CN112525028A - Blasting method of drainage groove - Google Patents
Blasting method of drainage groove Download PDFInfo
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- CN112525028A CN112525028A CN202011368510.6A CN202011368510A CN112525028A CN 112525028 A CN112525028 A CN 112525028A CN 202011368510 A CN202011368510 A CN 202011368510A CN 112525028 A CN112525028 A CN 112525028A
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- blasting
- explosive
- drainage groove
- weir
- medicine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/16—Fixed weirs; Superstructures or flash-boards therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a blasting method of a drainage groove. According to the invention, according to the blasting theory, after the explosive is blasted at any point within a certain distance from the surface of the earth rock to the inside, the earth rock is crushed or thrown. Blasting in which a cartridge is set on the surface of earth rock is called surface contact blasting, and blasting without covering the cartridge is called bare contact blasting. After the explosive charge of the exposed contact blasting explodes, the soil and rock within a certain distance from the explosive charge can be crushed and a part of the soil and rock can be thrown away. Blasting in which the explosive charge is arranged inside the soil rock is called internal blasting, and a funnel pit is formed after the explosive charge is blasted, wherein the size of the funnel pit is related to the amount of the explosive charge, the property and the structure of the soil rock; according to the method, the weir body which is not subjected to flow passing and the weir body which is subjected to flow passing can be widened and deepened at the same time, so that the reinforcing effect is better in seasons with more rainwater, and the safety guarantee of the flow passing channel is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting, and particularly relates to a blasting method for a drainage groove.
Background
The blasting of the drainage channels is performed without any mechanical equipment. To form the 'groove', the stones cannot be broken, and the earth and stones must be thrown away as much as possible to form the 'groove' capable of draining.
Meanwhile, the rocks at the bottom of the drainage groove are crushed as much as possible, so that the rocks are easy to be washed away by water after overflowing. Therefore, the selection of the scheme is to adopt the reinforced throwing blasting to increase the selected dosage according to the blasting funnel theory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problems, a blasting method of the drainage groove is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a blasting method of a drainage groove comprises the following steps:
s1, designing the blasting scheme; and (3) selecting the positions of the drainage grooves: according to the surface morphology of the weir plug body, for the weir plug body without obvious gully, if the surface substance is relatively uniform, blasting to form a groove in the middle of the weir plug body, and if the surface substance of the weir plug body is not uniform, blasting to form a groove in a place with more fine particles; for a weir plug body with obvious gully, blasting along the gully to form the gully; for double-ditch and multi-ditch damming bodies, blasting to form grooves is generally carried out in the lowest ditch;
s2, determining the single medicine package quantity: the individual charge can be calculated as follows: q is 9kQH3Wherein Q is the single medicine packaging dose (kg); 9 is the explosive correction coefficient when the surface of the drainage groove is subjected to contact blasting; h is the quasi-crushing depth (m); kQ is explosive coefficient (kg/m3), is determined according to the properties of the soil and rock, and is generally 1; 0 to 4; 5;
s3, explosive selection and initiation network: explosive selection: according to the environment of the weir body and the local climate condition, the emulsion explosive with waterproof performance is generally selected and used for setting the explosive package conveniently
S4, digging a pit before blasting construction: because the equipment can not reach, the hole is formed manually, and a circular shovel, an engineer shovel, a cross pick and other manual tools are used for excavating; if a large stone is encountered in the pit digging process, the pit can be properly shifted to the periphery, but the moving distance cannot exceed 0; 5m, the large stone cannot move, and a small cannon can be placed in the pit to locally break the large stone;
s5, charging: placing the explosive into the bottom of the pit according to the designed dosage, wherein the explosive is placed as concentrated and compact as possible;
s6, packing: filling with materials from the pit, but removing stones; networking: the detonating cord network is used for communicating and detonating all explosive packages by detonating cords; the electric detonator network adopts serial connection initiation; the non-electric initiation network uses 1 section of non-electric millisecond detonator to connect all the explosive packages and then detonate by electric detonator;
s7, warning and detonating: because the emergency time is very urgent, the enhanced throwing blasting is adopted, the dosage is larger, and the filling material and the filling quality do not necessarily meet the requirements, so the warning distance is far as possible, and the personnel should withdraw for more than 500 m;
s8, post-shot inspection: after blasting, blasting personnel should enter the blasting area to carefully check whether a dummy gun exists or not and whether unstable rocks exist or not, and the next step can be carried out after danger is eliminated;
s9, manual trimming: the local part is processed with artificial channel bottom combing and slope trimming within the allowable time and range, so as to ensure the smooth water flow; the blasting construction of widening and deepening the overflowing drainage groove is basically the same as the blasting construction of excavating the drainage groove by using the weir body which is not overflowing.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, after the boulder blasting is completed, the surface contact blasting may be performed; when the damming body drainage grooves are formed by adopting a surface contact blasting method, the number or the number of the rows of the explosive charges and other blasting parameters can be determined according to the width, the depth and the length of the drainage grooves required by design; determination of the number of rows: the number of rows is calculated as follows: m ═ D + H)/(1.5H) -1, where M is the number of rows of charges; d is the design width (m) of the drainage groove; h is the quasi-crushing depth (m); determining the number of charges: the number of charges is calculated according to the following formula: n [ (L + H)/(1.5H) -1 ] M, wherein N is the total number of charges, L is the designed length (M) of the drainage channel, and other symbols have the same meanings as the above symbols; the space and the row distance are both 1.5H (m), the medicine bags of 2 rows are symmetrically arranged, and the medicine bags of more than 3 rows are staggered.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S1, the determined individual drug package contents can be calculated according to the following formula: q is 6kQ＇h3Wherein Q is the single medicine packaging dose (kg); h is the line of least resistance (m); 6 is the explosive correction coefficient during blasting in the drainage groove; kQ' is the earth-rock resistance coefficient (kg/m3) during internal blasting, and is determined according to the properties of the earth and rock, the charging action index n and the on-site topographic conditions, the value range is usually 0.5-2.5, the harder the earth and rock is, the larger the value of n is, otherwise, the value is small, the value of flat topography is slightly small, and the deepening value in the groove is slightly large; it should be noted that this is a parameter with strong experience, and it can be selected accurately only by accumulation of experience; more is selected within the range of 1.0-2.0 in the emergency construction of the weir plug body; in the formula, N is the total charge number, L is the designed length (m) of the drainage groove, and other symbols have the same meanings as the previous symbols; the distance and the row distance are both r (m), the medicine bags of 2 rows are arranged symmetrically, and the medicine bags of 3 rows are arranged in a staggered way.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the explosive selection and initiation network: explosive selection: according to the environment of the weir body and the local climate condition, the emulsion explosive with waterproof performance is generally selected for convenience in setting the explosive package.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S9, the blasting operation for widening and deepening the flow-guiding groove is substantially the same as the blasting operation for excavating the flow-guiding groove without the flow-guiding weir, but the following problems should be noted when the exposed explosive charge and the connected initiation network are arranged below the water surface: setting an exposed explosive charge for blasting boulders underwater: generally, the medicine bag fixing device is preferentially arranged on the upstream water-facing surface of the boulder, and can also be arranged on the side surface or the downstream surface when the medicine bag is not suitable to be arranged on the upstream water-facing surface, but the medicine bag is firmly fixed by using the modes of rope bundles, stone (or sand bags), rod supports and the like no matter which side is arranged on which side; in the place where the personnel can not reach, the sliding rod method can be adopted, namely one end of the bamboo rod (long enough) is close to the position where the medicine bag needs to be arranged, after the medicine bag is processed and weighted (such as binding blocks), the medicine bag with the weight is slid down along the rod, and if the medicine bag is not in place, the other rod can be used for shifting and tightening.
In a preferred embodiment, the widening of the flowed cross section can be implemented by performing pit-by-pit blasting layer by layer on the side (accessible side) of the flowed drainage grooves by excavating the drainage grooves with no flowed weir.
In a preferred embodiment, the widening of the flowed cross section can be implemented by performing pit-by-pit blasting layer by layer on the side (accessible side) of the flowed drainage grooves by excavating the drainage grooves with no flowed weir.
In a preferred embodiment, the widening of the flowed cross section can be implemented by performing pit-by-pit blasting layer by layer on the side (accessible side) of the flowed drainage grooves by excavating the drainage grooves with no flowed weir.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S6, when electric detonation is used, in any case, rails, steel pipes and steel wires are not used as conducting lines, bare conducting wires are not used, all joints must be insulated by waterproof adhesive tapes, and the initiator should be kept by a specially-assigned person; in thunderstorm weather, an electric detonating network cannot be adopted; the explosive detonator can be transported by different vehicles or carried by one person; strictly forbidding to put the detonator in the clothes (trousers) bag; the detonator and the explosive are temporarily stockpiled on site in a safe and cool place, and are kept by a specially-assigned person, so that the detonator and the explosive are prevented from being lost and placed randomly and exposed in the burning sun, and the detonator and the explosive are prevented from being hit by the rolling stones.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S7, before blasting, a distinct audible or visual signal should be sent; the blast signal should be sent three times: a first signal, namely preparing for blasting, warning in place, and immediately withdrawing all personnel in the dangerous area to a safe area; the second signal: igniting by an ignition hand; the commander confirms that all the personnel are evacuated and the alerter adheres to the post, so that an ignition command can be issued; third signal: after blasting, warning and evacuating; the commander checks after the gun by the technical staff, and can disarm after confirming that no dumb gun exists and no danger exists.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the weir body which is not subjected to flow passing and the weir body which is subjected to flow passing can be widened and deepened at the same time, so that the reinforcing effect is better in seasons with more rainwater, and the safety guarantee of the flow passing channel is improved.
2. In the invention, the regulation is strictly followed, the personal safety of working installation personnel is ensured, and the explosive selection and initiation network comprises the following components: explosive selection: according to the environment and local climate condition of the weir body, the arrangement of the medicine package is convenient, so that the operation is simpler and more convenient.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A blasting method of a drainage groove comprises the following steps:
s1, designing the blasting scheme; and (3) selecting the positions of the drainage grooves: according to the surface morphology of the weir plug body, for the weir plug body without obvious gully, if the surface substance is relatively uniform, blasting to form a groove in the middle of the weir plug body, and if the surface substance of the weir plug body is not uniform, blasting to form a groove in a place with more fine particles; for a weir plug body with obvious gully, blasting along the gully to form the gully; for double-ditch and multi-ditch damming bodies, blasting to form grooves is generally carried out in the lowest ditch; in step S1, after the boulder blasting is completed, surface contact blasting may be performed; by surface bondingWhen the damming body drainage grooves are formed by the touch blasting method, the number or the number of the rows of the explosive charges and other blasting parameters can be determined according to the width, the depth and the length of the drainage grooves required by design; determination of the number of rows: the number of rows is calculated as follows: m ═ D + H)/(1.5H) -1, where M is the number of rows of charges; d is the design width (m) of the drainage groove; h is the quasi-crushing depth (m); determining the number of charges: the number of charges is calculated according to the following formula: n [ (L + H)/(1.5H) -1 ] M, wherein N is the total number of charges, L is the designed length (M) of the drainage channel, and other symbols have the same meanings as the above symbols; the space and the row distance are both 1.5H (m), the medicine bags of 2 rows are symmetrically arranged, and the medicine bags of more than 3 rows are staggered; in step S1, the individual package charge may be determined by the following equation: q is 6kQ＇h3Wherein Q is the single medicine packaging dose (kg); h is the line of least resistance (m); 6 is the explosive correction coefficient during blasting in the drainage groove; kQ' is the earth-rock resistance coefficient (kg/m3) during internal blasting, and is determined according to the properties of the earth and rock, the charging action index n and the on-site topographic conditions, the value range is usually 0.5-2.5, the harder the earth and rock is, the larger the value of n is, otherwise, the value is small, the value of flat topography is slightly small, and the deepening value in the groove is slightly large; it should be noted that this is a parameter with strong experience, and it can be selected accurately only by accumulation of experience; more is selected within the range of 1.0-2.0 in the emergency construction of the weir plug body; in the formula, N is the total charge number, L is the designed length (m) of the drainage groove, and other symbols have the same meanings as the previous symbols; the distance and the row distance are both r (m), 2 rows of medicine bags are symmetrically arranged when being arranged, and 3 rows of medicine bags are staggered when being arranged;
s2, determining the single medicine package quantity: the individual charge can be calculated as follows: q is 9kQH3Wherein Q is the single medicine packaging dose (kg); 9 is the explosive correction coefficient when the surface of the drainage groove is subjected to contact blasting; h is the quasi-crushing depth (m); kQ is explosive coefficient (kg/m3), is determined according to the properties of the soil and rock, and is generally 1; 0 to 4; 5;
s3, explosive selection and initiation network: explosive selection: according to the environment of the weir body and the local climate condition, and in order to conveniently arrange the explosive package, the emulsion explosive with waterproof performance is generally selected; in step S3, the explosive selection and initiation circuit: explosive selection: according to the environment of the weir body and the local climate condition, the emulsion explosive with waterproof performance is generally selected and used for setting the explosive package conveniently
S4, digging a pit before blasting construction: because the equipment can not reach, the hole is formed manually, and a circular shovel, an engineer shovel, a cross pick and other manual tools are used for excavating; if a large stone is encountered in the pit digging process, the pit can be properly shifted to the periphery, but the moving distance cannot exceed 0; 5m, the large stone cannot move, and a small cannon can be placed in the pit to locally break the large stone;
s5, charging: placing the explosive into the bottom of the pit according to the designed dosage, wherein the explosive is placed as concentrated and compact as possible;
s6, packing: filling with materials from the pit, but removing stones; networking: the detonating cord network is used for communicating and detonating all explosive packages by detonating cords; the electric detonator network adopts serial connection initiation; the non-electric initiation network uses 1 section of non-electric millisecond detonator to connect all the explosive packages and then detonate by electric detonator; in step S6, when electric detonation is used, in any case, rails, steel pipes and steel wires are not used as conducting lines, exposed wires are not used, all joints must be insulated by waterproof tapes, and the initiator should be kept by a specially-assigned person; in thunderstorm weather, an electric detonating network cannot be adopted; the explosive detonator can be transported by different vehicles or carried by one person; strictly forbidding to put the detonator in the clothes (trousers) bag; the detonator and the explosive are temporarily stockpiled on site in a safe and cool place, and are kept by a specially-assigned person, so that the detonator and the explosive are strictly prohibited from being lost and placed randomly, and the detonator and the explosive are strictly prohibited from being exposed in the burning sun, and the detonator and the explosive are prevented from being hit by the rolling stones;
s7, warning and detonating: because the emergency time is very urgent, the enhanced throwing blasting is adopted, the dosage is larger, and the filling material and the filling quality do not necessarily meet the requirements, so the warning distance is far as possible, and the personnel should withdraw for more than 500 m; in step S7, before blasting, an obvious audible or visual signal should be sent; the blast signal should be sent three times: a first signal, namely preparing for blasting, warning in place, and immediately withdrawing all personnel in the dangerous area to a safe area; the second signal: igniting by an ignition hand; the commander confirms that all the personnel are evacuated and the alerter adheres to the post, so that an ignition command can be issued; third signal: after blasting, warning and evacuating; the commander checks after the gun by the technical staff, and can disarm after confirming that no dumb gun exists and no danger exists;
s8, post-shot inspection: after blasting, blasting personnel should enter the blasting area to carefully check whether a dummy gun exists or not and whether unstable rocks exist or not, and the next step can be carried out after danger is eliminated;
s9, manual trimming: the local part is processed with artificial channel bottom combing and slope trimming within the allowable time and range, so as to ensure the smooth water flow; the blasting construction of widening and deepening the overflowing drainage groove is basically the same as the blasting construction of excavating the drainage groove by using the non-overflowing weir body; in step S9, the blasting construction for widening and deepening the overflowing drainage groove is basically the same as the blasting construction for excavating the drainage groove by using the non-overflowing weir body, but the following problems should be noted when the exposed explosive charge and the connection initiation network are arranged below the water surface: setting an exposed explosive charge for blasting boulders underwater: generally, the medicine bag fixing device is preferentially arranged on the upstream water-facing surface of the boulder, and can also be arranged on the side surface or the downstream surface when the medicine bag is not suitable to be arranged on the upstream water-facing surface, but the medicine bag is firmly fixed by using the modes of rope bundles, stone (or sand bags), rod supports and the like no matter which side is arranged on which side; in the place where the personnel can not reach, a 'sliding rod method' can be adopted, namely, one end of a bamboo rod (long enough) is abutted against the position where the medicine package needs to be arranged, after the medicine package is processed and weighted (such as a binding block), the medicine package with the weight is slid down along the rod, and if the medicine package is not in place, the other rod can be used for shifting and tightly supporting; in step S9, the priming circuit is connected: the detonating circuit blasting below the water surface, whether an electric detonating circuit or a non-electric detonating circuit, applies rope traction to firmly fix the detonating circuit on the rope so as to avoid the circuit from being broken by water flow; the joints of the electric explosion network are connected above the water surface as much as possible and are tightly wound by waterproof electric adhesive tapes so as to prevent short circuit and electric leakage; in the step S5, safety education is carried out on personnel participating in emergency blasting construction, and safety awareness is strengthened; safety personnel are arranged at each key position in the construction process, and all the places which are possibly rolled down by stones on the periphery are carefully observed so as to prevent people from being injured by the rolled stones; when the medicine bag is arranged in water and connected with the network, a safety rope is tied; the medicine bag is arranged strictly according to design parameters and the medicine bag arrangement principle, so that the medicine bag is firmly fixed and is prevented from shifting; all places where the naked explosive bags are arranged are covered by sand if time allows, so that the quantity of covered explosive bags can be reduced, the blasting effect can be greatly improved, and the blasting hazard can be reduced.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A blasting method of a drainage groove is characterized in that: the method for reinforcing the overflow channel bottom comprises the following steps:
s1, designing the blasting scheme; and (3) selecting the positions of the drainage grooves: according to the surface morphology of the weir plug body, for the weir plug body without obvious gully, if the surface substance is relatively uniform, blasting to form a groove in the middle of the weir plug body, and if the surface substance of the weir plug body is not uniform, blasting to form a groove in a place with more fine particles; for a weir plug body with obvious gully, blasting along the gully to form the gully; for double-ditch and multi-ditch damming bodies, blasting to form grooves is generally carried out in the lowest ditch;
s2, determining the single medicine package quantity: the individual charge can be calculated as follows: q is 9kQH3Wherein Q is the single medicine packaging dose (kg); 9 is the explosive correction coefficient when the surface of the drainage groove is subjected to contact blasting; h is the quasi-crushing depth (m); kQ is explosive coefficient (kg/m3), is determined according to the properties of the soil and rock, and is generally 1; 0 to 4; 5;
s3, explosive selection and initiation network: explosive selection: according to the environment of the weir body and the local climate condition, the emulsion explosive with waterproof performance is generally selected and used for setting the explosive package conveniently
S4, digging a pit before blasting construction: because the equipment can not reach, the hole is formed manually, and a circular shovel, an engineer shovel, a cross pick and other manual tools are used for excavating; if a large stone is encountered in the pit digging process, the pit can be properly shifted to the periphery, but the moving distance cannot exceed 0; 5m, the large stone cannot move, and a small cannon can be placed in the pit to locally break the large stone;
s5, charging: placing the explosive into the bottom of the pit according to the designed dosage, wherein the explosive is placed as concentrated and compact as possible;
s6, packing: filling with materials from the pit, but removing stones; networking: the detonating cord network is used for communicating and detonating all explosive packages by detonating cords; the electric detonator network adopts serial connection initiation; the non-electric initiation network uses 1 section of non-electric millisecond detonator to connect all the explosive packages and then detonate by electric detonator;
s7, warning and detonating: because the emergency time is very urgent, the enhanced throwing blasting is adopted, the dosage is larger, and the filling material and the filling quality do not necessarily meet the requirements, so the warning distance is far as possible, and the personnel should withdraw for more than 500 m;
s8, post-shot inspection: after blasting, blasting personnel should enter the blasting area to carefully check whether a dummy gun exists or not and whether unstable rocks exist or not, and the next step can be carried out after danger is eliminated;
s9, manual trimming: the local part is processed with artificial channel bottom combing and slope trimming within the allowable time and range, so as to ensure the smooth water flow; the blasting construction of widening and deepening the overflowing drainage groove is basically the same as the blasting construction of excavating the drainage groove by using the weir body which is not overflowing.
2. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, after the boulder blasting is completed, surface contact blasting may be performed; when the damming body drainage grooves are formed by adopting a surface contact blasting method, the number or the number of the rows of the explosive charges and other blasting parameters can be determined according to the width, the depth and the length of the drainage grooves required by design; determination of the number of rows: the number of rows is calculated as follows: m ═ D + H)/(1.5H) -1, where M is the number of rows of charges; d is the design width (m) of the drainage groove; h is the quasi-crushing depth (m); determining the number of charges: the number of charges is calculated according to the following formula: n [ (L + H)/(1.5H) -1 ] M, wherein N is the total number of charges, L is the designed length (M) of the drainage channel, and other symbols have the same meanings as the above symbols; the space and the row distance are both 1.5H (m), the medicine bags of 2 rows are symmetrically arranged, and the medicine bags of more than 3 rows are staggered.
3. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the determined individual drug package content can be calculated according to the following formula: q is 6kQ＇h3Wherein Q is the single medicine packaging dose (kg); h is the line of least resistance (m); 6 is the explosive correction coefficient during blasting in the drainage groove; kQ' is the earth-rock resistance coefficient (kg/m3) during internal blasting, and is determined according to the properties of the earth and rock, the charging action index n and the on-site topographic conditions, the value range is usually 0.5-2.5, the harder the earth and rock is, the larger the value of n is, otherwise, the value is small, the value of flat topography is slightly small, and the deepening value in the groove is slightly large; it should be noted that this is a parameter with strong experience, and it can be selected accurately only by accumulation of experience; more selected in the range of 1.0-2.0 in the emergency construction of the weir plug body(ii) a In the formula, N is the total charge number, L is the designed length (m) of the drainage groove, and other symbols have the same meanings as the previous symbols; the distance and the row distance are both r (m), the medicine bags of 2 rows are arranged symmetrically, and the medicine bags of 3 rows are arranged in a staggered way.
4. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the explosive selection and initiation network: explosive selection: according to the environment of the weir body and the local climate condition, the emulsion explosive with waterproof performance is generally selected for convenience in setting the explosive package.
5. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S9, the blasting construction in which the flow guiding groove has been widened and deepened is substantially the same as the blasting construction in which the flow guiding groove has not been excavated by the flow weir, but the following problems should be noted when the exposed explosive charge and the connection initiation network are arranged below the water surface: setting an exposed explosive charge for blasting boulders underwater: generally, the medicine bag fixing device is preferentially arranged on the upstream water-facing surface of the boulder, and can also be arranged on the side surface or the downstream surface when the medicine bag is not suitable to be arranged on the upstream water-facing surface, but the medicine bag is firmly fixed by using the modes of rope bundles, stone (or sand bags), rod supports and the like no matter which side is arranged on which side; in the place where the personnel can not reach, the sliding rod method can be adopted, namely one end of the bamboo rod (long enough) is close to the position where the medicine bag needs to be arranged, after the medicine bag is processed and weighted (such as binding blocks), the medicine bag with the weight is slid down along the rod, and if the medicine bag is not in place, the other rod can be used for shifting and tightening.
6. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S9, widening the flowed cross section can be implemented by performing pit-by-layer excavation, explosive charging and blasting on one side (accessible side) of the flowed drainage groove by excavating the drainage groove with the non-flowed weir body.
7. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in step S9, the priming circuit is connected: the detonating circuit blasting below the water surface, whether an electric detonating circuit or a non-electric detonating circuit, applies rope traction to firmly fix the detonating circuit on the rope so as to avoid the circuit from being broken by water flow; the joints of the electric explosion network are connected above the water surface as much as possible and are tightly wound by waterproof electric adhesive tapes to prevent short circuit and electric leakage.
8. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, safety education is performed on the personnel participating in the emergency blasting construction, and safety awareness is strengthened; safety personnel are arranged at each key position in the construction process, and all the places which are possibly rolled down by stones on the periphery are carefully observed so as to prevent people from being injured by the rolled stones; when the medicine bag is arranged in water and connected with the network, a safety rope is tied; the medicine bag is arranged strictly according to design parameters and the medicine bag arrangement principle, so that the medicine bag is firmly fixed and is prevented from shifting; all places where the naked explosive bags are arranged are covered by sand if time allows, so that the quantity of covered explosive bags can be reduced, the blasting effect can be greatly improved, and the blasting hazard can be reduced.
9. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S6, when electric detonation is used, in any case, rails, steel pipes and steel wires are not used as conducting lines, exposed conducting wires are not used, all joints must be insulated by waterproof adhesive tapes, and the initiator should be kept by a specially-assigned person; in thunderstorm weather, an electric detonating network cannot be adopted; the explosive detonator can be transported by different vehicles or carried by one person; strictly forbidding to put the detonator in the clothes (trousers) bag; the detonator and the explosive are temporarily stockpiled on site in a safe and cool place, and are kept by a specially-assigned person, so that the detonator and the explosive are prevented from being lost and placed randomly and exposed in the burning sun, and the detonator and the explosive are prevented from being hit by the rolling stones.
10. The method for blasting the drainage groove according to claim 1, wherein: in step S7, before blasting, an obvious audible or visual signal should be sent; the blast signal should be sent three times: a first signal, namely preparing for blasting, warning in place, and immediately withdrawing all personnel in the dangerous area to a safe area; the second signal: igniting by an ignition hand; the commander confirms that all the personnel are evacuated and the alerter adheres to the post, so that an ignition command can be issued; third signal: after blasting, warning and evacuating; the commander checks after the gun by the technical staff, and can disarm after confirming that no dumb gun exists and no danger exists.
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| CN202011368510.6A CN112525028A (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2020-11-30 | Blasting method of drainage groove |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |