CN112523210A - Rapid pile foundation construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in karst cave range - Google Patents
Rapid pile foundation construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in karst cave range Download PDFInfo
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- CN112523210A CN112523210A CN202011260844.1A CN202011260844A CN112523210A CN 112523210 A CN112523210 A CN 112523210A CN 202011260844 A CN202011260844 A CN 202011260844A CN 112523210 A CN112523210 A CN 112523210A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/34—Foundations for sinking or earthquake territories
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
A pile foundation rapid construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in a karst cave range; the method comprises the following steps: after pile position measurement lofting, mounting a steel road substrate; in the construction of the pile foundation of 30# and 31# of a Gurle double-line super-large bridge spanning an existing Hunan-Gui railway through newly-built southern Chong railways, the invention adopts a combined pile foundation construction technology that a full-rotation auxiliary rotary drilling drill is adopted to follow an outer protective cylinder to form a hole, a later permanent inner protective cylinder is followed to the bottom of the pile foundation, and crushed stones are filled between the inner protective cylinder and the outer protective cylinder to prevent settlement, so that the bridge pile foundation can possibly pass through a large karst-hole pile foundation, meanwhile, the ground surface settlement is effectively controlled during the construction of the communicated karst-hole pile foundation, the construction efficiency is further compressed, and the cost is.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bridge engineering construction method, in particular to a bridge pile foundation rapid construction method suitable for crossing a large karst area. The method can solve the construction problem that the pile foundation passes through a large karst cave area, effectively accelerate the construction progress of the pile foundation, reduce the construction investment and control the construction cost, and effectively reduce the ground surface settlement within the karst cave range in the construction process.
Background
With the rapid development of the traffic industry in China, the construction quantity of bridge projects is continuously increased, the construction range is continuously expanded, and bridge pile foundation construction inevitably needs to cross karst areas. Most of pile foundations in karst-crossing areas are end-bearing piles, and friction piles are designed unprecedentedly, so that the pile foundations must penetrate through a karst cave and be embedded into a complete bedrock or embedded into a complete bedrock of a karst cave top plate (the thickness is not less than 5 m). In the conventional small karst cave and the bead string type karst cave, the pile foundation design is often not avoided, and auxiliary measures such as throwing filling of rubbles, clay, cement or steel casing follow-up, concrete backfill and the like are added for hole forming; for the karst cave with the height larger than 5m, the design unit mostly adopts variable span (avoidance) or multi-pile matched special-shaped bearing platform treatment, and the technical difficulty of pile foundation construction is reduced.
For the problems that the bridge span cannot be adjusted and the design conditions of a multi-pile special-shaped bearing platform are insufficient, a plurality of pier foundation piles continuously penetrate through a large karst cave (the highest 43m) area and are communicated with the upper part of the karst cave and cross the pile foundation construction site of the existing railway roadbed, how to ensure the stability of the existing railway roadbed and the construction quality of the pile foundation penetrating through the large karst cave in the pile foundation construction period is urgent, and the construction technical problems are solved.
Classification of cavern size
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rapid construction method of a pile foundation, which passes through a large karst cave area and can effectively control the surface settlement in the karst cave range, and aims to accelerate the construction progress, reduce the construction cost and effectively control the surface settlement in the karst cave area.
The invention aims to provide a rapid construction method of a pile foundation, which can effectively control the surface settlement in the karst cave range.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a pile foundation rapid construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in a karst cave range comprises the following construction steps:
the first step is as follows: after pile position measurement lofting, the middle part of an installation steel road base plate is provided with a round hole for pile foundation construction, because the lower part of a pile position is developed with a large-scale karst cave, and the karst cave between two piers is under the existing railway roadbed and is in a through state, when the road base plate is installed, the central round hole of the road base plate covers the pile position, and the rest bottom surfaces except the road base plate are paved with 1cm steel plates which are used as bearing construction machinery to prevent the foundation from being unstable and mechanically toppling;
the second step is that: installing a full-slewing drilling machine and a counter-force fork, walking the crawler crane to the position near the drilling machine, and fixing the counter-force fork by using the crawler crane;
the third step: the full-slewing drilling machine is matched with the rotary drilling machine to lower the outer protective cylinder section by section until the karst cave bottom plate bedrock reaches a certain depth or follows to the bottom of the pile; the upper segment outer protective cylinder and the lower segment outer protective cylinder are fixedly connected through an upper joint and a lower joint: the upper joint of the upper section outer protective cylinder is formed by extending outwards along the outer wall surface of the cylinder body by the wall thickness 1/2 of the cylinder body, and fixing holes for bolting are uniformly distributed on the extending section; the lower joint of the lower-section outer protective cylinder is formed by extending outwards along the inner wall surface of the cylinder body and with the wall thickness 1/2 of the cylinder body; the lower joint is inserted into the upper joint and is bolted and fixed at the round hole.
The fourth step: a rotary drill drills pile holes in the outer protective cylinder, and the crawler crane lowers the inner protective cylinder section by section; the bottom of the inner protecting cylinder is completely embedded into the bedrock at a certain depth to the bedrock of the bottom plate of the karst cave, a plurality of circles of positioning rollers are welded on the outer wall of the inner protecting cylinder at equal intervals along the axial direction, 3-4 positioning rollers are welded on the inner protecting cylinder along the same circumference; the upper and lower section inner protective barrels are welded and lengthened and reinforced by batten plates; the verticality of the lower inner protecting cylinder is ensured, and a filling gravel area is formed between the inner protecting cylinder and the outer protecting cylinder.
The fifth step: filling broken stones between the inner protective sleeve and the outer protective sleeve, putting a reinforcement cage in the inner protective sleeve, pouring concrete by a guide pipe method, and pulling out the outer protective sleeve after the concrete is initially set; if the strength of the inner protecting cylinder is enough, the outer protecting cylinder can be directly pulled out after the filling of the broken stones between the inner protecting cylinder and the outer protecting cylinder is finished; and finally finishing the construction of the reinforced concrete pile foundation.
The distance between two adjacent circles of positioning rollers on the inner protective cylinder is 2 meters, 3 positioning rollers are uniformly distributed in each circle, and the 3 positioning rollers in the upper circle and the 3 positioning rollers in the lower circle are respectively positioned on 3 straight lines parallel to the axial lead of the inner protective cylinder; the number of the limiting steel plates at the top of the inner protective cylinder is 3.
The road base plate is a rectangular steel plate, and four lug plates for lifting are welded on two opposite edges of the road base plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the face of large karst caves or super-large karst caves, if the impact drilling construction treatment is adopted, the construction difficulty is increased, the construction progress is reduced, the construction cost is improved, and more importantly, the problem of ground surface settlement in the karst cave range cannot be well solved.
The actual construction verifies that the method can effectively control the ground surface settlement in the karst cave range, and meanwhile, the construction mode is simplified, the construction progress is accelerated, and the construction cost is reduced. The invention solves the technical problems that the bridge span cannot be adjusted and the multi-pile special-shaped bearing platform is difficult to implement when a bridge pile foundation passes through a large karst cave.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an outer jacket joint (the same applies to the inner jacket joint).
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the outer sheath passing through the cavern.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the road substrate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a crawler crane complete rotation brick machine.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the outer jacket lowered to the karst cave floor bedrock.
Fig. 6 and 7 are a left side view and a perspective view of the inner casing with a welding limiting steel plate and a positioning roller respectively.
FIG. 8 is a schematic drawing showing the inner and outer casings lowered.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the packing of crushed stone between the inner and outer sheaths.
Detailed Description
In the attached drawing, an outer protective cylinder 1, an inner protective cylinder 2, an upper joint 1a of the outer protective cylinder, a lower joint 1b of the outer protective cylinder, a positioning roller 3, a limiting steel plate 4, a karst cave area 5, a bedrock surface 6, a gravel filling area 7 and a roadbed plate 8.
Fig. 8 and 9 show that the rapid construction method of the pile foundation capable of effectively controlling the surface settlement in the karst cave range comprises the following construction steps:
the first step is as follows: after pile position measurement and lofting, the middle part of an 8-way base plate 8 of an installation steel way base plate is provided with a round hole for pile foundation construction, because the lower part of a pile position is developed with a large-scale karst cave, and the karst cave between two piers is under the existing railway roadbed and is in a through state, when the way base plate 8 is installed, the round hole at the center of the way base plate 8 is covered on the pile position, and the rest bottom surfaces except the way base plate are paved with 1cm steel plates which are used as bearing construction machinery to prevent the foundation from being unstable and mechanical overturning;
the second step is that: installing a full-slewing drilling machine 10 and a counterforce fork, walking a crawler crane 9 to the vicinity of the drilling machine, and fixing the counterforce fork by using the crawler crane;
the third step: the full-slewing drilling machine is matched with the rotary drilling machine to lower the outer protective cylinder 1 section by section until the bottom plate bedrock of the karst cave reaches a certain depth; the upper section of thick bamboo that protects outward with the lower section of thick bamboo is connected through upper and lower joint 1a, 1b between the section of thick bamboo and is bolted fixation again: the upper joint 1a of the upper section outer protective cylinder is formed by extending outwards along the outer wall surface of the cylinder body by the wall thickness 1/2 of the cylinder body, and round holes for bolting are uniformly distributed on the extending section; the lower joint 1b of the lower-section outer casing is formed by extending outwards along the inner wall surface of the cylinder body and with the wall thickness 1/2 of the cylinder body; the lower joint is inserted into the upper joint and is bolted and fixed at the round hole. In fig. 1, the outer jacket joint: the diameter of the left part is larger, the diameter of the right part is smaller, and the two parts are fixed by bolts after being sleeved.
The fourth step: a rotary drill 11 drills pile holes in the outer protective cylinder 1, and the crawler crane 9 lowers the inner protective cylinder 2 section by section; ensuring that the bottom of the inner protective cylinder is completely embedded into the bedrock at a certain depth from the bedrock of the bottom plate of the karst cave; a plurality of circles of positioning rollers 3 are welded on the outer wall of the inner protecting cylinder 2 at equal intervals along the axial direction, 3-4 positioning rollers 3 are welded on the inner protecting cylinder along the same circumference; the upper and lower section inner protective barrels are welded and lengthened and reinforced by batten plates; ensuring the verticality of the lowered inner protecting cylinder on one hand and forming a gravel filling area 7 between the inner protecting cylinder and the outer protecting cylinder on the other hand;
the fifth step: filling broken stones between the inner protective sleeve and the outer protective sleeve, putting a reinforcement cage in the inner protective sleeve, pouring concrete by a guide pipe method, and pulling out the outer protective sleeve after the concrete is initially set; if the strength of the inner protecting cylinder is enough, the outer protecting cylinder can be directly pulled out after the filling of the broken stones between the inner protecting cylinder and the outer protecting cylinder is finished; and finally finishing the construction of the reinforced concrete pile foundation, and referring to fig. 9. The road base plate 8 is a rectangular steel plate, and four lug plates for hoisting are welded on two opposite sides of the road base plate 8, as shown in fig. 3.
The distance between two adjacent circles of positioning rollers on the inner protective cylinder is 2 meters, 3 positioning rollers are uniformly distributed in each circle, and the 3 positioning rollers in the upper circle and the 3 positioning rollers in the lower circle are respectively positioned on 3 straight lines parallel to the axial lead of the inner protective cylinder; the number of the limiting steel plates at the top of the inner protective cylinder is 3.
Principle of operation
Utilize strong torsion and the holding down force of full rotary drill, make the accurate large-scale solution cavity that passes through of outer protecting section of thick bamboo, through outer protecting section of thick bamboo segmentation extension rotation pushing down to the pile foundation bottom, for the pile foundation provides the construction space in the solution cavity of filling soft form clay, the in-process is assisted and is dug a pore-forming soon and weaken the resistance of transferring of outer protecting section of thick bamboo.
After the outer protective barrel is completely placed, after the outer protective barrel is drilled into a drill hole to form a pile, removing sediment at the bottom of the pile foundation, lengthening and placing the inner protective barrel in sections into bedrock at the bottom of the pile foundation, after the inner protective barrel is completely placed, placing a reinforcement cage, pouring concrete by a conduit method, and after the concrete is initially set, pulling out the outer protective barrel or pulling out the outer protective barrel in the concrete pouring process. A positioning roller is welded between the inner protective barrel and the outer protective barrel, so that the verticality of the inner protective barrel after the inner protective barrel is placed down is ensured; and macadam is filled between the inner and outer protective cylinders to ensure that the ground surface does not generate settlement after the outer protective cylinder is pulled out.
Claims (3)
1. A pile foundation rapid construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in a karst cave range is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
the first step is as follows: after pile position measurement and lofting, the middle part of a road base plate (8) for mounting a steel road base plate (8) is provided with a round hole for pile foundation construction, because the lower part of each pile position is developed with a large karst cave, and the karst cave between two piles is under the existing railway roadbed and is in a through state, when the road base plate (8) is mounted, the round hole at the center of the road base plate (8) is covered on the pile position, and the bottom surfaces except the road base plate are paved with 1cm steel plates which are used as bearing construction machinery to prevent the foundation from being unstable and mechanically toppling;
the second step is that: installing a full-slewing drilling machine (10) and a counterforce fork, walking a crawler crane (9) to the vicinity of the drilling machine, and fixing the counterforce fork by using the crawler crane;
the third step: the full-slewing drilling machine is matched with the rotary drilling machine to lower the outer protective cylinder (1) section by section until the bottom plate bedrock of the karst cave reaches a certain depth; the upper section of outer protecting cylinder and the lower section of outer protecting cylinder are connected through an upper joint and a lower joint (1a and 1b) and then are welded and fixed: the upper joint (1a) of the upper section outer protective cylinder is formed by extending outwards along the outer wall surface of the cylinder body by the wall thickness 1/2 of the cylinder body, and fixing holes for bolting are uniformly distributed on the extending section; the lower joint (1b) of the lower-section outer protective cylinder is formed by extending outwards along the inner wall surface of the cylinder body and with the wall thickness 1/2 of the cylinder body; the lower joint is inserted into the upper joint and is bolted and fixed at the round hole;
the fourth step: a pile hole is drilled in the outer protective cylinder (1) by a rotary drilling rig, and the inner protective cylinder (2) is lowered by the crawler crane in sections; the bottom of the inner protecting cylinder is completely embedded into the bedrock at a certain depth from the bedrock of the bottom plate of the karst cave, a plurality of circles of positioning rollers (3) are welded on the outer wall of the inner protecting cylinder (2) at equal intervals along the axial direction, 3-4 positioning rollers (3) are welded on the inner protecting cylinder along the same circumference; the upper and lower section inner protective barrels are welded and lengthened and reinforced by batten plates; (ii) a Ensuring the verticality of the lowered inner protecting cylinder on one hand and forming a gravel filling area (7) between the inner protecting cylinder and the outer protecting cylinder on the other hand;
the fifth step: filling broken stones between the inner protective sleeve and the outer protective sleeve, putting a reinforcement cage in the inner protective sleeve, pouring concrete by a guide pipe method, and pulling out the outer protective sleeve after the concrete is initially set; if the strength of the inner protecting cylinder is enough, the outer protecting cylinder can be directly pulled out after the filling of the broken stones between the inner protecting cylinder and the outer protecting cylinder is finished; and finally finishing the construction of the reinforced concrete pile foundation.
2. The method for quickly constructing the pile foundation capable of effectively controlling the surface settlement in the karst cave range according to claim 1, wherein the distance between two adjacent circles of positioning rollers on the inner protecting cylinder is 2 meters, 3 positioning rollers are uniformly distributed on each circle, and the 3 positioning rollers on the upper circle and the 3 positioning rollers on the lower circle are respectively positioned on 3 straight lines parallel to the axial line of the inner protecting cylinder; the number of the limiting steel plates at the top of the inner protective cylinder is 3.
3. The rapid construction method of pile foundation capable of effectively controlling surface settlement within the karst cave range according to claim 1, characterized in that the roadbed plate (8) is a rectangular steel plate, and four lug plates for hoisting are welded on two opposite sides of the roadbed plate (8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011260844.1A CN112523210A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Rapid pile foundation construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in karst cave range |
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| CN202011260844.1A CN112523210A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Rapid pile foundation construction method capable of effectively controlling surface settlement in karst cave range |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115506350A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-12-23 | 杭州余杭建筑设计院有限公司 | Construction device and construction method for removing obstacles of existing pile foundation |
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2020
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