CN115284432B - Complex hypersurface artificial stone and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Complex hypersurface artificial stone and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115284432B CN115284432B CN202210899108.3A CN202210899108A CN115284432B CN 115284432 B CN115284432 B CN 115284432B CN 202210899108 A CN202210899108 A CN 202210899108A CN 115284432 B CN115284432 B CN 115284432B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
- B28B13/062—Removing the shaped articles from moulds by elastically deforming the mould, e.g. bending flexible moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
- B28B13/067—Removing the shaped articles from moulds by applying blows or vibrations followed by, or during, the removal of a mould part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
- B28B7/346—Manufacture of moulds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a complex hypersurface artificial stone and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining a target form, and preparing an S2 flexible mold: and preparing a flexible mold according to the target form, wherein the flexible mold comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, and forming holes matched with the target form are formed in the upper mold and the lower mold. S3, pouring artificial stone slurry: and injecting artificial stone slurry into the forming holes of the upper die and the lower die, connecting the upper die and the lower die, enclosing the forming holes of the upper die and the forming holes of the lower die into a forming cavity, and solidifying the artificial stone slurry in the forming cavity to form the artificial stone. S4, demolding the flexible mold: and separating the upper die from the lower die, and demolding in batches to obtain the complex superquadric surface artificial stone. The complex hypersurface artificial stone and the preparation method thereof can efficiently prepare complex hypersurface artificial stones with any size, any length-axis ratio and any sphericity in batches.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock and soil tests, in particular to a complex hypersurface artificial stone and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The content and morphological characteristics of the rock in the rock mass determine the overall mechanical properties and deformation behavior of the rock mass, and in order to quantitatively analyze the influence of the content and morphology of the rock on the mechanical properties of the rock mass, a large number of artificial stones capable of quantitatively representing the morphology of the rock mass are required to be prepared.
Currently, different cements are marked by different cement: sand: the water proportion can prepare the artificial stone with various strength, rigidity and stable physical property under different curing conditions. The prepared regular artificial stone has similar strength, rigidity and crushing property as those of a real stone block, and can replace the real regular stone block with high processing cost and processing difficulty in geotechnical tests.
The shape of the common stone block is mainly cuboid artificial stone, but compared with square stone which can only quantitatively reflect the size and the length-axis ratio of the stone block, the existing research shows that the three-dimensional hypersurface can quantitatively represent the roundness of the stone block and can more effectively reflect the real shape of the stone block. However, the processing difficulty of the block stone with the super-quadric surface is high, the processing cost is high, and a large quantity of super-quadric surface block stones cannot be prepared. The influence of the roundness of the block stone on the mechanical property of the rock-soil body can only be analyzed by adopting the hypersurface block stone in the numerical analysis, and the roundness of the block stone cannot be quantitatively analyzed in the soil-stone test process.
Although the regular artificial stone can be prepared by adopting the rigid mould, the rigid mould has high manufacturing cost, the hardened artificial stone is difficult to sample, the success rate of preparing the artificial stone is extremely low, the artificial stone cannot be prepared in batches, and the roundness of the block stone cannot be customized. Even the latest preparation method of the artificial stone with the flexible mould needs to inject the slurry of the artificial stone one by one and extrude the hardened artificial stone one by one, the preparation efficiency of the artificial stone is low, the actual geotechnical test needs cannot be met, and the ultra-quadric surface artificial stone cannot be prepared at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a complex hypersurface artificial stone and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems that the existing artificial stone preparation method cannot prepare artificial stones in batches, the artificial stone preparation efficiency is low, and the hypersurface artificial stone cannot be prepared.
The preparation method of the complex hypersurface artificial stone comprises the following steps:
s1, obtaining a target form: setting target particle size, long-short axis ratio, roundness and short-long axis ratio, and performing 3D printing; for the simple form, the product is obtained by direct purchase;
s2, preparing a flexible mold: installing a dividing sheet in a manufacturing box, dividing the manufacturing box into an upper part and a lower part by the dividing sheet, installing the target form in an installation hole on the dividing sheet, which is matched with the outline of the target form, injecting a forming solution into the manufacturing box, and taking out the flexible die from the manufacturing box after the forming solution is solidified; the flexible die is divided into an upper die and a lower die by the dividing piece, and forming holes are formed in the upper die and the lower die respectively in the target form;
s3, pouring artificial stone slurry: injecting artificial stone slurry into forming holes of the upper die and the lower die, connecting the upper die with the lower die, enclosing the forming holes of the upper die and the forming holes of the lower die into a forming cavity, and solidifying the artificial stone Dan Jiangye in the forming cavity to form artificial stone;
s4, demolding the flexible mold: the upper mold and the lower mold are separated, and then the artificial stone is separated from the upper mold or the lower mold.
In one embodiment, the molding solution comprises a silica gel solution and a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel solution to the curing agent is 100:1.
In one embodiment, the forming solution is equally spaced from the upper and lower surfaces of the forming solution to the middle of the dividing plate.
In one embodiment, the dividing piece is provided with a connecting hole, and a reserved column is arranged in the connecting hole in a penetrating manner;
taking out the reserved column from the connecting hole before the molding solution is injected into the manufacturing box, and allowing the molding solution to flow into the lower part of the manufacturing box through the connecting hole after the molding solution is injected into the manufacturing box;
and then inserting the reserved column back into the connecting hole so that the reserved column forms a penetrating bolt hole on the upper die and the lower die.
In one embodiment, the step of connecting the upper mold and the lower mold specifically includes:
buckling the upper die on the lower die;
the bolts sequentially pass through the bolt holes of the lower die, the connecting holes of the dividing pieces and the bolt holes of the upper die, and then the bolts are locked by nuts.
In one embodiment, bolt gaskets are arranged between the head of the bolt and the lower die and between the nut and the upper die so as to apply uniform pressure to the upper die and the lower die.
In one embodiment, the step of injecting the artificial stone slurry into the molding holes of the upper mold and the lower mold specifically comprises the following steps:
pouring the artificial stone slurry into the lower die and the lower die respectively, and strickling the upper die and the lower die so that the slurry does not overflow the dies.
In one embodiment, the step of separating the artificial stone from the upper or lower mold is specifically:
the method for stretching the part of the flexible mould and repeatedly rubbing the hairbrush is matched with high-pressure water flow for flushing, and the artificial stone in the upper mould or the lower mould is demoulded in batches.
The complex hypersurface artificial stone is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the complex hypersurface artificial stone.
The complex hypersurface artificial stone and the preparation method thereof have at least the following advantages:
1. the complex superquadric surface artificial stone with any size, any length-axis ratio and any sphericity can be efficiently prepared in batches, the real block stone can be further used as a target form, and the complex form artificial stone consistent with the real block stone form can be prepared in batches, so that the complex superquadric surface artificial stone has wide adaptability and operability.
2. The flexible mold is manufactured by only molding solution and target form, the manufacturing method is simple, the casting method of the artificial stone is simple, the operation is easy, no special equipment is needed, and the whole manufacturing cost is low.
3. The hardened artificial stone can be quickly and conveniently taken out of the flexible mold through the local stretching of the flexible mold and the repeated brushing of the hairbrush. The whole process is simple to operate, high in execution efficiency and capable of demolding complex superquadric surface artificial stones in batches with high efficiency and low cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described. Throughout the drawings, the elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of different circularities of a hypersurface artificial stone in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a complex hypersurface artificial stone in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the target shape and the structure of the segment according to one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a separator sheet and a manufacturing cartridge in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a segment mounted into a fabrication box and injected with a molding solution;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a flexible mold made;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the flexible mold of FIG. 6 assembled;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the upper and lower molds;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a partial deformation of a flexible mold, using a brush and water flushing.
Reference numerals:
10-target form, 20-manufacturing box, 30-dividing piece, 32-mounting hole, 34-connecting hole, 40-reserved column, 52-upper die, 54-lower die, 56-forming hole, 58-bolt hole, 62-bolt, 64-nut, 66-bolt gasket, 72-fixed shaft, 74-brush and 76-high-pressure water gun.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a complex hypersurface artificial stone according to an embodiment is used for preparing a complex hypersurface artificial stone. Wherein, the three-dimensional hypersurface is controlled by 5 morphological parameters, and an explicit equation and the 5 morphological parameters are as follows:
wherein R is i Representing radii in different directions, R 1 Radius in x direction, R 2 Radius in y direction, R 3 Radius R is the radius in the z direction i Controlling the dimension, the long-short axial ratio and the middle-short axial ratio of the stone block in different directions. x, y and z are the numerical values of the block stone in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, epsilon 1 And epsilon 2 The roundness index epsilon i controls the roundness of the stone block.
When εi=0, the stone block is a cuboid; epsilon i=1, the stone block is an ellipsoid; when εi=2, the stone was octahedral. It can be seen that the ultra-quadric surface can quantitatively describe the rock block forms with different roundness through the roundness index epsilon i, so that the rock block forms can be accurately and quantitatively represented.
Referring to fig. 2, specifically, the method for preparing the complex hypersurface artificial stone in the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S1: the target morphology 10 is obtained.
Referring to fig. 3, specifically, the target particle size, the long-short axis ratio, the roundness, and the short-long axis ratio are set, and then the target form 10 is generated by 3D printing. For the target form 10 of the simple form, it is directly available for purchase to save costs. In this embodiment, the target form 10 is a spherical glass bead.
Step S2: and (5) preparing a flexible mold.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, specifically, a flexible mold for making artificial stone with the making box 20 is selected, a rigid dividing plate 30 having the same size as the making box 20 is fixed at a certain height of the making box 20, the rigid dividing plate 30 symmetrically divides the making box 20, and the rigid dividing plate 30 divides the making box 20 into an upper part and a lower part.
In one embodiment, the dividing piece 30 may be in win-win fit with the manufacturing box 20, so that the dividing piece 30 is clamped in the manufacturing box 20. Of course, the divider 30 may be mounted within the manufacturing cartridge 20 in other ways, such as by a snap-fit or magnetic structure.
The dividing plate 30 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 32, the mounting holes 32 are uniformly distributed on the dividing plate 30, the target form 10 is mounted in the mounting holes 32, the mounting holes 32 are formed by precisely cutting by a machine tool, and the contour of the mounting holes is matched with the contour of the target form 10. In the present embodiment, the target form 10 is a sphere, the mounting hole 32 is a circular hole, and the diameter of the mounting hole 32 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the target form 10.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a molding solution is then injected into the manufacturing box 20, and the flexible mold is removed from the manufacturing box 20 after the molding solution is solidified. The split sheet 30 divides the flexible mold into an upper mold 52 and a lower mold 54, and the split sheet 30 is provided with the target form 10, whereby the target form 10 is formed with molding holes 56 on the joint surfaces of the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54, respectively.
In one embodiment, the dividing plate 30 is provided with a connecting hole 34, and a reserved column 40 is penetrated in the connecting hole 34. The four connecting holes 34 are arranged, the four connecting holes 34 are distributed on the dividing plate 30 in two rows and two columns, and the four connecting holes 34 are respectively inserted with a reserved column 40.
Before the molding solution is injected into the production cassette 20, one of the pre-prepared pillars 40 is taken out from the connection hole 34, so that the molding solution injected into the production cassette 20 can flow into the lower portion of the production cassette 20 through the connection hole 34, thereby filling the entire production cassette 20 with the molding solution.
After the forming solution is filled into the manufacturing box 20, the reserved column 40 is inserted back into the connecting hole 34, one end of the reserved column 40 contacts with the bottom wall of the manufacturing box 20, and the other end of the reserved column 40 penetrates out of the forming solution, so that the reserved column 40 can form penetrating bolt holes 58 on the upper die 52 and the lower die 54, thereby facilitating the connection of the upper die 52 and the lower die 54.
In one embodiment, the molding solution comprises a silica gel solution and a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the silica gel solution to the curing agent is 100:1, so as to prepare the airless molding solution. The distances from the upper and lower liquid surfaces of the molding solution to the middle dividing piece 30 are equal, so that the thickness of the prepared upper die 52 and the thickness of the prepared lower die 54 are equal, and the same acting force applied to the artificial stone in the subsequent artificial stone preparation process can be ensured. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the molding solution may be other solutions as long as it is capable of curing to form a flexible mold.
Step S130: and pouring artificial stone slurry.
In one embodiment, the molding holes 56 of the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 are filled with the artificial stone slurry, and then the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 are connected, the molding holes 56 of the upper mold 52 and the molding holes 56 of the lower mold 54 enclose a molding cavity, and the artificial stone slurry is solidified in the molding cavity to form the artificial stone.
Referring to fig. 8, specifically, the artificial stone slurry is poured into the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54, respectively, and the artificial stone slurry on the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 is scraped off so that the artificial stone slurry does not overflow the molds.
Then, as time increases, the fluidity of the artificial stone slurry decreases, and when the artificial stone slurry does not flow out, the upper die 52 is fastened to the lower die 54, and at this time, the molding holes 56 of the upper die 52 and the molding holes 56 of the lower die 54 are aligned to form a molding cavity, and the artificial stone slurry is provided in the molding cavity.
Then, bolts 62 sequentially pass through the bolt holes 58 of the lower mold 54, the connecting holes 34 of the dividing pieces 30 and the bolt holes 58 of the upper mold 52, and then the bolts 62 are locked by nuts 64, so that the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 are assembled together, and the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 are tightly attached, thereby producing a complete spherical artificial stone.
In one embodiment, a bolt washer 66 is provided between the head of the bolt 62 and the lower die 54, and a bolt washer 66 is provided between the nut 64 and the upper die 52 to apply uniform pressure to the upper die 52 and the lower die 54.
Step S4: and demolding the flexible mold.
Specifically, the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 are separated, and then the artificial stone is separated from the upper mold 52 or the lower mold 54.
In one embodiment, after 24 hours of preliminary hardening of the slurry, all bolts 62 are removed, separating the upper and lower molds 52, 54. Because the flexible mold and the artificial stone have a great difference in rigidity, the spherical artificial stone can be easily separated from the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54. The partially spherical artificial stone may fall directly during the separation process, and the remaining spherical artificial stone may be adhered to either the upper mold 52 or the lower mold 54.
Referring to fig. 9, for the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 to which the partially spherical artificial stone is adhered, the upper mold 52 and the lower mold 54 containing the spherical artificial stone may be mass-demolded by partially stretching the flexible mold and repeatedly rubbing the brush 74 and by combining with a high-pressure water flow flushing method.
Specifically, the flexible mold can be sleeved on the fixed shaft 72 by partial stretching of the flexible mold, the fixed shaft 72 stretches the flexible mold, then the hairbrush 74 repeatedly rubs the artificial stone, and the high-pressure water gun 76 sprays high-pressure water flow above to wash, so that the artificial stone falls off from the mold.
The invention also discloses a complex hypersurface artificial stone, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the complex hypersurface artificial stone. Because the target hypersurface particles meeting the specific size, the arrivals degree, the long-short axial ratio and the specific flatness ratio can be generated through 3D, the artificial stone with the same shape as the target shape 10 can be prepared in batches and high efficiency by adopting the method.
The complex hypersurface artificial stone and the preparation method thereof have at least the following advantages:
1. the super quadric surface artificial stone with any size, any length-axis ratio and any sphericity can be efficiently prepared in batches, the real block stone can be further used as a target form, and the complex form artificial stone consistent with the real block stone form can be prepared in batches, so that the super quadric surface artificial stone has wide adaptability and operability.
2. The flexible mold is manufactured by only molding solution and the target form 10, the manufacturing method is simple, the casting method of the artificial stone is simple, the operation is easy, no special equipment is needed, and the whole manufacturing cost is low.
3. The hardened artificial stone can be quickly and easily taken out of the flexible mold by the partial stretching of the flexible mold and the repeated brushing of the brush 74. The whole process is simple to operate, high in execution efficiency and capable of demolding complex superquadric surface artificial stones in batches with high efficiency and low cost.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the complex hypersurface artificial stone is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, obtaining a target form: setting target particle size, long-short axis ratio, roundness and short-long axis ratio, and performing 3D printing; for the simple form, the product is obtained by direct purchase;
s2, preparing a flexible mold: installing a dividing sheet in a manufacturing box, dividing the manufacturing box into an upper part and a lower part by the dividing sheet, installing the target form in an installation hole on the dividing sheet, which is matched with the outline of the target form, injecting a forming solution into the manufacturing box, and taking out the flexible die from the manufacturing box after the forming solution is solidified; the flexible die is divided into an upper die and a lower die by the dividing piece, and forming holes are formed in the upper die and the lower die respectively in the target form;
s3, pouring artificial stone slurry: injecting artificial stone slurry into forming holes of the upper die and the lower die, connecting the upper die with the lower die, enclosing the forming holes of the upper die and the forming holes of the lower die into a forming cavity, and solidifying the artificial stone Dan Jiangye in the forming cavity to form artificial stone;
s4, demolding the flexible mold: separating the upper mold and the lower mold, and then separating the artificial stone from the upper mold or the lower mold;
the partition plate is provided with a connecting hole, and a reserved column is arranged in the connecting hole in a penetrating manner;
taking out the reserved column from the connecting hole before the molding solution is injected into the manufacturing box, and allowing the molding solution to flow into the lower part of the manufacturing box through the connecting hole after the molding solution is injected into the manufacturing box;
and then inserting the reserved column back into the connecting hole so that the reserved column forms a penetrating bolt hole on the upper die and the lower die.
2. The method for preparing the complex hypersurface artificial stone according to claim 1, wherein the molding solution comprises a silica gel solution and a curing agent, and the mass ratio of the silica gel solution to the curing agent is 100:1.
3. The method for producing a complex hypersurface artificial stone according to claim 1 wherein the distances from the upper and lower liquid surfaces of the molding solution to the middle of the divided pieces are equal.
4. The method for preparing complex hypersurface artificial stone according to claim 1, wherein the step of connecting the upper mold and the lower mold is specifically as follows:
buckling the upper die on the lower die;
the bolts sequentially pass through the bolt holes of the lower die, the connecting holes of the dividing pieces and the bolt holes of the upper die, and then the bolts are locked by nuts.
5. The method for preparing a complex hypersurface artificial stone according to claim 4, wherein bolt gaskets are provided between the head of the bolt and the lower mold, and between the nut and the upper mold, so as to apply uniform pressure to the upper mold and the lower mold.
6. The method for preparing complex hypersurface artificial stone according to claim 1, wherein the step of injecting artificial stone slurry into the molding holes of the upper mold and the lower mold is specifically as follows:
pouring the artificial stone slurry into the lower die and the lower die respectively, and strickling the upper die and the lower die so that the slurry does not overflow the dies.
7. The method for preparing complex hypersurface artificial stone according to claim 1, wherein the step of separating artificial stone from the upper mold or the lower mold is specifically:
the method for stretching the part of the flexible mould and repeatedly rubbing the hairbrush is matched with high-pressure water flow for flushing, and the artificial stone in the upper mould or the lower mould is demoulded in batches.
8. A complex hypersurface artificial stone prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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