CN112539444A - Household waste heat recycling and energy storage system - Google Patents
Household waste heat recycling and energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112539444A CN112539444A CN202011441649.9A CN202011441649A CN112539444A CN 112539444 A CN112539444 A CN 112539444A CN 202011441649 A CN202011441649 A CN 202011441649A CN 112539444 A CN112539444 A CN 112539444A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F24C15/00—Details
- F24C15/36—Protective guards, e.g. for preventing access to heated parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/04—Electric heating systems using electric heating of heat-transfer fluid in separate units of the system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0014—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from waste air or from vapors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a household waste heat recycling and energy storage system. The system comprises a waste heat recovery module, a thermoelectric generation and energy storage module and a waste heat conversion module. The waste heat recovery module can collect waste heat energy generated by various household appliances and electric equipment, and the waste heat can be transmitted to the hot end of the thermoelectric material in a short distance through the heat pipe; the thermoelectric power generation and energy storage module comprises a thermoelectric material, a storage battery and a voltage stabilizer, wherein part of heat transmitted by the heat pipe can be converted into electric energy by the thermoelectric material and stored in the storage battery, and stable direct-current power supply can be provided for small-sized electrical appliances. The waste heat conversion module comprises one or more groups of phase change medium heat storage containers, the phase change medium heat storage containers are attached to cold ends of thermoelectric materials and are connected to the preheating pipeline in a serial or parallel mode, and partial heat is transferred from the heat pipes to the thermoelectric materials and then transferred to the phase change medium containers so as to heat a water source or an air source in the preheating pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy conservation and energy storage and reuse, in particular to a design of a household waste heat reuse and energy storage system.
Background
In recent years, with the improvement of the living standard of residents, small electric heating or gas heating devices are gradually popularized and rapidly sold, and household small electric heating or gas heating devices such as water heaters, gas stoves, electric kettles, electric cookers, electric ovens, electric baking pans and the like are increasingly popularized in life. It is noted that after the electric or gas heat equipment completes the given work, a large amount of waste heat resources with the temperature above 80 ℃ are generated. Taking a gas stove as an example, the cooker is heated by high temperature generated by burning natural gas and oxygen, meanwhile, a base of the gas stove is in contact with flame, the temperature of the base of the gas stove is also maintained at a high level, and a large amount of heat is dissipated to the external environment through the base; similarly, wall temperature waste heat after the electric kettle, the electric cooker, the electric baking pan and other equipment are used is dissipated into the external environment in a natural cooling mode at present, and the dissipated waste heat is huge in amount and is particularly remarkable in the application scene of large-scale gas and electric heating equipment such as schools, enterprise canteens and the like; on the other hand, the food processing processes such as rinsing, thawing and baking in the kitchen and the use of a water heater require additional heat input, and the sources of the heat input are electric energy or gas resources. Therefore, the research on recycling and energy storage of household waste heat is imperative, and the method has important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction.
The existing industrial waste heat recovery system mainly utilizes waste heat resources such as generated high-temperature flue gas and steam, and mainly utilizes waste heat in three modes such as a heat exchange technology, a heat-power conversion technology and a waste heat refrigerating and heating technology. The heat exchange technology is to heat cold water or a phase change medium through a dividing wall type heat exchanger to recover and store waste heat, but the volume of a heat storage container is large, so that the heat storage container is not suitable for recovering waste heat in small household space; the heat-power conversion technology can improve the grade of the waste heat, is another important technology of industrial waste heat, but the required parts of the system are complex (such as turbine and the like), and the difficulty in realizing the application of small household space is high; the waste heat refrigeration technology is mainly applied to an absorption type waste heat refrigeration unit, the system structure is simple, but the waste heat refrigeration technology is only suitable for large-scale heat recovery, and the higher refrigeration efficiency can be achieved. In summary, the waste heat recovery system widely used in industry at present has a small reference value for the application scenario of household waste heat recovery, and a novel waste heat recovery and energy storage system with strong flexibility and suitable for household electric heating or gas heating equipment components needs to be developed. With the continuous improvement of the maturity of the energy storage and thermoelectric conversion technology, the method for storing or converting the waste heat resources into the electric energy can realize the recycling of the waste heat resources with smaller scale and more dispersion.
The patent CN110419995A discloses a hot water supply device for a dish washer using waste heat of a stove, which comprises a waste heat recovery device, a washing cylinder with a dish washer, a hot water storage tank and a hot water pump. The hot water storage tank is connected with the cleaning cylinder through a pipeline, a hot water supply pump is installed in the pipeline, hot water of the hot water storage tank comes from a stove smoke waste heat recovery hot water device, and recovered hot water is supplied to the dish-washing machine. The description does not refer to the centralized collection, transportation and thermoelectric conversion of small-scale and distributed waste heat resources and the realization of phase-change heat storage combined electric energy storage.
Patent CN110081478A discloses a waste heat recovery energy-saving system for gas stoves, each stove is equipped with a waste heat recovery device and connected through a tap water pipe, and the heat is taken away by tap water and then stored in a heat storage water tank. The description does not refer to the centralized collection, transportation, thermoelectric conversion and phase-change heat storage of small-scale and distributed waste heat resources and the combined electric energy storage.
Patent CN110822498A discloses a gas energy-saving stove with heat-retaining function, at the upper surface of the kitchen range body surface mounting combustion chamber, its inside has arranged into, the delivery port, carries out the heat exchange through the flue gas and the cold water that the combustion chamber produced, and the heat of retrieving is finally stored in the water storage tank. The description does not show relevant description on centralized collection, transportation and thermoelectric conversion of small-scale and distributed waste heat resources and realization of phase-change heat storage combined electric energy storage.
Patent CN201332372Y discloses an utilize liquid cooling circulative cooling's waste heat thermoelectric generation system, can field such as domestic kitchen range waste heat power generation, including the semiconductor thermoelectric generation device that has cold junction and hot junction two poles of the earth, its hot junction links to each other through heat-conducting part 7 heat source, and its cold junction is connected with cooling cycle pipeline through heat absorption box, and the lead-out wire of its cold junction and hot junction is connected with power storage device. The hot end is used for collecting heat from an electric appliance or a heat source and transmitting the heat through the heat conducting component. The cold junction has the heat absorption box, and coolant liquid circulation pipeline includes surface cooling radiator, fan and circulating water pump etc. can dispel the heat through the circulating medium to maintain thermoelectric material's the difference in temperature. The electric power storage device is connected with the cold end and the hot end and also has a voltage stabilization processing function, heat is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric material and is stably stored in the electric power storage device, and the electric power storage device can further provide reliable direct current power supply for the electric equipment. The heat absorption box can only store electric energy, centralized collection, transfer, phase change heat storage, heat energy recycling and the like of waste heat resources are not described, the heat absorption box mainly takes away heat through unidirectional forced convection of cold fluid in the box, and a water pump is needed to supplement cooling liquid in time to maintain temperature difference.
Patent CN102044994A discloses a thermoelectric collection and conversion device, which includes a waste heat collector for collecting waste heat, a heat generator, and a storage battery, wherein the waste heat collector is used for collecting heat generated by a waste heat generating device, concentrating the heat and transmitting the heat to the heat generator through a heat pipe, and the waste heat is converted from heat to electricity by the heat generator and then directly utilized or stored in the storage battery for standby. The patent only discloses the use of heat pipes as a means of transferring heat from a heat source to a thermal power plant, and does not describe the centralized collection, transfer, phase change heat storage, thermal energy reuse, etc. of waste heat resources.
Patent CN103595299A discloses a fused salt phase transition energy storage thermoelectric generation system, including the fused salt energy memory of heat transfer basin and the hot junction of thermoelectric generation chip cold junction. The fused salt energy storage device can store a large amount of heat based on the fused salt phase change process, and can also smooth the temperature fluctuation of the hot end. The cold junction direct contact of heat transfer basin and thermoelectric generation chip and absorb the heat from the cold junction and heat the water in the heat transfer basin or other fluid medium that treat the heating to the uniform temperature, effectively reduce the temperature of the cold junction of thermoelectric generation chip simultaneously, guarantee the difference in temperature of thermoelectric generation chip both sides for the system is stable generates electricity, has improved heat energy utilization efficiency, acquires the hot water supply in the time of the electricity generation. The invention does not describe a waste heat utilization method and a heat utilization system, and meanwhile, because the specific heat of the molten salt is high and the phase change temperature is about 180-200 ℃, the invention can be used in the field of industrial waste heat utilization, but can not solve the problems of low taste, fast dissipation, small scale and dispersed heat source of household waste heat recovery.
Patent CN106196211A relates to a system for recycling kitchen flue gas waste heat, and proposes a way of recycling kitchen flue gas by using thermoelectric material and gravity heat pipe. The cold end of the thermoelectric material is air-cooled, and the temperature difference between the external environment and the flue gas is utilized to realize temperature difference power generation; and a gravity heat pipe heat exchanger is arranged at the flue gas outlet so as to further recover the flue gas waste heat. The invention mainly aims at the waste heat recovery of the flue gas, can not solve the problems of recovery, storage and reutilization of household waste heat resources with the characteristics of small scale and dispersed arrangement, and does not describe the centralized collection, transfer, phase change heat storage, reutilization of heat energy and the like of the waste heat resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a household energy-saving system combining waste heat recycling and energy storage based on thermoelectric conversion and phase-change medium heat storage, aiming at the characteristics of various heat sources, strong flexibility, high heat dissipation and the like in the household waste heat recovery process. The system can effectively recover and store the waste heat of electric appliances such as a gas stove and the like in the phase change medium, and is convenient to use at any time; meanwhile, partial heat is converted into electric energy by utilizing the thermoelectric material and stored in the storage battery, so that the electric energy can be taken by small-sized electric appliances at any time, and the effects of high efficiency, energy conservation and flexible energy utilization are achieved.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a domestic waste heat is recycled and energy storage system, includes a waste heat recovery module, a thermoelectric generation and energy storage module and a waste heat conversion module. The waste heat recovery module at least comprises a set of heat pipes, wherein one end of each heat pipe receives waste heat resources and transmits the waste heat resources to the hot end of the thermoelectric material at the other end of each heat pipe, and short-distance transmission of heat is realized. The other end of the heat pipe is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric material. The waste heat recovery module can adopt a plurality of sets of heat pipes to be matched with thermoelectric material devices, and serial and parallel arrangement is realized according to different forms and waste heat resource quality and gradient. The thermoelectric power generation and energy storage module comprises thermoelectric materials, a storage battery and a voltage stabilizer, wherein electrodes of the storage battery are connected with the thermoelectric materials, and the charging voltage and the current are kept stable through the voltage stabilizer. Part of heat generated by the heat source is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric material and is stably stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery can further provide reliable direct-current power supply for household small-sized electric equipment. The waste heat conversion module comprises a heat storage container filled with a phase change medium, a preheating pipeline, an electric heater, a temperature sensor and a controller; the heat storage container is connected with the cold end of the thermoelectric material, heat is transferred to melt the phase change medium in the heat storage container through the thermoelectric material and stored in a latent heat mode, and meanwhile, the temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric material can be maintained, so that the efficiency of converting heat energy into electric energy is guaranteed; the preheating pipeline and the heat storage container are buried in the phase-change material in a series or parallel mode, and water or a gas-phase medium in the preheating pipeline is supplied to the heat utilization end through heating of the phase-change medium; the controller can be matched with auxiliary heating of equipment such as an electric heater or a gas heater and the like according to feedback of the temperature sensor and the requirement of the heat using end, so that the medium temperature required by the heat using end is met.
The preferable scheme further comprises any one of the following technical characteristics:
the household waste heat recycling and energy storage system comprises the rest heat recovery modules, and waste heat resource quality is arranged in series and in parallel according to thermal resistance and temperature gradient so as to realize gradient utilization of heat energy of the preheating conversion module; the connection of the heat pipe, the waste heat energy generating unit and the hot end of the thermoelectric material can adopt an integrated molding design, a split type bonding or a quick joint connection mode so as to meet the requirements of different application environments and different heat transmission distances.
According to the household waste heat recycling and energy storage system, the heat storage container is filled with the phase-change medium and is provided with the enhanced heat transfer structure, the arrangement of waste heat resources and the preheating pipeline is optimized comprehensively, and the phase-change medium container can be connected into the preheating pipeline in a serial or parallel mode.
According to the household waste heat recycling and energy storage system, the controller can be adjusted according to feedback of the temperature sensor, and the temperature of the hot end is adjusted and controlled by matching with the electric heater, so that an energy-saving effect is achieved.
According to the household waste heat recycling and energy storing system, the thermoelectric generation and energy storing module can be provided with independent storage batteries with different capacities according to different positions, heat fluxes, use frequencies and the like of waste heat resources, and independent power utilization devices can be set according to different capacities or can be connected through circuits to continuously provide stable direct current power supplies for small-sized power utilization equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
the household waste heat recycling and energy storage system provided by the invention can realize the collection and recovery of household waste heat which is dispersedly arranged, and can provide preheating convenience for pipelines or devices with useful heat requirements; meanwhile, partial waste heat resources can be converted into electric energy for storage, and efficient and flexible application of the waste heat resources is realized. Compared with the single heat storage mode which uses hot water or phase change working medium as the storage medium in the industrial and household waste heat recovery system disclosed at present, the combined type energy storage mode which uses the phase change medium to match with the thermoelectric material has the characteristics of stronger flexibility, high energy quality and the like, can not only provide heat energy, but also store electric energy and solve the problem that the small-sized electrical appliance needs to replace the battery for a long time.
The household waste heat recycling and energy storage system reasonably configures heat pipes, phase change energy storage, thermoelectric materials and the like, provides a new concept of small-scale and relatively dispersed household heat source recycling and storage, and realizes the dispersed recycling and centralized taking of household heat sources; meanwhile, the cooperative work of the rest heat conversion modules and the thermoelectric generation and energy storage module realizes the simultaneous conversion and storage of waste heat resources to heat energy and electric energy so as to meet the requirements of household kitchen heat and small-sized electric appliances.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of the combined household waste heat and energy storage system of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-an electric heater; 2-a temperature sensor; 3-a controller; 4-a heat storage container; 5-a thermoelectric material; 6-preheating pipeline; 7-a heat pipe; 8, a voltage stabilizer; 9-a storage battery; 10-using a hot end; 11-water (gas) source; 12-waste heat resources; 13-electrical equipment;
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a household waste heat recycling and energy storage system provided by the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When the electric heating or gas equipment works, a heating plate or smoke heats a cooker, and a large amount of waste heat energy is diffused all around and is transmitted to the stove frame. The invention provides a household waste heat collecting and energy storing combined system.A waste heat recovery module comprises at least one set of heat pipes 7, one end of each heat pipe 7 is connected to each heat source by taking a high-temperature base or a wall surface of electric or gas equipment during or after working as the heat source, and the number and the arrangement mode of the heat pipes are determined by the total number of the heat sources and the power of each heat source; the waste heat is transmitted to the thermoelectric material 5 through the heat pipe 7, the hot end of the thermoelectric material 5 is maintained at a higher temperature, and the heat is transmitted to the cold end of the thermoelectric material 5 through the thermoelectric material. The waste heat conversion module is characterized in that the heat storage container 4 is attached to the cold end of the thermoelectric material 5 to maintain the low-temperature state of the thermoelectric material, and long-acting temperature difference is formed between the waste heat conversion module and the hot end of the thermoelectric material 5, so that potential difference is generated; meanwhile, the heat storage container 4 is filled with a phase change medium and is provided with a reinforced heat transfer structure, and heat is finally transferred to the heat storage container 4 and stored in the phase change medium in the form of phase change latent heat; the preheating pipeline 6 can be used for food processing processes such as rinsing, unfreezing, baking and the like, the preheating pipeline 6 is arranged in the heat storage container 4 and is buried in a phase change medium, and a serial or parallel connection mode can be adopted according to the relation between the requirement of a heat end and the heat power of the heat storage container; the controller 3 can realize the accurate regulation and control of the temperature of the hot end by matching with the electric heater 1 according to the signal transmitted by the temperature sensor 2, thereby achieving the purpose of energy conservation. In the thermoelectric power generation and energy storage module, the thermoelectric material 5 generates current by utilizing the potential difference and stores electric energy in the storage battery 9, and the voltage stabilizer 8 can maintain the stability of charging voltage and current; depending on the scale of the heat source and the different use schemes of the electric energy, the storage battery 9 can adopt the independent arrangement or the split design of a plurality of groups of storage batteries, and the storage battery 9 can be connected with a plurality of groups of small-sized electric appliances 13 to provide a stable direct-current power supply for the operation.
Preferably, the structure of the heat pipe is not limited, and includes a heat pipe with a capillary structure or a siphon heat pipe for heat transfer in a vertical direction; meanwhile, the heat pipes can be arranged in series and in parallel according to the quality of waste heat resources in a gradient manner so as to realize the gradient utilization of the heat energy of the preheating conversion module; the connection of the heat pipe, the waste heat energy generating unit and the hot end of the thermoelectric material can adopt an integrated molding design, a split type bonding or a quick joint connection mode so as to meet the requirements of different application environments and different heat transmission distances.
Preferably, the phase-change medium heat storage container can adopt an enhanced heat transfer structure inside, such as inner fins, porous foams and the like, can adopt a multi-group series or parallel connection mode together with the preheating pipeline, and can also adopt an enhanced heat exchange structure outside the preheating pipeline, so that the heat transfer efficiency between the phase-change medium heat storage container and the preheating pipeline is enhanced.
Preferably, the thermoelectric generation and energy storage module can be configured with independent storage batteries with different capacities according to different positions, heat fluxes, use frequencies and the like of waste heat resources, and can be provided with independent power utilization devices according to different capacities or continuously provide stable direct current power supplies for small-sized power utilization equipment through circuit connection.
The present invention does not describe in detail the automatic control circuits conventionally configured in the electric heater, the controller, the temperature sensor, the voltage regulator.
The embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the patent, and those skilled in the art may make modifications to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the patent.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a domestic waste heat is recycled and energy storage system which characterized in that: the system at least comprises a waste heat recovery module, a thermoelectric generation and energy storage module and a waste heat conversion module. The waste heat recovery module mainly comprises a heat pipe, wherein one end of the heat pipe collects waste heat energy from a household heat source and realizes short-distance transmission through the heat pipe, and the other end of the heat pipe is connected to the hot end of the thermoelectric material. The waste heat recovery module can adopt a plurality of sets of heat pipes to be matched with thermoelectric materials, and is arranged in series and parallel according to different forms and waste heat resource quality to realize gradient recovery. The thermoelectric power generation and energy storage module comprises thermoelectric materials, a storage battery and a voltage stabilizer, partial heat generated by the heat source is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric materials and is stably stored in the storage battery, and the storage battery can further provide reliable direct-current power supply for household small-sized electric equipment. The waste heat conversion module comprises a heat storage container, a preheating pipeline, an electric heater, a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the heat storage container is filled with a phase change medium and is attached to the cold ends of the thermoelectric materials so as to maintain the temperature difference of the thermoelectric materials; the preheating pipeline is connected into the heat storage container in series or in parallel and is coated in the phase change medium, and the heat energy stored in the heat storage container can preheat the fluid in the preheating pipeline.
2. The household waste heat recycling and energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the phase-change medium container is filled with the phase-change medium and is provided with the enhanced heat transfer structure, the phase-change medium container and the arrangement of the waste heat resource and the preheating pipeline are optimized comprehensively, and the phase-change medium container can be connected into the preheating pipeline in a serial or parallel mode.
3. The household waste heat recycling and energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the controller can realize the temperature regulation of the hot end and achieve the energy-saving effect by feedback regulation of the temperature sensor and matching with the electric heater.
4. The household waste heat recycling and energy storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thermoelectric generation and energy storage module can arrange independent storage batteries with different capacities according to different positions, heat fluxes, use frequencies and the like of waste heat resources, and can set up independent power utilization devices according to different capacities or continuously provide stable direct-current power supplies for small-sized power utilization equipment through circuit connection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011441649.9A CN112539444B (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Household waste heat recycling and energy storage system |
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| CN202011441649.9A CN112539444B (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2020-12-11 | Household waste heat recycling and energy storage system |
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| CN112539444A true CN112539444A (en) | 2021-03-23 |
| CN112539444B CN112539444B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113871506A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-12-31 | 西安交通大学 | Photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling power generation system and method based on aerogel heat insulation and phase change temperature control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113871506A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2021-12-31 | 西安交通大学 | Photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling power generation system and method based on aerogel heat insulation and phase change temperature control |
| CN113871506B (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2024-04-09 | 西安交通大学 | Aerogel heat insulation and phase change temperature control-based photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling power generation system and method |
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| CN112539444B (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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