High-pressure flushing type fish scaling and splitting machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish primary processing, and particularly relates to a high-pressure flushing type fish scaling and cutting machine for three processes of scaling, fish cutting and back opening cleaning.
Background
In the processing process of fish products or before cooking, complex pretreatment is carried out, fish scales are removed firstly, then abdominal organs and other impurities are removed, the traditional manual fish killing mode is still adopted in the market at present, the efficiency is low, and the labor intensity is high. In cold winter, people contact ice-cold water for a long time in the process of descaling, so that the injury to bodies is great, and the water after being cleaned and descaled does not flow and is not replaced, bacteria surround, so that the requirement on sanitation does not reach the standard, and the environment is easily polluted. In recent years, a large number of fish scaling and cutting machines are available on the market to replace manual work. However, most of the existing machines are mainly used for mechanical descaling, fish descaling is realized in a roller inclusion mode, a plurality of motors drive a plurality of mechanical rollers to rotate reversely at the same time, and descaling and belly opening are realized under strong mechanical pressure. The descaling effect of the machines is general, and the defects of heavy machines, high cost, complex structures and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provides a high-pressure washing type fish scaling and cutting machine which has the characteristics of simple and light structure, low cost, good scaling effect and labor saving.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a high pressure washes type and descales and dissects fish machine which characterized in that: the fish belly washing machine comprises a frame, install in the frame middle part and carry out the conveying subassembly that carries the fish from back to front, install in the frame and be located the conveying subassembly respectively and control the both sides in order to wash the high-pressure squirt of fish side fish scale, a plurality of groups drive assembly for driving the conveying subassembly motion, the setting is in conveying subassembly top and cooperate so that the clamping component who presss from both sides tightly the left and right sides direction of fish with conveying subassembly, the setting is in the clamping component top and carries out the adjustment subassembly that presss from both sides tightly to the vertical direction of fish with guaranteeing clamping component, the setting is in conveying subassembly fish outlet department in order to cut open the abdomen ware of cutting open of fish belly and set up respectively in the abdomen purger ware lower part about both sides in order to wash fish belly fish scale.
The conveying assembly comprises a plurality of groups of lower profiling cones which are parallel to each other and are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the fish and a plurality of leakage-proof stop blocks which are arranged between every two adjacent lower profiling cones to prevent the fish from falling; each lower profiling cone comprises a lower rotating shaft and two lower guide blocks, wherein the lower rotating shaft is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, two ends of the lower rotating shaft are rotatably positioned on the rack through bearing seats respectively, and the two lower guide blocks are coaxially fixed in the middle of the lower rotating shaft; the two lower guide blocks are both conical and fixedly connected with the conical parts, so that a V-shaped channel for conveying fish is formed between the two guide blocks.
In a group of lower profiling cones of the conveying assembly close to the fish outlet, the abdomen opening dilator is vertically fixed at the connecting part of the cone parts of the two lower guide blocks; the abdomen opening dilator adopts a slope type hob with a certain thickness; the hob and the lower rotating shaft are coaxially arranged.
The clamping assembly comprises a plurality of groups of upper profiling cones which are arranged above the lower profiling cones in a one-to-one correspondence manner and a plurality of hanging plates which are correspondingly arranged on two sides of each upper profiling cone and vertically guide the upper profiling cones; the hanging plate is vertically provided with a guide hole; the upper profiling cone comprises an upper rotating shaft which is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction and two ends of which can be rotatably positioned in the guide holes, and two upper guide blocks which can be slidably positioned in the middle of the upper rotating shaft along the axial direction of the upper rotating shaft so as to clamp the fish back; the two upper guide blocks are both arranged in a conical shape, and the conical parts of the two upper guide blocks correspond to each other; limiting baffles for limiting the axial movement of the upper rotating shaft are respectively arranged at the junctions of the two ends of the upper rotating shaft and the inner side of the hanging plate; and a clamping spring sleeved on the upper rotating shaft is arranged between the limiting baffle and the upper guide block.
The adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of pressing plates which are horizontally arranged above the upper profiling cones in a one-to-one correspondence manner and can move along the vertical direction, a plurality of vertical shafts which are correspondingly arranged above the pressing plates and are vertically fixed on the upper side cover plate, nuts which are arranged on the vertical shafts in a threaded manner, and anti-loosening springs which are sleeved on the vertical shafts and are fixedly connected with the nuts and the pressing plates at two ends respectively; the left end and the right end of the pressing plate are both arranged into an inwards concave arc shape; the middle parts of the two arc end surfaces of the pressure plate are respectively extended outwards to form clamping jaws; the clamping jaws extend into the guide holes of the hanging plate.
The high-pressure water gun comprises a water pipe and a plurality of high-pressure spray heads arranged on the water pipe.
The surface of going up profile modeling awl and lower profile modeling awl all has seted up the whorl to the increase is to the transport frictional force of fish.
The driving assembly comprises a driving motor; and the driving motor drives the corresponding lower rotating shaft through the chain wheel and chain pair.
The abdomen washing cleaner adopts a high-pressure spray pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for descaling fish by adopting a high-pressure flushing mode, which optimizes a heavy mechanical structure, ensures the descaling effect, and ensures that the descaled fish is cleaner and has no residual bloodstain and fish scales. Meanwhile, a slope type hob with a certain thickness is arranged at the fish outlet, when the fish opens the abdomen, the two sides of the hob can open the fish abdomen, and then the abdomen washing cleaner is used for washing and scaling the fish abdomen. The whole machine is relatively portable, the power transmission is simple, the cost is lower, the labor intensity of manual descaling is greatly reduced, and the machine is suitable for popularization and application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal three-dimensional structure of the concealed cover plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the lower profiling cone of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the leakage preventing stopper according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the abdomen opening dilator of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the upper profiling cone of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the adjusting assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the high pressure water gun according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
01. a frame; 02. a cover plate; 0201. a fish outlet; 03. a collection plate; 04. a lower profiling cone; 0401. a lower rotating shaft; 0402. a lower guide block; 0403. a sprocket; 05. a bearing seat; 06. a leak-proof stopper; 07. an open abdomen spreader; 08. a belly washing cleaner; 09. an upper profiling cone; 0901. an upper rotating shaft; 0902. an upper guide block; 0903. a limit baffle; 0904. a clamping spring; 10. a hanger plate; 11. pressing a plate; 1101. an arc-shaped end face; 1102. a claw; 12. a vertical axis; 13. a nut; 14. a locking spring; 15. a high pressure water gun; 1501. a water pipe; 1502. a high pressure spray head; 16. the motor is driven.
Detailed Description
The following further description is made with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
The high-pressure washing type fish scaling and cutting machine shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a frame 01, a conveying assembly, a high-pressure water gun, a driving assembly, a clamping assembly, an adjusting assembly, an abdomen opening spreader 07 and an abdomen washing cleaner 08.
As shown in fig. 1, cover plates 02 are respectively arranged on four side surfaces of the frame and the upper and lower sides of the frame so as to seal the internal structure of the scaling and fish cutting machine, through holes for allowing a high-pressure water gun to pass through are respectively reserved on the cover plates on the left and right sides, a fish inlet is reserved on the rear side cover plate, a fish outlet 0201 is reserved on the front side cover plate, and leak holes (the lower side cover plate is not shown in the figure) are uniformly arranged on the lower side cover plate so as to discharge waste water and fish scales after high-pressure washing; the frame bottom still inclines to be provided with the collecting plate 03 downwards, the collecting plate is located the below of lower side apron to conveniently collect waste water and fish scale, avoid the polluted environment.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the transporting assembly is installed at the middle of the housing so as to transport the fish from the rear to the front (i.e., in the direction of the arrow in fig. 2). The conveying assembly comprises a plurality of groups (four groups in the figure) of lower profiling cones 04 and a plurality of (three groups in the figure) of leakage-proof stop blocks 06. The four groups of lower profiling cones are mutually parallel and are sequentially arranged along the conveying direction of the fish; each lower profiling cone comprises a lower spindle 0401 and two lower guide blocks 0402; the lower rotating shaft is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, and two ends of the lower rotating shaft are respectively and rotatably positioned on the bearing block 05; the bearing block is fixed on the frame through a bolt. The two lower guide blocks are coaxially fixed in the middle of the lower rotating shaft so as to integrally rotate along with the lower rotating shaft; the two lower guide blocks are both conical and fixedly connected with the conical parts, so that a V-shaped channel for conveying fish is formed between the two guide blocks. The anti-leakage stop block is arranged between every two adjacent lower profiling cones so as to prevent fish from falling from a gap between every two adjacent lower profiling cones; the leak-proof stop block is fixed on the lower side cover plate in a welding mode.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in the group of lower profiling cones of the conveying assembly close to the fish outlet, the abdomen opening spreader is vertically fixed at the connecting position of the cone parts of the two lower guide blocks, and the abdomen opening spreader and the lower profiling cones synchronously rotate so as to split the fish conveyed to the fish outlet. The abdomen opening dilator adopts a slope type hob with a certain thickness, and the hob and the lower rotating shaft are coaxially arranged. The left side and the right side of the lower part of the abdomen opening dilator are respectively provided with an abdomen washing cleaner; preferably, the belly washer uses a high pressure nozzle to wash the fish scales on the belly of the fish.
As shown in fig. 2, the clamping assembly is disposed above the transporting assembly so as to cooperate with the transporting assembly to clamp the fish in the left-right direction. As shown in fig. 6, the clamping assembly includes a plurality of sets (four sets in the drawing) of upper profiling cones 09 and a plurality of hanger plates 10 correspondingly disposed at both sides of each upper profiling cone. Four groups of upper profiling cones are arranged above the four lower profiling cones in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and two ends of each group of upper profiling cones can be vertically and movably positioned on the hanging plate respectively. The hanger plate is fixed on the frame, and a guide hole is vertically formed in the hanger plate so as to vertically guide the upper profiling cone. Each upper profiling cone comprises an upper rotating shaft 0901 and two upper guide blocks 0902; the upper rotating shaft is horizontally arranged along the left-right direction, and two ends of the upper rotating shaft are respectively rotatably positioned in the guide holes of the hanging plate, so that the upper rotating shaft can vertically move along the guide holes; limiting baffles 0903 are respectively arranged at the junctions of the two ends of the upper rotating shaft and the inner side of the hanging plate to limit the axial movement of the upper rotating shaft. The two upper guide blocks are mutually independent and can be positioned in the middle of the upper rotating shaft in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the upper rotating shaft, and both the two upper guide blocks are arranged in a conical shape, and the conical parts of the two upper guide blocks correspond to each other so as to clamp the fish back. Be provided with the cover respectively between two guide blocks and the limit baffle that corresponds and establish the epaxial clamping spring 0904 of last pivot for different obese fishes can carry out the adaptability to the fish back and press from both sides tightly under two clamping spring's free regulating action.
Preferably, the surfaces of the upper and lower profiling cones are provided with a thread (the thread on the lower profiling cone is not shown in fig. 2) to increase the conveying friction force for the fish.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the adjusting assembly is arranged above the clamping assembly to ensure that the clamping assembly clamps the fish in the vertical direction. The adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of (four in the figure) pressing plates 11, a plurality of vertical shafts 12, a nut 13 and a locking spring 14. The four pressing plates are horizontally arranged above the four upper profiling cones in a one-to-one correspondence manner and can move along the vertical direction; a plurality of vertical shafts are vertically fixed on an upper side cover plate of the frame and are correspondingly arranged above the press plates (in the embodiment, each press plate corresponds to two vertical shafts); the nut is mounted on the vertical shaft in a threaded manner; the anti-loosening spring is sleeved on the vertical shaft, and the two ends of the anti-loosening spring are respectively fixedly connected with the nut and the pressing plate. The left end and the right end of the pressing plate are both arranged into concave arcs so as to reduce the impact force of the pressing plate on the hanging plate; the middle parts of two arc-shaped end surfaces 1101 of the pressure plate respectively extend outwards to form clamping claws 1102; the clamping jaws extend into the guide holes of the hanger plate so as to vertically guide the pressing plate.
In the working process, after the fish to be descaled enters between the upper profiling cone and the lower profiling cone, the fish back supports the upper profiling cone, so that the upper profiling cone and the pressing plate move upwards along the guide hole, meanwhile, the anti-loosening spring is compressed, and the fish is vertically clamped under the elastic action of the anti-loosening spring and the gravity action of the pressing plate and the upper profiling cone. In addition, the elastic force action range of the anti-loosening spring can be adjusted by changing the position of the nut on the vertical shaft.
As shown in fig. 2 and 8, the high-pressure water guns are symmetrically installed on the frame and are respectively located at the left side and the right side of the conveying assembly, and the fish is descaled by flushing water under high pressure. The frame left and right sides is provided with two sets of high-pressure squirts respectively in this embodiment to two sets of high-pressure squirts slope is arranged, in order to avoid the high-pressure squirt to spray perpendicularly in the side of fish, makes the high pressure water along the direction blowout against the fish scale, thereby reaches the effect of scaling better, provides certain thrust to the transport of fish simultaneously. Each group of high-pressure water guns comprises a water pipe 1501 and a plurality of (three in the figure) high-pressure spray heads 1502 installed on the water pipe.
As shown in fig. 2, the driving assembly is used for driving the conveying assembly to move; two sets of driving assemblies are arranged in the embodiment, and each set of driving assemblies respectively drives the two sets of lower profiling cones to rotate. Each group of driving components comprises a driving motor 16, and the driving motor drives the two corresponding lower rotating shafts through a chain wheel and chain pair (the lower rotating shafts are correspondingly provided with chain wheels 0403). The driving motor and one of the lower rotating shafts are driven in a transmission ratio of 1:1.4, so that power transmission is realized, and a speed reduction effect is realized; the two lower rotating shafts are driven at a transmission ratio of 1:1 so as to ensure that the fish keeps a constant speed state in the conveying process. Other transmission modes such as belt transmission and the like can also be adopted between the driving motor and the lower rotating shaft.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the fish is clamped by the upper profiling cone and the lower profiling cone in the advancing process, wherein the fish back is clamped by the upper profiling cone, the fish belly is clamped by the lower profiling cone, and two sides of the fish are exposed at a water outlet of the high-pressure water gun. The high-pressure squirt washes the fish through the high-pressure shower nozzle, washes the fish scale that the fish both sides exposed clean, and simultaneously, the fish is carried forward under the thrust effect of profile modeling awl down and the impact force effect of high pressure water. When the fish is conveyed to the lower profiling cone close to the fish outlet, the hobbing cutter performs laparotomy on the fish along the fish belly, in the laparotomy process, the hobbing cutter with a certain thickness penetrates into the fish belly, the side face of the hobbing cutter props the fish belly open, and at the moment, the laparotomy cleaner washes fish scales on the fish belly to achieve the scalarotomy operation of the fish belly; the fish after being descaled is sent out from the fish outlet.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible, such as using a motor shaft of a drive motor or an output shaft of a reduction gear as a drive shaft directly. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.