CN112546982A - Device and method for dynamically evaluating influence of additive on hydrate for long time - Google Patents
Device and method for dynamically evaluating influence of additive on hydrate for long time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time, which comprises a temperature control system consisting of a low-temperature circulating bath and a temperature sensor, a gas circulation system consisting of a gas source, a return storage tank, a servo booster pump, a first buffer tank, a second buffer tank, a precision flowmeter, a pressure regulating valve and a flushing tank drying pipe, a hydrate generation system consisting of a reaction kettle, an upper end cover, a lower end cover and a stirring rotor, and a data recording and monitoring system consisting of a camera, a computer, the temperature sensor and a pressure sensor. By observing the formation and decomposition and aggregation conditions of the hydrate, the influence of various drilling fluid additives on the formation of the hydrate is evaluated, and a reference is provided for preventing and solving the problem of hydrate blockage in a shaft and a pipeline in hydrate exploration and development and flow guarantee. The invention has the following effects: the method has the advantages of monitoring the formation of the hydrate in a longer time span, realizing the real-time monitoring of the formation rate of the hydrate, reducing the discharge of experimental gas, along with high efficiency, energy conservation, high measurement precision and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural gas hydrate exploration and development and oil gas flow guarantee, in particular to a device and a method for dynamically evaluating influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time.
Background
The natural gas hydrate reserves are huge, which is equivalent to twice of the total carbon content of fossil fuels which are proved at present, and the natural gas hydrate reserves are important potential energy sources, and hydrate pilot production tests are carried out in a plurality of countries in the world. In the process of hydrate exploration and development, the performance of the drilling fluid directly influences the smooth progress of hydrate exploration and development, and the reasonable use of the additive has important significance on the performance of the drilling fluid; in addition, in the process of long-distance transportation of natural gas, the natural gas and the gaseous or liquid water are often partially contained in the pipeline, and under a certain temperature and pressure condition, the natural gas and the water are combined to generate natural gas hydrate, so that the pipeline is blocked, and most of the problems in the prior art are to add hydrate inhibitors or prevent aggregation. Therefore, the reasonable evaluation of the influence of the hydrate additive on the formation and aggregation of the hydrate is of great significance.
At present, hydrate inhibitor evaluation methods are various in means, but under the condition of dynamic gas flow, experimental equipment and methods for evaluating hydrate inhibitors over a long time span are still few, particularly, experimental evaluation means taking months as a unit are still absent, dynamic gas flow and remote gas transmission of a hydrate shaft are difficult to simulate for a long time, in actual working conditions, hydrate generation and aggregation often span long time, gas is in a flowing state, whether hydrate is formed or not is judged by mostly utilizing a temperature and pressure curve of a reaction kettle, namely, hydrate is formed when the temperature rises and the pressure drops, but in actual gas flow working conditions, the pressure is not easy to observe, the hydrate formation rate is small, the temperature and pressure change is small, the actual simulated hydrate formation effect is unsatisfactory, and the evaluation difference of hydrate additives is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problems that the performance evaluation time span of the hydrate inhibitor is small at the present stage, gas is discontinuously and dynamically injected, and the performance evaluation result difference of the hydrate additive is large due to small temperature and pressure change caused by small hydrate formation rate. The invention provides a device and a method for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time, which have high test precision, energy conservation, environmental protection and convenient operation, can better simulate the hydrate formation in a well barrel and the hydrate formation in a pipeline in the long-distance natural gas transportation in the hydrate exploration and development process, and are mainly characterized in that a servo booster pump drives gas to circularly flow in the whole system, precise flow meters are respectively arranged at the front and the rear of a reaction kettle to record the gas inflow and outflow, and equipment including a temperature pressure sensor and a camera records data to monitor the hydrate formation.
A device for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time is characterized in that: the device includes: temperature control system, gas circulation system, hydrate formation system, data record and monitoring system, temperature control system includes: the gas circulation system comprises a gas source, a return storage tank, a servo booster pump, a first buffer tank, a second buffer tank, flow meters, pressure regulating valves, overflow valves, a drying pipe and one-way valves, the flow meters comprise a first flow meter and a second flow meter, the pressure regulating valves comprise a first pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve and a third pressure regulating valve, the hydrate generation system comprises a reaction kettle, an upper end cover and a gas outlet of the reaction kettle, a gas inlet, a stirring rotor and a lower end cover, and the data recording and monitoring system comprises a computer, a camera, a temperature sensor and pressure sensors; the pressure sensors comprise a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor, a fifth pressure sensor and a sixth pressure sensor; all components are connected with each needle valve through pipelines, and the needle valves comprise a first needle valve, a second needle valve, a third needle valve and a fourth needle valve;
the servo booster pump is connected with the return storage tank and the first buffer tank, and the first buffer tank is connected with the second buffer tank through a third needle valve and a first pressure regulating valve; the second buffer tank is sequentially connected with a fourth needle valve, a second pressure regulating valve, a second flowmeter, a third pressure regulating valve and a fifth needle valve and is connected to the air inlet through a pipeline; the upper end cover and the air outlet of the reaction kettle are sequentially connected with an overflow valve, a drying pipe, a first flowmeter, a one-way valve and a return storage tank; the temperature sensor is arranged on the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is placed in the low-temperature circulating bath; the reaction kettle is provided with a visible window, the upper end and the lower end of the reaction kettle are respectively connected with an upper end cover, an air outlet hole and a lower end cover of the reaction kettle, and a stirring rotor is arranged on the lower end cover; the sixth pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the camera, the first flowmeter and the second flowmeter are all connected to the computer;
the upper end cover and the gas outlet of the reaction kettle, the stirring rotor and the lower end cover are all arranged on the reaction kettle, a second flowmeter and a first flowmeter are respectively arranged at the front and the back of the reaction kettle in the gas circulation process and used for monitoring the gas flow in real time, a sixth pressure sensor is arranged at the upper part of the reaction kettle and used for monitoring the pressure in the reaction kettle in real time, and a temperature sensor is arranged at the lower part of the reaction kettle and used for monitoring the temperature in the reaction kettle in real time;
and the computer is used for recording the data acquired by the camera, the sixth pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the second flowmeter and the first flowmeter in real time.
A method for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time is used for realizing a hydrate additive evaluation method through the device and mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: an inspection device: ensuring that all components in the device work normally, and placing a drilling fluid or solution sample added with an additive in the device;
s2: gas displacement: opening valves of an air source, opening all needle valves in sequence, adjusting the overflow value of an overflow valve to be minimum, and fully opening all pressure regulating valves, wherein the needle valves comprise a first needle valve, a second needle valve, a third needle valve, a fourth needle valve and a fifth needle valve, and the pressure regulating valves comprise a first pressure regulating valve, a second pressure regulating valve and a third pressure regulating valve;
s3: initial inflation: after the first needle valve and the third pressure regulating valve are closed, continuing ventilation, enabling the second pressure sensor and the first pressure sensor to reach preset pressure values, sequentially closing the second pressure regulating valve and the first pressure regulating valve, and closing a valve of an air source;
s4: pre-cooling the system: opening the low-temperature circulating bath to enable the fifth needle valve, the second buffer tank and the reaction kettle to reach the initial experiment temperature;
s5: and (3) inflating and saturating: adjusting the overflow valve to reach a preset overflow value, continuously inflating until the pressure in the reaction kettle reaches the saturation pressure, and standing for saturation;
s6: setting parameters: opening the temperature and pressure monitored by each temperature sensor and each pressure sensor in real time and recorded by a computer, receiving video data uploaded by a camera, setting recording parameters of each flowmeter, each temperature sensor and each pressure sensor, and setting servo working parameters of a servo booster pump;
s7: the experiment was started: adjusting an overflow valve, taking the overflow pressure as an experimental pressure, sequentially adjusting a first pressure regulating valve and a second pressure regulating valve to enable gas to enter the reaction kettle according to a set flow, and starting an experiment;
s8: middle air supplement: when the formation amount of the hydrate does not reach the preset amount and the single pressure drop in the returned storage tank 22 is more than 2MPa, so that the single pressurization working time of the servo booster pump reaches the preset duration, opening a valve of an air source to supplement air; after the air is supplemented, the experiment is continued until the formation amount of the hydrate reaches the preset amount;
s9: through the steps S1-S8, the formation, decomposition and aggregation of the hydrate are observed under the action of certain additive, the influence of the additive on the hydrate is obtained, and the formation rate of the hydrate is monitored in real time; by adopting the method of the steps S1-S8, the influence of each drilling fluid additive on the hydrate is obtained through a plurality of experiments, and the effect of saving experimental gas and the experimental interference caused by manual gas filling are realized through the circular flow of the gas in the system.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) according to the invention, the precise flowmeters are respectively connected to the front and the back of the reaction kettle, the formation rate of the hydrate can be accurately and visually known by utilizing the flow difference value of the two precise flowmeters, the hydrate induction time and the aggregation form of the whole formation process can be accurately known by matching with the temperature sensor and the camera, and the whole process can be replayed so as to facilitate the experiment in high school; (2) the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank are matched with a two-stage pressure regulating valve and a flowmeter, so that the flow and the temperature of gas entering the reaction kettle can effectively meet the experimental requirements, the experimental error is reduced, and the experimental result is accurate and reliable; (3) the gas discharged from the upper part of the reaction kettle flows back to the storage tank through the drying pipe, the flowmeter and the one-way valve, and is pressurized by the servo compressor, so that the waste of experimental gas is reduced by recycling the gas, the times of manual gas supplement are reduced, and the experimental automation is high without repeated operation; (4) the temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the reaction kettle, after the experiment air inlet is stopped, the reaction kettle can still calculate and observe the hydrate formation condition according to the temperature and pressure and the video data, and the experiment simulation working conditions are multiple and the application range is wide.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for a long period of time according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates over a long period of time in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the labeling: 1-one-way valve, 2-first needle valve, 3-exhaust port, 4-first precision flowmeter, 5-drying tube, 6-gas source, 7-second needle valve, 8-first pressure sensor, 9-third needle valve, 10-first precision pressure regulating valve, 11-second pressure sensor, 12-fourth needle valve, 13-second precision pressure regulating valve, 14-second precision flowmeter, 15-third precision pressure regulating valve, 16-third pressure sensor, 17-fourth pressure sensor, 18-overflow valve, 19-fifth pressure sensor, 20-sixth pressure sensor, 21-computer, 22-return storage tank, 23-servo booster pump, 24-low temperature circulating bath, 25-first buffer tank, 26-fifth needle valve, 27-a second buffer tank, 28-an upper end cover and an air outlet of the reaction kettle, 29-an air inlet, 30-a stirring rotor, 31-a lower end cover, 32-the reaction kettle, 33-a temperature sensor and 34-a camera.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device and a method for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time. The system comprises a temperature control system, a gas circulation system, a hydrate generation system and a data recording and monitoring system. The temperature control system mainly comprises a temperature sensor and a low-temperature circulating bath and is mainly used for accurately controlling the experiment temperature; the gas circulation system mainly comprises a gas source 6, a return storage tank 22, a servo booster pump 23, a first buffer tank 25, a second buffer tank 27, flow meters, pressure regulating valves, an overflow valve 18, a drying pipe 5 and a one-way valve 1, wherein all components are connected through pipelines and needle valves to form a complete circulation loop, so that gas circularly flows in the system, experimental gas is saved, and dynamic flow of the gas is ensured; the hydrate generating system mainly comprises a reaction kettle 32, an upper end cover and an air outlet 28 of the reaction kettle, an air inlet 29, a stirring rotor 30 and a lower end cover 31, and is used for containing samples and serving as a generating container of the hydrate; the data recording and monitoring system mainly comprises a computer 21, a camera 34, a temperature sensor 33 and various pressure sensors, and can accurately monitor the experimental condition to ensure that the actual working condition is accurately simulated. The flow meter adopts a precise flow meter, and the pressure regulating valve adopts a precise pressure regulating valve.
In the scheme, the four systems are coordinated and matched with each other to meet the experiment requirement, the gas circulation system penetrates through the whole experiment device, and the other three systems are all attached to the system.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes: the device comprises a one-way valve 1, a first needle valve 2, an exhaust port 3, a first flowmeter 4, a drying pipe 5, an air source 6, a second needle valve 7, a first pressure sensor 8, a third needle valve 9, a first pressure regulating valve 10, a second pressure sensor 11, a fourth needle valve 12, a second pressure regulating valve 13, a second flowmeter 14, a third pressure regulating valve 15, a third pressure sensor 16, a fourth pressure sensor 17, an overflow valve 18, a fifth pressure sensor 19, a sixth pressure sensor 20, a computer 21, a return storage tank 22, a servo booster pump 23, a low-temperature circulating bath 24, a first buffer tank 25, a fifth needle valve 26, a second buffer tank 27, a reaction kettle upper end cover and air outlet 28, an air inlet 29, a stirring rotor 30, a lower end cover 31, a reaction kettle 32, a temperature sensor 33 and a camera 34;
the servo booster pump 23 is connected with the return storage tank 22 and the first buffer tank 25, the first buffer tank 25 is connected with the second buffer tank through the needle valve 9 and the precision pressure regulating valve 10, the precision flowmeter 14 is connected with the precision pressure regulating valve 15, the upper end cover and the air outlet 28 of the reaction kettle are connected with the overflow valve 18 and then connected with the drying pipe 5 and the precision flowmeter 4, and the precision flowmeter 4 is connected with the one-way valve 1 and then connected with the return storage tank 22; the temperature sensor 33 is arranged on the reaction kettle 32, and the reaction kettle 32 is placed in the low-temperature circulating bath 24; the reaction kettle 32 is provided with a visible window, the upper end cover and the lower end cover 31 of the air outlet hole 28 are respectively connected with the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the stirring rotor 30 is arranged on the lower end cover; the pressure sensor 20, the temperature sensor 33, the camera 34, the precision flow meter 4, and the precision flow meter 14 are connected to the computer 21.
The first buffer tank 25, the second buffer tank 27 and the reaction kettle 32 are integrally positioned in the low-temperature circulating bath 24, and the first buffer tank 25 and the second buffer tank 27 are used for ensuring that gas stably and controllably flows into the reaction kettle and the temperature is low.
A fourth needle valve 12, a second pressure regulating valve 13, a second precision flowmeter 14, a third pressure sensor 16, a third pressure regulating valve 15, a fourth pressure sensor 17 and a fifth needle valve 26 are sequentially arranged between the second buffer tank 27 and the reaction kettle 32, the proper flow rate of pressure entering the reaction kettle 32 is ensured to be moderate through two-stage pressure regulation, the second precision flowmeter 14 records the flow entering the reaction kettle, and the flow used in the experiment also has the function of regulating and limiting the flow.
A precise overflow valve 18, a fifth pressure sensor 19, a drying pipe 5, a first flowmeter 4, a one-way valve 1 and then the gas returns to the return storage tank 22 are sequentially connected behind the reaction kettle 32, the first flowmeter 4 records the gas flow at the outlet, and the gas returns to the return storage tank 22 through the one-way valve 1 and enters the next cycle.
The servo booster pump 23, the second needle valve 7 and the first buffer tank 25 are sequentially connected after the gas returns to the storage tank 22, and after the gas enters the next cycle, the servo booster pump 23 determines whether to start or stop working according to the pressure of the first buffer tank 25, so that the gas is ensured to smoothly enter the first buffer tank 25 to participate in the next cycle.
The temperature sensor 33 and the sixth pressure sensor 20 are arranged on the reaction kettle 32, the visible window is arranged on the reaction kettle 32, the camera 34 is arranged beside the reaction kettle 32, the hydrate formation condition in the reaction kettle 32 is monitored, and the consumption of the reaction gas is calculated according to the difference of the gas flow rates of the inlet and the outlet, so that the hydrate formation rate and the hydrate formation amount are calculated.
And when the experimental working condition is changed and the air intake is stopped, calculating the gas consumption by the pressure drop of the hydrate formation amount and the hydrate formation rate, and further calculating to obtain the hydrate formation amount and the hydrate formation rate.
Pressure sensors are connected to the first buffer tank 25 and the second buffer tank 27, and whether air supply air supplement is needed or not is determined according to the working conditions of the two pressure sensors and the servo booster pump 23.
When the volume of the reaction kettle is 600mmL, the precision of the servo booster pump 23 is not less than 0.2MPa, and the working pressure is not lower than 20 MPa; the volumes of the first buffer tank 25 and the second buffer tank 27 are not less than 3L; the accumulated error of the flowmeter is less than 0.3%, and the instantaneous flow display resolution is less than 0.1% F.S; the pixels of the camera need to be higher than 120 ten thousand pixels, and the recording time length needs to be at least longer than one experimental period.
The method for dynamically evaluating the influence of the hydrate additive on the hydrate for a long time mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: an inspection device: ensuring that all components work normally, and placing a drilling fluid or solution sample added with certain additives;
s2: gas displacement: opening the valve of the air source 6, opening all needle valves in sequence, adjusting the overflow value of the overflow valve 18 to be minimum, and completely opening the pressure regulating valve;
s3: initial inflation: after the needle valve 2 and the pressure regulating valve 15 are closed, continuing ventilation, and after the pressure sensor 11 and the pressure sensor 8 reach preset pressure values, sequentially closing the pressure regulating valve 13 and the pressure regulating valve 10 and closing the valve of the gas source 6; the preset pressure value is determined according to experimental conditions, and is generally 6-15MPa, and the value of the preset pressure value is 6MPa in the embodiment;
s4: pre-cooling the system: opening the low-temperature circulating bath 24 to enable the needle valve 26, the second buffer tank 27 and the reaction kettle 32 to reach the initial experiment temperature;
s5: and (3) inflating and saturating: adjusting the overflow valve 18 to reach an overflow value, continuously inflating until the pressure in the reaction kettle 32 reaches a saturated pressure, and standing for saturation;
s6: setting parameters: opening a computer to record temperature, pressure and video data, setting recording parameters of a flow meter and a temperature and pressure sensor, and setting servo working parameters of a servo booster pump 23;
s7: the experiment was started: adjusting the overflow valve 18 to make the overflow pressure be the experimental pressure, sequentially adjusting the pressure regulating valve 10 and the pressure regulating valve 13 to make the gas enter the reaction kettle 32 according to the set flow, and starting the experiment;
s8: middle air supplement: when the formation amount of the hydrate does not reach the preset amount and the single pressure drop in the return storage tank 22 is more than 2MPa, so that the working time of the single servo booster pump 23 is long, the valve of the gas source 6 can be properly opened to supplement gas; the hydrate formation amount is not equal to the preset amount, which represents that the experiment is not finished, and the single pressure drop of more than 2MPa in the storage tank 22 indicates that the pressure in the system is not enough and pressure supplement is needed; after the air is supplemented, the experiment is continued until the formation amount of the hydrate reaches the preset amount; the preset amount is adjusted according to a specific experiment and is obtained by adopting expert experience;
s9: the influence of the additive on the hydrate is obtained by observing the formation, decomposition and aggregation of the hydrate under the action of the additive, so that the formation rate of the hydrate is monitored in real time; and then by adopting the method of the steps S1-S8, the influence of each drilling fluid additive on the hydrate is obtained through a plurality of experiments, the influence of one drilling fluid additive on the hydrate is correspondingly obtained through one experiment, and in each experiment, the effect of saving experimental gas and the experimental interference caused by manual gas filling are realized through the circular flow of the gas in the system.
According to the experimental device and method, the additive performance can be evaluated under a static state, the main steps are that the S8 is removed, and the S7 is changed into: adjusting an overflow valve 18 to enable the overflow valve to be higher than the experimental pressure by 1MPa, and closing the pressure regulating valve 10 and the pressure regulating valve 13; the influence of the additive on the hydrate can be obtained by observing the formation, decomposition and aggregation of the hydrate under the action of the additive, so that the formation rate of the hydrate can be monitored in real time; the influence of each drilling fluid additive on the hydrate can be obtained by carrying out a plurality of experiments by adopting the same method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the precise flowmeters are respectively connected to the front and the back of the reaction kettle, the formation rate of the hydrate can be accurately and visually known by utilizing the flow difference value of the two precise flowmeters, the hydrate induction time and the aggregation form of the whole formation process can be accurately known by matching with the temperature sensor and the camera, and the whole process can be replayed so as to facilitate the experiment in high school;
(2) the first buffer tank and the second buffer tank are matched with a two-stage pressure regulating valve and a flowmeter, so that the flow and the temperature of gas entering the reaction kettle can effectively meet the experimental requirements, the experimental error is reduced, and the experimental result is accurate and reliable;
(3) the gas discharged from the upper part of the reaction kettle flows back to the storage tank through the drying pipe, the flowmeter and the one-way valve, and is pressurized by the servo compressor, so that the waste of experimental gas is reduced by recycling the gas, the times of manual gas supplement are reduced, and the experimental automation is high without repeated operation;
(4) the temperature and pressure sensor is arranged on the reaction kettle, after the experiment air inlet is stopped, the reaction kettle can still calculate and observe the hydrate formation condition according to the temperature and pressure and the video data, and the experiment simulation working conditions are multiple and the application range is wide.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A device for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on a hydrate for a long time is characterized in that: the device includes: temperature control system, gas circulation system, hydrate formation system, data record and monitoring system, temperature control system includes: a temperature sensor (33) and a low-temperature circulating bath (24), wherein the gas circulating system comprises a gas source (6), a return storage tank (22), a servo booster pump (23), a first buffer tank (25), a second buffer tank (27), flow meters, pressure regulating valves, overflow valves (18), a drying pipe (5) and a one-way valve (1), the flow meter comprises a first flow meter (4) and a second flow meter (14), the pressure regulating valves comprise a first pressure regulating valve (10), a second pressure regulating valve (13) and a third pressure regulating valve (15), the hydrate generating system comprises a reaction kettle (32), an upper end cover and an air outlet (28) of the reaction kettle, an air inlet (29), a stirring rotor (30) and a lower end cover (31), the data recording and monitoring system comprises a computer (21), a camera (34), a temperature sensor (33) and various pressure sensors; the pressure sensors comprise a first pressure sensor (8), a second pressure sensor (11), a third pressure sensor (16), a fourth pressure sensor (17), a fifth pressure sensor (19) and a sixth pressure sensor (20); all components are connected with each needle valve through pipelines, and the needle valves comprise a first needle valve (2), a second needle valve (7), a third needle valve (9), a fourth needle valve (12) and a fifth needle valve (26);
the servo booster pump (23) is connected with the return storage tank (22) and the first buffer tank (25), and the first buffer tank (25) is connected with the second buffer tank (27) through the third needle valve (9) and the first pressure regulating valve (10); the second buffer tank (27) is sequentially connected with the fourth needle valve (12), the second pressure regulating valve (13), the second flow meter (14), the third pressure regulating valve (15) and the fifth needle valve (26) and is connected to an air inlet (29) through a pipeline; the upper end cover and the air outlet (28) of the reaction kettle are sequentially connected with an overflow valve (18), a drying pipe (5), a first flowmeter (4), a one-way valve (1) and a return storage tank (22); the temperature sensor (33) is arranged on the reaction kettle (32), and the reaction kettle (32) is placed in the low-temperature circulating bath (24); the reaction kettle (32) is provided with a visible window, the upper end and the lower end of the reaction kettle are respectively connected with an upper end cover of the reaction kettle, an air outlet (28) and a lower end cover (31), and the lower end cover (31) is provided with a stirring rotor (30); the sixth pressure sensor (20), the temperature sensor (33), the camera (34), the first flowmeter (4) and the second flowmeter (14) are all connected to a computer (21);
the upper end cover and the gas outlet (28) of the reaction kettle, the stirring rotor (30) and the lower end cover (31) are all arranged on the reaction kettle (32), a second flowmeter (14) and a first flowmeter (4) are respectively arranged in front of and behind the reaction kettle (32) in the gas circulation process and used for monitoring the gas flow in real time, a sixth pressure sensor (20) is arranged at the upper part of the reaction kettle (32) and used for monitoring the pressure in the reaction kettle in real time, and a temperature sensor (33) is arranged at the lower part of the reaction kettle (32) and used for monitoring the temperature in the reaction kettle in real time;
the computer (21) is used for recording data acquired by the camera (34), the sixth pressure sensor (20), the temperature sensor (33), the second flowmeter (14) and the first flowmeter (4) in real time.
2. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: the first pressure sensor (8) and the second pressure sensor (11) are used for detecting the pressure in the first buffer tank (25) and the second buffer tank (27), respectively.
3. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature control system is used to control the experimental temperature in the hydrate reaction.
4. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrate generating system is used for containing a sample and serving as a generating container of the hydrate.
5. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: the gas circulation system is used for forming a complete circulation loop, so that gas circularly flows in the system, experimental gas is saved, and dynamic flow of the gas is ensured.
6. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: the data recording and monitoring system is used for monitoring the experimental condition so as to simulate the actual working condition.
7. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: an exhaust port (3) is arranged at the upper end of the first needle valve (2), and the exhaust port (3) is connected with an outdoor air or air treatment device and used for exhausting experimental waste gas.
8. The apparatus for dynamically evaluating the effect of an additive on hydrates for an extended period of time according to claim 1, wherein: the volume of the reaction kettle (32) is 600 mmL.
9. A method for dynamically evaluating the influence of an additive on hydrates for a long time, which is realized based on the device for dynamically evaluating the influence of the additive on hydrates for a long time according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: an inspection device: ensuring that all components in the device work normally, and placing a drilling fluid or solution sample added with certain additives in the device;
s2: gas displacement: opening valves of an air source (6), opening all needle valves in sequence, adjusting the overflow value of an overflow valve (18) to be minimum, and fully opening all pressure regulating valves, wherein the needle valves comprise a first needle valve (2), a second needle valve (7), a third needle valve (9), a fourth needle valve (12) and a fifth needle valve (26), and the pressure regulating valves comprise a first pressure regulating valve (10), a second pressure regulating valve (13) and a third pressure regulating valve (15);
s3: initial inflation: after the first needle valve (2) and the third pressure regulating valve (15) are closed, continuing ventilation, enabling the second pressure sensor (11) and the first pressure sensor (8) to reach preset pressure values, sequentially closing the second pressure regulating valve (13) and the first pressure regulating valve (10), and closing the valve of the air source (6);
s4: pre-cooling the system: opening the low-temperature circulating bath (24) to enable the fifth needle valve (26), the second buffer tank (27) and the reaction kettle (32) to reach the initial experiment temperature;
s5: and (3) inflating and saturating: adjusting the overflow valve (18) to reach a preset overflow value, continuously inflating until the pressure in the reaction kettle (32) reaches the saturation pressure, and standing for saturation;
s6: setting parameters: opening the temperature and pressure monitored by each temperature sensor and pressure sensor recorded by the computer (21) in real time and receiving video data uploaded by the camera (34), setting recording parameters of each flowmeter, temperature sensor and pressure sensor, and setting servo working parameters of the servo booster pump (23);
s7: the experiment was started: adjusting an overflow valve (18), taking the overflow pressure as an experimental pressure, sequentially adjusting a first pressure regulating valve (10) and a second pressure regulating valve (13), and enabling gas to enter a reaction kettle (32) according to a set flow to start an experiment;
s8: middle air supplement: when the formation amount of the hydrate reaches a preset amount and the single pressure drop in the returned storage tank 22 is more than 2MPa, so that the single pressurization working time of the servo booster pump (23) reaches a preset duration, opening a valve of the gas source (6) to supplement gas; after the air is supplemented, the experiment is continued until the formation amount of the hydrate reaches the preset amount;
s9: the influence of the additive on the hydrate is obtained by observing the formation, decomposition and aggregation of the hydrate under the action of the additive, so that the formation rate of the hydrate is monitored in real time; and then by adopting the method of the steps S1-S8, through a plurality of experiments, the influence of each drilling fluid additive on the hydrate is obtained, the formation rate of the hydrate is monitored in real time, and the effect of saving experimental gas and avoiding experimental interference caused by manual gas filling are realized through the circular flow of the gas in the system.
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