CN112536428B - Production method of phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm large-scale stripping electroslag ingot - Google Patents
Production method of phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm large-scale stripping electroslag ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN112536428B CN112536428B CN202011397030.2A CN202011397030A CN112536428B CN 112536428 B CN112536428 B CN 112536428B CN 202011397030 A CN202011397030 A CN 202011397030A CN 112536428 B CN112536428 B CN 112536428B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
- B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm large-scale stripping electroslag ingot, which solves the problems of shrinkage cavity, serious segregation and high-power inclusion inside the large-scale electroslag ingot with the diameter of phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm, and slag leakage and steel flow generated in the process of producing stripping. The specific technical measures are that reasonable technological parameters such as melting speed parameters, swing parameters, filling ratio parameters, slag systems and the like are selected in the electroslag remelting process; an electrode blank with a proper filling ratio is selected, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of molten drops dropping from the side close to a crystallizer substitute a large amount of heat to cause surface defects such as slag leakage and heavy skin in the ingot drawing process is avoided; the slag system is provided with a certain proportion of silicon dioxide, so that the friction force between the surface slag crust and the inner wall of the crystallizer is reduced in the ingot drawing process, and the toughness of the slag system after cooling is improved. The invention ensures that no shrinkage cavity and serious segregation exist in the electroslag ingot, ensures that high-power inclusions meet the product standard requirement and is beneficial to avoiding the phenomena of slag leakage and steel flowing in the ingot drawing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electroslag remelting, and particularly relates to a method for producing a large-scale ingot drawing type electroslag ingot with the diameter of phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm, wherein the diameter of the produced electroslag ingot is phi 1600mm and phi 1750mm respectively, and the steel grade is 718.
Background
With the increasing size of large forgings, the steel ingot is required to have larger size and weight, so that the phenomena of component segregation, solidification defects and the like are increased continuously, electroslag remelting is an effective method for improving the problems, and the electroslag remelting process enables the interior of metal to have high purity, compact structure and uniform components. However, compared with a smaller ingot type, the large electroslag ingot has the advantages that the solidification effect caused by the increase of the diameter of the electroslag ingot is weakened, and the central shrinkage cavity and the loosening grade in the steel ingot are influenced, so that the casting quality and the stability are influenced. At present, a traditional solid ingot type crystallizer is mostly adopted for producing large electroslag ingots, but the height of the produced electroslag ingots is limited by a crystallizer tool, if the solid ingot type crystallizer with extremely high height is used for remelting the large electroslag ingots with large weight, the tool cost is extremely high, and after the solid ingot type crystallizer is used for a long time, the copper inner wall of the crystallizer is easy to deform, and the subsequent maintenance cost is higher; even if the combined type solid ingot type crystallizer is adopted, the assembled crystallizer occupies a large amount of production time in the production operation process, and the combined type solid ingot type crystallizer has extremely high manufacturing cost. The large-scale stripping type crystallizer can solve the problem that the solid ingot type crystallizer produces electroslag ingots, the length of the electroslag ingots is not limited by the height of the crystallizer, the maximization of the length of the electroslag ingots can be realized as long as the stroke of the bottom water tank is enough, and the yield is high. However, the production difficulty of the large-scale stripping crystallizer is high, stripping is easy to generate slag leakage and steel flowing in the long-time electroslag remelting process, supporting arm exchange is needed when large-tonnage electroslag ingots are smelted, the stripping is particularly at the high-occurrence moment of slag leakage and steel flowing, electroslag remelting cannot continue due to light conditions, and equipment can be damaged greatly in serious conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a production method of a phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm large-scale stripping electroslag ingot, which solves the problems of slag leakage and steel flow in the stripping process of the large-scale electroslag ingot with the diameter of phi 1600 mm-phi 1850 mm.
The invention relates to a process research and development for carrying out electroslag remelting of an electroslag ingot phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm by a series of ingot drawing crystallizers on a steel grade 718, and the process comprises the following specific steps and methods:
the process comprises the following steps of an electroslag remelting process route:
continuous casting of round billets, cutting of electrode billets by a band saw, shot blasting of the surfaces of the electrode billets, welding of the electrode billets, electroslag remelting in a drawing crystallizer with the diameter of 1600mm and inspection of finished products after forging;
continuous casting round billet, cutting of electrode billet by band saw, shot blasting of electrode billet surface, welding of electrode billet, electroslag remelting in a drawing crystallizer with the diameter of phi 1850mm, and inspection of finished products after forging.
And the electrode blank adopts a phi 700 mm-phi 800mm continuous casting round blank.
Preparing continuous casting round billets according to the length multiple needed by each group of electrode billets, and then cutting the round billets through a belt saw; and in the smelting process, the band saw end faces downwards, and the hot cutting end of the continuous casting billet is welded.
After the electrode blank is cut by the belt saw, shot blasting treatment is needed, and the surface of the electrode blank is free of rust, oxide skin and the like.
Fifthly, electroslag remelting:
phi 1600mm ingot-drawing type crystallizer production:
setting the melting speed to be 1250 kg/h-1420 kg/h;
the swing is set to be 1.5% -3.0%;
the slag system is set as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝35～45：20～28：15～25:1～8:2～9；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is increased by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is increased by 1 to 6 percent;
setting ingot drawing parameters: ingot pulling speed: 1.6 mm/min-3.3 mm/min; ingot pulling step length: 1.5 mm-4.5 mm.
Phi 1850mm ingot-drawing crystallizer:
setting the melting speed to 1370 kg/h-1550 kg/h;
the swing is set to be 1.5% -3.0%;
the slag system is set as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝35～45：20～28：15～25:1～8:2～9；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is improved by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is improved by 1 to 6 percent;
setting ingot drawing parameters: ingot pulling speed: 1.6 mm/min-3.3 mm/min; ingot pulling step length: 1.5 mm-4.5 mm.
Sixthly, after the electroslag ingot is smelted, slowly cooling in a crystallizer for 6-9 hours; after the slow cooling is finished, the forging is carried out in a red-turning forging process.
The invention has the following mechanism analysis and invention points:
on the basis of utilizing an electroslag remelting principle, reasonable melting speed parameters, swing setting parameters, filling ratio parameters, slag systems and other process parameters are selected in the electroslag remelting process, so that no shrinkage cavity and serious segregation are generated in an electroslag ingot, and high-power inclusions are ensured to meet the product standard requirement; and an electrode blank with a proper filling ratio is selected, so that surface defects of slag leakage, heavy skin and the like caused by substitution of a large amount of dropped molten drops into a large amount of heat at the side close to the crystallizer in the ingot drawing process are avoided; the slag system is provided with a certain proportion of silicon dioxide, so that the friction force between the surface slag crust and the inner wall of the crystallizer is reduced in the ingot drawing process, the toughness of the cooled slag system is increased, and the phenomena of slag leakage and steel flowing in the ingot drawing process are avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the large electroslag ingot is subjected to electroslag remelting by the ingot drawing type crystallizer with the diameter phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm, and the inner quality of the large electroslag ingot is good. The finished product has low power: the medium pine is 0.5 grade, the loose is 0.5 grade, and high-power inclusion reaches: a is fine: grade 0.5, coarse a: grade 0.5, B fine: grade 0.5, coarse B: grade 0.5, C fine: grade 0, coarse C: grade 0, D fine: grade 0.5, coarse: grade 0.5; the uniformity of the components in the same section is higher.
And the height of the ingot drawing crystallizer is only 1-2 m, and the height of the electroslag ingot is 4-6 m. The height of the electroslag ingot is not limited by the height of the crystallizer, so that the purchasing cost and the later maintenance cost of the crystallizer tool are reduced while the yield of the electroslag ingot is greatly improved.
The material yield of the electroslag ingot is greatly improved, the electroslag ingot with the maximum length is smelted according to the equipment stroke, the material yield of the electroslag ingot is effectively improved by increasing the length of the electroslag ingot under the condition that the cutting amount of the head and the tail of the electroslag ingot is certain, and the method has great economic benefit.
And fourthly, in the stripping process of electroslag remelting, the melting speed is set to be constant, the smelting liquid level is kept at the same horizontal plane, the smelted electroslag ingots are ensured to be in the same cooling condition in the whole stripping process, and the consistency of the internal crystallizer structure of the electroslag ingots is ensured.
And fifthly, by adopting the continuous casting electrode blank, the cost can be greatly reduced, and the continuous casting blank is lower in cost than the die casting electrode blank and has higher blank forming rate and extremely high economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The details are described and illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
Producing steel grade: 718, production specification: phi 1850mm x 4400 mm.
1. Process route
Continuous casting round billet-electrode billet band saw cutting-electrode billet surface shot blasting-electrode billet welding-phi 1850mm ingot-drawing type crystallizer for electroslag remelting-finished product inspection after forging
2. Electrode blank preparation
The electrode blank adopts a continuous casting round blank with the diameter of 800mm, 6 groups of electrode blanks are adopted for electroslag remelting, and the length of each group of electrode blanks is 3.6 meters; the continuous casting billet is subjected to shot blasting treatment, and the surface of the continuous casting billet is free of rust and oxide skin; each electrode blank is welded with a fire cutting end face of a continuous casting blank, the other end of the electrode blank is a band saw end face, and when the support arm is exchanged, the band saw end face firstly enters the furnace, so that no oxide is introduced by adopting the method, and the oxidation of furnace slag is avoided.
3. Electroslag remelting
Setting the melting speed to 1370 kg/h-1550 kg/h;
secondly, setting the swing to be 1.5%;
thirdly, setting the slag system as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝45：28：20:5:2；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is improved by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is improved by 1 to 6 percent;
setting parameters of ingot drawing: ingot pulling speed: 1.6 mm/min-3.3 mm/min; ingot pulling step length: 1.5 mm-4.5 mm.
4. Slow cooling of electroslag ingot
After the electroslag ingot is smelted, slowly cooling operation is carried out in a crystallizer, and the slowly cooling time is 9 hours; after slow cooling is finished, the red-turning forging process is used for forging, and the surface of the electroslag ingot is good.
5. Inspection of forged products
Firstly, low-fold result: the center is loose by 0.5 grade, and the center is loose by 0.5 grade generally;
testing high power level according to GB/T10561:
| sampling site | A is coarse | A is fine | B coarse | B is thin | C coarse | C fine | D coarse | D thin | Ds |
| Electroslag ingot head | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Electroslag ingot tail | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
And thirdly, the module carries out ultrasonic flaw detection according to the SEP1921 standard, and meets the requirements of 3 groups of E/E-level standards.
Example 2
Producing steel grade: 718, production specification: phi 1600mm x 2500 mm.
1. Process route
Continuous casting round billet-electrode billet band saw cutting-electrode billet surface shot blasting-electrode billet welding-phi
Carrying out electroslag remelting-forging on a 1600mm ingot-drawing crystallizer to inspect a finished product;
2. electrode blank preparation
The electrode blank adopts a continuous casting round blank phi 800mm, 3 groups of electrode blanks are adopted for electroslag remelting, and the length of each group of electrode blanks is 3.6 meters; the continuous casting billet is subjected to shot blasting treatment, and the surface of the continuous casting billet is free of rust and oxide skin; each electrode blank is welded with a fire cutting end face of a continuous casting blank, the other end of the electrode blank is a band saw end face, and when the support arm is exchanged, the band saw end face firstly enters the furnace, so that no oxide is introduced by adopting the method, and the oxidation of furnace slag is avoided.
3. Electroslag remelting
Setting the melting speed to 1250 kg/h-1420 kg/h;
secondly, setting the swing to be 1.5%;
setting slag system as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝45：28：20:5:2；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is improved by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is improved by 1 to 6 percent;
setting parameters of ingot withdrawal: ingot pulling speed: 1.6 mm/min-3.3 mm/min; ingot pulling step length: 1.5 mm-4.5 mm.
4. Slow cooling of electroslag ingot
After the electroslag ingot is smelted, slowly cooling operation is carried out in a crystallizer, and the slowly cooling time is 8 hours; after the slow cooling is finished, the forging is carried out in a red-turning forging process, and the surface of the electroslag ingot is good.
5. Inspection of forged products
The low-fold result is: the center is loose by 0.5, and the general loose by 0.5.
Testing high power level according to GB/T10561:
| sampling site | A is coarse | A is thin | B coarse | B is thin | C coarse | Fine diameter of C | D coarse | D is thin | Ds |
| Electroslag ingot head | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
| Electroslag ingot tail | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 |
And thirdly, the module performs ultrasonic flaw detection according to the SEP1921 standard, and meets 3 groups of E/E-level standard requirements.
Claims (3)
1. A production method of a phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm large-scale stripping electroslag ingot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the manufacturing process comprises the following steps of:
continuous casting round billet-electrode billet band saw cutting-electrode billet surface shot blasting-electrode billet welding-drawing crystallizer with phi 1600mm or phi 1850mm to carry out electroslag remelting-finished product inspection after forging;
the electrode blank is a continuous casting round blank with the diameter of 700 mm-800 mm;
preparing continuous casting round billets according to the length multiple needed by each group of electrode billets, and then cutting the round billets through a belt saw; in the smelting process, the band saw end faces downwards, and the hot cutting end of the continuous casting billet is welded;
after the electrode blank is cut by the belt saw, shot blasting treatment is needed, and the surface of the electrode blank is ensured to be free of rust and oxide skin;
carrying out electroslag remelting:
phi 1600mm ingot-drawing type crystallizer production: setting the melting speed to be 1250 kg/h-1420 kg/h; production by a drawing ingot type crystallizer with phi 1850 mm: setting the melting speed to 1370 kg/h-1550 kg/h;
secondly, swing setting: 1.5 to 3.0 percent;
thirdly, setting the slag system as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝35～45：20～28：15～25:1～8:2～9；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is improved by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is improved by 1 to 6 percent;
setting parameters of ingot withdrawal: ingot pulling speed: 1.6 mm/min-3.3 mm/min; ingot pulling step length: 1.5 mm-4.5 mm;
sixthly, after electroslag ingot smelting is finished, slowly cooling in a crystallizer for 6-9 hours; after the slow cooling is finished, the forging is carried out in the red-turning forging process.
2. The method for producing large-scale ingot drawing electroslag ingot with phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
electroslag ingot steel grade: 718, specification: phi 1850mm x 4400 mm;
electrode blank: adopting 6 groups of continuous casting round billets with phi of 800mm, wherein the length of each group of electrode billets is 3.6 meters;
electroslag remelting: swing setting 1.5%;
the slag system is set as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝45：28：20:5:2；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is increased by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is increased by 1 to 6 percent;
slow cooling of the electroslag ingot: the slow cooling time is 9 h.
3. The method for producing large-scale ingot drawing electroslag ingot with phi 1600 mm-phi 1850mm according to claim 1, which is characterized in that:
electroslag ingot steel grade: 718, specification: phi 1600mm is multiplied by 2500 mm;
electrode blank: adopting 3 groups of continuous casting round billets with the diameter of 800mm, wherein the length of each group of electrode billets is 3.6 meters;
electroslag remelting: the swing setting is 1.5%;
the slag system is set as follows: CaF2：Al2O3：CaO：MgO：SiO2＝45：28：20:5:2；
Exchanging support arm parameters: the voltage is improved by 7 to 15 percent, and the resistance is improved by 1 to 6 percent;
slow cooling of the electroslag ingot: the slow cooling time is 8 h.
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Inventor after: Sun Xin Inventor after: Wang Li Inventor after: Song Guohui Inventor after: Jiao Qihui Inventor after: Fu Bo Inventor after: Cao Bin Inventor after: Yao Yudong Inventor after: Hu Yongcai Inventor after: Zhou Weiji Inventor after: Wu Peng Inventor after: Liu Peng Inventor before: Sun Xin Inventor before: Wang Li Inventor before: Song Guohui Inventor before: Jiao Qihui Inventor before: Fu Bo Inventor before: Cao Bin Inventor before: Yao Yudong Inventor before: Hu Youcai Inventor before: Zhou Weiji Inventor before: Wu Peng Inventor before: Liu Peng |