CN112525115A - Sea cliff sea erosion groove geometric form measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents

Sea cliff sea erosion groove geometric form measuring device and measuring method Download PDF

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CN112525115A
CN112525115A CN202011191092.8A CN202011191092A CN112525115A CN 112525115 A CN112525115 A CN 112525115A CN 202011191092 A CN202011191092 A CN 202011191092A CN 112525115 A CN112525115 A CN 112525115A
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sea
hose
pressure sensor
red ink
data
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CN112525115B (en
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常方强
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Huaqiao University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B13/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids
    • G01B13/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of fluids for measuring contours or curvatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量装置和测量方法，装置具体包括软管、U形钉、压力传感器、读数仪、数据线和红墨水，所述软管沿着海蚀槽的剖面铺设，所述U形钉打入到海崖土体内，用以将软管固定在海蚀槽土体上；压力传感器连接软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端；读数仪通过数据线连接压力传感器用以读取压力传感器的数据，并计算出压力值；测量时，红墨水分次加入到软管内部；本发明提出一种新的海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量装置和测量方法，具有结构简单、实施方便和结果可靠的优点。

Figure 202011191092

The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the geometric shape of a sea cliff and sea erosion groove. The device specifically includes a hose, a staple, a pressure sensor, a reading instrument, a data line and red ink. The hose is along the section of the sea erosion groove. For laying, the U-shaped nail is driven into the sea cliff soil to fix the hose on the soil of the sea trough; the pressure sensor is connected to the end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea trough; the reading instrument is connected to the pressure sensor through the data line to The data of the pressure sensor is read, and the pressure value is calculated; during the measurement, red ink is added to the inside of the hose in stages; the invention provides a new geometrical measurement device and measurement method for sea cliffs and sea erosion grooves, which have the advantages of simple structure and easy implementation. The advantages of convenience and reliable results.

Figure 202011191092

Description

Sea cliff sea erosion groove geometric form measuring device and measuring method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coastal erosion protection, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the geometrical form of a sea cliff sea erosion groove.
Background
The sea erosion groove is a landform phenomenon which develops on the cliff foot of the sea under the long-term action of waves, is generally groove-shaped, defines the geometric form of the sea erosion groove, and has important significance for analyzing the stability of an overlying soil body, analyzing the erosion law of the cliff and the like. Heretofore, patent application No. 201610541469.5 proposed a method using a vertical bar and a tape measure for measuring the geometric form of a sea erosion groove, but this method requires a pit to be dug in the bottom of a cliff to embed a foundation, and is complicated to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a novel device and a method for measuring the geometric form of the sea corrosion groove of the sea cliff, which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in implementation and reliable result.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a geometrical morphology measuring device for a sea cliff sea erosion groove comprises a hose, U-shaped nails, a pressure sensor, a reading instrument, a data line and red ink, wherein the hose is laid along the section of the sea erosion groove, and the U-shaped nails are driven into the sea cliff soil body to fix the hose on the sea erosion groove soil body; the pressure sensor is connected with one end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion groove; the reading instrument is connected with the pressure sensor through a data line and used for reading the data of the pressure sensor and calculating a pressure value; during measurement, red ink is added into the hose in several times.
Specifically, the hose is made of PVC materials, is transparent, and is marked with scale marks on the outer side along the length direction.
Specifically, the pressure sensor is a vibrating wire pressure sensor.
The invention also provides a method for measuring the geometrical morphology of the sea cliff sea erosion groove, which comprises the following steps:
when the tide is low, the hose is laid along the section of the sea erosion groove, one end of the hose is positioned at the bottom of the sea erosion groove, and the other end of the hose is positioned at the top of the sea erosion groove;
pressing the U-shaped nails on the hose, and driving the U-shaped nails into the soil body of the sea cliff, so that the hose is fixed and completely attached to the surface of the sea erosion groove;
plugging a pressure sensor into one end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion tank, and connecting the pressure sensor to a reading instrument through a data line;
slowly filling the red ink into the hose, filling the red ink into the hose for several times, and respectively reading the scale number on the hose and the pressure data on the pressure sensor when the liquid level is stable each time to obtain the pressure data corresponding to the red ink with different lengths of liquid level;
according to the obtained pressure data of the liquid levels with different lengths and a hydraulic principle, the vertical distances between the liquid levels with different lengths and one end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion groove are obtained;
marking each point according to the length data and the corresponding vertical distance data, and finally connecting all marked points by using a curve, wherein the curve is the geometric form of the sea-erosion groove.
Specifically, the pressure sensor is plugged into one end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion tank, and the pressure sensor further comprises:
the gap between the pressure sensor and the hose is sealed well by adopting quick-drying glass cement, so that the red ink in the hose cannot seep out from the bottom end of the hose.
Specifically, according to the pressure data of the different length liquid levels that obtain, according to the hydraulic principle, obtain the perpendicular distance that different length liquid levels are close to the one end of sea erosion groove bottom apart from the hose, specifically include:
hi＝Pi/ρg＝Pi/γ
wherein i represents the number of measurements, i is a positive integer, hiRepresents the vertical distance h of the ith measurement of the red ink from the end of the hose near the bottom of the sea erosion tankiAnd (3) representing pressure data on the ith measurement pressure sensor, wherein rho is the density of the red ink, g is the gravity acceleration, and gamma is the gravity of the red ink.
Specifically, the red ink is slowly filled into the hose in a plurality of times, wherein the red ink is filled in the same amount in the plurality of times.
As can be seen from the above description of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a geometrical morphology measuring device for sea cliff sea erosion grooves, which comprises a hose, a U-shaped nail, a pressure sensor, a reading instrument, a data line and red ink; the parts are few, and the structure is simple.
(2) When the device for measuring the geometrical morphology of the sea cliff sea erosion groove is applied, the hose is fixed and completely attached to the surface of the sea erosion groove through the U-shaped nails, the hose, the pressure sensor, the data line and the reading instrument are sequentially connected, and red ink is poured into the hose in batches; the operation is simple and the implementation is convenient.
(3) The invention provides a method for measuring the geometric form of a sea cliff sea erosion groove, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining pressure data corresponding to red ink with different length liquid levels, and obtaining the vertical distance between the liquid levels with different lengths and one end of a hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion groove according to a hydraulic principle; obtaining a curve which is the geometric form of the sea erosion groove according to the length data and the corresponding vertical distance data; the method only adopts simple data record and formula calculation, and has less error and reliable result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sea cliff sea erosion groove geometric shape measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process location marker implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a graph obtained by the embodiment of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments.
In an embodiment, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sea cliff sea erosion groove geometric form measuring device according to the present invention; a geometrical morphology measuring device for a sea cliff sea erosion groove comprises a hose 1, U-shaped nails, a pressure sensor 2, a reading instrument 3, a data line 4 and red ink, wherein the hose 1 is laid along the section of the sea erosion groove, and the U-shaped nails are driven into the soil body of the sea cliff to fix the hose on the soil body of the sea erosion groove; the pressure sensor 2 is connected with one end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion tank; the reading instrument 3 is connected with the pressure sensor 2 through a data line 4 and used for reading data of the pressure sensor 2 and calculating a pressure value; during measurement, red ink is added into the hose in several times.
The hose is made of PVC materials, is transparent, and is marked with scale marks along the length direction at the outer side, and the unit is mm;
the pressure sensor is a sensor capable of measuring water pressure, and the vibrating wire type pressure sensor is selected in the embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for measuring the geometrical morphology of the sea cliff sea erosion groove, which comprises the following steps:
when the tide is low, the hose is laid along the section of the sea erosion groove, one end of the hose is positioned at the bottom of the sea erosion groove, and the other end of the hose is positioned at the top of the sea erosion groove;
pressing the U-shaped nails on the hose, and driving the U-shaped nails into the soil body of the sea cliff, so that the hose is fixed and completely attached to the surface of the sea erosion groove;
plugging a pressure sensor into one end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion tank, and connecting the pressure sensor to a reading instrument through a data line; the gap between the pressure sensor and the hose is sealed well by adopting quick-drying glass cement, so that the red ink in the hose cannot seep out from the bottom end of the hose;
slowly filling the red ink into the hose, filling the red ink into the hose for several times, wherein the filling amount can be the same or different each time, and reading the scale number on the hose and the pressure data on the pressure sensor respectively to obtain the pressure data corresponding to the red ink with different length liquid levels each time the liquid level is stable;
according to the pressure data of the different length liquid levels that obtain, according to the hydraulic pressure principle, obtain the perpendicular distance that different length liquid levels are close to the one end of sea erosion groove bottom apart from the hose, specifically include:
hi＝Pi/ρg＝Pi/γ
wherein i represents the number of measurements, i is a positive integer, hiRepresents the vertical distance h of the ith measurement of the red ink from the end of the hose near the bottom of the sea erosion tankiAnd (3) representing pressure data on the ith measurement pressure sensor, wherein rho is the density of the red ink, g is the gravity acceleration, and gamma is the gravity of the red ink.
Marking each point according to the length data and the corresponding vertical distance data, and finally connecting all marked points by using a curve, wherein the curve is the geometric form of the sea-erosion groove.
In specific implementation, when in low tide, the hose is laid along the section of the sea erosion groove, one end of the hose is positioned at the bottom of the sea erosion groove, and the other end of the hose is positioned at the top of the sea erosion groove; pressing the U-shaped nails on the hose, driving the U-shaped nails into the soil body of the sea cliff, fixing the hose on the surface of the sea erosion groove, and driving one U-shaped nail every 20-50 cm in length to enable the hose to be completely attached to the surface of the sea erosion groove; transmit pressure toThe sensor is plugged into the bottom end of the hose, and a gap between the sensor and the hose is sealed well by using quick-drying glass cement, so that red ink in the hose cannot seep out of the bottom end of the hose; connecting a data line of the pressure sensor to a reading instrument; slowly filling the red ink into the hose, wherein the length of the red ink is 10cm each time, namely the middle part of the liquid level line of the red ink reaches the corresponding scale mark of the hose; each time the liquid level is filled by 10cm, when the liquid level is stable, the pressure data on the sensor is read and marked as P1,P2,P3… representing pressure data for liquid levels at lengths of 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, … respectively; then the pressure data P1,P2,P3… divided by the weight gamma of the red ink to give the vertical distance of the red ink from the bottom end of the hose, respectively designated h1,h2,h3…; using the mapping software Auto-CAD, as shown in FIG. 2, the hose bottom position is marked as O, and then a straight line is drawn from O to the right, marked as OO1A straight line, above which a point A is drawn, wherein the point A is 10cm distant from the point O, and the point A is located at the point OO1The vertical distance of the straight line is h1(ii) a Then at OO1Drawing a point B above the straight line, wherein the distance from the point B to the point A is 10cm, and the distance from the point B to the point OO1The vertical distance of the straight line is h2(ii) a In turn, points C, D, E, … are plotted, respectively, with a distance of 10cm from the previous point to OO1The vertical distance of the straight line is h3,h4,h5…; meanwhile, the position of the maximum groove depth point of the sea erosion groove is visually observed, when each point above the maximum groove depth point is drawn, the points are positioned on the left side of the maximum groove depth point, and other drawing methods are the following drawing methods of each point; finally, connecting A, B, C, D, E and … points by a spline curve to form a line, so that the spline curve is the geometric form of the sea erosion groove, as shown in fig. 3.
In addition, when the red ink is poured into the hose in a specific implementation manner, the length of pouring in each time can be adjusted according to requirements, the required precision is high, and the length of pouring in can be shorter; if the precision requirement is not high but the measurement efficiency is required, the length of the irrigation can be properly longer, and the length of each irrigation can be the same or different.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept should fall within the scope of infringing the present invention.

Claims (7)

1.一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量装置，其特征在于，包括软管、U形钉、压力传感器、读数仪、数据线和红墨水，所述软管沿着海蚀槽的剖面铺设，所述U形钉打入到海崖土体内，用以将软管固定在海蚀槽土体上；压力传感器连接软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端；读数仪通过数据线连接压力传感器用以读取压力传感器的数据，并计算出压力值；测量时，红墨水分次加入到软管内部。1. A device for measuring the geometric form of a sea cliff and sea erosion groove, characterized in that it comprises a hose, a staple, a pressure sensor, a reading device, a data line and red ink, and the hose is laid along the profile of the sea erosion groove, so that the The U-shaped nail is driven into the sea cliff soil to fix the hose on the soil body of the sea erosion trough; the pressure sensor is connected to the end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion trough; the reading instrument is connected to the pressure sensor through the data line to read the pressure sensor data, and calculate the pressure value; when measuring, red ink is added to the inside of the hose in stages. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量装置，其特征在于，所述软管由PVC材料制成，呈透明状，沿长度方向在外侧标有刻度线。2 . The device for measuring the geometry of sea cliffs and sea erosion grooves according to claim 1 , wherein the hose is made of PVC material, is transparent, and is marked with a scale line on the outside along the length direction. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量装置，其特征在于，压力传感器为振弦式压力传感器。3 . The device for measuring the geometry of sea cliffs and sea troughs according to claim 1 , wherein the pressure sensor is a vibrating wire pressure sensor. 4 . 4.一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量方法，其特征在于，包括：4. A method for measuring the geometric shape of sea cliffs and troughs, comprising: 待低潮时，将软管沿着海蚀槽的剖面铺设，其一端部位于海蚀槽的底部，另一端部位于海蚀槽的顶部；When the tide is low, lay the hose along the profile of the sea trough, with one end at the bottom of the sea trough and the other end at the top of the sea trough; 将U形钉压在软管上，并将U形钉打入到海崖土体内部，使得软管固定并完全紧贴在海蚀槽表面处；Press the staple on the hose, and drive the staple into the sea cliff soil, so that the hose is fixed and completely attached to the surface of the sea trough; 将压力传感器塞入到软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端，将压力传感器通过数据线连接到读数仪上；Insert the pressure sensor into the end of the hose near the bottom of the sea erosion tank, and connect the pressure sensor to the readout instrument through the data cable; 将红墨水缓慢灌入到软管内，分次灌入，每次待液位稳定时，分别读取软管上的刻度数以及压力传感器上的压力数据，得到不同长度液位的红墨水相对应的压力数据；Slowly pour the red ink into the hose, and pour it in stages. When the liquid level is stable, read the number of scales on the hose and the pressure data on the pressure sensor, and obtain the red ink phase of different lengths. Corresponding pressure data; 根据得到的不同长度液位的压力数据，依据液压原理，得到不同长度液位距离软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端的垂直距离；According to the obtained pressure data of liquid levels of different lengths, and according to the hydraulic principle, the vertical distances of different lengths of liquid levels from the end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion tank are obtained; 根据长度数据和相应的垂直距离数据，标记出各点，最后，把所有标记的各点用曲线连接起来，所述曲线为海蚀槽的几何形态。According to the length data and the corresponding vertical distance data, each point is marked, and finally, all the marked points are connected by a curve, and the curve is the geometry of the sea trough. 5.根据权利要求4所述的一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量方法，其特征在于，所述将压力传感器塞入到软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端，还包括：5. The method for measuring the geometric shape of a sea cliff and sea erosion groove according to claim 4, wherein the pressure sensor is inserted into the end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion groove, further comprising: 所述压力传感器和软管之间的缝隙采用快干玻璃胶进行密封良好，使得软管内部的红墨水不能够从软管底端渗出。The gap between the pressure sensor and the hose is well sealed with quick-drying glass glue, so that the red ink inside the hose cannot seep out from the bottom end of the hose. 6.根据权利要求4所述的一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量方法，其特征在于，所述根据得到的不同长度液位的压力数据，依据液压原理，得到不同长度液位距离软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端的垂直距离，具体包括：6. A method for measuring the geometric shape of sea cliffs and sea erosion grooves according to claim 4, characterized in that, according to the obtained pressure data of liquid levels of different lengths, according to hydraulic principles, it is obtained that the liquid levels of different lengths are close to the hose The vertical distance from one end of the bottom of the trough, including: hi＝Pi/ρg＝Pi/γh i =P i /ρg=P i /γ 其中,i表示测量次数，i为正整数，hi表示第i次测量红墨水距离软管靠近海蚀槽底部的一端的垂直距离，hi表示第i次测量压力传感器上的压力数据，ρ为红墨水的密度，g为重力加速度，γ为红墨水的重度。Among them, i represents the number of measurements, i is a positive integer, hi represents the vertical distance of the red ink from the i-th measurement to the end of the hose close to the bottom of the sea erosion trough, hi represents the i -th measurement of the pressure data on the pressure sensor, ρ is The density of the red ink, g is the acceleration of gravity, and γ is the weight of the red ink. 7.根据权利要求4所述的一种海崖海蚀槽几何形态测量方法，其特征在于，所述将红墨水缓慢灌入到软管内，分次灌入，其中分次灌入的红墨水的量相同。7. A method for measuring the geometric shape of sea cliffs and sea erosion grooves according to claim 4, wherein the red ink is slowly poured into the hose, and the red ink is poured in stages, wherein the red ink poured in stages the same amount.
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