CN112523264A - High and steep slope seepage prevention system and laying method thereof - Google Patents
High and steep slope seepage prevention system and laying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112523264A CN112523264A CN202011269592.9A CN202011269592A CN112523264A CN 112523264 A CN112523264 A CN 112523264A CN 202011269592 A CN202011269592 A CN 202011269592A CN 112523264 A CN112523264 A CN 112523264A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
Abstract
The invention discloses a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system and a laying method thereof, wherein the high and steep slope seepage-proofing system comprises a field bottom seepage-proofing structure, a bevel slope seepage-proofing structure and a steep slope seepage-proofing structure, the field bottom seepage-proofing structure comprises a field bottom reverse filter layer, a leachate diversion layer, a field bottom seepage-proofing film protection layer, a field bottom seepage-proofing layer, a field bottom GCL bentonite layer, a lower protection layer and a field bottom base layer, and the field bottom seepage-proofing layer is a double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane; the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure comprises a bevel slope protective layer, a bevel slope seepage-proofing film protective layer, a bevel slope seepage-proofing layer, a bevel slope GCL bentonite layer, a bevel slope passivation layer and a bevel slope base layer, wherein the bevel slope seepage-proofing layer is a double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane. The high and steep side slope seepage-proofing system is provided with various seepage-proofing structures according to the environmental conditions of the bottom of a mine pit, a slope and a steep side slope, and each seepage-proofing structure is simple and has a good seepage-proofing effect, so that each seepage-proofing structure has a targeted seepage-proofing effect according to the environmental conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pit restoration and greening, in particular to a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system for pit seepage proofing and a laying method thereof.
Background
The number of abandoned pits is increased along with the end of the mining activity, and the pits bring great influence on the surrounding ecological environment and the life of residents due to the long-term property and irreversibility of the mining activity, and the specific influence comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, mining a quarry to damage original soil and vegetation, and having certain destructiveness on ecological balance and biodiversity of nearby biological communities; secondly, the side slope formed by mining has geological disasters such as collapse, landslide, water and soil loss and the like, and can seriously threaten the regional ecological environment; thirdly, the mining area is large, the periphery of the pit is vertical steep rock walls, no protective measures are taken around the top of the pit, and potential safety hazards are caused to local villagers and livestock. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the abandoned mine pit in the quarry, secondary development and utilization are carried out according to local conditions, and the method is a sustainable resource recycling mode at present.
Generally, the pit is a rectangular pit with a concave shape, which is not regular, and is affected by adverse factors such as insufficient soil fertility, lack of irrigation water source, serious land damage, large slope and the like, and if the pit is processed by adopting a common soil backfilling mode, the backfilling amount is large, the cost is high, and the ecological effect on soil taking points can be influenced to a certain extent. If the ecological system is restored by adopting a mode of backfilling organic nutrient soil for covering green in the range of the abandoned mine pit, the goal of restoring and utilizing the municipal sludge treatment up to the standard of a terminal product can be solved, but because leachate of the organic nutrient soil can permeate into underground water to cause pollution, the mine pit needs to be subjected to anti-seepage treatment before backfilling, the leachate is separated from the soil and the underground water, and the leachate is prevented from polluting the soil and the underground water.
The existing seepage-proofing system for the high and steep side slope is complex in structure and high in construction difficulty for seepage-proofing work in a mine pit environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high and steep slope seepage prevention system for pit seepage prevention, which solves the traditional problems and has simple structure and good seepage prevention effect.
The invention also provides a laying method adopting the high and steep slope seepage-proofing system.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system is used for seepage-proofing of a pit and comprises a field bottom seepage-proofing structure, a bevel slope seepage-proofing structure positioned on one side of the field bottom seepage-proofing structure and a steep slope seepage-proofing structure positioned on one side of the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure far away from the field bottom seepage-proofing structure; the field bottom seepage-proofing structure comprises a field bottom reverse filtering layer, a leachate diversion layer, a field bottom seepage-proofing film protective layer, a field bottom seepage-proofing layer, a field bottom GCL bentonite layer, a lower protective layer and a field bottom substrate layer which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein the field bottom seepage-proofing layer is a double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane; the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure comprises a bevel slope protective layer, a bevel slope seepage-proofing film protective layer, a bevel slope seepage-proofing layer, a bevel slope GCL bentonite layer, a bevel slope surface passivation layer and a bevel slope base layer which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein the bevel slope seepage-proofing layer is a double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and the double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane is connected with the double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane through a seam welding method; the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure is the same as the bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure.
Preferably, the thickness of the double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane is 2 mm; the thickness of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane with the double rough surfaces is 2 mm.
Preferably, the field bottom inverted filter layer is 200g/m2The geotechnical filter screen; the leachate diversion layer is a crushed stone layer with the thickness of 300 mm; the protective layer of the field bottom anti-seepage film is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the GCL bentonite layer at the bottom of the field is 4800g/m2The bentonite cushion layer and the geotextile; the protective layer under the film is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the field subbottom layer is formed by compacting and flattening clay.
Preferably, the slope protection layer is formed by piling up gravel sand bags; the protective layer of the anti-seepage film on the inclined slope is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the slope GCL is expandedThe soil moistening layer is 4800g/m2The bentonite cushion layer and the geotextile; the passivation layer of the slope surface of the inclined slope is a net hanging guniting layer; the base layer of the bevel slope is a rock stratum.
Preferably, the lower part of the field bottom substrate layer is provided with a groundwater drainage layer, and the groundwater drainage layer is a crushed stone reverse filtering layer with the thickness of 800 mm; and a guide drainage blind ditch is distributed on the base layer of the bevel slope.
The invention also provides a laying method of the high and steep slope seepage-proofing system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: laying the field bottom: firstly, arranging a field bottom anchoring ditch at the edge where the field bottom is connected with the side slope, then laying each layer of material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure, fixing one end of the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure through the field bottom anchoring ditch during laying, wherein the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure extends out of the field bottom anchoring ditch by not less than 1 m;
s2: laying a slope: arranging a slope anchoring ditch on the top of the slope, and then paving a slope seepage-proofing structure, wherein one end of the geotechnical material in the slope seepage-proofing structure is fixed through the slope anchoring ditch, and the outer side of the geotechnical material in the slope seepage-proofing structure extending out of the slope anchoring ditch is not less than 1 m; after the fixing, connecting the other end of the geotechnical material in the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure with one end of the geotechnical material in the field bottom seepage-proofing structure;
s3: backfilling organic nutrient soil: backfilling the organic nutrient soil to the horizontal line where the inclined slope anchoring ditch is located, compacting in a layered manner, and leveling the organic nutrient soil within a range of 5m from the side slope;
s4: paving a steep side slope: dividing the steep side slope into a plurality of parts at the height of 10m, arranging a steep side slope anchoring ditch at the joint of the divided steep side slope, then laying each layer of materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure, fixing one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure through the steep side slope anchoring ditch, arranging an anchoring structure at every 5m height during laying, anchoring the part of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure, which is not fixed, on the steep side slope, connecting one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure with one end of the geotechnical materials in the bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure after anchoring, and finally laying the outermost layer in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure;
s5: and repeating the steps S3 and S4, and paving the steep side slope of the rest part with a steep side slope seepage-proofing structure to the top of the steep side slope.
Preferably, in step S2, if the slope length of the bevel slope is greater than 10m or the slope height is greater than 5m, the bevel slope anchoring groove needs to be added.
Preferably, in step S4, the anchoring structure includes an anchor bolt, a first anchor steel plate, a first HDPE film pad, a second anchor steel plate, a nut, a PE cap pad, and an anchoring impermeable membrane installed on the anchor bolt, the geomaterials in the steep slope impermeable structure are sandwiched between the first HDPE film pad and the second HDPE film pad, and the anchoring impermeable membrane is connected with the outermost geomaterials in the steep slope impermeable structure by welding.
Preferably, the first anchoring steel plate has a width of 100mm and a thickness of 3 mm; and each end of each first anchoring steel plate is provided with an anchoring hole for mounting an anchoring bolt at a position 100mm away from the end point.
Preferably, in step S5, the final laying height of the steep slope seepage-proofing structure on the steep slope is more than 2m higher than the final backfilling height of the organic nutrient soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the high and steep side slope seepage-proofing system is provided with a field bottom seepage-proofing structure, a bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure and a steep side slope seepage-proofing structure according to the environment conditions of the field bottom, the bevel side slope and the steep side slope of the pit, and each seepage-proofing structure is simple and has a good seepage-proofing effect.
The paving method of the high and steep side slope anti-seepage system provided by the invention adopts a paving process of paving while burying from bottom to top according to the environment that the side slope of the pit is higher and steeper and is difficult to climb, so that the operation safety of paving construction is increased, and the welding quality of the anti-seepage film is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the high steep slope seepage-proofing system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the design of the anchoring node of the steep slope shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an anchoring structure at the top of the steep slope seepage-proofing structure shown in fig. 1.
In the figure: 10. a field bottom seepage-proofing structure; 11. a field bottom inverted filter layer; 12. a leachate diversion layer; 13. a field bottom anti-seepage film protective layer; 14. a field bottom barrier layer; 15. a GCL bentonite layer at the bottom of the field; 16. a protective layer under the film; 17. a field substrate underlayer; 20. an inclined slope seepage-proofing structure; 21. a bevel slope protective layer; 22. a slope impermeable film protective layer; 23. a bevel slope impermeable layer; 24. a slope GCL bentonite layer; 25. a slope passivation layer of the slope; 26. a bevel slope base layer; 30. an impermeable structure of a steep side slope; 31. a drainage ditch; 32. a steep slope protective layer; 33. an impermeable film protective layer with a steep side slope; 34. an impermeable layer with a steep side slope; 35. a steep side slope GCL bentonite layer; 36. passivation layer of steep slope surface; 37. a steep slope basal layer; 40. a field bottom anchoring trench; 50. an inclined slope anchoring ditch; 60. anchoring a ditch on a steep side slope; 70. an anchoring structure; 71. an anchor bolt; 72. a first anchor steel plate; 73. a first HDPE membrane pad; 74. a second HDPE membrane pad; 75. a second anchor steel plate; 76. a nut; 77. PE emits the cushion; 78. anchoring the impermeable membrane.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the high and steep slope seepage-proofing system of the present invention includes a field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10, a slope seepage-proofing structure 20 located on one side of the field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10, and a steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30 located on one side of the slope seepage-proofing structure 20 away from the field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10, where the field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10 includes a field bottom anti-filtration layer 11, a leachate guiding layer 12, a field bottom seepage-proofing film protection layer 13, a field bottom seepage-proofing layer 14, a field bottom GCL bentonite layer 15, a lower protective layer 16, and a field bottom base layer 17 arranged from outside to inside; the field bottom impermeable layer 14 is a double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane; the sloping slope seepage-proofing structure 20 comprises a sloping slope protective layer 21, a sloping slope seepage-proofing film protective layer 22, a sloping slope seepage-proofing layer 23, a sloping slope GCL bentonite layer 24, a sloping slope passivation layer 25 and a sloping slope base layer 26 which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein the sloping slope seepage-proofing layer 23 is a double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and the double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane is connected with the double-smooth-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane through a seam welding method; the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 is the same as the bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure 20, that is, the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 includes a steep side slope protective layer 32, a steep side slope seepage-proofing film protective layer 33, a steep side slope seepage-proofing layer 34, a steep side slope GCL bentonite layer 35, a steep side slope passivation layer 36 and a steep side slope substrate layer 37 which are arranged from outside to inside, the steep side slope seepage-proofing layer 34 is a double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and the double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 and the double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane in the bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure 20 are connected by a.
The double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane is formed by adopting high-quality polyethylene resin and copolymerizing the high-quality polyethylene resin by a three-layer co-extrusion blow molding technology and a double-layer co-extrusion extension technology, and has the advantages of good physical and mechanical properties, high tear strength, strong deformation adaptability, puncture resistance, aging resistance, ultraviolet resistance, oil salt and acid alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, high and low temperature resistance, no toxicity, long service life, good waterproof, drainage, seepage prevention and moisture prevention effects, low cost and simple construction. Optionally, the thickness of two optical surface high density polyethylene geomembranes is 2mm, and its thickness is too big, increases the degree of difficulty of laying, and thickness undersize is easily punctured.
The high-density polyethylene geomembrane with the double rough surfaces is prepared from high-density polyethylene resin, has higher ultraviolet resistance besides the performance of smooth surface and high density, improves the friction coefficient, increases the slope stability of the geosynthetic material so as to finally enable the available volume of the geomembrane to bear, can better meet the design requirements of steep slopes and vertical engineering, improves the engineering stability, has reliable seepage-proof effect, has the permeability coefficient of less than 10-17cm/s, and has the characteristics of strong tensile strength, elongation at break and puncture resistance, double-seam connection of seams by a heat welding machine, high seam strength, detection equipment, stable material, strong chemical agent resistance, easier construction and laying, low price, wide application and the like. Optionally, the thickness of two matte side high density polyethylene geomembranes is 2mm, and its thickness is too big, increases the degree of difficulty of laying, and thickness undersize is easily punctured.
The high and steep side slope seepage-proofing system is provided with a field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10, a bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure 20 and a steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 according to the environment conditions of the field bottom, the bevel side slope and the steep side slope of the pit, and each seepage-proofing structure is simple and has a good seepage-proofing effect, the field bottom seepage-proofing layer 14 adopts a double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and the side slope seepage-proofing layer adopts a double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane, so that each seepage-proofing structure has a targeted seepage-proofing effect according to the environment conditions.
Wherein the slope of the inclined slope in the inclined slope seepage-proofing structure 20 is not more than 1:2, and the slope of the steep slope in the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30 is more than 1: 2; the field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10, the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20 and the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30 are welded to ensure that each seepage-proofing structure can be tightly connected, and it can be understood that one end of each geotechnical material in the field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10 is connected with the lower end of each geotechnical material in the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20 in a welding mode; the upper ends of the earthwork materials in the sloping side slope seepage-proofing structure 20 are connected with the lower ends of the earthwork materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 by welding.
Optionally, a field bottom anchoring ditch 40 is arranged at the edge where the field bottom of the field bottom anti-seepage structure 10 is connected with the slope of the bevel slope anti-seepage structure 20, and the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure 10 extends out of the field bottom anchoring ditch 40 by not less than 1m, so that the geotechnical material of the field bottom anti-seepage structure 10 is welded with the geotechnical material of the bevel slope anti-seepage structure 20.
At least one sloping slope anchoring groove 50 is arranged on the sloping slope of the sloping slope seepage-proofing structure 20, and if the sloping slope length is greater than 10m or the slope height is greater than 5m, the sloping slope anchoring groove 50 needs to be additionally arranged, which can be understood as follows: the slope length of the bevel slope is less than 10m or the slope height is less than 5m, the number of the bevel slope anchoring grooves 50 is one, and the bevel slope anchoring grooves 50 are arranged at the top of the bevel slope; the slope length of the bevel slope is more than 10m and less than 20m or the slope height is more than 5m and less than 10m, the number of the bevel slope anchoring grooves 50 is two, and the like, so that the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20 on the bevel slope can be stable, and the design safety is met; the outer side of the earthwork material overhanging inclined slope anchoring groove 50 in the inclined slope seepage-proofing structure 20 is not less than 1m, so that the earthwork material of the upper inclined slope seepage-proofing structure 20 is welded with the earthwork material of the lower inclined slope seepage-proofing structure 20, or the earthwork material of the inclined slope seepage-proofing structure 20 is welded with the earthwork material of the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30.
At least one steep slope anchoring groove 60 is arranged on a steep slope of the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30, the steep slope anchoring groove 60 is arranged on the steep slope with the slope height of every 10m, and the outer side of the earthwork material in the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30 extending out of the steep slope anchoring groove 60 is not less than 1m, so that the earthwork material of the upper steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30 is welded with the earthwork material of the lower steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30. The blind ditch is built on the steep slope anchoring ditch 60, and the external corner of the blind ditch is provided with a fillet, so that the steep slope anchoring ditch 60 can be prevented from damaging the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30. At least one anchoring structure 70 is further arranged on the steep side slope of the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30, and one anchoring structure 70 is arranged on each steep side slope with the slope height of 5m, namely, the vertical distance between the anchoring structures 70 is 5m, so that the fixed connection between the unfixed part of the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 and the steep side slope is enhanced through the anchoring structures 70.
In one embodiment, the anchoring structure 70 is disposed 1m from the sloping-side anchoring groove 50, or the anchoring structure 70 is disposed more than 1m and less than or equal to 5m from the sloping-side anchoring groove 50; as shown in fig. 2, the anchoring structure 70 includes an anchoring bolt 71, a first anchoring steel plate 72, a first HDPE film pad 73, a second HDPE film pad 74, a second anchoring steel plate 75, a nut 76, a PE cap pad 77, and an anchoring anti-seepage film 78, the anchoring bolt 71 is sequentially inserted through the second anchoring steel plate 75, the second HDPE film pad 74, the steep slope anti-seepage structure 30, the first HDPE film pad 73, and the first anchoring steel plate 72 from top to bottom, one end of the anchoring bolt 71 is embedded in the bedrock of the steep slope, the other end of the anchoring bolt 71 is screwed through the nut 76, the PE cap pad 77 is sleeved on the nut 76, the anchoring anti-seepage film 78 is disposed above the PE cap pad 77, and the anchoring anti-seepage film 78 is connected with the upper and lower surfaces of the geomaterials, such as non-woven geotextiles, of the steep slope anti-seepage structure 30 by welding. Optionally, the anchor bolts 71 are phi 10 self-bottom-expanding bolts, the horizontal distance between each anchor bolt 71 is 500mm, the first anchor steel plates 72 are 100mm in width and 3mm in thickness, and are arranged uninterruptedly and continuously, which can be understood as full-length arrangement, and one anchor bolt 71 is arranged at a position, 100mm away from an end point, of each end of each first anchor steel plate 72; the second anchor steel plate 75 has the same structure as the first anchor steel plate 72; the anchoring impermeable membrane 78 is a 300mm wide HDPE impermeable membrane; the first HDPE membrane pad 73 is 100mm wide and is arranged uninterruptedly and continuously; the second HDPE film pad 74 has the same structure as the first HDPE film pad 73.
In one embodiment, the field bottom filtering layer 11 is 200g/m2The geotechnical filter screen of (2) plays a role in preventing organic nutrient soil from entering an underlying structure and allowing liquid to pass through. The leachate guiding layer 12 is a crushed stone layer with the thickness of 300 mm.
The field bottom impermeable membrane protective layer 13 is 600g/m2The geotextile produced by the non-woven processes such as a needle punching method, a chemical impregnation method, a hot rolling method, a spun-bonding method and the like has good filtering, draining, isolating and reinforcing effects.
The GCL bentonite layer 15 at the bottom of the field is 4800g/m2The composite material is prepared by sandwiching and sealing the bentonite cushion layer by two layers of geotextile and needling, bonding or sewing, and has good sealing and seepage-proofing effects.
The lower protective layer 16 is 600g/m2The non-woven geotextile enables the field bottom impermeable layer 14 and the field bottom GCL bentonite layer 15 to better play the impermeable effect under the protection of the field bottom impermeable film protective layer 13 and the lower protective layer 16.
The field subbottom layer 17 is formed by compacting and leveling clay, and the designed elevation needs to be reached. The lower part of the field subbase bottom layer 17 is provided with a groundwater drainage layer, and the groundwater drainage layer is a crushed stone inverted filter layer with the thickness of 800mm and is used for collecting and discharging groundwater of the landfill.
The slope protection layer 21 is formed by piling gravel sand bags, and is laid in a mode of piling while backfilling, so that the slope is more stable; the protective layer 22 of the anti-seepage film on the inclined slope is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the GCL bentonite layer 24 of the inclined slope is 4800g/m2The bentonite cushion layer and the geotextile; the passivation layer 25 of the sloping slope surface is a net hanging guniting layer to prevent the sloping slope surface from being washed by mountain water flow and corroded by rainwater, so that broken rock stratum in a certain depth of the slope surface can be strengthened; the bevel slope basement layer 26 is a rock stratum, wherein a guide drainage blind ditch is distributed on the bevel slope basement layer 26.
The laying method of the high and steep slope seepage-proofing system comprises the following steps:
s1: preparation work before laying: 1. before each geotechnical material enters a field, relevant performance inspection and test are carried out; 2. checking the leveling and passivating conditions of the field bottom and the base of the side slope, wherein the base is not sharp, or is leveled by adopting cement mortar; 3. each geotextile material should be correctly placed and marked according to the position in a plan view, and the laying area is reasonably planned according to the daily welding amount.
S2: laying the field bottom: firstly, arranging a field bottom anchoring ditch 40 at the edge where the field bottom is connected with the side slope, then laying all layers of materials in the field bottom anti-seepage structure 10, and fixing one end of the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure 10, such as a geotechnical filter screen, non-woven geotechnical cloth, geotechnical cloth and the like, through the field bottom anchoring ditch 40 during laying, wherein the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure 10 extends out of the field bottom anchoring ditch 40 by not less than 1m so as to be convenient for connection with the geotechnical material in the next step; if the slope length of the bevel slope is more than 10m or the slope height is more than 5m, the bevel slope anchoring groove 50 is additionally arranged.
S3: laying a slope: arranging a bevel slope anchoring ditch 50 on the top of a bevel slope, and then laying a bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20, wherein one end of a geotechnical material in the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20, such as non-woven geotechnical cloth, geotechnical cloth and the like, is fixed through the bevel slope anchoring ditch 50 during laying, and the outside of the bevel slope anchoring ditch 50, which is extended outwards by the geotechnical material in the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20, is not less than 1 m; after the fixing, connecting the other end of the geotechnical material in the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure 20 with one end of the geotechnical material extending out of the field bottom anchoring ditch 40 in the field bottom seepage-proofing structure 10;
s4: backfilling organic nutrient soil: backfilling the organic nutrient soil to the horizontal line where the inclined slope anchoring ditch 50 is located, compacting in layers, and leveling the organic nutrient soil within a range of 5m from the side slope to meet the construction bearing requirement;
s5: paving a steep side slope: dividing the steep side slope into a plurality of parts at a height of 10m, arranging a steep side slope anchoring ditch 60 at the joint of the divided steep side slope, then laying each layer of materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30, fixing one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure through the steep side slope anchoring ditch to enhance the fixed connection between the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 and the steep side slope, arranging an anchoring structure at every 5m of height during laying, anchoring the unfixed part of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure on the steep side slope, connecting one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure with one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure after anchoring, and finally laying the outermost layer in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure; the outer side of the earthwork material overhanging steep slope anchoring ditch 60 in the steep slope seepage-proofing structure 30 is not less than 1 m;
s6: and repeating the steps S4 and S5, and paving the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 on the remaining steep side slope to the top of the steep side slope.
The anchoring structure 70 comprises an anchoring bolt 71, a first anchoring steel plate 72, a first HDPE membrane pad 73, a second HDPE membrane pad 74, a second anchoring steel plate 75, a nut 76, a PE cap pad 77 and an anchoring impermeable membrane 78 which are installed on the anchoring bolt 71, the geomaterials in the steep slope impermeable structure 30 are clamped between the first HDPE membrane pad 73 and the second HDPE membrane pad 74, and the anchoring impermeable membrane 78 is connected with the geomaterials such as non-woven geotextiles on the outermost layer in the steep slope impermeable structure 30 in a welding mode.
Wherein, if the adjacent self-anchoring bolts 71 are not on a horizontal line, the overlapping length of the first anchoring steel plate 72 and the second anchoring steel plate 75 is not less than 1 m; the first anchoring steel plate 72 and the second anchoring steel plate 75 are both 100mm in width and 3mm in thickness; each end of each of the first anchor steel plate 72 and the second anchor steel plate 75 is provided with an anchor hole for installing an anchor bolt 71 at a position 100mm away from the end point. The final laying height of the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure 30 on the steep side slope is more than 2m higher than the final backfilling height of the organic nutrient soil.
The concrete laying method of the steep side slope comprises the following steps: firstly, stabilizing and passivating the side slope, arranging a steep side slope anchoring ditch 60 on the steep side slope with the height of 10m, positioning and setting out anchoring nodes on the side slope, implanting self-anchoring bolts 71 into the side slope and keeping the side slope stable, wherein each anchoring bolt 71 is kept on a horizontal line, then sequentially mounting a first anchoring steel plate 72, a first HDPE film pad 73, a steep side slope GCL bentonite layer 35, a steep side slope impermeable layer 34, a steep side slope impermeable film protective layer 33, a second HDPE film pad 74 and a second anchoring steel plate 75 on the anchoring bolts 71, then sleeving a nut 76 on the top ends of the anchoring bolts 71, then laying a PE cap pad 77 and an anchoring impermeable film 78, welding the anchoring impermeable film 78 and the steep side slope impermeable film protective layer 33, then laying gravel sand bags of the steep side slope protective layer 32, then fixing and connecting the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope impermeable structure 30 in the steep side slope anchoring ditch 60, and finally, backfilling organic nutrient soil, backfilling the organic nutrient soil to the horizontal line where the steep slope anchoring groove 60 is located, compacting in layers, leveling the organic nutrient soil within a range of 5m from the slope, and by analogy, paving the upper layer of steep slope with the height of 10m to the top of the steep slope according to the mode. The connecting joints of the impermeable materials in the impermeable structure 30 of the steep side slope and the first anchoring steel plate 72 and the second anchoring steel plate 75 are not located at the same position.
As shown in fig. 3, the slope of the laid steep side slope is 1:3, and the top of the impermeable structure 30 of the steep side slope is provided with a drainage ditch 31.
The paving method of the high and steep side slope seepage-proofing system is difficult to climb according to the environment with higher side slope height and steeper side slope height of the pit, adopts the paving process of side paving and side landfill from bottom to top, increases the operation safety of paving construction, and ensures the welding quality of the seepage-proofing film.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high and steep slope seepage-proofing system is used for seepage-proofing of a pit and is characterized by comprising a field bottom seepage-proofing structure, a bevel slope seepage-proofing structure positioned on one side of the field bottom seepage-proofing structure and a steep slope seepage-proofing structure positioned on one side of the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure far away from the field bottom seepage-proofing structure; the field bottom seepage-proofing structure comprises a field bottom reverse filtering layer, a leachate diversion layer, a field bottom seepage-proofing film protective layer, a field bottom seepage-proofing layer, a field bottom GCL bentonite layer, a lower protective layer and a field bottom substrate layer which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein the field bottom seepage-proofing layer is a double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane; the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure comprises a bevel slope protective layer, a bevel slope seepage-proofing film protective layer, a bevel slope seepage-proofing layer, a bevel slope GCL bentonite layer, a bevel slope surface passivation layer and a bevel slope base layer which are arranged from outside to inside, wherein the bevel slope seepage-proofing layer is a double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane, and the double-rough-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane is connected with the double-optical-surface high-density polyethylene geomembrane through a seam welding method; the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure is the same as the bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure.
2. The high steep slope impermeable system of claim 1, wherein the dual-optical-surface high density polyethylene geomembrane has a thickness of 2 mm; the thickness of the high-density polyethylene geomembrane with the double rough surfaces is 2 mm.
3. The high steep slope seepage prevention system of claim 1, wherein the field bottom inverted filter is 200g/m2The geotechnical filter screen; the leachate diversion layer is a crushed stone layer with the thickness of 300 mm; the protective layer of the field bottom anti-seepage film is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the GCL bentonite layer at the bottom of the field is 4800g/m2The bentonite cushion layer and the geotextile; the protective layer under the film is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the field subbottom layer is formed by compacting and flattening clay.
4. The high steep slope seepage prevention system of claim 1, wherein the slope protection layer is built from a gravel sand pack; the protective layer of the anti-seepage film on the inclined slope is 600g/m2The nonwoven geotextile of (a); the GCL bentonite layer of the inclined slope is 4800g/m2The bentonite cushion layer and the geotextile; the passivation layer of the slope surface of the inclined slope is a net hanging guniting layer; the base layer of the bevel slope is a rock stratum.
5. The high and steep slope seepage prevention system according to claim 1, wherein a groundwater drainage layer is arranged at the lower part of the field bottom substrate layer, and the groundwater drainage layer is a crushed stone reverse filter layer with the thickness of 800 mm; and a guide drainage blind ditch is distributed on the base layer of the bevel slope.
6. A laying method of a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: laying the field bottom: firstly, arranging a field bottom anchoring ditch at the edge where the field bottom is connected with the side slope, then laying each layer of material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure, fixing one end of the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure through the field bottom anchoring ditch during laying, wherein the geotechnical material in the field bottom anti-seepage structure extends out of the field bottom anchoring ditch by not less than 1 m;
s2: laying a slope: arranging a slope anchoring ditch on the top of the slope, and then paving a slope seepage-proofing structure, wherein one end of the geotechnical material in the slope seepage-proofing structure is fixed through the slope anchoring ditch, and the outer side of the geotechnical material in the slope seepage-proofing structure extending out of the slope anchoring ditch is not less than 1 m; after the fixing, connecting the other end of the geotechnical material in the bevel slope seepage-proofing structure with one end of the geotechnical material in the field bottom seepage-proofing structure;
s3: backfilling organic nutrient soil: backfilling the organic nutrient soil to the horizontal line where the inclined slope anchoring ditch is located, compacting in a layered manner, and leveling the organic nutrient soil within a range of 5m from the side slope;
s4: paving a steep side slope: dividing the steep side slope into a plurality of parts at the height of 10m, arranging a steep side slope anchoring ditch at the joint of the divided steep side slope, then laying each layer of materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure, fixing one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure through the steep side slope anchoring ditch, arranging an anchoring structure at every 5m height during laying, anchoring the part of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure, which is not fixed, on the steep side slope, connecting one end of the geotechnical materials in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure with one end of the geotechnical materials in the bevel side slope seepage-proofing structure after anchoring, and finally laying the outermost layer in the steep side slope seepage-proofing structure;
s5: and repeating the steps S3 and S4, and paving the steep side slope of the rest part with a steep side slope seepage-proofing structure to the top of the steep side slope.
7. The method for laying a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system according to claim 6, wherein in step S2, if the length of the slope of the inclined slope is greater than 10m or the height of the slope is greater than 5m, the slope anchoring ditch needs to be added.
8. The method for laying a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, the anchoring structure comprises an anchoring bolt, a first anchoring steel plate mounted on the anchoring bolt, a first HDPE film pad, a second anchoring steel plate, a nut, a PE cap pad and an anchoring seepage-proofing film, the geomaterials in the steep slope seepage-proofing structure are sandwiched between the first HDPE film pad and the second HDPE film pad, and the anchoring seepage-proofing film is connected with the outermost geomaterials in the steep slope seepage-proofing structure by welding.
9. The method for laying a high and steep slope seepage-proofing system according to claim 8, wherein the first anchoring steel plate has a width of 100mm and a thickness of 3 mm; and each end of each first anchoring steel plate is provided with an anchoring hole for mounting an anchoring bolt at a position 100mm away from the end point.
10. The method for laying a high and steep slope seepage prevention system according to claim 6, wherein in step S5, the final laying height of the steep slope seepage prevention structure on the steep slope is more than 2m higher than the final backfilling height of the organic nutrient soil.
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| CN114892685A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-12 | 中建八局第四建设有限公司 | Construction method for recyclable assembled membrane material slope protection |
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