CN112542112A - 带有用户界面的车辆部件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种车辆部件(2),其特征在于,该车辆部件包括:‑能够发射光图像的光源(8),‑能够以全息图(4)的形式将光图像投射到车辆部件(2)外部的微镜板(12),以及‑能够在至少部分与全息图(4)重合的投影平面(17)中检测到任何物体的传感器(16)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及机动车辆的部件。更具体地,本发明涉及具有用户界面的机动车辆部件。
背景技术
在现有技术中已知机动车辆,其具有允许车辆与人通信和/或允许用户与车辆通信的界面(或接口)。在第一种情况下,它可能是车辆提示车辆使用者注意的信息。在第二种情况下,它可以是用户给车辆的指令,例如解锁车辆。通信可以在两个方向上进行,例如在用户指示车辆开门时,车辆要求用户在执行任务之前输入预定密码的情况。
这样的界面(接口)可以是设置在车辆车身上的与电子控制单元或ECU耦合的触摸屏的形式。车辆信息显示在屏幕上,并且用户可以点击屏幕以给出指示,例如通过按下触摸屏键盘或读取指纹。
这个界面很有意义,但是会带来一些问题。这是因为车辆的车身暴露于外部环境中,这可能使其变脏,在这种情况下,出于卫生原因,优选不要触摸触摸屏。相反,用手指触摸触摸屏通常会在其上留下一点油脂,这会影响触摸屏的外观,从而影响车辆的外观。另外,当用户的手指湿了时,触摸屏通常效果不佳,因此在雨中触摸屏可能无法工作。
发明内容
本发明尤其旨在通过提供一种避免用户与车辆之间接触的用户界面(接口)来解决这些问题。
为此,根据本发明,提供一种车辆部件,其包括:
-能够发出光图像的光源,
-能够以全息图的形式将光图像投射到车辆部件外部的微镜板,以及
-能够在至少部分与全息图重合的投影平面中检测到任何物体的传感器。
因此,界面被去物质化、并且采取由光源和微镜板产生的全息图的形式。借助传感器,用户可以与全息图互动。后者由投射在空中的图像形成,可以理解的是,使用者不需要触摸车辆的车身部件,这使得他可以避免上述缺点。
有利地,微镜板被对可见光和红外光透明的蒙皮覆盖。
因此,可以在不防止全息图的投影和操作的情况下,保护微镜板免受可能对其造成损坏的机械应力,特别是恶意的机械应力。
优选地,蒙皮由聚碳酸酯,聚丙烯或聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)制成。
因此,可以通过模制来制造蒙皮,并且这是廉价的。
有利地,传感器由红外传感器形成。
该传感器因此易于制造。
有利地,车辆部件还包括能够检测使用者朝着车辆部件的接近的检测器。
这使得全息图的生成可以自动开启(激活),而无需用户激活它,从而使界面更易于使用。
有利地,车辆部件形成车辆的尾门,车门或车辆保险杠。
这些类型的车辆部件对应于非常适合于提供信息或接收指令的车辆区域。
根据本发明的第一实施例,光源包括光屏。
有利地,光屏是弯曲的形状。
这使得全息图具有弯曲的形状,从而使其具有某种美感。
有利地,车辆部件还包括布置在光屏和微镜板之间的放大透镜。
这使得可以减小光屏的尺寸,而不会影响全息图的尺寸。这减少了车辆部件内部的空间。
根据本发明的第二实施例,光源包括由视频投影仪照明的投影屏。
根据本发明的第三实施例,光源包括由视频投影仪照明的背投屏。
有利地,视频投影仪是短焦距类型的。
这可以减小投影仪与投影屏或背投屏之间的距离,从而有助于减少车辆部件内部的空间。
附图说明
通过阅读下面的说明,将更好地理解本发明,这些说明仅作为例子给出、并参考附图,其中:
-图1是根据本发明的车辆部件的透视图,
-图2是处于未激活状态的根据本发明的第一实施例的车辆部件的剖视图,
-图3是处于激活状态的图2的车辆部件的剖视图,
-图4是示出图2和图3的车辆部件的元件彼此之间以及与用户之间的相互作用的图,
-图5是图3的车辆部件根据另一实施变型的剖视图,
-图6是图5的车辆部件根据可替代构造的透视图,
-图7是图3的车辆部件根据又一实施变型的剖视图,
-图8是示出图7的车辆部件的元件彼此之间以及与用户之间的相互作用的图,
-图9是根据本发明的第二实施例的车辆部件的截面图,
-图10是示出图9的车辆部件的元件彼此之间以及与用户之间的相互作用的图,
-图11是图9的车辆部件根据替代实施变型的的截面图,
-图12是根据本发明的第三实施例的车辆部件的截面图,
-图13是示出图12的车辆部件的元件彼此之间以及与用户之间的相互作用的图。
具体实施方式
图1中示出了根据本发明的车辆部件2。在当前例子中,车辆部件2形成机动车辆的尾门,但是可以设想,这也可以是车辆的其它部件,例如车门或保险杠等。从该图可见,车辆后面的任何人都可以看到显示的全息图(hologramme)4。
在图2中更详细地示出了车辆部件2。车辆部件2包括与车辆部件2的主要功能相对应的结构6。在该例子中,这是一个尾门的结构,下面将不再对其进一步描述。
车辆部件2包括能够发射光图像的光源8。该光源8在此由大体上平坦的形状的光屏形成,该光屏由固定在结构6上的支撑件10承载。光源8与电子控制单元或ECU 11a耦合,该电子控制单元或ECU11a使得光屏能够发射出光图像。ECU 11a还可以连接到属于其上要安装车辆部件2的车辆的功能控制模块11b。可以通过车辆的电池(未示出)向光源8和ECU11a供应能量。
车辆部件2包括微镜板(plaqueàmicro-miroirs)12,该微镜板12能够将由光源8产生的光图像投射到车辆部件2的外部。微镜板12耦合到ECU11a。微镜板12的一个例子是由Asukanet公司以“Aska3D”的名称销售的产品。这样的微镜板的概念是已知的,在下面将不再进一步描述。
车辆部件2包括覆盖微镜板12的蒙皮14,以保护其免受可能损坏微镜板的外部机械应力的影响。蒙皮14由透明材料制成。术语“透明的”在此应理解为:该材料对于波长包含在可见光谱范围内的(即波长介于大约380至780nm之间)、或波长包括在红外光谱中的(在本发明的上下文中,即在700至20,000nm之间)任何光辐射至少是透明的。蒙皮14在此由具有这种特性的塑料制成,例如:聚碳酸酯通常被称为“PC”。然而,可以理解,该蒙皮可以由具有该特性的任何其他塑料制成,例如聚丙烯(PP)或聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)(PMMA)。蒙皮14可以是半透明的,以便隐藏微镜板12。“半透明的”在这里是指蒙皮14仅透射可见光的一部分,例如高达10%至40%。该表面降低了全息图4的亮度,但是没有阻止其产生。
车辆部件2包括传感器16,在此是红外传感器。传感器16连接至ECU11a,并由支撑件10承载,且由蒙皮14覆盖。传感器16的功能将在下面描述。
在图2中,车辆部件2处于未激活的状态,这意味着光源8已关闭并且没有生成全息图。
图3示出了激活状态的车辆部件2。该激活可以借助于检测器18来控制,该检测器能够检测到人朝车辆部件2的接近并且在某些可能的附加预定条件下,例如检测到车辆钥匙。此处,检测器18包括一个固定在车辆部件2外部的位置传感器,该位置传感器可以从以下传感器列表中进行选择:Inter Real Sense,Leap Motion,Sony DepthsensingSolutions,Neonode Force AIR Touch Sensor,SMK Corporation TJ Q0100 Series。当检测器18检测到有人正在接近车辆部件2时,其将信号发送至ECU11a以激活光源8和微镜板12。
图4示出了用户20和车辆部件2的元件之间的相互作用。在激活状态下,光源8被打开并产生光图像。该光图像朝微镜板12的方向上发射,该微镜板12将光图像投射到车辆部件2的外部,以产生全息图4。全息图4具有平面形状。微镜板12以这样的方式投射全息图4:以使得光屏与微镜板12之间的角度α等于微镜板12与全息图4的平面之间的角度。因此,可以理解,通过选择光源8相对于微镜板12的布置,可以调整全息图4相对于车辆部件2的倾斜度。在当前情况下,大约45°的角度α是特别便利的,以使得全息图4清晰可见并且具有人体工程学位置。
传感器16的取向使得它可以检测到位于与全息图4所在的平面重合的检测平面17中的任何物体的存在。如果ECU11a期望用户20与全息图4交互,则它可以在图像中(并因此在投影的全息图中)插入文本,以邀请用户与全息图、以及用户可以在其中与之交互的至少一个区域进行交互,例如键盘。如图3所示,当用户20用他的手指越过所述区域时,由传感器16检测到,传感器16将该信息发送到ECU11a以向其指示用户20已经与全息图4交互。换句话说,ECU11a对全息图4上的手指的位置做出反应。
应用该系统的一个例子是信息显示。这样的信息包括车辆电池的充电状态,车辆状况的诊断等。
该系统的另一个应用示例是车辆的解锁。当用户20接近车辆时,车辆部件2进入激活状态,在全息图4中显示键盘,并邀请用户20输入他的密码。用户用手指在全息图4中键入密码。借助于传感器16,确定由用户20致动的全息图4的键盘按键。如果输入的密码正确,则ECU11a发出指令,以解锁车辆。否则,ECU11a被设置为指示输入的密码不正确,然后邀请用户再次输入他的密码。其他可能的应用是例如根据预定义的设置来调节车辆的座椅或后视镜的位置,或者以自主(动)模式启动车辆从停车位移出的程序,这些仅是举几个例子。
图5示出了根据第一实施例的变型的车辆部件2。在此,光源8的光屏具有大致弯曲的形状。因此,全息图4也具有弯曲的形状,这使其具有一定的美感。在这种情况下,不可能使传感器16的检测平面17与全息图4重合。取而代之的是,将传感器16定向为使得检测平面17与全息图4部分地重合,例如使得其与全息图4相交。例如可以规定,检测平面17穿过由全息图4形成的几何图形的等视点中心(isobarycentre)。图6示出了根据替代构造的车辆部件2,其中光源的光屏以与图5的弧度曲线不同的曲线弯曲。由此,与图5相比,全息图也以不同的曲线弯曲。这种不同的曲线能够使检测平面更好地匹配该曲线,并因此增强了用户对全息图是交互式的感觉。
在图7和图8中示出了根据第一实施例的另一变型的车辆部件2。根据该变型,在光源8和微镜板12之间插入放大透镜22。该放大透镜22使得能够在不减小全息图4的尺寸大小的情况下,减小光源8的尺寸,从而减小其体积。。
在图9和图10中示出了根据本发明的第二实施例的车辆部件2’。在下文中,将仅描述与根据第一实施例的车辆部件2的区别。与第一实施例的元件相似的元件具有相同的附图标记。
车辆部件2’包括光源8,光源8包括由视频投影仪26照明的投影屏24。视频投影仪26和微镜板12均布置在投影屏24的同一侧。视频投影仪26与ECU11a耦合,并且能够产生图像并将其投影在投影屏24上。显示在投影屏24上的图像然后由微镜板12投影以生成全息图4。换句话说,投影屏24用作辅助光源。
在图11中示出了根据本发明第二实施例的变型的车辆部件2’。根据该变型,视频投影仪26是短焦距型的,这使得能够修改车辆部件2’中各种元件的布置,以减小车辆部件2’内部的体积。
在图12和13中示出了根据本发明的第三实施例的车辆部件2”。在下文中,将仅描述区别于根据第二实施例的车辆部件2’的地方。与第二实施例的元件相似的元件具有相同的附图标记。
车辆部件2”包括光源8,光源8包括由视频投影仪26照明的背投屏28。视频投影仪26和微镜板12布置在背投屏28的两侧。这能够满足车辆部件的各种元件的其他构造需求,例如满足特定的空间限制。视频投影仪26与ECU11a耦合,并且能够产生图像并将其投影到背投屏28上。由背投屏28传输的图像被微镜板12投影,以产生全息图4。换句话说,背投屏28用作辅助光源。
本发明不限于所呈现的实施例,并且其他实施例对于本领域技术人员将是显而易见的。
附图标记列表:
2;2’;2”:车辆部件
4:全息图
6:结构
8:光源
10:支撑件
11a:电子控制单元或ECU
11b:功能控制模块
12:微镜板
14:蒙皮
16:传感器
17:检测平面
18:检测器
20:用户
22:放大透镜
24:投影屏
26:视频投影仪
28:背投屏
30:视频投影仪。
Claims (12)
1.车辆部件(2;2’;2”),其特征在于,该车辆部件包括:
-能够发射光图像的光源(8),
-能够以全息图(4)的形式将光图像投射到车辆部件(2;2’;2”)外部的微镜板(12),以及
-能够在至少部分与全息图(4)重合的投影平面(17)中检测到任何物体的传感器(16)。
2.根据前述权利要求所述的车辆部件(2;2’;2”),其中,所述微镜板(12)被对可见光和红外光透明的蒙皮(14)覆盖。
3.根据前述权利要求所述的车辆部件(2;2’;2”),其中,所述蒙皮(14)由聚碳酸酯,聚丙烯或聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯)制成。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的车辆部件(2;2’;2”),其中,所述传感器(16)由红外传感器形成。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的车辆部件(2;2’;2”),其还包括检测器(18),所述检测器(18)适于检测用户朝所述车辆部件(2;2’;2”)的靠近。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的车辆部件(2;2’;2”),其形成车辆的尾门,门或保险杠。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车辆部件(2),其中,所述光源(8)包括光屏。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆部件(2),其中,所述光屏是弯曲的形状。
9.根据权利要求7所述的车辆部件(2),其还包括布置在所述光屏和所述微镜板(12)之间的放大透镜(22)。
10.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车辆部件(2’),其中,所述光源(8)包括由视频投影仪(26)照明的投影屏(24)。
11.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车辆部件(2”),其中,所述光源(8)包括由视频投影仪(30)照明的背投屏(28)。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的车辆部件(2’;2”),其中,所述视频投影仪(26;30)是短焦距类型的。
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