CN112528095B - Rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoon generation - Google Patents
Rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoon generation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoons, which comprises the following components: the information collection module is used for reading future 384h sea level air pressure field forecast information given by GFS developed by the American national environmental forecast center every 12 hours, the data processing module is used for receiving the data information transmitted by the information collection module, and the data processing module is used for carrying out feature extraction on the received images of the sea level air pressure field forecast information so as to obtain typhoon grade information, typhoon geographic position and typhoon near-center air pressure value and visually displaying the obtained information; and the user service module is used for receiving typhoon related information transmitted by the data processing module, and performing tropical cyclone geographic position search, tropical cyclone strength type prediction evaluation and tropical low-pressure near-center air pressure value release.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of typhoon monitoring, in particular to a rapid query system for early warning information of a typhoon generation expected.
Background
Tropical cyclones pose a great threat to offshore navigation and operational bands. For shipping safety management personnel and offshore operation scheduling management personnel, a navigation scheme and an anti-station early warning plan of offshore operation are made in advance, and the method has great significance in guaranteeing the safety of offshore navigation and offshore operation.
At present, on typhoon monitoring and forecasting websites at home and abroad, monitoring and early warning information about typhoons, especially expected early warning information in typhoons over 10 days, are mostly oriented to professional weather staff, and even are specially used for analysis and research of professional typhoons forecasting staff. Due to the limitation of knowledge structures of shipping safety managers and offshore operation scheduling managers, the information of typhoon generation monitoring and early warning information is difficult to distinguish and select, so that the information cannot be effectively utilized to carry out platform prevention early warning planning on a navigation scheme and offshore operation in advance.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problems existing in the prior art, the application discloses a rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoons generation, which comprises the following specific schemes:
the information collection module is used for reading sea level air pressure field forecast information of 384 hours in the future, which is given by GFS developed by the national environmental forecast center, every 12 hours, and collecting sea level air pressure field forecast information of 240 hours in the future of ECMWF of the European middle weather forecast center every 24 hours;
the data processing module is used for receiving the data information transmitted by the information collecting module, extracting the characteristics of the received images of the sea level air pressure field forecast information, thus obtaining typhoon grade information, typhoon geographic position and typhoon near-center air pressure value and visually displaying the obtained information;
and the user service module is used for receiving typhoon related information transmitted by the data processing module, and performing tropical cyclone geographic position search, tropical cyclone strength type prediction evaluation and tropical low-pressure near-center air pressure value release.
The data processing module adopts the following mode when carrying out feature extraction on the GFS forecast image of the received sea level air pressure field forecast information:
firstly, screenshot is carried out on an original image, the content in the original image is identified to obtain a thematic text, dark color parts adjacent to a low-pressure central area are extracted, the dark color part area is processed into a white movable window, binarization filtering, image binarization and opening and closing operation are carried out on the white movable window, so that longitude and latitude values of the low-pressure area center on an original forecasting image are determined, the low-pressure area range is marked, and then image detection is carried out on the air pressure central value in the low-pressure area range to obtain the position and the central air pressure value of the low-pressure center;
performing color extraction on a low-voltage center adjacent area by utilizing the wind area range display characteristics in the GFS mode forecasting chart, and obtaining a maximum average wind speed value near the low-voltage center by utilizing a clustering method;
tropical cyclones are classified into tropical storms, strong hot band storms and typhoons based on the magnitude of the maximum wind speed near the center of the tropical cyclone according to regulations of the world meteorological organization.
Further, when the data processing module performs feature extraction on the pattern prediction graph issued by ECMWF of the received sea level air pressure field and 850hPa wind field prediction information, the following mode is adopted:
and (3) reading a region with wind power greater than 30 knots in a typhoon embryo-tropical disturbance low-voltage region of low latitude in the North Pacific ocean, setting a mask according to a set region threshold value, carrying out mean filtering, open operation and close operation processing on the mask to obtain a filtered wind field region, positioning the wind field region, selecting a minimum rectangle to include the wind field region, reversely calculating the position of a low-voltage center in an original graph according to the parameters of the rectangle, outputting the position to number the low-voltage center, and finally obtaining identification information, including the center position and the center air pressure value of a tropical disturbance low-voltage system.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rapid query system for the expected early warning information in typhoon generation can be used by domestic shipping safety management personnel and offshore operation safety management staff when middle-term route design or offshore operation platform prevention early warning planning is carried out for 10 days or more. The system intuitively displays the occurrence, development, expected development and other contents of the tropical disturbance which are most concerned by shipping safety management personnel and offshore operation scheduling management personnel on a system platform according to the result of the mid-term numerical forecast of the typhoon embryo tropical disturbance generation and development for more than 10 days by foreign weather institutions, so as to provide decision reference for quick inquiry of users,
drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a plot of ground air pressure field predictions provided by the GFS in the United states once every 6 hours for 384 hours;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the ground air pressure field forecast provided by European ECMWF once every 24h for 240 h;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the design effect of a system for quickly inquiring expected early warning information in typhoons;
fig. 6 is a diagram of the design effect of the system for quickly inquiring the expected early warning information in typhoon generation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present application:
the rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoons shown in fig. 1 and 2 specifically comprises an information collection module, a data processing module and a user service module. The information collection module reads sea level air pressure field forecast information of 384h in the future given by GFS developed by the national environmental forecast center of America every 12 hours, and also collects sea level air pressure field forecast information of 240h in the future of ECMWF of the middle weather forecast center of Europe every 24 hours.
The 384h (16 days) sea level air pressure and wind field forecast information given by the global forecast system (Global Forecast System, abbreviated as GFS) developed from the national environmental forecast center (National Centers for Environmental Prediction, abbreviated as NCEP) is shown in fig. 3. The system downloads the forecast information once every day from the website every 12 hours, thereby determining the forecast information of the tropical low-voltage system such as tropical disturbance and the like, including the data such as the low-voltage center position, the center air pressure value, the near-center maximum wind speed and the like.
240h (10 days) sea level barometric field forecast information from the European mid-term weather forecast center (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, abbreviated ECMWF), see FIG. 4. And downloading 24-hour forecast information once a day to obtain data such as the central position, the central air pressure value and the like of the tropical low-voltage system such as tropical disturbance and the like.
Further, the sea level air pressure prediction information is shown in fig. 3 and 4, wherein the prediction map information comprises an isobaric area range of different air pressures distributed by isobaric lines with a unit of 4hPa, a tropical cyclone ground wind field flow field, and wind intensities in different ranges can be represented by different colors in the prediction map, for example, in the GFS mode prediction map in practical application, cyclones and anti-cyclones are respectively highlighted by red and blue marks, and the central air pressure value information is simultaneously indicated above the high and low pressure marks, so that the method is clear and visual.
The data processing module receives the data information transmitted by the information collecting module, performs feature extraction on the received images of the sea level air pressure field forecast information, thereby obtaining typhoon grade information, typhoon geographic position and typhoon near-center air pressure value and visually displaying the obtained information. Firstly, screenshot is carried out on an original image to obtain a chart part, and chart questions are identified to the text content of the chart part; and then extracting a part of the low-pressure area, the wind level of which is greater than or equal to 7, processing the part of the high-wind wave into an active window, performing binarization filtering, image binarization, closing operation and the like to determine the longitude and latitude value of the center of the low-pressure area on an original prediction graph, marking the range of the low-pressure area, performing image-text recognition on the air pressure center value in the range of the low-pressure area again, and finally obtaining the value of the low-pressure center and positioning.
Further, the user service module receives typhoon related information transmitted by the data processing module, and the user service module performs tropical cyclone geographic position search, tropical cyclone strength type prediction evaluation and tropical low-pressure near-center air pressure value release. The shipping safety manager and the offshore operation scheduling manager register and log in the rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoon generation, obtain service authority, rapidly perform tropical cyclone geographic position query, tropical cyclone strength type estimated query, near-center air pressure value retrieval and the like, generate primary tropical cyclones for 10 days and more, and further deepen development monitoring early warning information.
When the established database and the actual application platform perform data processing, a unified interface program can be adopted to perform data extraction from a plurality of data centers, then the data extraction is connected to the interface database to realize data access, and the data cleaning, screening model construction, visualized system query and other analysis and preprocessing operations are started. And extracting relevant prediction results and parameters of the tropical low-pressure system on the graph in the operation flow, marking the central position of the tropical low-pressure system on the graph of the time-by-time prediction time, marking the central air pressure value and marking the expected strength of the tropical cyclone according to the near-central maximum air speed.
The tropical cyclone is classified into a tropical storm TS (tropical storm), a strong hot zone storm STS (severe tropical storm) and typhoon T (typhoon) according to the magnitude of the maximum wind speed near the center of the tropical cyclone, as prescribed by the world meteorological organization. See table 1.
TABLE 1 Tropical cyclone grade classification criteria
| Maximum wind speed near center | 34～47kn | 48～63kn | ≥64kn |
| Tropical cyclone rating | Tropical Storm (TS) | Strong hot belt storm (STS) | Typhoons (T) |
The intensity division aspect utilizes the display characteristic of the wind area range in the GFS mode forecasting graph to extract the color of the adjacent area of the low-voltage center, and utilizes the clustering method to obtain the maximum average wind speed value near the low-voltage center. The GFS display mode diagram of the rapid searching system for the expected early warning information in typhoon generation can mark the central position of the tropical low-voltage system, the central air pressure value and the air pressure value marked by the near-central isobar, and the expected strength of the tropical cyclone is marked according to the magnitude of the maximum wind speed near the center of the tropical cyclone and by referring to the table.
The rapid searching system for the expected early warning information in typhoon generation is converted into a pattern diagram of ECMWF, and the central position, the central air pressure value and the air pressure value of a near-central isobar mark of the tropical low-pressure system can be marked. The method is used for quick, convenient and visual inquiry of the expected early warning information in typhoon generation by shipping safety management and offshore operation safety management staff
Examples:
the workflow of the expected function in tropical cyclone generation is that an automatic downloading function is used, latest ground air pressure field forecast graphs from GFS and ECMWF are downloaded at regular time every day, image-text automatic identification software is used for identifying the forecast graphs at all times, the position and the central air pressure value of a low-pressure system positioned in middle and low latitude are found, and then marked on a base graph of the system at all times, so that inquiry is facilitated at any time.
If a certain tropical low-voltage area is identified as the tropical disturbance and numbered by NOAA, the number of the low-voltage area is marked at the position of the tropical low-voltage area, and a shipping safety manager and an offshore operation scheduling manager can call typhoon generation mid-term early-warning information for 10 days or more at any time according to the requirement.
When a fast query system is used in the hope of generating tropical cyclone, the embryo generation of tropical cyclone such as tropical disturbance or tropical low pressure is known when and where the future pacific ocean area in the northwest is.
On the left side of the predicted interface of GFS, it can be seen whether there is typhoon embryo, tropical cyclone such as tropical disturbance, for 384h (16 days) daily 0000UTC and 1200 UTC. If no such tropical low-voltage system exists, marking the column with the identification of the air pressure value and the intensity type below in accordance with "-"; if a tropical low-pressure system exists, but the tropical cyclone strength is not expected to reach the Tropical Storm (TS) and the tropical storm level or above according to the table, marking the central air pressure value of the system in the lower air pressure value column; if there is a tropical low pressure system and the expected intensity of the tropical cyclone reaches the Tropical Storm (TS) and above the tropical storm class, the barometric pressure value and intensity type are indicated below. If there is more than one system, the center air pressure value or intensity type of the lowest one is marked. Clicking the moment of interest, the system can display the specific position and central air pressure value of the tropical cyclone such as typhoon embryo-tropical disturbance and the like expected to be generated in the North Pacific ocean area at that moment.
The following figure 4 shows a design effect diagram (one) of a system for quickly inquiring expected early warning information in typhoon generation, wherein the design effect diagram (one) shows that after 2019, 7, 30, 0000UTC and GFS are predicted for 108 hours, namely, 8, 3, 1200UTC, the pacific ocean area in the northwest will have embryogenesis of three tropical cyclones, and the central air pressure value is 989hPa in the eastern ocean area of Philippines. Further looking at the forecast at a later time, it can be seen that the central barometric pressure value for this tropical low pressure system will drop below 940hPa, indicating that the probability that GFS predicts that the system will develop strongly, called typhoons, is great.
On the left side of the ECMWF prediction interface, information about tropical low-voltage systems such as typhoon embryos, tropical disturbance and the like in the North Pacific ocean are given for 240h (10 days) day by day (0000 UTC or 1200 UTC) in the future. Likewise, if no such tropical low pressure system is present, the central air pressure value of the system is indicated below the corresponding instant. However, since the ECMWF graph does not generally show the central air pressure value of the low-pressure system, but shows the isobars of the air pressure values, only a range of the central air pressure value of the system is usually given.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6 below, the design effect diagram (two) of the expected early warning information rapid query system in typhoon generation shows that after 2019, 7 months, 30 days, 0000utc and 72 hours of ecmwf prediction, i.e. 8 months, 2 days, 0000utc, embryos of 1 tropical cyclone exist in the pacific ocean area in the northwest, and the central air pressure value is less than 995hPa, so that the tropical cyclone can develop into a tropical storm class. This system was further deepened later, and low-voltage center values would develop below 985hPa into typhoons (tropical storm class).
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present application, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present application and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present application.
Claims (1)
1. A rapid query system for expected early warning information in typhoons is characterized by comprising:
the information collection module is used for reading sea level air pressure field forecast information of 384 hours in the future, which is given by GFS developed by the national environmental forecast center, every 12 hours, and collecting sea level air pressure field forecast information of 240 hours in the future of ECMWF of the European middle weather forecast center every 24 hours;
the data processing module is used for receiving the data information transmitted by the information collecting module, extracting the characteristics of the received images of the sea level air pressure field forecast information, thus obtaining typhoon grade information, typhoon geographic position and typhoon near-center air pressure value and visually displaying the obtained information;
the user service module is used for receiving typhoon related information transmitted by the data processing module, and performing tropical cyclone geographic position search, tropical cyclone strength type prediction evaluation and tropical low-pressure near-center air pressure value release;
the data processing module adopts the following mode when carrying out feature extraction on the GFS forecast image of the received sea level air pressure field forecast information:
firstly, screenshot is carried out on an original image, the content in the original image is identified to obtain a thematic text, dark color parts adjacent to a low-pressure central area are extracted, the dark color part area is processed into a white movable window, binarization filtering, image binarization and opening and closing operation are carried out on the white movable window, so that longitude and latitude values of the low-pressure area center on an original forecasting image are determined, the low-pressure area range is marked, and then image detection is carried out on the air pressure central value in the low-pressure area range to obtain the position and the central air pressure value of the low-pressure center;
performing color extraction on a low-voltage center adjacent area by utilizing the wind area range display characteristics in the GFS mode forecasting chart, and obtaining a maximum average wind speed value near the low-voltage center by utilizing a clustering method;
dividing the tropical cyclone into a tropical storm, a strong thermal zone storm and typhoons based on the magnitude of the maximum wind speed near the center of the tropical cyclone according to the regulations of the world meteorological organization;
the data processing module adopts the following mode when carrying out feature extraction on the mode forecast graphs issued by ECMWF of the received sea level air pressure field and 850hPa wind field forecast information:
and (3) reading a region with wind power greater than 30 knots in a typhoon embryo-tropical disturbance low-voltage region of low latitude in the North Pacific ocean, setting a mask according to a set region threshold value, carrying out mean filtering, open operation and close operation processing on the mask to obtain a filtered wind field region, positioning the wind field region, selecting a minimum rectangle to include the wind field region, reversely calculating the position of a low-voltage center in an original graph according to the parameters of the rectangle, outputting the position to number the low-voltage center, and finally obtaining identification information, including the center position and the center air pressure value of a tropical disturbance low-voltage system.
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