are arranged on the control panel; the power circuit is arranged in the shell and used for providing power for different welding modes, and comprises a primary rectifying unit, a power factor correction unit, a primary inversion unit, a transformer and a switching circuit unit; the switching circuit unit has the functions of alternating current-direct current switching, welding and cutting state switching, integrates direct current manual welding, direct current argon arc welding, direct current gas shield welding and alternating current argon arc welding with a cutting machine, can realize the simultaneous connection of three guns of a gas shield welding gun and an argon arc welding gun and the cutting machine in the use process of the welding machine, and automatically realizes the multifunctional switching through a power supply selection key. The primary side of the transformer shares one set of loop, so that the cost can be saved, and the structure is compact.

Description

Automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding machines, and particularly relates to an automatic polarity-changing multifunctional alternating current-direct current welding machine.
Background
As an indispensable tool in industrial manufacturing, the welding machines and cutting machines are mainly the following types of welding machines currently in common use on the market: (1) classifying from the output types: the welding machine can be divided into a direct current welding machine and an alternating current welding machine; (2) categorize from the use of the welder: the method can be divided into manual welding, argon arc welding and gas shielded welding. Most of the current welding machines are direct current welding machines (a welding mode is adopted in most of the current welding machines, and a combination of two or three types is adopted in the minority of the current welding machines) or alternating current argon arc welding machines. With the development of industry, the traditional welding machine cannot meet the market demand, and more demands of users are that one machine can realize multiple welding functions and simultaneously has a cutting function, so that different demands can be met by switching functions in different occasions instead of replacing different welding machine types.
Currently, most multifunctional welding machines on the market cannot realize simultaneous connection of a plurality of welding guns; even if a part of multifunctional welding guns can realize the connection of a plurality of welding guns, the function of intelligently switching a plurality of welding modes and the protection function of a gun switch are lacked, if the protection function is not added, in the actual use process, if a welding tongs or an argon arc welding gun touches a nozzle of a cutting gun, the frying machine can be caused. For example, the application number is 201920002414.6, the patent name is a patent of an inverter multifunctional welding machine output circuit, through switching and combining two welding and cutting functional units, AC/DC TIG AC/DC argon arc welding, MMA electric welding and CUT plasma cutting can be respectively carried out, and MIG welding and output of a variable polarity function can also be realized, but the multifunctional welding machine output circuit lacks the function of intelligently switching a plurality of welding modes and the protection function, and in use, the risk of frying machines is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic polarity-changing multifunctional alternating current-direct current welding machine so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides a multifunctional alternating current-direct current welder with automatic polarity changing function, which comprises a shell; the external part of the shell is provided with a control panel, a plurality of power output interfaces and an input voltage interface, and the control panel is provided with a plurality of power selection keys for selecting various welding modes; the power supply circuit for providing power for different welding modes is arranged in the shell and comprises a primary rectifying unit, a power factor correcting unit, a primary inversion unit, a transformer and a switching circuit unit.
The primary rectifying unit is used for rectifying the input voltage of the input voltage interface to output a pulsating direct current.
The power factor correction unit is used for realizing power factor correction.
The primary inversion unit is a full-bridge inversion unit, and the full-bridge inversion unit is used for inverting the voltage corrected by the power factor correction unit into square wave alternating current.
The transformer is used for boosting and stepping down the inverted square wave alternating current voltage and outputting the square wave alternating current voltage to the secondary side of the transformer; the secondary side of the transformer is provided with a secondary coil of the cutting machine and a secondary coil of the welding machine.
The switching circuit unit comprises a cutting machine rectifying circuit for the cutting machine, a welding machine rectifying circuit for the welding machine and an alternating current/direct current selection secondary inverter circuit; the cutting machine rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating voltage output by a secondary coil of the cutting machine on the secondary side of the transformer into direct current in a full-wave mode; the welding machine rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating voltage output by a secondary coil of the welding machine at the secondary side of the transformer into direct current in a full-wave mode; the alternating current-direct current selection secondary inverter circuit is used for realizing AC/DC switching of the voltage output by the welding machine rectifying circuit and outputting the argon arc welding voltage and the gas shield welding voltage applicable to the welding machine.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of power selection buttons are connected to different input ends of the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer outputs a control signal after receiving the input selection signal, where the control signal includes an AC/DC selection signal and a rectification loop selection signal.
Preferably, the AC/DC selection signal controls the relay to act through a triode in the AC/DC selection secondary inverter circuit, thereby controlling the on state of the DC bus and realizing AC/DC switching.
Preferably, the rectification loop selection signal is used for selecting a rectification circuit of the cutting machine or a rectification circuit of the welding machine to switch the welding machine and the cutting machine.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the power output interface includes a MIG gas shield welding gun interface, a TIG argon arc welding gun interface, a CUT cutting gun interface, and a common port interface, and the plurality of power selection keys includes an AC/DC selection key, an argon arc welding key, a gas shield welding key, and a cutter key.
In further embodiments of the present invention, the input voltage interface may be connected to 1-110V or 1-220V AC.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the relay J1A for ac-dc conversion in the ac-dc selective secondary inverter circuit.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention adopts an advanced welding power supply circuit, which comprises a primary rectifying unit, a power factor correcting unit, a primary inversion circuit, a transformer and a switching circuit unit; the switching circuit unit has the functions of alternating current-direct current switching and switching between the welding gun and the cutting state, integrates direct current manual welding, direct current argon arc welding, direct current gas shield welding, alternating current argon arc welding and cutting machine, can realize the simultaneous connection of three guns of the gas shield welding gun and the argon arc welding gun and the cutting machine in the use process of the welding machine, and automatically realizes the multifunctional switching through the power supply selection key. The power supply selection key of the corresponding gun is pressed, so that the corresponding welding or cutting mode can be switched, the welding machine is not required to operate, the working efficiency of a welder can be greatly improved, and the intelligent rapid switching is truly realized.
(2) The invention adopts the relay A2A to realize the purpose of avoiding simultaneous connection of a plurality of guns, various misoperation is likely to occur, and the welding machine is not damaged when various circuits between the welding gun and a workpiece or between the welding gun and the welding gun are connected or short-circuited by adopting various automatic protections.
(3) The primary side of the voltage device shares one set of loop, thereby saving cost and having compact structure.
Description of the drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of a multifunctional AC/DC welder in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of a power supply circuit in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a primary rectifying unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a PFC unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a primary inverter circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit of a cutting machine or welder in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a secondary side of a transformer in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
An automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder, as shown in figure 1, comprises a shell; the external part of the shell is provided with a control panel, a plurality of power output interfaces and an input voltage interface, and the control panel is provided with a plurality of power selection keys for selecting various welding modes; the power supply selection keys comprise an AC/DC selection key, an argon arc welding key, an air shield welding key and a cutter key. The multiple power supply selection keys are matched to realize the selection of the working modes of direct current manual welding (DC-MMA), direct current argon arc welding (DC-TIG), direct current gas shield welding (MIG), alternating current manual welding (AC-MMA), alternating current argon arc welding (AC-TIG) and cutting machine (CUT).
The power supply circuit for providing power for different welding modes is arranged in the shell, and as shown in fig. 2, the power supply circuit comprises a primary rectifying unit, a power factor correcting unit, a primary inverting unit, a transformer and a switching circuit unit. The output ends of the switching circuit units are respectively connected with the power output interfaces at the outer side of the shell, so that the selection of different guns (gas shielded welding gun, argon arc welding gun or cutting gun) is realized.
The primary rectifying unit is used for rectifying the input voltage of the input voltage interface to output a pulsating direct current. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the primary rectifying unit circuit mainly has the function of rectifying 1-110V/220V input to output a pulsating direct current, and conducting D1 and D4 in a positive half cycle and conducting D2 and D3 in a negative half cycle of the alternating current, thereby realizing the rectifying function.
The power factor correction unit is used for realizing power factor correction. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the main function of the power factor correction unit is to implement power factor correction, and the rectified voltage, the voltage across the capacitor C5 and the current flowing through the loop are sampled, and PWM modulation is implemented through the PFC control circuit, so as to drive the IGBTs (V8, V8-1) to implement power factor correction. When the IGBT is turned on, the rectified voltage is stored through the energy storage inductor LT, and when the IGBT is turned off, the rectified voltage and the energy storage inductor LT discharge to charge the main capacitor C5 through the diode D5 (anti-reverse diode), so that the output voltage DC1 is higher than DC, and the boosting effect is realized. In fig. 3, C1, D6, and R5 are IGBT absorption circuits, R1 and R3 are driving resistors, and R6 and C2 are diode D5 absorption circuits.
The primary inversion unit is a full-bridge inversion unit, and the full-bridge inversion unit is used for inverting the voltage corrected by the power factor correction unit into square wave alternating current. In this embodiment, the full-bridge inverter unit inverts the PFC power factor corrected voltage into square wave ac through a full bridge. The specific circuit is shown in fig. 5, when the inversion driving in the control loop is conducted to the Q1 and Q4 signals, the positive square wave is output, when the inversion driving in the control loop is conducted to the Q2 and Q3 signals, the negative square wave is output, and then the square wave voltage is reduced by the transformer and then is output to the secondary side.
The transformer is used for boosting and stepping down the inverted square wave alternating current voltage and outputting the square wave alternating current voltage to the secondary side of the transformer; the secondary side of the transformer is provided with a secondary coil of the cutting machine and a secondary coil of the welding machine. Because the no-load voltages of the cutter and the welder are different, the secondary side of the transformer adopts two groups of coils, one group is the secondary coil of the cutter and the other group is the secondary coil of the welder.
The switching circuit unit comprises a cutting machine rectifying circuit for the cutting machine, a welding machine rectifying circuit for the welding machine and an alternating current/direct current selection secondary inverter circuit; the cutting machine rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating voltage output by a secondary coil of the cutting machine on the secondary side of the transformer into direct current in a full-wave mode; the welding machine rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating voltage output by a secondary coil of the welding machine at the secondary side of the transformer into direct current in a full-wave mode; specifically, the rectifier circuit of the cutting machine is a rectifier part of the cutting machine, the rectifier circuit of the cutting machine converts full-wave alternating current boosted by the transformer into direct current, when positive square waves are generated, D7 and D10 are conducted, when negative square waves are generated, D8 and D9 are conducted, the rectifier circuit of the welding machine is a rectifier part of the welding machine, and the rectifier circuit of the welding machine reduces the transformer, so that the alternating current is converted into full-wave direct current. The circuit of the rectification circuit of the cutting machine is the same as that of the rectification circuit of the welding machine, and the specific circuit is shown in figure 6.
The alternating current-direct current selection secondary inverter circuit is used for realizing AC/DC switching of the voltage output by the welding machine rectifying circuit and outputting the argon arc welding voltage and the gas shield welding voltage applicable to the welding machine. As shown in fig. 7, when the control panel performs AC/DC selection determination, the signal is processed by the control board in the housing, and then an AC/DC control signal is output, and when the signal is selected as DC, the relay J1A is engaged, so that the output is DC. When the relay J1A is selected to be in alternating current, the relay J1A does not act, at the moment, the alternating current driving of the control loop outputs control pulses, T1 and T2 in the diagram are driven through the driving resistor, when the T1 is conducted, the output is positive, and when the T2 is conducted, the output is negative, and therefore the output is in alternating current. In the figure, C1 and R1 are absorption circuits of T1, and C2 and R3 are absorption circuits of T2. As shown in fig. 7, a relay A1A is used to select whether to be a cutter mode (CUT) or a welder mode (MMA manual welding/TIG argon arc welding/MIG gas shielded welding); the relay J1A is used for selecting whether to be in a Direct Current (DC) working mode or an Alternating Current (AC) working mode; the relay A2A is used for protecting the gas shielded welding gun or the argon arc welding gun from being in contact with the nozzle of the cutting gun in the actual use process, so that the frying machine is prevented. When the relay A1A is attracted, the rectifying circuit of the cutting machine rectifies and outputs, and when the relay A2A is attracted, the common end and the voltage end of the cutting machine output the voltage for the cutting machine; when the relay A1A is disconnected, the welding machine rectifying circuit rectifies and the AC/DC selecting secondary inverter circuit selects AC/DC, so as to output the voltage required by the gas protection welding gun or the argon arc welding gun; when the relay A2A is disconnected, explosion caused by that the gas shielded welding gun or the argon arc welding gun touches the nozzle of the cutting gun can be prevented.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder is characterized by comprising a shell; the external part of the shell is provided with a control panel, a plurality of power output interfaces and an input voltage interface, and the control panel is provided with a plurality of power selection keys for selecting various welding modes; the power supply circuit for providing power for different welding modes is arranged in the shell and comprises a primary rectifying unit, a power factor correcting unit, a primary inversion unit, a transformer and a switching circuit unit;
the primary rectifying unit is used for rectifying the input voltage of the input voltage interface to output a pulsating direct current;
the power factor correction unit is used for realizing power factor correction;
The primary inversion unit is a full-bridge inversion unit and is used for inverting the voltage corrected by the power factor correction unit into square wave alternating current;
the transformer is used for boosting and stepping down the inverted square wave alternating current voltage and outputting the square wave alternating current voltage to the secondary side of the transformer; the secondary side of the transformer is provided with a secondary coil of the cutting machine and a secondary coil of the welding machine;
The switching circuit unit comprises a cutting machine rectifying circuit for the cutting machine, a welding machine rectifying circuit for the welding machine and an alternating current/direct current selection secondary inverter circuit; the cutting machine rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating voltage output by a secondary coil of the cutting machine on the secondary side of the transformer into direct current in a full-wave mode; the welding machine rectifying circuit is used for rectifying alternating voltage output by a secondary coil of the welding machine at the secondary side of the transformer into direct current in a full-wave mode; the alternating current-direct current selection secondary inverter circuit is used for realizing AC/DC switching of the voltage output by the welding machine rectifying circuit and outputting the argon arc welding voltage and the gas shield welding voltage applicable to the welding machine;
The relay A1A is used for selecting whether a cutter mode or a welding machine mode; the relay J1A is used for selecting whether to be in a Direct Current (DC) working mode or an Alternating Current (AC) working mode; the relay A2A is used for protecting the gas shielded welding gun or the argon arc welding gun from being in contact with the nozzle of the cutting gun in the actual use process, so that the frying machine is prevented; when the relay A1A is attracted, the rectifying circuit of the cutting machine rectifies and outputs, and when the relay A2A is attracted, the common end and the voltage end of the cutting machine output the voltage for the cutting machine; when the relay A1A is disconnected, the welding machine rectifying circuit rectifies and the AC/DC selecting secondary inverter circuit selects AC/DC, so as to output the voltage required by the gas protection welding gun or the argon arc welding gun; when the relay A2A is disconnected, explosion caused by that the gas shielded welding gun or the argon arc welding gun touches the nozzle of the cutting gun can be prevented.
2. The automatic polarity-changing multifunctional alternating current-direct current welding machine according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of power supply selection keys are connected with different input ends of a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer outputs control signals after receiving input selection signals, and the control signals comprise AC/DC selection signals and rectification loop selection signals.
3. The automatic polarity-changing multifunctional alternating current-direct current welding machine according to claim 2, wherein the alternating current/direct current selection signal controls the relay to act through a triode in the alternating current-direct current selection secondary inverter circuit, so that the on state of a direct current bus is controlled, and alternating current-direct current switching is realized.
4. The automatic polarity-changing multifunctional ac/dc welder of claim 2, wherein the rectifier circuit selection signal is used to select a welder rectifier circuit or a welder rectifier circuit to switch between a welder and a welder.
5. The automatic polarity-changing multifunctional alternating current-direct current welding machine according to claim 1, wherein the power output interface comprises an MIG gas shield welding gun interface, a TIG argon arc welding gun interface, a CUT cutting gun interface and a common terminal interface, and the plurality of power selection keys comprise an AC/DC selection key, an argon arc welding key, a gas shield welding key and a cutter key.
6. The automatic polarity-changing multifunctional ac/dc welder of claim 1, wherein the input voltage interface is connectable to 1-110V or 1-220V ac.
CN202011466739.3A 2020-12-14 2020-12-14 Automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder Active CN112548271B (en)

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CN202011466739.3A CN112548271B (en) 2020-12-14 2020-12-14 Automatic polarity-changing multifunctional AC/DC welder
PCT/CN2021/110758 WO2022127139A1 (en) 2020-12-14 2021-08-05 Multifunctional ac/dc welding machine capable of automatically changing polarity

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WO2022127139A1 (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-06-23 上海威特力焊接设备制造股份有限公司 Multifunctional ac/dc welding machine capable of automatically changing polarity

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