CN112531038A - 一种薄膜双玻光伏组件及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种薄膜双玻光伏组件及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112531038A
CN112531038A CN202011226681.5A CN202011226681A CN112531038A CN 112531038 A CN112531038 A CN 112531038A CN 202011226681 A CN202011226681 A CN 202011226681A CN 112531038 A CN112531038 A CN 112531038A
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彭寿
徐根保
刘小雨
魏小涛
蒋继文
陈涛
朱登华
张宽翔
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Abstract

本发明公开一种薄膜双玻光伏组件，包括盖板玻璃与背板玻璃，盖板玻璃与背板玻璃之间依次层叠有背电极层、吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层，背电极层间隔设有一组第一激光刻划线，吸收前电极层间隔设有一组第二激光刻划线；每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层分别设有竖直的通孔，前电极层的顶面敷设有一组与通孔相对应的导线，导线的一端穿过通孔与背电极层相连、使子电池相串联；前电极层顶面两侧还分别设有汇流条；制作时依次通过制备背电极层、刻划第一激光刻划线、制备吸收前电极层、刻划第二激光刻划线、机械清孔、粘贴汇流条、预层压、层压盖板玻璃完成制备。

Description

一种薄膜双玻光伏组件及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及薄膜太阳能电池技术领域，具体是一种薄膜双玻光伏组件及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着薄膜太阳能电池技术的发展，铜铟镓硒(CIGS)薄膜太阳能电池得到越来越多地应用。
目前，CIGS薄膜电池的一般结构：玻璃基板、MO背电极层、CIGS吸收层、缓冲层及高阻层、前电极层。其中前电极层一般采用磁控溅射技术制备，因为前电极层所处的位置及功能，需要同时具备高导电性及高透过率，但是遗憾的是这两个薄膜性能不可兼得，若制备出高导电性的薄膜(薄膜需要做厚)就需要牺牲透过率、制备出高透过率的薄膜(薄膜需要做薄)就需要牺牲导电性。
玻璃基CIGS薄膜电池的前电极层和背电极层之间的一般连接方式是使用激光或机械刻划掉CIGS吸收层、缓冲层及高阻层，形成连接通道，然后通过在前电极层的制备过程中落入沟槽内的前电极材料形成前电极层和背电极层的连接导线。前电极层和背电极层的这种连接方式串联电阻较大，降低了CIGS薄膜电池的性能。
现阶段，为了提高前电极的透过率，提高CIGS薄膜电池的转换效率，国内外较多厂家开始研究使用丝网印刷技术或者涂覆技术制备金属栅线，但是存在较多问题，例如丝网印刷技术模板制备及使用问题较多，而且成本较高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种薄膜双玻光伏组件及其制备方法，该光伏组件能够在减少前电极厚度的前提下保证导电性，同时降低串联电阻，并且简化了制备工艺、成本低。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种薄膜双玻光伏组件，包括盖板玻璃与背板玻璃，盖板玻璃与背板玻璃之间依次层叠有背电极层、吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层，背电极层间隔设有一组第一激光刻划线；所述吸收前电极层间隔设有一组第二激光刻划线，第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线一一对应、使背电极层与吸收前电极层形成一组子电池；每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层分别设有竖直的通孔，前电极层的顶面敷设有一组与通孔相对应的导线，导线的一端穿过通孔与背电极层相连、使子电池相串联；所述前电极层顶面两侧还分别设有汇流条。
本发明还提供一种薄膜双玻光伏组件的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、清洗背板玻璃，在背板玻璃表面制备背电极层；
S2、通过激光刻划工艺，在背电极层间隔刻划一组第一激光刻划线，将背电极层分割为一组子背电极层；
S3、在背电极层上依次制备吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层；
S4、通过激光刻划工艺，将吸收前电极层间隔刻划一组第二激光刻划线，第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线一一对应，使背电极层与吸收前电极层形成一组子电池；
S5、通过机械清孔工艺，在每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层制备竖直的通孔；
S6、在前电极层顶面两侧分别粘贴汇流条；
S7、在前电极顶面贴覆带有导线的胶膜，导线与通孔一一对应；然后对导线进行预层压，使导线一端穿过通孔与背电极层相连；
S8、层压盖板玻璃。
本发明的有益效果是：
一、采用本结构组件和制备方法可以减少前电极层的厚度,一般前电极层厚度在1100nm左右,本发明结构的前电极层厚度可以降到500nm左右，既提高了薄膜的透过率又减少了靶材的消耗，显著降低了生产成本。
二、可以在减薄前电极层提高透过率的同时通过导线增加电荷的收集能力，增加导电性，提高了CIGS薄膜电池的性能。
三、子电池的尺寸可以根据具体的工艺进行设计或调整，提高薄膜电池的性能；例如可以把子电池的尺寸做大，可以减小吸收层因镀膜不均匀造成的薄膜性能降低的影响等。
四、导线直接与背电极层连接，可以降低前电极层与背电极层连接的串联电阻，提高了CIGS薄膜电池的性能。
五、相对于传统的制备方法，可以减少一道激光或机械刻划工艺，由于激光或机械刻划设备较贵，因此显著降低了设备成本，进而显著降低了生产成本；
六、不需要对现有的设备及生产工艺做大的改动，只需要增加机械清孔及预层压工艺，这两种工艺的设备成本较低，不会显著增加生产成本。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明：
图1是本发明的整体俯视图；
图2是图1的局部放大示意图；
图3是本发明的局部纵向剖视图；
图4是本发明的制备工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
结合图1～3所示，本发明提供一种薄膜双玻光伏组件，包括盖板玻璃11与背板玻璃1，盖板玻璃11与背板玻璃1之间依次层叠有背电极层2、吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层4，背电极层2间隔设有一组第一激光刻划线3；所述吸收前电极层4间隔设有一组第二激光刻划线6，第二激光刻划线6与第一激光刻划线3一一对应、使背电极层2与吸收前电极层4形成一组子电池；每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层分别设有竖直的通孔5，前电极层的顶面敷设有一组与通孔相对应的导线7，导线7的一端穿过通孔与背电极层2相连形成连接点9、使子电池相串联；所述前电极层顶面两侧还分别设有汇流条10。
结合图4所示，本发明还提供一种薄膜双玻光伏组件的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、清洗背板玻璃1，在背板玻璃1表面制备背电极层2；
S2、通过激光刻划工艺，在背电极层2间隔刻划一组第一激光刻划线3，将背电极层分割为一组子背电极层；
S3、在背电极层2上依次制备吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层4；
S4、通过激光刻划工艺，将吸收前电极层4间隔刻划一组第二激光刻划线6，第二激光刻划线6与第一激光刻划线3一一对应，使背电极层与吸收前电极层形成一组子电池；
S5、通过机械清孔工艺，在每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层制备竖直的通孔5；
S6、在前电极层顶面两侧分别粘贴汇流条10；
S7、在前电极顶面贴覆带有导线7的胶膜8，导线7与通孔5一一对应；然后对导线进行预层压，使导线一端穿过通孔与背电极层相连并形成连接点9；预层压一方面使导线线7与前电极层粘附良好，另一方面使导线7与通孔5区域内的背电极层2连接良好；
S8、层压盖板玻璃11。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制；任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同替换、等效变化及修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (2)

1.一种薄膜双玻光伏组件，包括盖板玻璃与背板玻璃，盖板玻璃与背板玻璃之间依次层叠有背电极层、吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层，背电极层间隔设有一组第一激光刻划线，其特征在于，所述吸收前电极层间隔设有一组第二激光刻划线，第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线一一对应、使背电极层与吸收前电极层形成一组子电池；每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层分别设有竖直的通孔，前电极层的顶面敷设有一组与通孔相对应的导线，导线的一端穿过通孔与背电极层相连、使子电池相串联；所述前电极层顶面两侧还分别设有汇流条。
2.一种薄膜双玻光伏组件的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、清洗背板玻璃，在背板玻璃表面制备背电极层；
S2、通过激光刻划工艺，在背电极层间隔刻划一组第一激光刻划线，将背电极层分割为一组子背电极层；
S3、在背电极层上依次制备吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层，吸收层、缓冲层与前电极层形成吸收前电极层；
S4、通过激光刻划工艺，将吸收前电极层间隔刻划一组第二激光刻划线，第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线一一对应，使背电极层与吸收前电极层形成一组子电池；
S5、通过机械清孔工艺，在每对第二激光刻划线与第一激光刻划线之间的吸收前电极层制备竖直的通孔；
S6、在前电极层顶面两侧分别粘贴汇流条；
S7、在前电极顶面贴覆带有导线的胶膜，导线与通孔一一对应；然后对导线进行预层压，使导线一端穿过通孔与背电极层相连；
S8、层压盖板玻璃。
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