CN103487304B - Method for manufacturing remodeled sample of soil-rock mixture - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing remodeled sample of soil-rock mixture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103487304B CN103487304B CN201310463383.1A CN201310463383A CN103487304B CN 103487304 B CN103487304 B CN 103487304B CN 201310463383 A CN201310463383 A CN 201310463383A CN 103487304 B CN103487304 B CN 103487304B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering tests, in particular to a method for manufacturing a remodeled sample of a soil-rock mixture. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out layered sampling in a wild field; photographing and marking positions and distribution of rock blocks in the sample; processing the sample to obtain the detailed physical parameters of the sample; remodeling the sample in a room according to the detailed physical parameters; carrying out a mechanical test. According to the method, the consistency of the remodeled sample and an original sample can be kept, the influence of large granular rock blocks on the mechanical properties of the sample can be controlled, the influence of the position difference of the rock blocks in the sample on the test can be reduced, the test accuracy of the mechanical performance of the sample is guaranteed, the sample can be repeatedly remodeled after the mechanical test is finished, the same cross section is tested for multiple times, and the parameters of the mechanical test are accurately obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Geotechnical Engineering test field, particularly relate to a kind of soil-rock mixture and reinvent sample production method.
Background technology
Xu Wenjie, Hu Ruilin the article pointed out in " soil-rock mixture concept, classification and meaning ", formed since soil-rock mixture (Soil-Rock Mixure) refers to the Quaternary period, by having certain engineering yardstick, block stone, the particulate soil body and hole that intensity is higher form and have the extremely uneven loose rock soil-structure interactions system of certain rock-soil ratio.Soil-rock mixture roughly can be divided into the accumulation of random packing under gravity, current, glacial deposition, Weathering-residual, tectonization, artificial accumulation and mixed-stacking etc. according to the origin cause of formation.The feature of soil-rock mixture be block stone and between block stone and the soil body particle particle diameter differ greatly, block stone and soil body cohesive force little, to be easily separated, and block stone skewness.The unevenness of soil-rock mixture causes the complicacy of sampling, and the character of soil-rock mixture depends on again the position of its building stones, and particularly oarse-grained building stones (block stone) have a great impact it.
But no matter existing test method, be field condition test or simulation laboratory test, have very large defect.Field test can not revision test to same sample, the content of the building stones in its test sample unpredictable and particular location, thus cannot obtain the content of building stones, position to the impact of sample mechanical property, and the acquisition of mechanical property parameter is inaccurate; Existing shop experiment can not ensure to reinvent sample and original sample consistance, effectively can not control the impact of bulky grain building stones on its mechanical property, thus test findings has very large randomness, mechanical test poor accuracy.
Therefore, for above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of soil-rock mixture and reinvent sample production method.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soil-rock mixture and reinvent sample production method to solve field test due to can not revision test and problem that the content of building stones, position affect sample mechanical property and existing shop experiment cannot be obtained can not ensure to reinvent sample and original sample consistance and the problem causing sample mechanical test poor accuracy.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of soil-rock mixture and reinventing sample production method, it is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
S1, determine soil-rock mixture on-site sampling scope;
In-situ sampling position is determined, mark sample position, size and sample protection layer border within the scope of S2, at the scene sampling;
The soil body outside S3, excavation sample protection layer, makes sample and sample protection layer be in a dell;
Protective seam around S4, original position stage excavation sample, and stratified sampling, the take pictures position and distribution that mark block stone in building stones;
S5, the every layer of sample obtained in step S4 to be processed, obtain the physical parameter of this layer of sample;
S6, according to the position of the block stone obtained in the physical parameter of the every layer of sample obtained in step S5 and step S4 and distribution, in test apparatus, reinvent sample.
Wherein, in described step S4, first according to the block stone size information obtained when excavating the soil body outside protective seam in the setting height of sample and step S3, determine the sampling excavation number of plies, then according to the excavation number of plies, stage excavation protective seam and stratified sampling.
Wherein, described step S5 is specially: weighed at every layer of sample scene, seal preservation and number record, then transport indoor back, in indoor, every layer of sample is dried respectively and weigh, obtain the water percentage of this layer of sample, it is sieved simultaneously, obtain the grain composition of native stone.
Wherein, described step S5 is specially: weighed and number record at every layer of sample scene, and then on-the-spot oven dry is weighed, and records the water percentage of every layer of sample, and scene is sieved every layer of sample, obtains the grain composition of native stone.
Wherein, in described step S6, the sample water percentage obtained according to scene and the grain composition of native stone, at the native stone that indoor searching is identical with particle diameter with on-the-spot sample quality, layered configuration, reinvents sample.
Wherein, when reinventing sample in described step S6, at the block stone that indoor searching is identical with particle diameter with on-the-spot block rock land, then block stone is laid position corresponding to during stratified sampling in the sample.
Wherein, also step is comprised after described step S6:
S7, to test in test apparatus.
Wherein, after described step S7, repeat step S6 and S7.
Wherein, reinvent sample production method according to above-mentioned soil-rock mixture, it is characterized in that: in described step S4, if the particle diameter of block stone is greater than layer height, when being less than the sample setting height of 0.75 times, independent record block stone height in each layer; If when the particle diameter of block stone is more than or equal to the sample setting height of 0.75 times, then sample cancels, and returns step S1 or S2.
Wherein, in described step S6, according to water percentage, in every layer of sample, add the water of respective quality and stir, shelving more than 24 hours, soil-rock mixture layering being hit in fact and be filled in test apparatus; When sample is reinvented, retaining ring environmental temperature and humidity constant, and complete in section in continuous time and reinvent sample.
(3) beneficial effect
Technique scheme tool of the present invention has the following advantages: above-mentioned test procedure provided by the invention, on-site layering sampling in the wild, and the take pictures position and distribution that mark block stone in sample, then sample is processed, obtain the detailed physical parameter of sample, according to these detailed physical parameters, sample is reinvented in indoor, then mechanical test is carried out, the consistance reinventing sample and original sample can be kept, bulky grain block stone can be controlled on the impact of sample mechanical property, reduce the difference of block stone position in the sample to the impact of test, ensure that the accuracy of sample mechanics performance determining, mechanical test can repeat reinventing of sample after finishing, test of many times is carried out to same cross section, ensure the Obtaining Accurate of mechanical test parameter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that embodiment of the present invention soil-rock mixture reinvents sample production method situ sample position schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that embodiment of the present invention soil-rock mixture is reinvented in sample production method and excavated soil body schematic diagram outside sample protection layer;
Fig. 3 is that embodiment of the present invention soil-rock mixture reinvents stratified sampling schematic diagram in sample production method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The soil-rock mixture that the embodiment of the present invention provides reinvents sample production method, comprises the following steps: determine on-site sampling place; Determine in-situ sampling position; The soil body outside excavation sample protection layer; Determine the sampling excavation number of plies; Original position stage excavation samples; Sample pretreating; Sample is reinvented; And test.Below will do one to each step to introduce in detail.
S1, determine soil-rock mixture on-site sampling scope.According to engineering investigation designing requirement, determine on-site sampling place scope, require that within the scope of sampling, ground is substantially smooth, earth's surface is without other coverture, ensure that institute's end face of materialsing distance earth's surface degree of depth is identical and the initial dense state of sample is identical, reduce sample in situ grain composition, distribution of particles situation otherness and dense state to the impact of test findings.
In-situ sampling position is determined, mark sample position, size and sample protection layer border within the scope of S2, at the scene sampling.As shown in Figure 1, specimen size needed for sample direct shear test (direct shear test specimen length × width × be highly L × L × H) is reinvented according to indoor or scene, draw the line at sampling spot and interiorly determine that on same straight line, number is not less than the sample in situ sample position of 3, sample in situ adjacent boundary spacing meets associated field sampling standard (or 0.75H × 2+M, sample particular location and size and protective seam outer boundary scope is marked respectively with pulverized limestone, wherein, 0.75H is the protective layer thickness that the every limit of sample in situ is reserved, M is sample protection layer outside surface spacing, usual desirable 150cm), to guarantee in sampling process simultaneously surface, sample position and near stacking weight, reduce the impact on sample.
The soil body outside S3, excavation sample protection layer, makes sample and sample protection layer be in a dell.As shown in Figure 2, require that sample surrounding is reserved protective layer thickness and is 0.75H after excavation, sample upper protective layer end face absolute altitude needs comprehensively to determine according to engineering geologic investigation data and design, but should ensure that all sample protection layer end face absolute altitudes are identical; Sample in situ protective seam outside surface spacing is 150cm, and sample protection layer outside surface distance heatable adobe sleeping platform surrounding minimum spacing all should not be less than M, usually gets 150cm; Outside sample in situ protective seam, 0.75H encloses in interior soil excavation process and answers layering evenly to excavate, and reduces the disturbance of excavating sample and protective seam, and every layer of excavation thickness is 0.15H, determines largest block stone particle diameter d within the scope of specimen height
maxthe block stone of 0.05H is greater than along specimen height distribution situation with particle diameter.
S4, according to the block stone size information obtained when excavating the soil body outside protective seam in the setting height of sample and step S3, determine the sampling excavation number of plies, then according to the excavation number of plies, stage excavation protective seam and stratified sampling.Particularly, according to the largest block stone particle diameter d that soil excavation within the scope of 0.5H outside sample in situ protective seam obtains
max, the particle diameter block stone that is greater than 0.05H comprehensively determines sample excavation in layers along the distribution situation of specimen height and indoor specimen height H, sample in situ divides 6 ~ 12 layers to carry out excavation sampling.
Protective seam around S5, original position stage excavation sample, and stratified sampling, take pictures mark stage excavation protective seam and stratified sampling time the position of block stone and distribution.Particularly, as shown in Figure 3, small instruments and tools is adopted manually carefully to be excavated by the protective seam at sample in situ top, after arriving sample top, the survey instruments such as scale are placed in sample protection layer top, a scale is provided, is convenient for measuring out the position of stone in sample excavation face, take pictures mark stone position, sample top and distribution; Remove the bottom of sample surrounding protective seam to ground floor position, sample top, the boundary position that stone is positioned at sample and protective seam if exist, after building stones are dug out, measuring and calculating building stones are positioned at the volume of sample, the building stones that at the scene, in soil-rock mixture, selected shape is similar to the block stone part being positioned at sample to volume substitute, and are positioned over identical position; To height H ' ground floor sample in situ carry out stage excavation sampling, layer height H after " getting 0.05H ~ 0.07H, sample every layering excavation height H " and all should the survey instruments such as scale be set up, mark every layer, sample stone distribution of taking pictures.
If when layer height is greater than 0.05H, the height of every 0.05H is taken pictures once, the position of record building stones.Building stones particle diameter is greater than to the especially big building stones of layer height, its height shared by every one deck need be recorded separately.If have the particle diameter of building stones to be greater than 0.75H in this place's sample, then this sample cancels, and can not use.
S6, by the sample of every layer, weigh in scene (being accurate to 0.01g), and sealing is preserved, and number record, transports indoor back, dries respectively and weighs, obtain the water percentage of this layer of sample, sieve simultaneously, obtain the grain composition of native stone in indoor to sample, record data.
S7, according to the position of the block stone obtained in the water percentage of the every layer of sample obtained in step S6 and step S5 and distribution, reinvent sample in indoor.Particularly, according to water percentage, the water of respective quality is added and the shelving more than 24 hours that stirs in every layer of sample, soil-rock mixture is filled into test apparatus, particle diameter is greater than to the building stones of 0.05H, will according to photo captured during field sampling, strict is placed in identical position, uses small instruments and tools will try sample compacting to corresponding layer height.For shear test, control shearing is cracked and is of a size of (1/3-1/4) d
max, sample fills principle that level can stagger according to layer height and layered suture and determines, and is generally 3 or 5 layers.Building stones particle diameter in sample being greater than 0.05H according to the position of record of taking a picture place, filled by the height of sample according to 3 or 5 layers, then every one deck hits real in requiring height, after every layer of surface plane hair, fill the 2nd layer again, repeat above-mentioned steps to last one deck, flattened faces.When sample is reinvented, keep environment temperature and humidity constant, and complete in section in continuous time as far as possible and reinvent sample, reduce the impact that external environment is reinvented sample.
S8, the sample reinvented is placed in sample instrument and tests.The tests such as direct shear test, triaxial test, consolidation test can be carried out to the sample reinvented.
After having tested, can refer to the method for field sampling, soil-stone material takes out by layering from instrument, continues to reinvent sample according to the 6th step and the 7th step, carries out the test of (such as drying and watering cycle, state of saturation etc.) under revision test or different operating mode.
The above-mentioned test procedure that the present embodiment provides, on-site layering samples and sample is transported back indoor oven dry and weighs and sieve in the wild, obtain the detailed physical supplemental characteristic of sample, according to these detailed physical parameters, sample is reinvented in indoor, then shear test or other tests is carried out, solve existing test method can not repeat to test to same sample the problem measuring its mechanical property, ensure that the accuracy of sample mechanics performance determining, simultaneously, by position and the distribution of block stone in take pictures during stratified sampling mark protective seam and sample layer, then when reinventing sample at identical position of sound production block stone, strengthen building stones to testing the predictable of impact, ensure that and reinvent sample and original sample consistance, reduce the difference of block stone position in the sample to the impact of test.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 walks at S6 with the difference of embodiment 1.
In the present embodiment, the difference that S6 step and S6 in embodiment 1 walk is: after stage excavation sample, (being accurate to 0.01g) is weighed at every layer of sample scene, scene is sieved, obtain the grain composition of soil, stone, on-the-spot oven dry is weighed, the water percentage of every layer of native stone of survey.Be greater than the especially big building stones of layer height for block stone particle diameter, need apparent size, the quality of independent Taking Pictures recording building stones, obtain corresponding data so at the scene.
Then, according to the data that scene obtains, find near indoor or other test sites and quality during stratified sampling in step 5, soil, stone that particle diameter is identical, soil, the stone of layered configuration every layer needs.Especially building stones particle diameter is greater than to the especially big building stones of layer height, the building stones that apparent size, quality are identical need be used to substitute.
In the present embodiment, on-the-spot in the wild every layer of sample to be weighed screening, obtain the water percentage of sample, building stones grating and distribution parameter, then find in addition in indoor and quality during stratified sampling, native stone that particle diameter is identical, do not need big machinery that sample is moved back to indoor from field, time saving and energy saving, and avoid sample in the problem that likely can change in transit the proterties such as sample compactness, native stone position.
In sum, soil-rock mixture provided by the invention reinvents sample production method obtains sample detailed physical parameter by above-mentioned steps, to complete in indoor according to the detailed physical parameter of sample and reinvent sample, then mechanical test is carried out, keep reinventing sample and original sample consistance, reduce the difference of block stone position in the sample to the impact of test, ensure that the accuracy of sample mechanics performance determining, mechanical test can repeat reinventing of sample after finishing, test of many times is carried out to same cross section, ensure that the Obtaining Accurate of mechanical test parameter, and the parameter that can obtain under different operating mode, adopt above-mentioned steps, carry out sample at the native stone that indoor searching is identical with particle diameter with on-the-spot sample quality and reinvent, do not need big machinery that sample is moved back to indoor from field, time saving and energy saving, when sampling, being designed with protective seam, can sampling quality being improved, experimental field sample in the wild, sample is nonconforming can change sample position at any time, can ensure sample mass equally.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. soil-rock mixture reinvents a sample production method, it is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
S1, determine soil-rock mixture on-site sampling scope;
In-situ sampling position is determined, mark sample position, size and sample protection layer border within the scope of S2, at the scene sampling;
The soil body outside S3, excavation sample protection layer, makes sample and sample protection layer be in a dell;
Protective seam around S4, original position stage excavation sample, and stratified sampling, the take pictures position and distribution that mark block stone in building stones;
S5, the every layer of sample obtained in step S4 to be processed, obtain water percentage and the grain composition of this layer of sample;
S6, according to the position of the block stone obtained in the water percentage of the every layer of sample obtained in step S5 and grain composition and step S4 and distribution, in test apparatus, reinvent sample.
2. soil-rock mixture according to claim 1 reinvents sample production method; it is characterized in that: in described step S4; first according to the block stone size information obtained when excavating the soil body outside protective seam in the setting height of sample and step S3; determine the sampling excavation number of plies; then according to the excavation number of plies, stage excavation protective seam and stratified sampling.
3. soil-rock mixture according to claim 2 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: described step S5 is specially: weighed in every layer of sample scene, seal preservation and number record, then indoor are transported back, in indoor, every layer of sample is dried respectively and weigh, obtain the water percentage of this layer of sample, it is sieved simultaneously, obtain the grain composition of native stone.
4. soil-rock mixture according to claim 2 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: described step S5 is specially: is weighed and number record in every layer of sample scene, then on-the-spot oven dry is weighed, record the water percentage of every layer of sample, scene is sieved every layer of sample, obtains the grain composition of native stone.
5. soil-rock mixture according to claim 4 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: in described step S6, the sample water percentage obtained according to scene and the grain composition of native stone, at the native stone that indoor searching is identical with particle diameter with on-the-spot sample quality, layered configuration, reinvents sample.
6. soil-rock mixture according to claim 5 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: when reinventing sample in described step S6, at the block stone that indoor searching is identical with particle diameter with on-the-spot block rock land, then block stone is laid position corresponding to during stratified sampling in the sample.
7. soil-rock mixture according to claim 1 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: also comprise step after described step S6:
S7, to test in test apparatus.
8. soil-rock mixture according to claim 7 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: after described step S7, repeats step S6 and S7.
9. the soil-rock mixture according to any one of claim 2-8 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: in described step S4, if the particle diameter of block stone is greater than layer height, when being less than the sample setting height of 0.75 times, independent record block stone height in each layer; If when the particle diameter of block stone is more than or equal to the sample setting height of 0.75 times, then sample cancels, and returns step S1 or S2.
10. the soil-rock mixture according to claim 3 or 4 reinvents sample production method, it is characterized in that: in described step S6, according to water percentage, in every layer of sample, add the water of respective quality and stir, shelving more than 24 hours, hits soil-rock mixture layering in fact and is filled in test apparatus; When sample is reinvented, retaining ring environmental temperature and humidity constant, and complete in section in continuous time and reinvent sample.
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| CN105424430A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-23 | 河海大学 | Manufacturing method of cemented soil and stone mixed sample |
| CN109187068B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for collecting and manufacturing 1m undisturbed monolith of multi-gravel soil |
| CN112525634B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-12-21 | 重庆大学 | Earth-rock mixture triaxial sample preparation device and preparation method thereof |
| CN113970466A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-25 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device and method for manufacturing large-scale direct shear test sample of coarse-grained soil under action of on-site dry-wet cycle |
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| CN101598658B (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2011-08-17 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Servo-control earth-rockfill mixture transformation permeameter |
| CN102095650B (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-12-05 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Method for testing strength of soil-rock mixture |
| CN102620997B (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Contracting-expanding type earth-rock hybrid normal position mechanical property measuring device |
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