CN112525634B - Earth-rock mixture triaxial sample preparation device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Earth-rock mixture triaxial sample preparation device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112525634B CN112525634B CN202011309626.2A CN202011309626A CN112525634B CN 112525634 B CN112525634 B CN 112525634B CN 202011309626 A CN202011309626 A CN 202011309626A CN 112525634 B CN112525634 B CN 112525634B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture. Firstly, rapidly preparing uniform granular matrix soil meeting the target water content through a soil crushing mesh screen; secondly, loading the sample by a combined sample loading device, so that the rock blocks are uniformly distributed and do not expose the surface of the sample after the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture is compacted; and finally, demolding, reassembling, vacuum saturating and demolding the compacted triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture without damage to the demolding, and taking out the saturated triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture. According to the device and the method for preparing the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture, the triaxial sample of the saturated soil-rock mixture with the uniformly distributed rock blocks and the non-exposed rock blocks can be prepared.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering tests, in particular to a device and a method for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture.
Background
The soil-rock mixture is composed of rock blocks and matrix soil with extremely different physical properties, is widely used in human life, and has complex and changeable overall properties due to the extremely different mechanical properties between the rock blocks and the matrix soil, so that direct calculation and processing are difficult to be carried out by adopting a continuous medium theory and numerical analysis method, and the overall physical and mechanical properties are measured by adopting triaxial, direct shear, consolidation and other indoor tests at present due to higher field test cost.
The existing triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture does not have special sample preparation equipment and sampling equipment and method for a saturated sample. At present, the required water amount is directly calculated according to the target water content, and the rock block, the matrix soil and the water are mixed and braised for 24 hours to prepare the soil-rock mixture meeting the certain target water content. However, as the matrix soil has strong water absorption and is easy to form mud clusters wrapping water, the direct blending is difficult to generate a soil-rock mixture with uniform water content, and the long-time material stewing is needed to ensure the natural and uniform diffusion of the water, so that the time consumption is long, and the uniformity of the water is not easy to ensure, especially for soil-rock mixture samples with medium and small sizes.
At present 300 x 600 mm's jumbo size triaxial sample directly pours the soil stone mixture layering that the mix is good into system appearance section of thick bamboo and hits real system appearance, adopts long-time flood saturation afterwards, and the saturated sample of formation is directly tested. The medium and small-size samples of 100 multiplied by 200mm, 60 multiplied by 120mm, 50 multiplied by 100mm and the like are generally prepared by a three-flap mold saturator of a conventional geotechnical test, the three-flap mold saturator is placed into a vacuum saturation box for vacuum saturation after the sample preparation is finished, and the samples are sampled and loaded for testing after the saturation. However, by the above method for preparing the soil-rock mixture sample, it is difficult to obtain the soil-rock mixture sample with uniform distribution of the rock blocks and no exposure of the rock blocks on the surface of the sample. In an actual test, bias voltage is easily generated due to uneven distribution of the stones in the sample, the accuracy of the test is reduced, and meanwhile, the sharp stone edge exposed out of the surface of the sample is easy to puncture the rubber mold, so that a test accident is generated. And moreover, after the sample is saturated, the extreme physical property difference between the soil and the stone is further amplified, the adhesive force between the saturated matrix soil and the sample preparation cylinder is enhanced after the saturated matrix soil absorbs water and expands, the saturated soil and stone mixture sample is difficult to take out without damage, and the difficulty of the triaxial test of the soil and stone mixture is further increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a device and a method for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture, so as to obtain a triaxial sample of a saturated soil-rock mixture in which soil and rock are uniformly distributed and rock lumps do not expose out of the surface of the sample.
The utility model provides a soil-rock mixture triaxial sample preparation facilities, includes the combination dress appearance device, the combination dress appearance device includes:
the matrix soil separator comprises a separation funnel, a material barrel and a connecting piece, wherein the material barrel is arranged in the separation funnel in a penetrating mode, a gap is formed between the material barrel and the separation funnel, and the material barrel is connected with the separation funnel through the connecting piece; and
soil stone dress appearance ware, including dress appearance funnel, equally divide grid and connecting cylinder, equally divide the grid install in the connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder with dress appearance funnel is connected, the connecting cylinder can peg graft in the material section of thick bamboo.
In one embodiment, the soil breaking device further comprises a soil breaking screen which is used for breaking the mud mass into soil particles with uniform water content.
In one embodiment, the soil crushing screen comprises a fixed frame, a mesh screen and a fixed clamping plate, wherein the mesh screen is arranged on the fixed frame, the fixed clamping plate is detachably connected with the fixed frame, and the mesh screen is clamped between the fixed clamping plate and the fixed frame.
In one embodiment, the soil crushing screen further comprises a standing bracket and an adjusting piece, the standing bracket is rotatably connected with the fixed frame, the adjusting piece is connected with the fixed frame and the standing bracket, and the adjusting piece stretches and retracts to adjust the angle between the standing bracket and the fixed frame.
In one embodiment, the equalizing grid comprises an equalizing ring and equalizing sheets, two ends of each equalizing sheet are connected with the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, the equalizing ring is connected with the equalizing sheets, multiple groups of equalizing sheets are crossed with each other, and the crossed point passes through the axis of the equalizing ring.
A preparation method of a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture adopts any one of the preparation devices of the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture, and comprises the following steps:
inserting a connecting cylinder into a material cylinder, and inserting the material cylinder into a triaxial saturator;
filling matrix soil into a separation funnel, wherein the matrix soil is filled into a gap between a material cylinder and a triaxial saturator through a gap between the material cylinder and the separation funnel;
loading the soil-rock mixture into a sample loading hopper, and after the soil-rock mixture is dispersed by an equalizing grid, dropping the soil-rock mixture into the material cylinder;
and finally, drawing out the combined sample loading device and compacting the sample.
In one embodiment, the step of inserting the connecting cylinder into the material cylinder and inserting the material cylinder into the three-axis saturator further comprises the following steps:
selecting a mesh screen with a proper mesh size according to the particle size of the matrix soil;
calculating the water content, and mixing the matrix soil with water to form a mud mass;
kneading the generated mud mass in the soil crushing screen, and crushing the mud mass to form soil particles with uniform water content.
In one embodiment, the step of finally extracting the combined loading device and compacting the sample further comprises:
taking the sample out of the three-axis saturator;
wrapping the sample by using a preservative film, smearing a lubricant on the inner wall of the triaxial saturator, and then reloading the sample into the triaxial saturator;
after the sample was saturated in vacuum, the sample was taken out of the three-axis saturator.
In one embodiment, the step of taking the sample out of the three-axis saturator is specifically:
placing a cushion block at the bottom end of the triaxial saturator, wherein the diameter of the cushion block is the same as that of the sample, placing the cushion block at the top of the cylinder wall of the triaxial saturator, and knocking the cushion plate to take out the sample from the triaxial saturator; or
And placing a cushion block at the bottom end of the triaxial saturator, fixing the triaxial saturator, applying jacking force to the cushion block by adopting a jack, and ejecting the sample out of the triaxial saturator.
In one embodiment, the step of taking out the sample from the triaxial saturator after the sample is post-vacuum saturated is specifically:
the cushion block is arranged at the bottom end of the three-axis saturator, the outer wall of the three-axis saturator is provided with a protrusion, a steel ring is sleeved on the sample loading cylinder and is abutted against the protrusion, pressure is uniformly applied to the whole steel ring, and the sample is taken out of the three-axis saturator.
According to the device and the method for preparing the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture, the soil-rock mixture falls into the material barrel, the uniform grid can disperse the soil-rock mixture, and the soil-rock mixture is prevented from being accumulated into a dune. Simultaneously, because the soil-rock mixture is located the material section of thick bamboo, matrix soil is filled outside the material section of thick bamboo, therefore the lump stone is located matrix soil, and the lump stone can not contact the sample surface, can avoid the lump stone to expose soil-rock mixture triaxial sample surface. Therefore, the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture with the matrix soil and the rock-rock uniformly distributed and the rock-rock not exposed out of the surface of the sample can be generated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings, which are required to be used in the embodiments, will be briefly described below. In all the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembled sample loading device according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the matrix soil separator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the soil and rock sampler of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the combined loading device shown in FIG. 1 for loading samples;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a soil crushing screen according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a left side view of the soil crushing screen of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a triaxial sample preparation method of an earth-rock mixture according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating the formation of a homogeneous soil particle from a matrix soil according to one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating vacuum saturation of a sample in one embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sample taken from a three-axis saturator in one embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of wrapping a test sample and applying lubricant within a valve in one embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment in which the sample is again removed from the three-axis saturator.
Reference numerals:
1-matrix soil, 2-soil-rock mixture, 10-combined sample loading device, 12-matrix soil separator, 122-separation funnel, 124-material cylinder, 126-connecting piece, 14-soil-rock sample loading device, 142-sample loading funnel, 144-equipartition grating, 1442-equipartition ring, 1444-equipartition piece, 146-connecting cylinder, 20-soil-crushing screen, 21-fixing frame, 22-mesh screen, 23-fixing splint, 232-fixing screw, 24-standing bracket, 242-pin, 25-adjusting piece, 30-triaxial saturator, 32-valve, 34-bulge, 42-cushion block, 44-backing plate, 50-preservative film and 60-steel ring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, an apparatus for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture according to an embodiment includes a combined sample loading apparatus 10 for generating a triaxial sample of a uniform soil-rock mixture in which the rock blocks are uniformly distributed and the rock blocks do not expose out of the surface of the sample. Specifically, the combined loading device 10 includes a matrix soil separator 12 and a soil and rock loader 14.
Referring also to fig. 2, the matrix soil separator 12 includes a separating funnel 122, a material cylinder 124 and a connecting member 126. The material cylinder 124 is arranged in the separating funnel 122 in a penetrating way, and a gap is formed between the material cylinder 124 and the separating funnel 122. In one embodiment, the material cylinder 124 is located at the center of the separating funnel 122, and the gap between the separating funnel 122 and the material cylinder 124 is 1-2 mm. The material drum 124 is connected to the separating funnel 122 by a connecting piece 126. Specifically, the connecting member 126 is a steel sheet, and the material cylinder 124 is welded to the separating funnel 122 through the steel sheet. In one embodiment, the number of connectors 126 is 4, and four connectors 126 are evenly distributed along the circumference.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the soil and stone sampler 14 includes a sample funnel 142, a distribution grid 144 and a connecting cylinder 146. The connecting cylinder 146 is connected to the sample funnel 142. Specifically, the connecting cylinder 146 is welded to the bottom end of the loading funnel 142, and the diameter of the connecting cylinder 146 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the material cylinder 124, so that the connecting cylinder 146 can be inserted into the material cylinder 124. The equalizing grid 144 is installed in the connecting cylinder 146, and the equalizing grid 144 is used for dispersing the aggregated rock lumps.
In one embodiment, the equalizing grid 144 includes an equalizing ring 1442 and an equalizing piece 1444, the equalizing piece 1444 extends along the radial direction of the connecting cylinder 146, and both ends of the equalizing piece 1444 are connected to the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 146. The averaging ring 1442 is connected to the averaging lugs 1444, and the averaging ring 1442 is coaxial with the connecting cylinder 146. The number of the equal-distribution sheets 1444 is multiple, the equal-distribution sheets 1444 are intersected with each other, and the intersected points of the equal-distribution sheets 1444 pass through the axis of the equal-distribution ring 1442, so that the uniform dispersion of the rock blocks is guaranteed.
At present, in the process of calculating the water content, the rock block and the matrix soil are generally taken as a whole, the water content of the soil-rock mixture is calculated, and the difference of the water content between the matrix soil and the rock block is not considered. It is an objective fact that the water content in the matrix soil and the rock block is different, and the water content in the rock block is significantly lower than the water content of the matrix soil. The use of bulk moisture content will result in a matrix soil moisture content in the sample that is greater than the expected set point. While it is well known that the properties of the earth-rock mixture are greatly influenced by the properties of the matrix soil, the inaccuracy of the water content will further influence the correctness of the result of the whole sample.
In addition, adopt soil stone mixture directly to add the water mix at present, the piece stone forms high water content with matrix soil easily after the mix like this, the mud group of major diameter, and the mud group is difficult to distinguish with the piece stone granule and comes, and the mix in-process consumes physical power very much, and causes water content maldistribution in the soil stone mixture easily, though the material of braising can let moisture slow distribution even, nevertheless the material time of braising is longer.
Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, in this embodiment, the triaxial sample preparation apparatus for soil-rock mixture further includes a soil-breaking screen 20, the mud mass formed by mixing the matrix soil with water can be placed in the soil-breaking screen 20, and the high-water content mud mass is broken into fine soil particles smaller than the screen holes under the actions of gravity, the screen and the kneading force, and releases excessive water therein, and finally falls down to the ground to form soil particles with uniform water content. And then the matrix soil and the rock are mixed, the matrix soil and the rock are easily and uniformly mixed due to the dispersion of the soil particles, and the uniform dispersion of the soil particles is convenient for generating a uniformly compacted sample.
In one embodiment, the ground screen 20 includes a fixed frame 21, a mesh screen 22, and a fixed clamp plate 23. The fixed frame 21 is used for bearing the mesh screen 22, and the fixed frame 21 is made of light wood or aluminum alloy material with high rigidity. The mesh screen 22 is placed on the fixed frame 21, and the size of the aperture of the mesh screen 22 is determined by the maximum size of the soil particles required. The fixing clamp plate 23 is detachably connected to the fixing frame 21, and the mesh screen 22 is held between the fixing clamp plate 23 and the fixing frame 21. Specifically, the fixing clamp plate 23 is detachably connected to the fixing frame 21 by a fixing screw 232, and the fixing clamp plate 23 is made of a light wood plate or an aluminum alloy plate with good ductility. The fixed splint 23 can be disassembled into 4 parts, which is convenient for disassembling the fixed splint 23 and the fixed frame 21.
It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the soil crushing screen 20 may be a standard conventional screening test screen, with different soil crushing screens 20 being used for different particle sizes.
Furthermore, the soil crushing screen 20 further comprises a standing bracket 24 and an adjusting piece 25, wherein the standing bracket 24 is rotatably connected with the fixed frame 21. Specifically, the standing support 24 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 21 by a pin 242, and the standing support 24 is made of a lightweight and rigid wood or aluminum alloy material. The adjusting member 25 connects the fixing frame 21 and the stand bracket 24, and the adjusting member 25 is extended and contracted to adjust the angle between the stand bracket 24 and the fixing frame 21, so that the inclination angle of the mesh screen 22 can be adjusted. Specifically, the adjuster 25 is an adjustable fixing strap whose length is adjusted by an intermediate buckle. Of course, the adjusting member 25 may have other structures, such as a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, as long as the angle between the vertical support 24 and the fixed frame 21 can be adjusted by telescopic adjustment.
Referring to fig. 7, the invention further provides a method for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture, and the device for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture is used for realizing the method for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture. Specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S110: the connector barrel 146 is inserted into the material cartridge 124 and the material cartridge 124 is inserted into the tri-axial saturator 30.
Referring to fig. 4 again, specifically, the connecting cylinder 146 is inserted into the material cylinder 124 from top to bottom, and the top of the material cylinder 124 can abut against the circular table surface of the sample loading funnel 142, so as to fix the position of the soil and rock sample loader 14, and complete the assembly of the combined sample loading device 10. Then the material barrel 124 is inserted into the three-axis saturator 30, the diameter of the circular table at the bottom of the separating funnel 122 is the same as that of the three-axis saturator 30, the diameter of the three-axis saturator 30 is larger than that of the material barrel 124, and a gap is formed between the three-axis saturator 30 and the material barrel 124.
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 8, in one embodiment, before the step S110, the method further includes:
step S102: the mesh screen 22 having an appropriate mesh size is selected according to the particle size of the matrix soil 1.
Specifically, a mesh screen 22 with an appropriate mesh size is selected, and after the mesh screen 22 is mounted and fixed, the angle of the standing bracket 24 with respect to the fixed frame 21 is adjusted by the adjusting member 25, so that the soil crushing screen 20 is supported and fixed.
Step S104: the water content is calculated, and the matrix soil 1 is mixed with water to form a mud mass.
Specifically, after calculating the water content, because the mixture demand is less relatively in the experiment, adopt artifical mix's mode usually, mix matrix soil 1 and water simply, the high water content muddy water cluster that a large amount of sizes differ will be generated in this moment soil.
Step S106: the resulting sludge mass is kneaded in a soil-breaking screen 20 and the sludge mass is broken to form soil particles containing water uniformly.
Specifically, the generated mud mass is placed in the soil crushing screen 20 in batches, the gloves are worn to rub the high water content mud mass back and forth, and at the moment, the high water content mud mass is crushed into fine soil particles smaller than the screen holes under the action of gravity, the screen and rubbing force, redundant water is released, and finally the soil particles fall to the ground to form soil particles with uniform water content. After a short period of time, for example less than 24 hours, or for safety reasons, 24 hours, the water content of the entire matrix soil 1 is distributed uniformly.
Step S120: the matrix soil 1 is loaded into the separating funnel 122, and the matrix soil 1 is filled into the gap between the material cylinder 124 and the triaxial saturator 30 through the gap between the material cylinder 124 and the separating funnel 122.
Referring to fig. 4 again, in the sample loading process, the matrix soil 1 with total amount of 1/10-1/5 is separated, and the content of the matrix soil 1 can be determined according to the stone content of the rock lumps. The matrix soil 1 is poured into the separating funnel 122, and the matrix soil 1 can fall into the space between the material cylinder 124 and the three-axis saturator 30 through the space between the material cylinder 124 and the separating funnel 122 under the action of gravity, and is filled in the space between the material cylinder 124 and the three-axis saturator 30.
Step S130: the soil and rock mixture 2 is loaded into the sample loading funnel 142, and the soil and rock mixture 2 falls into the material barrel 124 after being dispersed by the equalizing grating 144.
Specifically, mix matrix soil 1 and lump stone and form soil stone mixture 2, then pour soil stone mixture 2 into dress appearance funnel 142, soil stone mixture 2 falls into material barrel 124 under the effect of gravity. The in-process that the soil stone mixture 2 dropped equally divide grid 144 can be with the lump stone dispersion of polymerization, avoids soil stone mixture 2 to pile up into the mound, and soil stone mixture triaxial sample polymer and lump stone distribute evenly. Meanwhile, matrix soil 1 is filled outside the material cylinder 124, the soil-rock mixture 2 is located in the material cylinder 124, and the rock blocks cannot contact the surface of the sample, so that the rock blocks can be prevented from exposing the surface of the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture.
Step S140: finally, the combined sample loading device 10 is drawn out, and the sample is compacted.
Specifically, the material cartridge 124 is slowly withdrawn from the three-axis saturator 30, thereby removing the combined loading device 10. And finally compacting the sample to obtain the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture which meets the requirement of uniform size distribution and has no exposed rock lumps on the surface of the sample.
Referring to fig. 9, at present, after the sample preparation of the medium and small-sized earth and stone mixture 2 is completed, the sample needs to be completely taken out after being subjected to vacuum saturation, and finally the sample is put into a tester for testing. However, after vacuum saturation, the test is soft, the direct sampling difficulty is high, and even if vaseline is coated on the inner wall of the triaxial saturator 30, the sampling is still difficult. Therefore, in an embodiment, after the step S140, the preparation method further includes:
step S202: the sample was removed from the three-axis saturator 30.
Referring to FIG. 10, in particular, the three-axis saturator 30 is a three-piece mold after the sample is compacted to the desired density. A spacer 42 is placed at the bottom end of the triaxial saturator 30, and the diameter of the spacer 42 is the same as that of the sample. At the top of the wall of the triaxial saturator 30, a pad 44 is placed on one valve 32, and the valve 32 is gradually separated from the sample by lightly knocking the pad 42. At the moment, the strength of the sample after compaction is objective because the sample is not saturated in vacuum, and the method basically does not damage the sample.
Or after the cushion block 42 is placed at the bottom end of the three-axis saturator 30, the three-axis saturator 30 is fixed, and a jack is adopted to apply jacking force to the cushion block 42, so that the sample is slowly ejected out of the mold. Also, because the sample is not saturated in vacuum, the strength of the sample after compaction is considerable, and the method does not cause damage to the sample basically.
Step S204: a preservative film 50 is adopted to wrap the sample, a lubricant is smeared on the inner wall of the triaxial saturator 30, and then the sample is reloaded into the triaxial saturator 30.
Referring to fig. 11, after the sample is taken out, the sample is wrapped with a layer of plastic wrap 50, and then a lubricant, such as vaseline, is applied to the inner wall of the valve 32 taken out of the three-axis saturator 30, and the sample is re-loaded into the three-axis saturator 30.
Step S206: after the sample is saturated in vacuum, the sample is removed from the three-axis saturator 30.
Referring also to fig. 12, the sample is specifically saturated in vacuum in a vacuum saturator. After vacuum saturation, because the preservative film and the two lubricating layers of the lubricant on the inner wall of the triaxial saturator 30 exist, the resistance between the sample and the mold is small, and the sample can be sampled easily at the moment. However, since the sample is softer after vacuum saturation, for the sake of safety, the pad 42 is placed at the bottom end of the three-axis saturator 30, the outer wall of the three-axis saturator 30 is provided with the protrusion 34, the sample cylinder 30 is sleeved with the steel ring 60, and the steel ring 60 abuts against the protrusion 34. Pressure is uniformly applied to the whole steel ring 60, and due to uniform stress, the sample is slowly separated from the die, and finally the integrity of the sample is ensured.
Above-mentioned three-axis sample preparation facilities of soil-rock mixture and preparation method thereof, hack mesh screen 22 can conveniently generate the even tiny soil granule of moisture with matrix soil 1, avoids generating the muddy water group, and the sample is hit to the soil granule homodisperse is convenient for evenly simultaneously, and more importantly is because matrix soil 1 granule dispersion, more easily with matrix soil 1, the lump-rock mixture is even. Due to the relation of the equal-dividing grating 144, the soil-rock mixture 2 cannot be accumulated to form a dune under the dumping process, and the matrix soil 1 is filled outside the material cylinder 124, so that the rock blocks cannot contact the surface of the sample. Therefore, the triaxial sample of the soil-rock mixture with the matrix soil 1 and the rock-rock uniformly distributed and the rock-rock not exposed out of the surface of the sample can be generated. The sampling method is different from the conventional saturated sample sampling method for the conventional medium and small-sized earth-rock mixture triaxial sample, the sample is taken out when the strength of the sample is better before vacuum saturation, then the sample is wrapped by a preservative film 50, vaseline is smeared on the inner wall of a triaxial saturator 30 to be used as a lubricant, and the sample is placed back into the triaxial saturator 30 again; after vacuum saturation, due to the double lubrication action of vaseline and preservative film and the adoption of uniform extrusion demoulding method, the saturated earth-rock mixture triaxial sample can be taken out without damage. Practice proves that the method has complete sampling and remarkable effect.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a soil-rock mixture triaxial sample preparation facilities which characterized in that, adorns the appearance device including the combination, the combination dress appearance device includes:
the matrix soil separator comprises a separation funnel, a material barrel and a connecting piece, wherein the material barrel is arranged in the separation funnel in a penetrating mode, a gap is formed between the material barrel and the separation funnel, and the material barrel is connected with the separation funnel through the connecting piece; and
the soil and stone sample loader comprises a sample loading funnel, an even distribution grid and a connecting cylinder, wherein the even distribution grid is arranged in the connecting cylinder, the connecting cylinder is connected with the sample loading funnel, and the connecting cylinder can be inserted into the material cylinder;
the soil crushing device further comprises a soil crushing screen which is used for crushing the mud mass into soil particles with uniform water content.
2. The triaxial sample preparation device for soil-rock mixture according to claim 1, wherein the soil breaking screen comprises a fixed frame, a mesh screen and a fixed clamping plate, the mesh screen is arranged on the fixed frame, the fixed clamping plate is detachably connected with the fixed frame, and the mesh screen is clamped between the fixed clamping plate and the fixed frame.
3. The triaxial sample preparation device for soil-rock mixtures according to claim 2, wherein the soil crushing screen further comprises a vertical support and an adjusting member, the vertical support is rotatably connected with the fixed frame, the adjusting member is connected with the fixed frame and the vertical support, and the adjusting member is extended and retracted to adjust the angle between the vertical support and the fixed frame.
4. The triaxial sample preparation device for soil-rock mixtures according to claim 1, wherein the equipartition grid comprises equipartition rings and equipartition pieces, both ends of the equipartition pieces are connected with the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, the equipartition rings are connected with the equipartition pieces, and a plurality of groups of the equipartition pieces are crossed with each other, and the crossed points pass through the axes of the equipartition rings.
5. A method for preparing a triaxial sample of a soil-rock mixture, which adopts the triaxial sample preparation device of the soil-rock mixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
inserting a connecting cylinder into a material cylinder, and inserting the material cylinder into a triaxial saturator;
filling matrix soil into a separation funnel, wherein the matrix soil is filled into a gap between a material cylinder and a triaxial saturator through a gap between the material cylinder and the separation funnel;
loading the soil-rock mixture into a sample loading hopper, and after the soil-rock mixture is dispersed by an equalizing grid, dropping the soil-rock mixture into the material cylinder;
and finally, drawing out the combined sample loading device and compacting the sample.
6. The method for preparing the triaxial sample of the earth-rock mixture according to claim 5, wherein the step of inserting the connecting cylinder into the material cylinder and the material cylinder into the triaxial saturator further comprises the following steps:
selecting a mesh screen with a proper mesh size according to the particle size of the matrix soil;
calculating the water content, and mixing the matrix soil with water to form a mud mass;
kneading the generated mud mass in the soil crushing screen, and crushing the mud mass to form soil particles with uniform water content.
7. The method for preparing the triaxial sample of the earth-rock mixture according to claim 5, wherein the step of finally extracting the combined sample loading device and compacting the sample further comprises the following steps:
taking the sample out of the three-axis saturator;
wrapping the sample by using a preservative film, smearing a lubricant on the inner wall of the triaxial saturator, and then reloading the sample into the triaxial saturator;
after the sample was saturated in vacuum, the sample was taken out of the three-axis saturator.
8. The method for preparing the triaxial sample of the earth-rock mixture according to claim 7, wherein the step of taking out the sample from the triaxial saturator specifically comprises the following steps:
placing a cushion block at the bottom end of the triaxial saturator, wherein the diameter of the cushion block is the same as that of the sample, placing a base plate at the top of the cylinder wall of the triaxial saturator, and knocking the base plate to take out the sample from the triaxial saturator; or
And placing a cushion block at the bottom end of the triaxial saturator, fixing the triaxial saturator, applying jacking force to the cushion block by adopting a jack, and ejecting the sample out of the triaxial saturator.
9. The method for preparing the triaxial sample of the earth-rock mixture according to claim 8, wherein the step of taking out the sample from the triaxial saturator after the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation specifically comprises the following steps:
and arranging the cushion block at the bottom end of the triaxial saturator, wherein the outer wall of the triaxial saturator is provided with a bulge, sleeving a steel ring on the triaxial saturator and offsetting the bulge, uniformly applying pressure to the whole steel ring, and taking out the sample from the triaxial saturator.
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