CN112536240A - Underground raw coal gangue discharge system - Google Patents

Underground raw coal gangue discharge system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112536240A
CN112536240A CN202011208976.XA CN202011208976A CN112536240A CN 112536240 A CN112536240 A CN 112536240A CN 202011208976 A CN202011208976 A CN 202011208976A CN 112536240 A CN112536240 A CN 112536240A
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Prior art keywords
gangue
coal
mineral aggregate
weighing
discharging
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CN202011208976.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112536240B (en
Inventor
李晖
王超
朱金波
张勇
杨科
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202011208976.XA priority Critical patent/CN112536240B/en
Priority to CN202111648387.8A priority patent/CN114515706B/en
Publication of CN112536240A publication Critical patent/CN112536240A/en
Priority to ZA2021/04235A priority patent/ZA202104235B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/03—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3416—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radiation transmissivity, e.g. for light, x-rays, particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/361—Processing or control devices therefor, e.g. escort memory
    • B07C5/362—Separating or distributor mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
    • B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

A downhole raw coal gangue discharge system comprising: the device comprises a material distribution queuing device, a coal and gangue identification device, a coal and gangue tracking unit and a coal and gangue separation device; the material distribution queuing device is used for inputting mineral aggregate into the coal gangue identification device; the coal and gangue identification device is used for measuring the volume and the weight of the mineral aggregate and identifying the mineral aggregate according to the volume and the weight; the coal and gangue tracking unit is used for tracking the identified mineral aggregate according to the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device; and the coal and gangue separating device is used for sorting the mineral aggregate identified by the coal and gangue identifying device according to the tracking result of the coal and gangue tracking unit. According to the invention, the coal and gangue tracking unit is arranged, after the coal and gangue are identified, the identified mineral aggregate is tracked in real time according to the coal and gangue identification result, and the mineral aggregate is controlled to be directionally conveyed according to the tracking result, so that the coal and gangue mixed blanking caused by the position change of the mineral aggregate is avoided, and the accurate separation after the coal and gangue identification is ensured.

Description

Underground raw coal gangue discharge system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal gangue sorting equipment, in particular to an underground raw coal gangue discharge system.
Background
The necessary means of coal mining when the gangue is removed from the raw coal, and the gangue identification and the gangue separation are essential in the gangue removal from the raw coal. Currently, the coal and gangue separation is mainly carried out in a photoelectric separation mode. The photoelectric sorting device has precise structure, complex operation and high requirement on environment. And gamma rays or X rays used by the photoelectric sorting device have the risk of radiation pollution, so that the protection measures are more complicated, and the design and installation of equipment are limited by limited space in the underground and cannot be operated underground. And after the coal and gangue are identified, the position changes in real time in the transportation process, so that the coal and gangue are easy to mix during blanking.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that a coal and gangue separation system working underground is lacked in the prior art, the invention provides an underground raw coal gangue discharge system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a downhole raw coal gangue discharge system comprising: the device comprises a material distribution queuing device, a coal and gangue identification device, a coal and gangue tracking unit and a coal and gangue separation device;
the material distribution queuing device is used for inputting mineral aggregate into the coal gangue identification device;
the coal and gangue identification device is used for measuring the volume and the weight of the mineral aggregate and identifying the mineral aggregate according to the volume and the weight;
the coal and gangue tracking unit is used for tracking the identified mineral aggregate according to the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device;
and the coal and gangue separating device is used for sorting the mineral aggregate identified by the coal and gangue identifying device according to the tracking result of the coal and gangue tracking unit.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, the coal and gangue tracking unit is arranged, after the coal and gangue are identified, the identified mineral aggregate is tracked in real time according to the coal and gangue identification result, and the mineral aggregate is controlled to be directionally conveyed according to the tracking result, so that the coal and gangue mixed blanking caused by the position change of the mineral aggregate is avoided, and the accurate separation after the coal and gangue identification is ensured.
(2) According to the invention, the volume of the mineral aggregate is obtained through liquid level measurement, the weight of the mineral aggregate is obtained through the weighing unit, and then the mineral aggregate is identified by combining the weight-volume ratio of the mineral aggregate. The coal gangue identification device adopts a simple principle, is not influenced by severe environments such as floating ash and the like, can accurately identify the coal gangue ratio, greatly improves the identification precision, has low requirement on the environment, and can work underground.
(3) The coal and gangue identification device provided by the invention realizes water recycling by adopting the circulating water tank and the dewatering screen, and the water consumption is extremely low, so that the problem of large amount of water is effectively avoided.
(4) The coal and gangue separating device controls the directional discharge of the coal and gangue by controlling the rotation angle of the cantilever screen bar, and has simple operation and high accuracy; and the coal and gangue separating device has simple and compact structure, is beneficial to reducing the occupied area and is convenient to arrange in an underground roadway.
(5) The invention relates to various action links which adopt modular design, different modules can be connected through structures such as a transmission belt, a chute and the like, the free arrangement of a system on the process and the space is realized, special requirements are generated on underground roadways and chambers of a coal mine, and the invention is suitable for the separation process of the underground narrow chamber space.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a high-precision coal and gangue identification system provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a partial plan view of a gangue identification device according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a gangue identification device according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 4 is an installation view of a first weighing cylinder structure employed in example 2;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a first high-precision coal gangue identification system provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the system shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a view showing a structure of a weighing cell in embodiment 3;
fig. 8 is a structural diagram of the rotary type coal and gangue identification device provided in embodiment 3 in a water filling state;
FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of the rotary type gangue identification device provided in embodiment 3 in a state of measuring the liquid level;
FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of the rotary type gangue identification device provided in the embodiment 3 in a discharging state;
FIG. 11 is a top view of a second high-precision coal gangue identification system according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a top view of a third high-precision coal gangue identification system provided by the invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the system shown in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a top view of the gangue separation apparatus with the first screen bar driving mechanism according to embodiment 6;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the gangue separation apparatus with the first screen bar driving mechanism according to embodiment 6;
FIG. 16 is a top view of the gangue separation apparatus with the second screen bar driving mechanism of example 6;
FIG. 17 is a front view of the first implementation of the apparatus of FIG. 16;
FIG. 18 is a front view of a second implementation of the device of FIG. 16;
FIG. 19 is a plan view of a gangue separating apparatus with a third screen bar driving mechanism according to embodiment 6
FIG. 20 is a front view of the gangue separation apparatus with the third screen bar driving mechanism according to embodiment 6;
FIG. 21 is a plan view of a gangue sorting apparatus according to embodiment 8;
FIG. 22 is a front view of the gangue sorting apparatus shown in FIG. 21;
FIG. 23 is a top view of the high-precision coal gangue identification system in the embodiment 8;
FIG. 24 is a front view of the high accuracy mine waste identification system of FIG. 23;
FIG. 25 is a front view of a multi-threaded gangue separation system as provided in example 10;
fig. 26 is a top view of the system shown in fig. 25.
The figure is as follows: 100. a cloth queuing device; 101. feeding into a hopper; 102. a star-shaped feeder; 103. a discharge chute; 104. supporting legs; 105. a vibration motor; 106. grading and screening; 107. sorting the flow channels; 108. a flow guiding and material distributing structure; 200. a coal and gangue identification device; 201. a circulating water tank; 202. dewatering screen; 211. a first cylinder; 212. an upper support tray; 213. a lower support disc; 214. a first weighing cylinder; 215. a first liquid level sensor; 216. a first weighing sensor; 217. a first rotating shaft; 218. an axial thrust bearing; 219. a first motor; 2110. a support link; 2111. an annular overlap edge; 2112. a first discharge solenoid valve; 2113. a first metering pump; 2114. a filtration barrier; 20a, a water injection area; 20b, a material adding area; 20c, a volume measurement zone; 20d, a discharging area; 2011. a turbid water chamber; 2012. a clear water chamber; 221. weighing a plate; 222. a scale basket; 223. a triangular tool; 224. a second load cell; 225. a second rotating shaft; 226. a support portion; 227. a second weighing cylinder; 228. a second metering pump; 229. a second motor; 2210. a second liquid level sensor; 2211. a water replenishing tank; 2013. an overflow trough; 300. a coal and gangue tracking unit; 301. a third transfer belt; 302. a camera; 303. a transshipment chute; 4110. cantilever screen bars; 411. a guide section; 412. a waste rock collecting bin; 413. a clean coal collecting bin; 414. a first support base; 415. a cantilever shaft; 4111. a first high pressure nozzle; 4112. a first air supply pipe; 4113. a first groove; 4114. a first air supply solenoid valve; 4115. a first return spring; 4116. a first push rod; 4121. a first pulley; 4122. a second push rod; 4123. a first extrusion stem; 4124. a first articulation link; 4131. fixing the rod; 4132. a third push rod; 4133. a second extrusion stem; 4134. a second pulley; 4135. a third pulley; 421. separating the bracket; 422. a fourth transfer belt; 423. a fifth transfer belt; 424. a deflector rod; 425. a second high pressure nozzle; 426. a second air supply solenoid valve; 427. a second return spring; 428. a second air supply pipe; 429. a baffle plate; 4210. a second groove; 431. a second conveyor belt; 432. a flow passage partition plate; 441. a drive chain; 4410. a chain groove; 442. a sixth transfer belt; 443. a seventh transfer belt; 444. a second discharge solenoid valve; 445. fixing the rotary roller; 446. tensioning roller; 51. a first transfer belt; 1. a base; 2. a wheel; 54. a second transport mechanism.
Detailed Description
Example 1: high-precision coal and gangue identification system
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a high-precision coal gangue identification system, including: a base 1, a material distribution queuing device 100 and a coal and gangue identification device 200.
The cloth queuing apparatus 100 includes: a hopper 101, a star feeder 102 and a first supporting foot 104.
The star feeder 102 is mounted on the base 1 through a first support leg 104, and the hopper 101 is provided on the star feeder 102. The top of the feeding hopper 101 is open, and the bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with a material outlet which is communicated with a mineral aggregate inlet of the star feeder 102. Therefore, the mineral aggregate in the feeding hopper 101 is discharged through the star-shaped feeder 102, and intermittent uniform discharging of the mineral aggregate is realized. In specific implementation, the feeding hopper 101 can be set to be of an upper-wide loading structure so as to facilitate the downward sliding of the mineral aggregate.
In this embodiment, the coal and gangue identification device 200 includes a rotary support frame, a water injection unit, a weighing unit, a liquid level detection device and a processing module. The rotation support frame rotates and installs on base 1, is provided with a plurality of loading units on the rotation support frame, and a plurality of loading units are along rotation direction evenly distributed of rotation support frame. Each loading unit comprises at least one container for loading liquid and mineral material.
A water injection area 20a, a material adding area 20b, a volume measuring area 20c and a discharging area 20d are sequentially arranged on the rotating track of the rotating support frame, and in the rotating process of the rotating support frame, each loading unit circularly passes through the water injection area 20a, the material adding area 20b, the volume measuring area 20c and the discharging area 20 d.
During the rotation of the rotating support frame, the loading unit injects a certain volume of clear water into the water injection area 20a through the water injection unit, the material addition area 20b is filled with mineral aggregate, and the material discharge area 20d discharges the mineral aggregate and the clear water. The weighing unit is used for acquiring the weight of the mineral aggregate filled into the loading unit; the level detecting means is used to detect the level value in the loading unit located in the volume measuring zone 20 c.
The processing module is used for acquiring the volume of clear water injected into the water injection area 20a by the loading unit, the liquid level value detected by the liquid level detection device and the weight of mineral aggregate in the loading unit detected by the weighing unit, calculating the volume of the mineral aggregate in the loading unit by combining the liquid level value and the clear water volume, and calculating the density of the mineral aggregate by combining the volume of the mineral aggregate and the weight of the mineral aggregate so as to judge whether the mineral aggregate is coal or gangue according to the density of the mineral aggregate.
Specifically, the processing module calculates the actual proportion B of the coal gangue in the mineral aggregate in the loading unit according to the following formula model 1.
Figure BDA0002758123040000051
Wherein V is the volume of the mineral aggregate, M is the mass of the mineral aggregate, X is the volume of clean coal contained in the mineral aggregate, Y is the volume of gangue contained in the mineral aggregate, ρ is the density of water, ρ ismeiIs the density of clean coal, ρganAnd m is the water content of clean coal in the mineral aggregate, and n is the water content of the gangue in the mineral aggregate.
In this embodiment, the volume of the clean water injected into the water injection region 20a by the loading unit can be obtained by means of liquid level detection, weighing, and the like, or the loading unit can be injected with water quantitatively in the water injection region 20a by means of a circulation metering pump, and the like. In this embodiment, the container in the loading unit of the material addition zone 20b may be positioned just below the output port of the star feeder 102 so that the loading unit of the material addition zone 20b is directly filled by the star feeder 102.
In specific implementation, a first transportation mechanism for transporting the mineral aggregate output by the star feeder 102 to the loading unit of the material adding area 20b and filling the mineral aggregate into a container can be further arranged on the base 1. For example, in this embodiment, the first transport mechanism includes a discharge chute 103 and a first conveyor belt 51. The discharge chute 103 is connected with the output end of the star feeder 102, and the first transmission belt 51 is arranged between the discharge chute 103 and the rotary support frame, and is used for transporting the mineral aggregate output by the star feeder 102 through the discharge chute 103 to the loading unit of the material adding area 20 b. In this embodiment, the discharging chute 103 is further provided with an excitation motor 105, so as to vibrate the discharging chute 103, thereby avoiding blanking blockage. The excitation direction of the excitation motor 105 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the mineral aggregate, so that the mineral aggregate is fully dispersed, and the mineral aggregate enters the discharge chute 103 in order.
In this embodiment, the first conveying belt 51 is a partition conveying belt, so that the mineral aggregates are input into the loading unit in a grid-by-grid manner. Through the setting to the functioning speed of first transmission belt 51, baffle interval, can make the mineral aggregate output speed of first transmission belt 51 and the slew velocity phase-match of rotation support frame, guarantee that a check mineral aggregate corresponds a loading unit to the realization avoids the mineral aggregate unrestrained to the accurate measurement of mineral aggregate.
In specific implementation, in this embodiment, the star feeder 102 may also be deleted, so that the feeding hopper 101 directly discharges the mineral aggregate onto the first conveying belt; alternatively, the discharge chute 103 is arranged on the input hopper 101, so that the input hopper 101 discharges the mineral aggregate uniformly onto the first conveyor belt through the discharge chute 103.
In this embodiment, the gangue identifying device 200 further includes a circulation water tank 201 and a dewatering screen 202, the circulation water tank 201 is disposed on the base 1 and is used for supplying water to the water injection unit, and the dewatering screen 202 is disposed above the circulation water tank 201 and below the loading unit on the discharging area 20 d. Therefore, the water injection unit obtains clean water from the circulating water tank 201 and injects the clean water into the loading unit of the water injection area 20a, the loading unit moves to the unloading area 20d and discharges the clean water towards the dewatering screen 202, the dewatering screen 202 separates mineral materials from the clean water, and the clean water returns to the circulating water tank 201 through the dewatering screen 202, so that the clean water is recycled. In this embodiment, dewatering screen 202 slope sets up, so, has made things convenient for the unloading of the mineral aggregate of holding back on dewatering screen 202, avoids dewatering screen 202 bearing risk.
In this embodiment, the loading units located on the same circular rotation track are referred to as a loading queue, and the corresponding star feeder 102 and the loading queue are referred to as a weighing mechanism. During specific implementation, a plurality of weighing mechanisms can be arranged in parallel, the plurality of weighing mechanisms can be respectively provided with the corresponding feeding hopper, the circulating water tank 201, the dewatering screen 202 and the like, and the feeding hopper, the circulating water tank 201, the dewatering screen 202 and the like can also be shared.
In specific implementation, in this embodiment, a classifying screen 106 for screening mineral materials with different particle sizes may be disposed in the feeding hopper 101, a plurality of outlets corresponding to mineral materials with different particle sizes are disposed on the feeding hopper 101, and each of the outlets is correspondingly provided with the star feeder 102 and the coal and gangue identification device. In this way, the mineral aggregates with different particle sizes are screened and separately conveyed by the classifying screen 106, and each star feeder 102 is used for conveying the mineral aggregates discharged from the corresponding hopper 101 inlet to a corresponding coal and gangue identification device or a loading queue for coal and gangue identification, so that each coal and gangue identification device is used for identifying the mineral aggregates registered with the specified particle size.
Example 2: coal gangue identification device
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the present embodiment shows a structure of the coal gangue identification device in embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the rotary supporting frame includes a first rotating shaft 217 vertically disposed and a loading frame connected to the first rotating shaft 217 and rotating synchronously with the first rotating shaft 217. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a first motor 219 for driving the first shaft 217 to rotate is connected to the first shaft. The bottom end of the first rotating shaft 217 is further provided with an axial thrust bearing 218 to ensure smooth rotation thereof. In this embodiment, the base 1 is further provided with a first cylinder 211, and the top of the first cylinder 211 is open. The first rotating shaft 217 is disposed in the first cylinder 211 through an axial thrust bearing 218, and the loading units are also all located in the first cylinder 211. In this way, when the material distributing queuing apparatus 100 injects the mineral aggregate into the loading unit of the material adding area 20b, the mineral aggregate which does not fall into the first weighing cylinder 214 can be collected by the first cylinder 211, and the mineral aggregate is prevented from falling around. In this embodiment, the first motor 219 is connected to the first cylinder 211 via a connecting rod or the like and is located on top of the first rotating shaft 217. The loading unit consists of one or more first weighing cylinders 214 arranged on a loading ledge. Specifically, as shown in the drawings, in the present embodiment, each loading unit includes two first weighing cylinders 214 arranged side by side.
Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a first discharging solenoid valve 2112 is provided at the bottom of each first weighing cylinder 214, and when the loading unit rotates to the discharging area 20d along with the first rotating shaft 217, the corresponding first discharging solenoid valve 2112 on the first weighing cylinder 214 is opened to discharge. In this embodiment, the first discharging solenoid valve 2112 is disposed at the bottom of the first weighing cylinder 214, and the lower end of the first weighing cylinder 214 is disposed with a tapered outlet, so as to ensure that the first weighing cylinder 214 is completely discharged when the first discharging solenoid valve 2112 is opened.
In this embodiment, the loading bracket includes an upper supporting plate 212 and a lower supporting plate 213, and the upper supporting plate 212 and the lower supporting plate 213 are horizontally sleeved on the first rotating shaft 217. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the upper support disc 212 and the lower support disc 213 are both annular plates and are disposed concentrically with the first rotating shaft 217. The upper support plate 212 and the first rotary shaft 217, and the lower support plate 213 and the first rotary shaft 217 are connected by support links 2110. The support link 2110 extends radially along the first rotating shaft 217.
The upper support plate 212 and the lower support plate 213 are provided with through holes corresponding to each first weighing cylinder 214 in position in the vertical direction for fixing the first weighing cylinders 214. And the diameter of the through hole arranged on the lower supporting disc 213 is slightly larger than the diameter of the weighing cylinder, so that the influence of the interaction force between the lower supporting disc 213 and the first weighing cylinder 214 on the weighing accuracy is prevented, and the weighing cylinder is prevented from deflecting. Specifically, in this embodiment, an annular ledge 2111 extending outward is provided at the upper end of the first weighing cylinder 214, and the annular ledge 2111 is provided to prevent the first weighing cylinder 214 from falling off, thereby reinforcing the supporting limit of the upper supporting plate 212 on the first weighing cylinder 214.
Referring to fig. 5, on the basis of the present embodiment, in embodiment 1, the weighing unit includes a plurality of first weighing cells 216, the plurality of first weighing cells 216 respectively correspond to the first weighing cylinders 214, the first weighing cells 216 are all disposed on the upper support plate 212 and located at the periphery of the corresponding first weighing cylinder 214, and the overlap edge of the first weighing cylinder 214 abuts against the corresponding first weighing cell 216. In specific implementation, the first weighing sensor 216 is an annular axial weighing sensor, and is sleeved on the periphery of the corresponding first weighing cylinder 214. The liquid level detection device comprises two first liquid level sensors 215, wherein the two first liquid level sensors 215 are arranged at the top of the first barrel 211, respectively correspond to the water injection area 20a and the volume measurement area 20c, and are respectively used for detecting the clear water volume of the first weighing barrel 214 after water injection in the water injection area 20a and the mixed volume of mineral aggregate and water in the volume measurement area 20 c.
On the basis of the present embodiment, in embodiment 1, the water injection unit includes the first metering pump 2113 and the shower head provided on the base 1 and used for injecting water into the first weighing cylinder 214 of the water injection region 20 a. The spray header is communicated with the circulating water tank 201 through a first metering pump 2113 so as to realize quantitative water injection to the first weighing cylinder 214.
On the basis of the present embodiment, in embodiment 1, a filtering interlayer 2114 is disposed in the circulation water tank 201, the filtering interlayer 2114 separates the circulation water tank 201 into a turbid water chamber 2011 and a clear water chamber 2012, the dewatering screen 202 is disposed above the turbid water chamber 2011, and the clear water chamber 2012 is used for supplying water to the water injection unit. So, the muddy water that breaks away from through dewatering screen 202 gets into muddy water room 2011, and the water in muddy water room 2011 filters the back through the interlayer and supplyes clear water room 2012, has guaranteed promptly to the cyclic utilization of clear water, has avoided the risk that the water injection unit is blockked up again.
Example 3: rotary wheel type coal gangue identification device
This embodiment shows another structure of the gangue identifying apparatus in embodiment 1.
Referring to fig. 7 to 11, in the present embodiment, the rotation support frame includes: a second rotating shaft 225. The second rotating shaft 225 is horizontally installed on the base 1 and connected with a second motor 229 for driving the rotation thereof. Second weighing cylinders 227 as loading units are provided on the second rotating shaft 225 and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of rotation thereof, and the second weighing cylinders 227 rotate in synchronization with the second rotating shaft 225. The opening direction of the second scale drum 227 is the same as the rotation direction of the second rotating shaft 225, and the second scale drum 227 located in the water injection region 20a is located in the circulation water tank 201. Thus, as the second rotating shaft 225 rotates, when the second scale drum 227 enters the circulating water tank 201 and the motion track of the second scale drum 227 is submerged, the second scale drum 227 is also a water filling process during the rotation process along with the second rotating shaft 225.
In this embodiment, because water circulates between the circulation water tank 201 and the second scale drum 227 all the time, and the second scale drum 227 is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second rotating shaft 225, it can be ensured that the water injection volume of the second scale drum 227 is the same each time, and thus the quantitative setting of the water injection volume of the second scale drum 227 is realized by adjusting the water level in the circulation water tank 201.
In this embodiment, by setting the opening direction of the second weighing drum 227, after the opening of the second weighing drum 227 is higher than the water level in the circulation water tank 201, the volume of the second weighing drum 227 is gradually increased on the running track with a certain length, that is, the material adding area 20 b. Thus, by setting the rotation speed of the second rotating shaft 225 and the discharging time interval of the material distributing queuing device 100 relative to the rotation speed of the second rotating shaft 225, it can be ensured that the second weighing cylinder 227 enters the material adding area 20b and then is filled with mineral materials through the material distributing queuing device 100, so as to ensure that no water overflows after the mineral materials are filled in the second weighing cylinder 227.
Specifically, in embodiment 1, the filling timing of the second weighing cylinder 227, that is, the position of the second weighing cylinder 227 on the motion trajectory when filling is started, can be controlled by setting the length of the discharge chute 103, the speed of the first conveying belt, and the feeding time interval of the star feeder 102. Specifically, in this embodiment, the opening directions of the second scale drum 227 are all tangential directions of the rotation locus circle.
In this embodiment, the second rotating shaft 225 is sleeved with a supporting portion 226 having a four-corner star-shaped column structure and being rotationally symmetric, and each outer edge of the supporting portion 226 is provided with an outer side plate. The bevel between the outer edge and the inner edge on the support 226 is referred to as an edge bevel, the edge bevel opposite to the outer panel is referred to as an opposite bevel, the edge bevel between the outer panel and the corresponding opposite bevel is referred to as a connection bottom, and the opposite ends of the outer panel are respectively provided with a first connection side panel and a second connection side panel; the outer side plate cooperates with the corresponding opposing inclined surface, connecting bottom surface, first connecting side plate and second connecting side plate to form a second weighing cylinder 227. In this embodiment, the outer plates are parallel to the corresponding opposing inclined surfaces.
Referring to fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the weighing unit includes: a scale plate 221, a scale basket 222, and a second load cell 224. The scale frame is arranged on the base 1, and the scale plate 221 is arranged on the scale frame and is positioned between the cloth queuing device 100 and the second rotating shaft 225. The weighing plate 221 is disposed obliquely, with its high end facing the material distribution queuing apparatus 100 and its bottom end facing the second rotating shaft 225 and corresponding to the opening of the second weighing cylinder 227 located in the material adding region 20 b. The mineral aggregate output from the distribution queuing apparatus 100 slides through the scale plate 221 into the second weighing cylinder 227 located in the material addition region 20 b. A second load cell 224 is provided within the scale frame for weighing the scale plate 221 to count the weight of mineral material passing through the scale plate 221. Specifically, the second load cell 224 can be disposed at the bottom of the scale plate 221, and a straight bar can be disposed at the bottom of the scale plate 221 to abut against the second load cell 224, so that the scale plate 221 applies force to the second load cell.
In a specific implementation, a flexible connection, such as an elastic pad, is disposed between the scale plate 221 and the scale frame 222 to ensure the measurement accuracy of the second load cell 224. The lower surface of the scale plate 221 can be further provided with a triangular tool 223, the triangular tool 223 is of a right-angle structure, the inclined surface of the triangular tool is attached to the scale plate 221, and the surface on the horizontal plane of the triangular tool directly or indirectly abuts against the second weighing sensor 224 so as to ensure accurate measurement of the load of the scale plate 221.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the second load cell 224 is a cantilever load cell, and a cantilever thereof abuts against the triangular tooling 223 from below.
Referring to fig. 11, in the embodiment 1, based on the present embodiment, the processor calculates the weight of the mineral aggregate entering the second weighing cylinder 227 through the scale 221 according to the detection value of the second load cell 224.
The rotary wheel type coal and gangue identification device of the embodiment is further provided with a water replenishing tank 2211 and an overflow groove 2013. The circulating water tank 201 is provided with an overflow port, and the overflow groove 2013 is connected between the circulating water tank 201 and the water replenishing tank 2211 and used for conveying water overflowing from the overflow port of the circulating water tank 201 to the water replenishing tank 2211 for storage. Specifically, a second metering pump 228 for conveying water in the water replenishing tank 2211 back to the circulating water tank 201 is further arranged between the water replenishing tank 2211 and the circulating water tank 201, so that the water resource can be recycled.
On the basis of the present embodiment, in embodiment 1, the liquid level detection apparatus employs the second liquid level sensor 2210 mounted on the base 1 through a support structure for detecting the liquid level in the second scale drum 227 when the outer panel is vertical, for the convenience of calculation.
Example 4: coal gangue sorting system
The system in this embodiment includes a coal and gangue identification device and a coal and gangue sorting device, and the coal and gangue identification device may specifically adopt the coal and gangue identification device provided in embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, or may also adopt an r-ray coal and gangue identification device. The coal and gangue sorting device is used for respectively conveying the coal and the gangue identified by the coal and gangue identification device 200 to an appointed position.
In specific implementation, the system in this embodiment may further include a material distribution queuing device, that is, a gangue sorting device is added on the basis of embodiment 1, so as to obtain the system in this embodiment.
Example 5: coal gangue sorting device
Referring to fig. 12 and 13, a concrete structure of the gangue sorting device in embodiment 4 is shown in this embodiment. This coal gangue sorting device includes: and a gangue flow passage and a clean coal flow passage are arranged on the second conveying belt 431 which is arranged on the base 1 in parallel.
Specifically, when the gangue identifying device identifies the mineral aggregate as clean coal, the mineral aggregate is discharged onto the clean coal runner of the second conveyor belt 431; when the gangue identification means identifies the mineral aggregate as gangue, the mineral aggregate is discharged onto the gangue flow path of the second conveyor belt 431. With the movement of the second conveyor belt 431, the clean coal on the clean coal runner and the gangue on the gangue runner are respectively conveyed to designated positions.
In this embodiment, a flow path partition 432 may be provided on the second conveyor belt 431 along the movement direction thereof to separate the gangue flow path from the clean coal flow path.
Specifically, when the coal and gangue identification device shown in embodiment 2 is adopted in embodiment 1, a middle partition plate may be further disposed on the dewatering screen 202 to divide the dewatering screen 202 into two sides respectively corresponding to the clean coal runner and the gangue runner; when the processor identifies that the mineral aggregate in the first weighing cylinder 214 is clean coal, the first discharging electromagnetic valve 2112 is opened for discharging when the first weighing cylinder 214 moves to one side of the dewatering screen 202 corresponding to the clean coal runner; when the processor identifies that the mineral aggregate in the first weighing cylinder 214 is gangue, the first discharging solenoid valve 2112 is opened for discharging when the first weighing cylinder 214 moves to the side of the dewatering screen 202 corresponding to the gangue flow passage.
Specifically, when the gangue identification apparatus shown in embodiment 3 is used in embodiment 1, a transition mechanism may be further disposed between the dewatering screen 202 and the second conveyor belt 431, and specifically, the transition mechanism may be a mechanical arm controlled by a processor of the gangue identification apparatus, so that the mechanical arm is controlled by the processor to move the mineral aggregate to a corresponding clean coal runner or gangue runner after the mineral aggregate is dewatered by the dewatering screen 202 according to the mineral aggregate identification result. The transition mechanism can also be arranged to be installed in a high-end rotating mode, the low end is installed in a sliding mode and is located on a sliding rail between the dewatering screen 202 and the second conveying belt 431, the high end of the sliding rail faces the dewatering screen 202, the low end of the sliding rail faces the conveying belt, and two ends of a motion track of the low end of the sliding rail correspond to the gangue flow channel and the clean coal flow channel respectively. When the lower end of the slide rail slides to one side of the gangue flow channel, the mineral aggregate on the dewatering screen 202 enters the gangue flow channel through the slide rail; when the lower end of the slide rail slides to one side of the clean coal runner, the mineral aggregate on the dewatering screen 202 enters the clean coal runner through the slide rail. During specific implementation, the processor in the coal and gangue identification device can control the slide rail driving motor to adjust the position of the lower end of the slide rail, so that the slide rail position can be adjusted according to the mineral aggregate identification result, and mineral aggregate can be directionally conveyed.
Example 6: coal and gangue separating device
Referring to fig. 14 to 20, the coal gangue separation device provided in this embodiment includes: a first support 414, a cantilever shaft 415, a guide 411 and a plurality of bins.
The cantilever shaft 415 is horizontally installed on the first supporting seat 414, the fixed end of the guiding part 411 is connected with the cantilever shaft 415, and the guiding part 411 rotates around the cantilever shaft 415; the inlets of the plurality of bins are sequentially distributed on the rotation trace of the movable end of the guide portion 411. As such, by adjusting the inclination angle of the guide portion 411, the guide portion 411 may correspond to different bin inlets, so that the mineral aggregate enters the corresponding bin through the guide portion 411. Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide portion 411 is in an inclined state when corresponding to an inlet of any bin, so that the mineral aggregate on the guide portion 411 slides into the corresponding bin under the action of gravity.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the guiding portion 411 is composed of a plurality of boom screen bars 4110 rotatably mounted on the boom shaft 415 and parallel to each other. Thus, when mineral aggregate appears on the guide part 411, the corresponding cantilever screen bars 4110 can be adjusted to rotate according to the position of the mineral aggregate, so that a slideway adapted to the position and width of the mineral aggregate and used for conveying the mineral aggregate to a corresponding storage bin is formed, and redundant energy consumption caused by integral rotation of the guide part 411 is avoided; simultaneously, through corresponding mineral aggregate adjustment cantilever screen bar 4110, also be favorable to forming a plurality of passageways that correspond different feed bin entries according to the mineral aggregate demand to the efficiency of mineral aggregate collection has been improved.
Specifically, in this embodiment, each of the cantilever screen bars 4110 is provided with a corresponding screen bar driving mechanism.
Referring to fig. 14 and 15, in the present embodiment, a first screen bar driving mechanism is provided, which includes: a first return spring 4115, a first push rod 4116, and a first high pressure nozzle 4111. The first return spring 4115 is disposed below the corresponding cantilever grate bars 4110, and two ends of the first return spring are connected to the first supporting seat 414 and the corresponding cantilever grate bars 4110, respectively. In a natural state of the first return spring 4115, the movable end of the corresponding cantilever screen bar 4110 corresponds to the bin with the inlet at the highest position. First high pressure nozzle 4111 sets up on first supporting seat 414 and blows towards first push rod 4116, promotes first push rod 4116 through atmospheric pressure to drive cantilever grizzly bar 4110 and rotate downwards, with the position corresponding relation between adjustment cantilever grizzly bar 4110 expansion end and the feed bin, realize the feed bin unloading to the difference. Specifically, the screen bar driving mechanism further includes a first groove 4113 disposed on a side of the first push rod 4116 facing the first high pressure nozzle 4111, and the first high pressure nozzle 4111 blows air towards the first groove 4113. In this embodiment, each of the first high-pressure nozzles 4111 is connected to an external air supply device through a first air supply solenoid valve 4114. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the external air supply device supplies air by connecting each first air supply solenoid valve 4114 to a first air supply pipe 4112.
Referring to fig. 16, 17 and 18, in the present embodiment, a second screen bar driving mechanism is provided, which includes: the second push rod 4122, the first pressing rod 4123 and the first sliding groove are disposed on the lower surface of the cantilever screen bar 4110 and located on the rotation plane of the cantilever screen bar 4110. The lower end of the first pressing rod 4123 is hinged to the first supporting seat 414, and the rotation plane of the first pressing rod 4123 coincides with the rotation plane of the cantilever screen bars 4110. The first pressing rod 4123 is provided at an upper end thereof with a first pulley 4121, and the first pulley 4121 is inserted into the first sliding groove. In this embodiment, the second push rod 4122 is an electric telescopic rod or a pneumatic telescopic rod, the second push rod 4122 is disposed on the first support seat 414, a first hinge connection rod 4124 is disposed at a free end of the second push rod 4122, one end of the first hinge connection rod 4124 is hinged to the first extrusion rod 4123, and the other end of the first hinge connection rod 4124 is hinged to the free end of the second push rod 4122, so that the first extrusion rod 4123 is driven to rotate by the extension and contraction of the second push rod 4122, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the cantilever screen bar 4110. Referring to fig. 18, in a specific implementation, the second push rod 4122 may be an arc-shaped pneumatic telescopic rod, one end of the second push rod 4122 is fixedly connected to the first extrusion rod 4123, the other end of the second push rod 4122 is fixedly connected to the first support seat 414, the second push rod 4122 is located on a concentric circle of a rotation track circle of the first extrusion rod 4123, and the second extrusion rod 4133 may be driven to rotate by controlling a deformation amount of the second push rod 4122, so as to adjust an inclination angle of the cantilever screen bar 4110.
Referring to fig. 19 and 20, in the present embodiment, a third screen bar driving mechanism is provided, which includes: a fixing rod 4131, a third push rod 4132, a second pressing rod 4133, and a second slide groove provided at a lower surface of the cantilever screen bar 4110. The fixing rod 4131 is obliquely disposed on the first supporting seat 414, and the fixing rod 4131 is provided with a third sliding groove, and the third sliding groove and the second sliding groove are located in the same plane. The second pressing rod 4133 is provided at both ends thereof with a second pulley 4134 and a third pulley 4135, respectively, and the second pulley 4134 and the third pulley 4135 are fitted into the second slide groove and the third slide groove, respectively. The third push rod 4132 is a pneumatic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod, the third push rod 4132 is disposed on the first support seat 414, the extending and retracting direction of the third push rod 4132 is parallel to the length direction of the third sliding groove, and the movable end of the third push rod 4132 is connected with the second extrusion rod 4133. Thus, the second extrusion rod 4133 can be driven to slide along the third sliding groove by the extension and contraction of the third push rod 4132, and the inclination angle of the cantilever screen bars 4110 is adjusted.
In this embodiment, a fourth screen bar driving mechanism includes a fourth push rod, the fourth push rod adopts a pneumatic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod, the fourth push rod is vertically disposed on the first supporting seat 414, and the top end of the fourth push rod is hinged to the lower surface of the cantilever screen bar 4110. So, through the flexible of fourth push rod, can drive cantilever grizzly bar 4110 and rotate.
In this embodiment, a flat plate may be directly provided as the guide portion 411, in which case the inclination angle of the guide portion 411 may be manually adjusted, or any of the above-mentioned rod driving mechanisms may be applied to the guide portion 411 to drive the guide portion to rotate, so as to adjust the bin entrance corresponding to the guide portion 411.
When the coal and gangue separating device provided by the embodiment is used as the coal and gangue sorting device in embodiment 4, two bins are respectively used as the clean coal collecting bin 413 and the gangue collecting bin 412. So, in this embodiment, can combine intelligent control means for guide portion/cantilever grate bar adjusts the inclination of guide portion/cantilever grate bar according to the discernment result of coal gangue recognition device to mineral aggregate, in order to guarantee that clean coal passes through guide portion/cantilever grate bar and gets into clean coal collecting bin 413, and the waste rock passes through guide portion/cantilever grate bar and gets into waste rock collecting bin 412.
When the coal and gangue separating device provided by the embodiment is used as the coal and gangue sorting device in embodiment 4, the first supporting seat 414 is installed on the base 1 to ensure the position between the coal and gangue identifying device and the coal and gangue separating device to be stable. In practical implementation, the first supporting seat 414 may be integrally formed with the base 1.
Example 7: coal and gangue separation system
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 11, in the raw coal gangue discharge integrated system provided by the present embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 4, the gangue separation device described in embodiment 6 is adopted as the gangue sorting device, a third conveying belt 301 is provided between the gangue identification device 200 and the gangue separation device 400, and the third conveying belt 301 is provided on the base 1 and transports the mineral aggregate dehydrated by the dehydration screen 202 to the guide portion 411. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first supporting seat 414 is integrally formed with the base 1.
Thus, when the raw coal gangue discharge system in this embodiment works, the mineral aggregate in the feeding hopper 101 is input into the gangue identification device through the distributing and queuing device 100, and the gangue identification device calculates the content ratio of the gangue in the mineral aggregate; the gangue identifying device then discharges the identified mineral aggregate onto the dewatering screen 202, the mineral aggregate slides along the dewatering screen 202 onto the third conveyor belt 301, and the third conveyor belt 301 carries the mineral aggregate toward the gangue separating device, thereby transporting the mineral aggregate onto the guide portion 411.
The raw coal gangue discharging system in this embodiment further includes a gangue tracking unit 300, and the gangue tracking unit 300 is configured to identify the mineral aggregate on the third conveying belt 301 and perform tracking and positioning. Specifically, in this embodiment, the coal and gangue are identified by the coal and gangue identification device 200, the coal and gangue tracking unit 300 obtains the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device 200, and the coal and gangue tracking unit 300 records and tracks the identified clean coal and gangue, so as to accurately identify the composition and position of each mineral aggregate on the third conveying belt 301, so that when the mineral aggregate enters the guide portion 411, the rotation angle of the corresponding cantilever screen bar 4110 is accurately adjusted, so that when the mineral aggregate is clean coal, the mineral aggregate enters the clean coal collection bin 413; when the mineral aggregate is gangue, the mineral aggregate enters the gangue collection bin 412.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the coal and gangue tracking unit 300 includes a camera 302 and an image processing module, the camera 302 is used for collecting images of mineral aggregate on the third conveying belt 301, and the image processing module is used for identifying the images collected by the camera 302 and judging whether the mineral aggregate in the images is clean coal or gangue. Specifically, in this embodiment, the coal and gangue tracking unit 300 first obtains the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device 200 for the mineral aggregate, the coal and gangue tracking unit 300 collects the identified mineral aggregate image as a reference sample, and each reference sample is associated with the identification result; then, the gangue tracking unit 300 compares the mineral aggregate image collected on the third conveying belt 301 with the reference sample so as to track and accurately position the mineral aggregate on the third conveying belt 301, so that the gangue separation device accurately sends each mineral aggregate into the corresponding storage bin according to the components by combining the mineral aggregate position. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the mineral aggregate enters the corresponding storage bin, the gangue tracking unit 300 deletes the reference sample corresponding to the mineral aggregate to improve the comparison efficiency between the mineral aggregate image and the reference sample, thereby ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of mineral aggregate tracking and positioning.
In specific implementation, the gangue identification device 200 in this embodiment may further employ a gamma ray identification device, and the gamma ray identification device is configured to identify the mineral aggregate located at the front end of the gangue tracking unit 300 along the moving direction of the third conveying belt 301.
During specific implementation, a transferring chute 303 can be further arranged between the third conveying belt 301 and the guide portion 411, the transferring chute 303 is obliquely arranged on the first supporting seat 414, the high end of the transferring chute 303 faces the third conveying belt 301, and the low end of the transferring chute 303 faces the guide portion 411, so that mineral aggregates can slide onto the guide portion 411 through the transferring chute 303 after being separated from the third conveying belt 301, and stable transportation of the mineral aggregates is guaranteed.
Example 8: coal gangue sorting device and raw coal gangue discharge system
Referring to fig. 21 and 22, the coal gangue sorting device provided in this embodiment includes: a second supporting seat, a separating bracket 421, a fourth transmission belt 422, a fifth transmission belt 423 and a driving lever 424.
The fourth conveying belt 422 and the fifth conveying belt 423 are arranged on the second supporting seat in parallel, the separating support 421 is arranged on the second supporting seat, the shifting rod 424 is rotatably installed on the separating support 421 and located above the fourth conveying belt 422, the rotating direction of the shifting rod 424 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the fourth conveying belt 422, and the shifting rod 424 is used for pushing and shifting mineral aggregates on the fourth conveying belt 422 onto the fifth conveying belt 423.
Thus, through pushing and pulling of the pulling rod 424, separation of mineral aggregates on the fourth conveying belt 422 can be achieved, and therefore different mineral aggregates are conveyed to different directions through the fourth conveying belt 422 and the fifth conveying belt 423 respectively. In this embodiment, two opposite sides of the fourth transmission belt 422 are respectively provided with a fifth transmission belt 423, so that the driving lever 424 can be conveniently pushed out of the mineral aggregate of the fourth transmission belt 422 from any direction through the fifth transmission belt 423 for transmission.
In this embodiment, a plurality of shift levers 424 are provided, and the plurality of shift levers 424 are distributed along the moving direction of the fourth transmission belt 422. Therefore, by pushing the plurality of driving levers 424, when mineral aggregates are too much on the fourth transmission belt 422, the mineral aggregates can be accurately separated by pushing the plurality of driving levers 424 at a short distance. Similarly, the plurality of shift levers 424 are also sequentially distributed in the width direction of the fourth transfer belt 422.
In this embodiment, each fifth transmission belt 423 all is equipped with a baffle 429 that corresponds, and baffle 429 sets up on the second supporting seat and is located one side that corresponding fifth transmission belt 423 deviates from fourth transmission belt 422. The stopper 429 serves to prevent the mineral materials pushed onto the fifth conveying belt 423 by the deflector rod 424 from falling off the edge of the fifth conveying belt 423.
The gangue sorting device in this embodiment further includes a driving lever, and each driving lever 424 is provided with a corresponding driving lever. The driving mechanism of the shift lever comprises: a second return spring 427, a second high pressure nozzle 425, and a second air bleed solenoid valve 426. The two ends of the second return spring 427 are respectively connected to the separating bracket 421 and the corresponding shift lever 424, the second high-pressure nozzle 425 is disposed on the separating bracket 421, and the second high-pressure nozzle 425 is used for injecting air towards the corresponding shift lever 424 to drive the shift lever 424 to rotate. The second high-pressure nozzles 425 are connected to an external air supply device through corresponding second air-feeding solenoid valves 426. Thus, by controlling the second air-feeding solenoid valve 426 to open, the second high-pressure nozzle 425 can be controlled to work to push the driving lever 424 to push the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveying belt 422; when the second air supply solenoid valve 426 is closed, the second high pressure nozzle 425 stops operating, and the plunger 424 is returned to its original position by the return elastic force of the second return spring 427. Specifically, in the present embodiment, a side of the toggle rod 424 facing the second high pressure nozzle 425 is provided with a second groove 4210, and the second high pressure nozzle 425 jets air towards the second groove 4210.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, all the second high-pressure nozzles 425 share the same external air supply device, and the external air supply device is connected to each of the second high-pressure nozzles 425 through the second air supply pipe 428. Each second air delivery solenoid valve 426 is located between a corresponding second high pressure nozzle 425 and a second air delivery pipe 428.
When adopting the coal gangue sorting device that this embodiment provided in embodiment 4, form raw coal discharge gangue system, second supporting seat and base 1 integrated into one piece, fourth conveying belt 422 is located dewatering screen 202 and keeps away from one side of coal gangue recognition device, and fourth conveying belt 422 is used for transporting the mineral aggregate after dewatering screen 202 dewaters. In specific implementation, the fourth conveying belt 422 can be used as a clean coal conveying belt, and the fifth conveying belt 423 can be used as a gangue conveying belt; the fourth transfer belt 422 may be used as a gangue transfer belt and the fifth transfer belt 423 may be used as a clean coal transfer belt. Meanwhile, a clean coal collecting frame and a waste rock collecting frame can be arranged on the base 1 corresponding to the clean coal conveying belt and the waste rock conveying belt respectively.
In this embodiment, a control module connected to the gangue identification device and each second air-supply solenoid valve 426 may be provided in combination with an automatic control technology, and the control module controls the second air-supply solenoid valve 426 corresponding to each shift lever 424 to operate according to the identification result of the gangue identification device on the mineral aggregate. That is, when the control module obtains a certain mineral aggregate position to be removed according to the gangue identification device, the control module controls the second air supply solenoid valve 426 connected to the shifting lever 424 corresponding to the mineral aggregate position to be opened, so that the shifting lever 424 pushes the mineral aggregate to the fifth transmission belt 423. Specifically, the control module controls the second air supply solenoid valve 426 to be opened for a period of time and then controls the second air supply solenoid valve 426 to be closed, so that the shifting lever 424 is conveniently reset.
In this embodiment, a gangue tracking unit 300 may be further disposed on the base 1, and the gangue tracking unit 300 is located between the dewatering screen 202 and the shifting lever 424, and is configured to track and position the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveying belt 422 according to the identification result of the gangue identification device on the mineral aggregate. Meanwhile, the control module is connected with the gangue tracking unit 300, and controls the second air supply solenoid valve 426 corresponding to each shift lever 424 to work according to the tracking and positioning of the gangue tracking unit 300 on mineral materials.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the coal and gangue tracking unit 300 includes a camera 302 and an image processing module, the camera 302 is configured to perform image acquisition on the mineral aggregate on the fourth conveying belt 422, and the image processing module is configured to identify the image acquired by the camera 302, and determine whether the mineral aggregate in the image is clean coal or gangue. Specifically, the principle of operation of the gangue tracking unit 300 is described in example 7.
In specific implementation, the gangue tracking unit 300 in this embodiment may further employ a gamma ray identification device.
Examples 1 to 8, in practical implementation, the dewatering screen 202 is composed of an upper guide plate, a screen mesh and a lower guide plate, which are arranged on the same inclined plane and arranged from top to bottom. The arrangement of the upper guide plate is beneficial to mineral aggregate to form movement inertia so as to pass through the screen more stably and reduce friction influence. The installation position of the screen corresponds to the circulation water tank 201 or the turbid water chamber 2011. The lower guide plate is used for abutting against a mechanism at the rear end of the dewatering screen 202, such as the second conveying belt 431, the sliding rail, the third conveying belt or the fourth conveying belt 422, so that mineral materials are conveyed to the mechanism at the rear end through the lower guide plate after being dewatered by the screen, the loss of clean water discharged by the loading unit is avoided, and the mechanism at the rear end is prevented from being affected with damp and damaged.
In the above embodiment, the base 1 is arranged to ensure the stability of the relative positions between different devices, so as to ensure the connection of working processes between different devices or units. In specific implementation, the base 1 can be deleted; wheels 2 can be further arranged on the lower surface of the base 1 to facilitate the movement of the base 1.
Example 9: linear coal and gangue separation device and system
Referring to fig. 25, the present embodiment provides a linear gangue separation apparatus, including: a drive chain 441, a sixth transfer belt 442 and a seventh transfer belt 443. The drive chain 441 is disposed in motion, and the sixth transfer belt 442 and the seventh transfer belt 443 are juxtaposed below the upper surface of the drive chain 441.
The transmission chain 441 is provided with a chain groove 4410 for loading mineral materials, the bottom of the chain groove 4410 is provided with a second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 for controlling discharging, and the second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 is used for controlling the chain groove 4410 to discharge materials to the sixth transmission belt 442 or the seventh transmission belt 443 according to the identification result of the mineral materials in the corresponding chain groove 4410. For example, the sixth and seventh transfer belts 442 and 443 are a clean coal transfer belt and a gangue transfer belt, respectively; when the mineral aggregate in a certain chain groove 4410 is clean coal, when the chain groove 4410 moves to the position above the sixth conveying belt 442, the second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 corresponding to the chain groove 4410 is opened; when the mineral aggregate in a certain chain groove 4410 is gangue, the second discharging solenoid valve 444 corresponding to the chain groove 4410 is opened when the chain groove 4410 moves above the seventh conveying belt 443.
In this embodiment, the plurality of chain grooves 4410 are arranged in an array on the transmission chain 441 to facilitate the transportation of the mineral aggregate. And, the moving direction of the sixth and seventh transfer belts 442 and 443 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the driving chain 441 to facilitate the separation of the coals and the gangues by the moving direction of the sixth and seventh transfer belts 442 and 443 with respect to the chain groove 4410.
In this embodiment, the highest plane where the movement locus of the transmission chain 441 is located is implemented as a horizontal plane; the bearing surfaces of the sixth and seventh conveyor belts 442, 443 are below the highest plane. Specifically, the present embodiment further includes a tension roller 446 and a fixed roller 445; the tensioning rotary roller 446 and the fixed rotary roller 445 are rotatably arranged and parallel to each other, the transmission chains 441 are arranged on the tensioning rotary roller 446 and the fixed rotary roller 445, and the fixed rotary rollers 445 are four and are distributed in a rectangular shape.
Referring to fig. 25, in the present embodiment, a linear coal and gangue separating system is further provided, which includes a coal and gangue identifying device 200 and the linear coal and gangue separating device in the present embodiment. The coal and gangue identifying device 200 is used for identifying mineral aggregate, and the sixth conveying belt 442 and the seventh conveying belt 443 are respectively used for conveying clean coal and gangue; the chain groove 4410 is used for filling the mineral aggregate identified by the gangue identification device 200.
The linear gangue separating system further comprises a second transporting mechanism 54, and the second transporting mechanism 54 is used for transporting the mineral aggregate output by the gangue identifying device to the chain groove 4410 on the highest plane of the motion track of the transmission chain 441.
In this embodiment, the coal and gangue identification device provided in embodiment 2, the rotary wheel type coal and gangue identification device provided in embodiment 3, or the photoelectric sorting device may be used as the coal and gangue identification device.
Example 10: multithreading coal and gangue separation system
Referring to fig. 25 and 26, the present embodiment provides a multi-thread coal and gangue separating system, which includes a material distributing queuing device 100, a coal and gangue identifying device 200 and a coal and gangue separating device; the material distribution queuing device 100 is used for respectively conveying the mineral aggregate to the corresponding coal and gangue identification device 200 for identification according to the granularity grade; the coal and gangue separation device is used for transmitting the mineral aggregate output by each coal and gangue identification device 200 according to the identification result.
The coal and gangue separating device in the embodiment adopts the linear coal and gangue separating device provided by the embodiment 9. The coal and gangue identifying device 200 in this embodiment adopts the coal and gangue identifying device provided in embodiment 2, the rotary type coal and gangue identifying device provided in embodiment 3, or a photoelectric sorting device.
In this embodiment, the cloth queuing apparatus 100 includes: a classifying screen 106 and a discharge chute 103. The classifying screen 106 is composed of a plurality of screens with different apertures, and the number of the screens is equal to that of the gangue identification devices; the discharge chute 103 is used for conveying the mineral aggregate screened by each screen to the corresponding gangue identification device 200. So, realized discerning the mineral aggregate of corresponding granularity through the gangue recognition device of difference, be favorable to further improving the discernment precision. In this embodiment, a sorting flow channel 107 is arranged on the discharging chute 103, a flow guiding and distributing structure 108 is arranged at an inlet of the sorting flow channel 107, and an outlet of the sorting flow channel 107 faces the corresponding coal and gangue identification device; the diversion material distributing structure 108 is a bell mouth structure with a narrow end connected with the sequencing runner 107. So, through the drainage of water conservancy diversion branch material structure 108, guaranteed that mineral aggregate gets into sequencing runner 107 in order to get into coal gangue recognition device in order, be favorable to preventing that mineral aggregate from blockking up on arranging material chute 103.
Referring to embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the excitation motor 105 may also be disposed on the lower surface of the discharge chute 103, and the excitation speed of the excitation motor 105 is set to be a slower speed, so as to ensure that the mineral aggregate is sufficiently dispersed, and the mineral aggregate can be orderly queued close to one side of the sorting flow channel 107 while jumping on the chute surface, so as to avoid overlapping of small-particle-size materials.
In specific implementation, a plurality of discharging chutes 103 corresponding to the coal and gangue identification devices one to one may be disposed in the distributing and queuing device 100, and one or more sorting flow channels for transporting mineral materials to the same coal and gangue identification device may be disposed on each discharging chute 103. In specific implementation, the distribution queuing device 100 may also be provided with only one discharge chute 103, and the discharge chute 103 is provided with sorting runners 107 corresponding to the respective coal and gangue identification devices one to one, so as to transport mineral materials to the corresponding coal and gangue identification devices 200 through the respective sorting runners 107. In this embodiment, it is required to ensure that the mineral aggregates with different granularity levels output by the classifying screen 106 enter the corresponding diversion material-distributing structure 108.
In specific implementation, the classifying screen 106 may be disposed in the feeding hopper 101, and outlets corresponding to screens with different apertures are disposed on the feeding hopper 101, through which the mineral aggregate registered with the corresponding particle size is conveyed to the corresponding discharging chute 103 or the diversion material-separating structure 108. In this embodiment, the plurality of screens in the classifying screen 106 are distributed from top to bottom in the order of the sizes of the apertures from large to small. As shown in fig. 25, the classifying screen 106 is a multi-layer vibrating classifying screen, and the number of layers is set according to the queuing and separating requirements and the size of the roadway space. In this embodiment, 4 layers of classifying screens 106 can be disposed for the mineral aggregate of 25-300mm, and the partition particle size of each layer of screen is [25-50mm ], [50-100mm ], [ 100-.
In the embodiment, the coal and gangue tracking device further comprises a coal and gangue tracking unit and a control module; the coal and gangue tracking unit is used for tracking and positioning mineral aggregate in the chain groove according to the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device, and the control module controls each second discharging electromagnetic valve 444 to work according to the tracking result of the coal and gangue tracking unit so as to ensure that clean coal and gangue in the chain groove 4410 are accurately discharged onto the sixth conveying belt 442 and the seventh conveying belt.
In this embodiment, the system further includes a second transportation mechanism 54, where the second transportation mechanism 54 is used to transport the mineral aggregate output by each gangue identification device to the corresponding chain groove 4410; the second transportation mechanism is composed of a plurality of star-shaped feeders arranged in parallel, the star-shaped feeders correspond to the coal and gangue identification devices respectively, and rotating shafts of the star-shaped feeders are collinear and share one driving motor. So, the quantity of star batcher equals the quantity of coal gangue recognition device, equals the quantity of chain groove array in the perpendicular to drive chain 441 direction, through star batcher for the accurate conveying of mineral aggregate that coal gangue recognition device exported is to the line number that chain groove array corresponds on.
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments shown and described, but is to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a raw coal refuse discharge system in pit which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a material distribution queuing device (100), a coal and gangue identification device (200), a coal and gangue tracking unit (300) and a coal and gangue separation device (400);
the material distribution queuing device (100) is used for inputting mineral aggregate into the coal gangue identification device (200);
the coal and gangue identification device (200) is used for measuring the volume and the weight of the mineral aggregate and identifying the mineral aggregate according to the volume and the weight;
the coal and gangue tracking unit (300) is used for tracking the identified mineral aggregate according to the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device (200);
the coal and gangue separating device (400) is used for sorting the mineral aggregate identified by the coal and gangue identifying device (200) according to the tracking result of the coal and gangue tracking unit (300).
2. The underground raw coal gangue discharging system of claim 1, wherein the gangue identifying device (200) comprises a rotary supporting frame, a water injection unit, a weighing unit, a liquid level detecting device and a processing module;
the rotary support frame is rotationally arranged, and a loading unit for loading mineral aggregate is arranged on the rotary support frame; in the rotating process of the rotating support frame, the loading unit circularly passes through a water injection area (20a), a material adding area (20b), a volume measuring area (20c) and a discharging area (20d) which are sequentially arranged on the rotating track of the rotating support frame; the water injection unit is used for injecting water to the loading unit of the water injection area (20 a);
the material distribution queuing device (100) is used for filling mineral aggregate into the loading unit of the material adding area (20b), the weighing unit is used for acquiring the weight of the mineral aggregate filled into the loading unit, and the liquid level detection device is used for measuring the liquid level in the loading unit on the volume measuring area (20 c);
the processing module is used for calculating the volume of the mineral aggregate filled in the loading unit according to the measurement result of the liquid level detection device and identifying the mineral aggregate by combining the volume and the weight of the mineral aggregate obtained by the weighing unit, and the processing module is also used for controlling the loading unit to unload in the unloading area (20d) according to the identification result.
3. The downhole raw coal gangue discharge system of claim 2, further comprising a first transport mechanism; the cloth queuing apparatus (100) includes: a feeding hopper (101) and a star-shaped feeder (102); the feeding hopper (101) is arranged on the star-shaped feeding machine (102); the feeding hopper (101) is used for storing mineral aggregate, and the star-shaped feeding machine (102) is used for outputting the mineral aggregate in the feeding hopper (101); the first conveying mechanism comprises a discharging chute (103) and a first conveying belt (51); the discharging chute (103) is connected with the output end of the star-shaped feeder (102), and the first conveying belt (51) is arranged between the discharging chute (103) and the rotary supporting frame and used for conveying mineral aggregates output by the star-shaped feeder (102) through the discharging chute (103) to the loading unit on the material adding area (20 b).
4. The underground raw coal gangue discharging system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotary support frame comprises a first rotating shaft (217) which is vertically arranged and a loading support which is connected with the first rotating shaft (217) and rotates synchronously with the first rotating shaft (217); each loading unit comprises at least one first weighing cylinder (214), and the bottom of each first weighing cylinder (214) is provided with a first discharging electromagnetic valve (2112); the first discharging electromagnetic valve (2112) is used for controlling the discharging of the first weighing cylinder (214) on the discharging area (20 d); each first weighing cylinder (214) is arranged on the loading bracket; the upper end of the first weighing cylinder (214) is provided with an annular overlap edge (2111) extending outwards; the weighing unit comprises a plurality of first weighing sensors (216) which correspond to the first weighing cylinders (214) one by one, each first weighing sensor (216) is arranged on the loading support, and the lap edges of the first weighing cylinders (214) abut against the corresponding first weighing sensors (216).
5. The downhole raw coal gangue discharge system of claim 2, comprising: the coal and gangue identification device (200) also comprises a circulating water tank (201) and a dewatering screen (202); the circulating water tank (201) is used for supplying water to the water injection unit; the dewatering screen (202) is arranged above the circulating water tank (201) and below the loading unit on the discharging area (20d), and the dewatering screen (202) is used for dewatering the mineral aggregate discharged by the loading unit of the discharging area (20 d).
6. The downhole raw coal gangue discharging system according to claim 5, wherein the rotary support frame comprises a horizontal second rotating shaft (225) and a support part (226) arranged on the second rotating shaft (225), the support part (226) is a quadrangular star-column structure, and the support part (226) is rotationally symmetrical based on the center line of the second rotating shaft (225); the inclined plane between the outer edge and the inner edge on the supporting part (226) is marked as an edge inclined plane, the edge inclined plane opposite to the position of the outer side plate is marked as a relative inclined plane, the edge inclined plane between the outer side plate and the corresponding relative inclined plane is marked as a connecting bottom surface, and the two opposite ends of the outer side plate are respectively provided with a first connecting side plate and a second connecting side plate; the outer side plate is matched with the corresponding opposite inclined plane, the connecting bottom surface, the first connecting side plate and the second connecting side plate to form a second weighing cylinder (227) serving as a loading unit; a plurality of second weighing cylinders (227) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the second rotating shaft (225).
7. The downhole raw coal gangue discharge system of claim 6, wherein the weighing unit comprises: a scale plate (221), a scale basket (222), and a second load cell (224); the scale plate (221) is obliquely arranged on the scale basket (222), the lower end of the scale plate (221) faces the second rotating shaft (225) and corresponds to the opening of the second weighing cylinder (227) positioned on the material adding area (20 b); the scale plate (221) is used for receiving mineral aggregate output by an external device and guiding the mineral aggregate into a second weighing cylinder (227) positioned in the material adding area (20 b); a second load cell (224) is arranged in the weighing basket (222), the second load cell (224) being used for weighing the weighing plate (221).
8. The downhole raw coal gangue discharge system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gangue separating device (400) comprises: the device comprises a first supporting seat (414), a guide part (411), a clean coal collecting bin (413) and a gangue collecting bin (412); the guide part (411) is hinged with the first supporting seat (414), and the guide part (411) rotates in the vertical direction; the inlet of the clean coal collecting bin (413) and the inlet of the gangue collecting bin (412) are both positioned on the rotating track of the movable end of the guide part (411).
9. The downhole raw coal gangue discharge system of claim 8, wherein the gangue separating device (400) further comprises a cantilever shaft (415), the cantilever shaft (415) being horizontally mounted on the first support base (414); guide portion (411) are all constituteed with cantilever axle (415) articulated cantilever grizzly bar (4110) by many, and each cantilever grizzly bar (4110) all is connected with the grizzly bar actuating mechanism that corresponds, and each grizzly bar actuating mechanism is used for driving the cantilever grizzly bar that corresponds and rotates around cantilever axle (415).
10. The downhole raw coal gangue discharge system as claimed in claim 8, further comprising a third conveyor belt (301); the third conveying belt (301) is used for conveying the mineral aggregate identified by the coal gangue identification device (200) to the guide part (411); the coal and gangue tracking unit (300) is used for tracking and positioning the mineral aggregate on the third conveying belt (301) according to the identification result of the coal and gangue identification device (200).
CN202011208976.XA 2020-11-03 2020-11-03 Underground raw coal gangue discharge system Active CN112536240B (en)

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CN202111648387.8A CN114515706B (en) 2020-11-03 2020-11-03 Underground raw coal gangue discharging system with fixed-point separation function
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