CN112536193A - Continuous coating production equipment and process for fuel cell catalyst layer - Google Patents
Continuous coating production equipment and process for fuel cell catalyst layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN112536193A CN112536193A CN202011414968.0A CN202011414968A CN112536193A CN 112536193 A CN112536193 A CN 112536193A CN 202011414968 A CN202011414968 A CN 202011414968A CN 112536193 A CN112536193 A CN 112536193A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/0245—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to a moving work of indefinite length, e.g. to a moving web
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C13/00—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles
- B05C13/02—Means for manipulating or holding work, e.g. for separate articles for particular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
- B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
- B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
- B05C9/12—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation being performed after the application
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
- B05C9/08—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation
- B05C9/14—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying liquid or other fluent material and performing an auxiliary operation the auxiliary operation involving heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
- B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
- B05D3/145—After-treatment
- B05D3/148—After-treatment affecting the surface properties of the coating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous coating production device and a continuous coating production process for a fuel cell catalyst layer, wherein an adsorption through hole is directly arranged on a conveyor belt, so that the cost and the space are saved, meanwhile, the conveyor belt adopts a double-layer structure of a sheet base belt and a metal sheet layer, the characteristics of better toughness and conveying performance of the traditional sheet base belt are utilized, and the advantages of higher hardness and surface evenness of the metal sheet layer are combined, a proton exchange membrane is dynamically adsorbed by a fan and a closed pipeline under the action of negative pressure generated at the adsorption through hole, so that the proton exchange membrane is flatly attached to the conveyor belt, the swelling phenomenon in the coating process of the proton exchange membrane is avoided, and an additional expensive support membrane is saved; and, adopt the mode that vacuum adsorption and electrostatic adsorption combined together to realize the dual absorption to proton exchange membrane, effectively solved if when having the absorption through-hole to appear blocking phenomenon, proton exchange membrane still can comparatively level and smooth laminating adsorb on the conveyer belt, further solve the swelling problem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to continuous coating production equipment and process for a fuel cell catalyst layer.
Background
A pem fuel cell is an energy conversion device that can directly convert chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel and oxidant into electrical energy by means of electrochemical reaction. The fuel cell has the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, no waste gas emission and the like, is considered to be one of the most promising schemes for solving energy crisis and environmental pollution, and has a wide application prospect in the aspects of transportation such as automobiles, ships, standby power supplies and the like. Due to these outstanding advantages, the development and application of fuel cell technology are receiving great attention and are considered to be the first choice of clean and efficient power generation in the 21 st century.
The membrane electrode is an important component in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and consists of a proton exchange membrane, catalyst layers and diffusion layers, catalyst slurry is coated on two surfaces of the proton exchange membrane to form the catalyst layers on the two surfaces, then the diffusion layers are respectively attached to the two catalyst layers, and the sandwich-type membrane electrode is realized through processes such as hot pressing and the like.
The most widely used proton exchange membrane in the market today is the Nafion membrane from Dupont. Compared with other proton exchange membranes, the Nafion membrane has higher chemical stability and mechanical strength, can keep high conductivity in a high-humidity working environment, and the current commercialized perfluorinated sulfonic acid PEM is almost based on a Nafion structure; the processes of coating the catalyst slurry on the two sides of the proton exchange membrane mostly adopt electrostatic spraying, slit coating, tape casting, printing and the like, but the current membrane electrode manufacturing process is not smooth enough and has low efficiency, and when the membrane electrode is conveyed, the problem that the proton exchange membrane is easy to swell and deform during coating is easily caused due to lack of constraint, so that the production yield of the membrane electrode is not high.
In order to solve this problem, vacuum adsorption technology has been introduced in the market to restrict the coating of proton exchange membranes, for example, a roll-to-roll coating apparatus for proton exchange membranes (application No. CN201920346525.9) disclosed in the patent application website includes: the device comprises a proton exchange membrane unreeling device, a first vacuum adsorption platform, a first coating mechanism arranged on the first vacuum adsorption platform, a second vacuum adsorption platform and a second coating mechanism arranged on the second vacuum adsorption platform; the surfaces of the proton exchange membrane winding device, the first vacuum adsorption platform and the second vacuum adsorption platform are respectively provided with a pressure equalizing layer which is arranged on the respective surface and used for equalizing the adsorption force generated by the respective vacuum adsorption platform. Utilize in this equipment all to set up the pressure equalizing layer on the surface of first vacuum adsorption platform and second vacuum adsorption platform to the surface that makes the pressure equalizing layer produces balanced adsorption affinity and is used for adsorbing proton exchange membrane, thereby can make even in the proton exchange membrane coating process retrain to first vacuum adsorption platform and second vacuum adsorption platform on. However, the equipment is complex, and a vacuum adsorption platform area needs to be additionally processed, so that the cost is increased undoubtedly; and the adsorption holes of the vacuum adsorption platform are easily blocked by particles such as tiny impurities or dust, the balanced adsorption force on the proton exchange membrane can be broken, even in the adsorption process, the proton exchange membrane at the blocked adsorption holes can have a small wrinkle phenomenon, the coating quality is seriously influenced, and the swelling of the proton exchange membrane is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide continuous coating production equipment and process for a fuel cell catalyst layer, which have the advantages that the vacuum adsorption function can be directly applied to a conveyer belt for roll-to-roll continuous coating, so that the coating swelling problem is eliminated by adsorption on a proton exchange membrane, the cost is saved, and the coating swelling phenomenon that part of wrinkles are generated again in the coating process of the proton exchange membrane due to blockage in adsorption holes is solved.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the invention provides a continuous coating production device for a fuel cell catalyst layer, which comprises a coating area for realizing continuous coating, wherein the coating area comprises a conveyor belt and a transmission assembly; the transmission assembly comprises a plurality of transmission rollers, the transmission belt is wound on the transmission rollers to form a transmission loop, and the transmission loop comprises a loading transmission area; the carrier conveying area refers to a conveying area loaded with a proton exchange membrane; in the carrying and conveying area, a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, a coating die head, an oven and a catalyst layer winding roller are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of a conveying loop, a protective film winding roller is arranged at a position close to the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, and a back film unwinding roller is arranged at a position close to the catalyst layer winding roller;
a plurality of adsorption through holes are arrayed on the conveying belt along the length direction and the width direction;
the carrying conveying area is provided with a negative pressure generating device, a static generating device and a static eliminating device;
the two sides of the conveying belt in the width direction are provided with a blank area; the static electricity generating device is used for transmitting charges to the white space area to realize the static adsorption of the proton exchange membrane on the conveyor belt; the static electricity eliminating device is used for realizing the static electricity elimination of the coated proton exchange membrane; the negative pressure generating device is positioned below the conveying belt and used for generating negative pressure at the adsorption through hole on the conveying belt.
The invention is further configured to: the conveyor belt includes a base belt layer and a metallic foil layer attached to the base belt layer.
The invention is further configured to: the negative pressure generating device comprises a closed air channel parallel to the conveying belt, a plurality of ventilation fine openings arranged in an array mode are formed in the side wall, close to the conveying belt, of the closed air channel, and one end of the closed air channel is connected with the fan.
The invention is further configured to: and a filter element is arranged between the closed air duct and the fan.
The invention is further configured to: the static electricity generating device comprises a static electricity generator; the electrostatic generator is positioned above the conveyor belt and between the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller and the coating die head; the electrostatic generator comprises a plurality of electrostatic emission rods; the electrostatic emission rod is used for emitting charges to the white space.
The invention is further configured to: the static eliminating device comprises two table type ion fans; the two table type ion fans are respectively positioned at the inlet and the outlet of the oven.
The invention is further configured to: the apparatus further comprises a PLC system; the apparatus further comprises a PLC system; and the PLC system is used for controlling the opening and closing sequence of the coating die head, the static electricity generating device and the static electricity eliminating device.
The invention is further configured to: and the PLC system is used for controlling the opening and closing sequence of the electrostatic generator, the coating die head and the desk type ion fan.
The invention is further configured to: the conveying loop further comprises an empty conveying zone; the no-load conveying area refers to a conveying area without a proton exchange membrane; the no-load conveying area is provided with an automatic cleaning device for cleaning the adsorption through holes, and the automatic cleaning device comprises a rotary cleaning roller, an ultrasonic cleaning pool and a high-pressure fan drying area which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction;
the surface of the rotary cleaning roller is provided with a plurality of cleaning needles which are engaged with the adsorption through holes in an inserting manner; the cleaning needles are in inserted engagement with the adsorption through holes on the conveying belt through the rotation of the rotary cleaning roller;
the ultrasonic cleaning pool is used for carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the conveying belt;
and the high-pressure fan drying area is used for drying the conveyor belt subjected to ultrasonic cleaning.
The invention is further configured to: still be equipped with the dump bin in the no-load transfer zone, the dump bin is used for the garbage collection of rotary type cleaning roller station department, ultrasonic cleaning pond station department and high-pressure positive blower drying area station.
Specifically, the continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell comprises a coating area, a coating die head, a PLC system, a catalyst layer winding roller, an oven, a plurality of groups of transmission assemblies and a transmission belt, wherein the coating die head, the PLC system, the catalyst layer winding roller, the oven and the transmission assemblies are arranged in the coating area, the transmission assemblies are composed of a transmission roller and a floating roller, the transmission belt is wound on the transmission roller to form a transmission loop with tension, the transmission belt comprises a sheet substrate base layer and a metal sheet layer attached to the sheet substrate base layer, a plurality of adsorption through holes are uniformly distributed on the transmission belt in an array mode along the length direction and the width direction of the transmission belt, the transmission loop comprises a loading transmission area with a proton exchange membrane and a no-load transmission area without the proton exchange membrane, a closed air duct which is close to the transmission belt and is parallel to the transmission belt is arranged in the loading transmission area, and a filter element is arranged between the closed air duct and the fan. The equipment is also provided with an automatic cleaning device for adsorbing the through holes on the conveying belt, the coating area is provided with a static electricity generating device which is connected with a PLC system circuit and acts on the conveying belt, and the catalysis layer winding roller is provided with a table type ion fan which is connected with the PLC system circuit and acts on the conveying belt. The automatic cleaning device comprises a rotary cleaning roller which is rotatably arranged in an idle-load conveying area, wherein a plurality of cleaning needles which can be inserted into the adsorption through holes are arranged on the rotary cleaning roller along the circumferential direction and the axial arrangement array of the rotary cleaning roller. The automatic cleaning device further comprises a conveying direction arranged in the no-load conveying area along the no-load conveying area, an ultrasonic cleaning pool for soaking the conveying belt is arranged at a rear station located at the station of the rotary cleaning roller, and a high-pressure fan drying area is arranged at a rear station located at the ultrasonic cleaning pool in the no-load conveying area. The object carrying conveying area is positioned in the conveying direction along the conveying loop, and a table type ion fan connected with the PLC system circuit is also arranged at the inlet of the oven. The conveyer belt is gone up and is equipped with along its width direction's both sides and leave white region, static generator includes power host computer and follows a plurality of electrostatic emission stick that power host computer limit end set up, the electrostatic emission stick is located the area of leaving white of conveyer belt. And a waste material box which contains the rotary cleaning roller station, the ultrasonic cleaning pool station and the high-pressure fan drying area station is arranged in the no-load conveying area.
On the other hand, the invention provides a production process for continuously coating a catalyst layer of a fuel cell by adopting the equipment, and the process is used for continuously coating catalysts on the A surface and the B surface of the proton exchange membrane; the A surface and the B surface of the proton exchange membrane are respectively covered with a protective film; the process comprises the following steps:
step (1), releasing the proton exchange membrane onto a conveyor belt (1) through a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller of the equipment; stripping the protective film on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane through a protective film winding roller to enable the surface B of the proton exchange membrane to be flatly attached to the conveying belt;
step (2), the PLC system controls the electrostatic generator to work, so that the B surface of the proton exchange membrane in the coating area is electrostatically adsorbed on the conveyer belt;
step (3), the fan works, and negative pressure is generated on the proton exchange membrane through the ventilation fine holes on the closed air channel and the adsorption through holes on the corresponding conveyor belt, so that the surface B of the proton exchange membrane is further tightly attached to the conveyor belt;
step (4), coating the catalyst slurry on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane by controlling a coating die head through a PLC system to form a first catalyst layer;
step (5), the proton exchange membrane coated with the first catalyst layer is subjected to a primary static electricity removing process through a desk type ion fan at the inlet of an oven, then is dried through the oven, and is subjected to a secondary static electricity removing process through a desk type ion fan at the outlet of the oven after being dried;
step (6), after the step (5) is completed, the fan is turned off, and the adsorption of the first catalytic layer is stopped;
step (7), winding the proton exchange membrane coated on the surface A by a catalyst layer winding roller, and releasing the back membrane by a back membrane unwinding roller to enable the back membrane to be attached to the first catalyst layer;
and (8) transferring the proton exchange membrane coated with the catalyst layer on the surface A and the back membrane to a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, releasing the proton exchange membrane to a conveyor belt through the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, peeling off a protective membrane on the surface B of the proton exchange membrane through a protective membrane winding roller, enabling the surface A of the proton exchange membrane to be flatly attached to the conveyor belt, repeating the step (2) and the step (7), finishing coating the surface B of the proton exchange membrane to form a second catalyst layer, and finally winding through the catalyst layer winding roller again to finish continuous coating of catalysts on the surface A and the surface B of the proton exchange membrane.
The invention is further configured to: the PLC system controls the coating die head to carry out slit type gap coating on the proton exchange membrane; blank gaps are reserved around the proton exchange membrane coated with the first catalyst layer/the second catalyst layer, and conductive ions of the electrostatic generator act on the blank regions. And in the process that the conveyor belt moves along the conveying loop, the conveyor belt is cleaned by an automatic cleaning device in an idle conveying area.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine has the advantages that the adsorption through holes are directly formed in the conveying belt, the adsorption platform device is prevented from being arranged again, cost and space are saved, meanwhile, the conveying belt is of a double-layer structure of the sheet base belt and the metal sheet layer, the characteristics of better toughness and conveying performance of the traditional sheet base belt are utilized, the advantages of higher hardness and surface evenness of the metal sheet layer are combined, adsorption of a proton exchange membrane to be coated is effectively achieved through the negative pressure effect of the fan and the closed pipeline on the adsorption through holes, the proton exchange membrane to be coated is enabled to be flatly attached to the conveying belt, and the swelling phenomenon in the coating process of the proton exchange membrane is avoided;
in addition, the double adsorption of the proton exchange membrane is realized by adopting a mode of combining vacuum adsorption and electrostatic adsorption in the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, so that the problem that the proton exchange membrane can still be attached and adsorbed on a conveying belt smoothly when an adsorption through hole is blocked is effectively solved, and the coating swelling phenomenon is reduced;
2. the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine is provided with an automatic cleaning device for cleaning the adsorption through holes on the conveying belt, the conveying of the conveying belt is matched with the self-rotation of a rotary cleaning roller with cleaning needles, the insertion and embedding type meshing of the cleaning needles on the rotary cleaning roller between the adsorption through holes on the conveying belt is realized, so that impurity particles blocked in the adsorption through holes are removed, then the surface of the conveying belt is ultrasonically cleaned through an ultrasonic cleaning pool, the impurity dust particles adhered in the adsorption through holes and even on the surface of the conveying belt are further removed, and finally the conveying belt is rapidly dried through a high-pressure fan drying area, so that a conveying belt assembly is conveyed into a coating area to be in a clean and dry state, and the conveying support for a proton exchange membrane is facilitated;
3. desk type ion fans are arranged at the entrance of the drying oven and the catalyst layer winding roller on the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, so that primary static elimination of the coated proton exchange membrane and secondary static elimination of the proton exchange membrane in a high-temperature state after drying are sequentially realized;
4. the conveyer belt is provided with a white area without adsorption through holes, so that an electrostatic emission rod of the electrostatic generator can emit charges on the white area conveniently, and the electrostatic adsorption of the proton exchange membrane is realized;
5. the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine is internally provided with a waste material box acting on an automatic cleaning device, so that the phenomenon of environmental pollution is avoided; a filter element is also arranged between the closed pipeline and the fan, so that air pollution is reduced;
6. the catalyst layer coating process adopts a mode of simultaneously realizing vacuum adsorption and electrostatic adsorption, smooth attachment of the proton exchange membrane on the conveyor belt and conveying, so as to realize anti-swelling coating of the proton exchange membrane, and simultaneously realize slit type gap coating of the proton exchange membrane through the control of the PLC system on the coating die head, so that the electrostatic generator acts on a non-coating area of the proton exchange membrane, and the influence of charge influence on the coating layer is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present roll-to-roll continuous coater;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the electrostatic generator and the conveyor belt in the roll-to-roll continuous coater, and a schematic diagram of the blank area on the conveyor belt;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the engagement of a rotating cleaning roller with a conveyor belt in the present roll-to-roll continuous coater;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the cleaning pins of the rotary cleaning roller of the roll-to-roll continuous coater inserted into the suction through holes of the conveyor belt;
figure 5 is a schematic representation of a proton exchange membrane prior to being uncoated.
In the figure: 1. a conveyor belt; 1-1, a base band base layer; 1-2, a foil layer; 2. a blank area is reserved; 3. an adsorption through hole; 4. a rotatable cleaning roller; 5. cleaning the needle; 6. an electrostatic generator; 6-1, a power supply host; 6-2, and an electrostatic emission rod.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The utility model provides a continuous coating production facility of fuel cell catalysis layer, equipment is the continuous coating machine of volume to volume, as shown in figure 1, including the coating district, be equipped with in the coating district and supply the unreeling roller that the proton exchange membrane coiled material of treating coating was placed, be close to the protection film wind-up roll of unreeling roller department, the PLC system of coating die head, control coating die head displacement, the oven that supplies drive assembly to pass, the catalysis layer wind-up roll that is located the oven exit, the notacoria that is close to catalysis layer wind-up roll department unreels the roller, conveyer belt and the multiunit drive assembly that constitutes by drive roll and floating roll, the conveyer belt is around forming the conveying return circuit that has the tensioning on the drive roll.
The proton exchange membrane coiled material is placed on the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, and is wound in the catalyst layer winding roller after being sequentially arranged along the conveying direction, so that a prior conveying path is realized. In the process, firstly, a protective film of the proton exchange membrane is wound into the protective film winding roller, the protective film is transmitted by the conveyor belt 1, when the protective film reaches a coating area, the coating die head coats the proton exchange membrane through a route which is debugged in advance by a PLC system, the coated proton exchange membrane is dried by an oven, and a back film on the back film unwinding roller is wound into the catalytic layer winding roller after being attached to a coating on the proton exchange membrane.
In the embodiment, an improvement is made on the basis of the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the conveyor belt 1 of the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine adopts a double-layer structure of a sheet base layer 1-1 and a metal sheet layer 1-2 attached to the sheet base layer, tension conveying is carried out to form a complete conveying loop in a transmission assembly, the toughness of the sheet base layer 1-1 and the flatness and hardness of the metal sheet layer 1-2 are kept, and the proton exchange membrane is conveniently and flatly attached and placed on the conveyor belt 1; as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of adsorption through holes 3 are arrayed along both the length and width directions of the conveyor belt 1, and both sides of the conveyor belt along the width direction thereof are provided with blank regions 2.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the above-mentioned conveying loop includes a loading conveying area with a proton exchange membrane loaded on the upper half section and an idle conveying area without a proton exchange membrane on the lower half section, a closed air duct parallel to the conveyor belt 1 is arranged in the loading conveying area in the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, a plurality of ventilation slits (not shown in the figure) are arranged in the closed air duct in an array manner near the side wall of the conveyor belt 1, and one end of the closed air duct is connected with a filter element and then connected with a fan, that is, the fan performs vacuum pumping operation in the closed pipeline, so that a negative pressure is generated at the adsorption through hole 3 of the conveyor belt 1 through the ventilation slits, so that the proton exchange membrane is vacuum adsorbed on the conveyor belt.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 1, a static electricity generating device which is connected with a PLC system circuit and acts on the conveyor belt is arranged in the coating area and close to the coating die head; as shown in fig. 2, the electrostatic generator 6 comprises a power supply host 6-1 and a plurality of electrostatic emission rods 6-2 arranged along the edge end of the power supply host 6-1, wherein the electrostatic emission rods 6-2 are located in the blank area 2 of the conveyor belt, that is, the electrostatic emission rods 6-2 of the electrostatic generator 6 emit charges on the blank area 2, so as to realize electrostatic adsorption of the proton exchange membrane in the blank area 2; the part of the proton exchange membrane in the non-blank area 2 can realize vacuum adsorption through the adsorption through hole 3.
As shown in fig. 1, for safely eliminating the charges generated by electrostatic adsorption, a desktop ion blower connected with the PLC system circuit is disposed at the entrance of the oven and at the same time a desktop ion blower connected with the PLC system circuit is disposed at the catalyst layer winding roller, so as to sequentially eliminate the static electricity of the coated proton exchange membrane for the first time and eliminate the static electricity of the proton exchange membrane again at a high temperature after the drying.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an automatic cleaning device acting on the suction through holes 3 on the conveyor belt is further disposed in the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, the automatic cleaning device includes a rotary cleaning roller 4 rotatably disposed in the idle conveying area, a plurality of cleaning needles 5 capable of being inserted into the suction through holes 3 are disposed on the rotary cleaning roller 4 along the circumferential direction and the axial arrangement array thereof, and the cleaning needles 5 and the suction through holes 3 have a certain taper angle, so that the cleaning needles 5 can be smoothly inserted into the suction through holes 3 when the rotary cleaning roller 4 rotates, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.
As shown in fig. 1, along the conveying direction of the no-load conveying area, the automatic cleaning device further comprises an ultrasonic cleaning tank arranged at the rear station of the rotary cleaning roller 4 for soaking the conveying belt 1, and a high-pressure fan drying area is arranged at the rear station of the ultrasonic cleaning tank in the no-load conveying area.
As shown in fig. 1, a waste material box is arranged in the no-load conveying area, and the waste material box contains the rotary cleaning roller 4, the ultrasonic cleaning tank and the high-pressure fan drying area.
The continuous coating production process of the fuel cell catalyst layer by using the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, comprises the following steps:
winding a proton exchange membrane on a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller in advance;
step (2), a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller of the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine releases the proton exchange membrane onto the conveyor belt 1, and a protective film on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane is peeled off through a protective film winding roller, so that the surface B of the proton exchange membrane is smoothly attached to the conveyor belt 1;
step (3), the PLC system controls the electrostatic generator 6 to work, the electrostatic emission rod 6-2 of the electrostatic generator 6 emits charges on the blank area 2 of the conveyor belt, and the surface B of the proton exchange membrane and the part of the protective membrane thereof in the blank area 2 in the coating area are electrostatically adsorbed on the conveyor belt;
step (4), the fan works, and negative pressure acting on the proton exchange membrane is generated on the conveyor belt 1 through the closed air channel and the adsorption through hole at the corresponding position, so that the surface B and the protective film thereof are further tightly attached to the conveyor belt;
step (5), the PLC system controls the coating die head to coat the catalyst slurry on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane to form a first catalyst layer, and controls the coating die head to realize slit-type gap coating on the proton exchange membrane, namely blank gaps are reserved on the proton exchange membrane along the periphery of the first catalyst layer/the second catalyst layer, and the conductive ions of the electrostatic generator 6 in the step (2) also act on the blank gaps of the non-coating area of the proton exchange membrane;
the first catalyst layer coated in the step (6) is dried by an oven after primary static electricity removal of a desk type ion fan, and then is subjected to secondary static electricity removal of the desk type ion fan after drying;
after the step (7) is finished, controlling the fan to be closed, namely stopping the vacuum adsorption effect on the first catalyst layer;
step (8), the first catalytic layer after the step (7) is rolled by a catalytic layer rolling roller, and meanwhile, a back film on a back film rolling roller is attached to the first catalytic layer;
and (9) transferring the proton exchange membrane coated with the catalyst layer on the surface A and the back membrane to a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, releasing the proton exchange membrane onto the conveyor belt 1 through the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller of the roll-to-roll continuous coating machine, peeling off a protective film on the surface B of the proton exchange membrane, enabling the surface A of the proton exchange membrane and the back membrane thereof to be smoothly attached to the conveyor belt 1, completing coating on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane through the same procedures as the steps (2) to (8), forming a second catalyst layer, and finally winding through the catalyst layer winding roller again.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fuel cell catalytic layer continuous coating production apparatus comprises a coating area for realizing continuous coating, wherein the coating area comprises a conveyor belt (1) and a transmission assembly; the transmission assembly comprises a plurality of transmission rollers, the transmission belt (1) is wound on the transmission rollers in a tensioning mode to form a transmission loop, and the transmission loop comprises a loading transmission area; in the carrying conveying area, a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, a coating die head, an oven and a catalyst layer winding roller are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the conveying loop; the method is characterized in that:
a plurality of adsorption through holes (3) are uniformly distributed on the conveyor belt (1) along the length direction and the width direction in an array manner;
the carrying conveying area is provided with a negative pressure generating device, a static generating device and a static eliminating device; the negative pressure generating device is positioned below the conveying belt and used for generating negative pressure at the adsorption through hole (3) on the conveying belt (1);
both sides of the conveyor belt in the width direction are provided with a blank area (2) without an adsorption through hole (3); the static electricity generating device is used for transmitting charges to the white space area to realize the static adsorption of the proton exchange membrane on the conveyor belt; the static elimination device is used for realizing the static elimination of the coated proton exchange membrane.
2. The continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the conveyor belt (1) comprises a base belt layer (1-1) and a metal sheet layer (1-2) attached to the base belt layer.
3. The continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the negative pressure generating device comprises a closed air channel parallel to the conveyor belt (1), a plurality of ventilation fine openings which are arranged in an array mode are arranged on the side wall, close to the conveyor belt (1), of the closed air channel, and one end of the closed air channel is connected with the fan; and a filter element is arranged between the closed air duct and the fan.
4. The continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the static electricity generating device comprises a static electricity generator (6); the electrostatic generator (6) is positioned above the conveyor belt and between the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller and the coating die head; the electrostatic generator (6) comprises a plurality of electrostatic emission bars (6-2); the electrostatic emission rod (6-2) is used for emitting charges to the white space region (2).
5. The continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the conveying loop further comprises an empty conveying zone; the no-load conveying area is provided with an automatic cleaning device for cleaning the adsorption through holes (3), and the automatic cleaning device comprises a rotary cleaning roller (4), an ultrasonic cleaning pool and a high-pressure fan drying area which are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction;
a plurality of cleaning needles (5) which are in inserted engagement with the adsorption through holes (3) are arranged on the surface of the rotary cleaning roller (4);
the ultrasonic cleaning pool is used for carrying out ultrasonic cleaning on the conveyor belt after the rotary cleaning roller is inserted and embedded;
and the high-pressure fan drying area is used for drying the conveyor belt subjected to ultrasonic cleaning.
6. The continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein: the static eliminating device comprises two table type ion fans; the two table type ion fans are respectively positioned at the inlet and the outlet of the oven.
7. The continuous coating production equipment for the catalyst layer of the fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein: still be equipped with the dump bin in the no-load transfer zone, the dump bin is used for the rotation type cleaning roller (4) station department, ultrasonic cleaning pond station department and the garbage collection of high-pressure positive blower drying area station.
8. A production process for continuously coating a catalyst layer of a fuel cell by using the device of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the process is used for continuously coating catalysts on the A side and the B side of a proton exchange membrane; the A surface and the B surface of the proton exchange membrane are respectively covered with a protective film; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), releasing the proton exchange membrane onto a conveyor belt (1) through a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller; stripping the protective film on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane through a protective film winding roller to enable the surface B of the proton exchange membrane to be smoothly attached to the conveyor belt (1);
step (2), the static generator (6) works to make the surface B of the proton exchange membrane in the coating area electrostatically adsorbed on the conveyer belt;
step (3), the fan works, and negative pressure is generated on the proton exchange membrane through the ventilation fine holes on the closed air channel and the adsorption through holes (3) on the corresponding conveyor belt (1), so that the surface B of the proton exchange membrane is further tightly attached to the conveyor belt;
coating the catalyst slurry on the surface A of the proton exchange membrane through a coating die head to form a first catalyst layer;
step (5), the proton exchange membrane coated with the first catalyst layer is subjected to a primary static electricity removing process through a desk type ion fan at the inlet of an oven, then is dried through the oven, and is subjected to a secondary static electricity removing process through a desk type ion fan at the outlet of the oven after being dried;
step (6), after the step (5) is completed, the fan is turned off, and the adsorption of the first catalytic layer is stopped;
step (7), winding the proton exchange membrane coated on the surface A by a catalyst layer winding roller, and releasing the back membrane by a back membrane unwinding roller to enable the back membrane to be attached to the first catalyst layer;
and (8) transferring the proton exchange membrane coated with the catalyst layer on the surface A and coated with the back membrane onto a proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, releasing the proton exchange membrane onto the conveyor belt (1) through the proton exchange membrane unwinding roller, peeling off the protective film on the surface B of the proton exchange membrane through the protective film winding roller, enabling the surface A of the proton exchange membrane to be flatly attached to the conveyor belt (1), repeating the steps (2) and (7), finishing coating the surface B of the proton exchange membrane to form a second catalyst layer, and finally winding through the catalyst layer winding roller again to finish continuous coating of the catalyst on the surface A and the surface B of the proton exchange membrane.
9. The production process according to claim 8, characterized in that: the coating die head performs slit type gap coating on the proton exchange membrane; blank gaps are reserved around the proton exchange membrane coated with the first catalyst layer/the second catalyst layer, and conductive ions of the electrostatic generator (6) act on the blank gaps; and in the process that the conveyor belt moves along the conveying loop, the conveyor belt is cleaned by an automatic cleaning device in an idle conveying area.
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