CN112521764A - Degradable tableware and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable tableware and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112521764A CN112521764A CN201910874549.6A CN201910874549A CN112521764A CN 112521764 A CN112521764 A CN 112521764A CN 201910874549 A CN201910874549 A CN 201910874549A CN 112521764 A CN112521764 A CN 112521764A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
- A47G19/00—Table service
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention provides degradable tableware, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of plant fiber, 20 parts of plant starch, 5-10 parts of adhesive auxiliary agent and 2-5 parts of inorganic filler. The preparation method of the degradable tableware comprises the steps of prefabricating a mold, pretreating the plant fiber, mixing, filling the mold, molding the mold, trimming and the like, has fewer steps, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for industrial production, is favorable for reducing the cost, can be completely degraded, has a short degradation period, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is beneficial to human health.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tableware manufacturing, in particular to degradable tableware and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, common tableware is mainly made of plastic products, mainly petroleum is used as a raw material, polyethylene or polystyrene is used as a component, the common tableware is discarded after the use function is finished, the common tableware is difficult to degrade in a short time, and the pollution to the environment is serious; when the packaging material is used for packaging food, the packaging material has great harm to human health, and once the packaging material is heated, harmful substances can be absorbed by human bodies, so that the packaging material can have serious influence on human body functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the first technical problem of providing degradable tableware, which can be completely degraded, has short degradation period, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is beneficial and harmless to human bodies.
In order to solve the technical problems, the degradable tableware provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of plant fiber, 20 parts of plant starch, 5-10 parts of adhesive auxiliary agent and 2-5 parts of inorganic filler.
The technical scheme is that the degradable tableware comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of plant fiber, 20 parts of plant starch, 5-10 parts of adhesive auxiliary agent and 2-5 parts of inorganic filler, so the biodegradable plastic can be completely degraded, has short degradation period, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is beneficial to human body and harmless.
The plant starch is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch and potato starch.
According to the technical scheme, the technical means that the plant starch is selected from one or two or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch and potato starch is adopted, so that the permeability of the material is high, the binding tightness is increased during preparation, and the density and uniformity of the product are improved.
The adhesive auxiliary agent is one or a mixture of two or more of sodium alginate, peach gum and xanthan gum.
The technical scheme adopts the technical means that the adhesive auxiliary agent is selected from one or the mixture of two or more of sodium alginate, peach gum and xanthan gum, so that the strength and toughness of the material are favorably improved.
The inorganic filler is one or a mixture of two or more of talcum powder and calcium carbonate.
The technical scheme adopts the technical means that the inorganic filler is selected from one or two or more of talcum powder and calcium carbonate, so that the uniformity and the fluidity of the mixed materials are favorably improved.
The plant fiber is one or a mixture of two or more of lotus leaf, reed stem, indocalamus leaf and bamboo.
The technical scheme adopts one or a mixture of two or more of the following technical means that the plant fiber is selected from lotus leaves (having the effects of reducing fat, clearing intestines and stomach, expelling toxin, beautifying, nourishing liver, moistening lung, raising fragrance, dissipating heat, removing summer heat, promoting diuresis, strengthening spleen, invigorating yang, dissipating blood stasis, stopping bleeding and the like, and also can obviously reduce the content of triglyceride and cholesterol in serum, and has no side effect, the lotus leaves are used as the material, so that the health of human bodies is not affected, and the technical means has natural health-care effects, reed stems (having the effects of clearing lung, eliminating phlegm, removing blood stasis, expelling pus, clearing lung and stomach, promoting the production of body fluid, quenching thirst and relieving restlessness), indocalamus leaves (having the effects of clearing heat, relieving restlessness, promoting diuresis, expelling toxin and the like), and bamboos (having the effects of resisting bacteria, resisting aging, clearing heart, promoting diuresis and the like), therefore, the plant fiber adopts natural materials, has faint, oxidation resistance, easy degradation of the used waste, no pollution to the environment, safety and environmental protection.
Compared with the prior art, the degradable tableware disclosed by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the technical scheme is that the degradable tableware comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of plant fiber, 20 parts of plant starch, 5-10 parts of adhesive auxiliary agent and 2-5 parts of inorganic filler, so the biodegradable plastic can be completely degraded, has short degradation period, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is beneficial to human body and harmless.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of degradable tableware, which has fewer steps, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable for industrial production, and is beneficial to reducing the cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the method for preparing the degradable tableware according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
in the first step, a mold is prefabricated and prepared according to the needs of the product.
And secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely cleaning the lotus leaves, airing the lotus leaves, putting the lotus leaves into a sterilization box for 2 to 24 hours, taking the lotus leaves out, putting the lotus leaves into a drying box, drying the lotus leaves for at least 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting the lotus leaves to the required size.
Or removing soil from the reed stems, cleaning, airing water, cutting into sections, and cutting to the required size.
Or picking fresh indocalamus leaves, cleaning, drying and cutting to the required size.
Or cutting fresh bamboo bundle into segments, removing inner segments, drawing wire, grinding, cleaning, oven drying, and grinding into powder.
And thirdly, mixing, namely uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos, or uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos with plant starch and inorganic filler to obtain a raw material mixture for later use.
And fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated mold.
And step five, molding the die, compressing the raw material mixture in the die, spraying the adhesive after primary molding, compressing again, taking out from the die, and drying water to obtain a crude product.
And sixthly, trimming, namely trimming the rough edge of the rough product to obtain the finished product of the degradable tableware.
The preparation method of the degradable tableware adopted by the technical scheme comprises the following steps: firstly, prefabricating a mould, and preparing the mould according to the requirement of a product; secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely cleaning the lotus leaves, airing the lotus leaves, putting the lotus leaves into a sterilization box for 2 to 24 hours, taking the lotus leaves out, putting the lotus leaves into a drying box, drying the lotus leaves for at least 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting the lotus leaves to a required size; or removing soil from the reed stems, cleaning, airing water, cutting into sections, and cutting to the required size; or picking fresh indocalamus leaves, cleaning, drying and cutting to the required size; or cutting fresh bamboo bundles into segments, removing inner joints, drawing wires, polishing, cleaning, drying and grinding into powder; thirdly, mixing, namely uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos, or uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos with plant starch and inorganic filler to obtain a raw material mixture for later use; fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated mould; fifthly, molding the die, compressing the raw material mixture in the die, spraying the adhesive after primary molding, compressing again, taking out from the die, and drying to obtain a crude product; and sixthly, trimming the rough edges of the rough product, and preparing the degradable tableware of the finished product by the technical means, so the method has the advantages of fewer steps, simple and convenient operation, suitability for industrial production and contribution to reducing the cost, and simultaneously, the degradable tableware prepared by the method can be completely degraded, has short degradation period, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is beneficial to human body.
When the plant fiber is lotus leaves in the second step, fresh lotus leaves are selected, and rotten and damaged parts on the edges are removed.
And when the plant fiber is the lotus leaf in the second step, the method for airing the water is natural airing.
And when the plant fiber is reed stems in the second step, the method for airing the water is natural air drying.
When the plant fiber is Indocalamus leaf in the second step, the drying process includes drying and dewatering in a drier at constant temperature of 55-60 deg.c for 20-24 hr.
And fifthly, the method for airing the water is natural air drying.
According to the technical scheme, when the plant fiber is lotus leaves in the second step, fresh lotus leaf leaves are selected, and rotten and damaged parts on the edges are removed; when the plant fiber is lotus leaves in the second step, the method for airing water is natural air drying; when the plant fiber is reed stems in the second step, the method for airing the water is natural air drying; when the plant fiber is indocalamus leaves in the second step, the drying method is to put the plant fiber into a baking machine, dry and dehydrate the plant fiber at the constant temperature of 55-60 ℃ for 20-24 hours; and the method for airing the moisture is a natural airing technical means, so that the freshness of the material is ensured and the efficacy of the material is maintained.
And fifthly, the compression temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the pressure is 0.8-1.5 MPa.
The technical scheme adopts the technical means that the compression temperature in the fifth step is 80-150 ℃ and the pressure is 0.8-1.5MPa, so that the material deformation is prevented, and the strength and the toughness of the material are ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the degradable tableware has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the degradable tableware adopted by the technical scheme comprises the following steps: firstly, prefabricating a mould, and preparing the mould according to the requirement of a product; secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely cleaning the lotus leaves, airing the lotus leaves, putting the lotus leaves into a sterilization box for 2 to 24 hours, taking the lotus leaves out, putting the lotus leaves into a drying box, drying the lotus leaves for at least 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting the lotus leaves to a required size; or removing soil from the reed stems, cleaning, airing water, cutting into sections, and cutting to the required size; or picking fresh indocalamus leaves, cleaning, drying and cutting to the required size; or cutting fresh bamboo bundles into segments, removing inner joints, drawing wires, polishing, cleaning, drying and grinding into powder; thirdly, mixing, namely uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos, or uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos with plant starch and inorganic filler to obtain a raw material mixture for later use; fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated mould; fifthly, molding the die, compressing the raw material mixture in the die, spraying the adhesive after primary molding, compressing again, taking out from the die, and drying to obtain a crude product; and sixthly, trimming the rough edges of the rough product, and preparing the degradable tableware of the finished product by the technical means, so the method has the advantages of fewer steps, simple and convenient operation, suitability for industrial production and contribution to reducing the cost, and simultaneously, the degradable tableware prepared by the method can be completely degraded, has short degradation period, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and is beneficial to human body.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of degradable tableware according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
Firstly, prefabricating a mould and preparing a disc-shaped mould;
secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely selecting fresh lotus leaves, removing rotten and damaged parts on the edges, cleaning, naturally drying, airing, placing in a sterilization box for 20 hours, taking out, placing in a drying box, drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting to the diameter of 10-15 cm;
thirdly, mixing, namely taking 100 parts of the pretreated lotus leaves to obtain a raw material mixture for later use;
fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated disc-shaped mold;
fifthly, molding the mold, compressing the raw material mixture in the mold, spraying 5 parts of sodium alginate after primary molding, compressing again, controlling the temperature at 100 ℃ on average and the pressure at 0.8-1.0MPa to prevent damage caused by overhigh temperature and overhigh pressure, taking out the raw material mixture from the mold, naturally drying, and airing water to obtain a crude product;
and sixthly, trimming, namely trimming the rough edge of the rough product to obtain the finished product of the degradable tableware.
Example 2
Firstly, prefabricating a mold and preparing a bowl-shaped mold;
secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely selecting fresh lotus leaves, removing rotten and damaged parts on the edges, cleaning, naturally drying, airing, placing in a sterilization box for 20 hours, taking out, placing in a drying box, drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting to the diameter of 10-15 cm;
removing soil from the reed stems, cleaning, naturally drying, airing moisture, cutting into sections, and cutting to a length of 10-15 cm;
picking fresh indocalamus leaves, cleaning, putting into a baking machine, keeping the temperature at 55-60 ℃, drying and dehydrating for 24 hours to realize drying, and cutting to the length of 10-15 cm;
thirdly, mixing, namely uniformly mixing 50 parts of pretreated lotus leaves, 20 parts of reed stems and 20 parts of indocalamus leaves with 10 parts of corn starch, 1 part of talcum powder and 2 parts of calcium carbonate to obtain a raw material mixture for later use;
fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated bowl-shaped mold;
fifthly, molding the mold, compressing the raw material mixture in the mold, spraying 8 parts of xanthan gum after primary molding, compressing again, controlling the temperature at 120 ℃ on average and the pressure at 0.8-1.2MPa to prevent damage caused by overhigh temperature and overhigh pressure, taking out the xanthan gum from the mold, naturally drying, and airing moisture to obtain a crude product;
and sixthly, trimming, namely trimming the rough edge of the rough product to obtain the finished product of the degradable tableware.
Example 3
Firstly, prefabricating a mold and preparing a chopstick-shaped mold;
secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely selecting fresh lotus leaves, removing rotten and damaged parts on the edges, cleaning, naturally drying, airing, placing in a sterilization box for 20 hours, taking out, placing in a drying box, drying for 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting to the diameter of 10-15 cm;
cutting fresh bamboo bundle into segments, removing inner segments, drawing wires, polishing, cleaning, drying and grinding into powder.
Step three, mixing, namely uniformly mixing 60 parts of lotus leaves and 20 parts of bamboo powder which are pretreated with 10 parts of potato starch, 1 part of talcum powder and 2 parts of calcium carbonate to obtain a raw material mixture for later use;
fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated chopstick-shaped mold;
fifthly, molding the mold, compressing the raw material mixture in the mold, spraying 5 parts of peach gum after primary molding, compressing again, controlling the temperature at 130 ℃ on average and the pressure at 0.8-1.5MPa to prevent damage caused by overhigh temperature and overhigh pressure, taking out the mold, naturally drying, and airing water to obtain a crude product;
and sixthly, trimming, namely trimming the rough edge of the rough product to obtain the finished product of the degradable tableware.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The degradable tableware is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of plant fiber, 20 parts of plant starch, 5-10 parts of adhesive auxiliary agent and 2-5 parts of inorganic filler.
2. The degradable tableware of claim 1,
the plant starch is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of corn starch, sweet potato starch and potato starch.
3. The degradable tableware of claim 1,
the adhesive auxiliary agent is one or a mixture of two or more of sodium alginate, peach gum and xanthan gum.
4. The degradable tableware of claim 1,
the inorganic filler is one or a mixture of two or more of talcum powder and calcium carbonate.
5. The degradable tableware according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the plant fiber is one or a mixture of two or more of lotus leaf, reed stem, indocalamus leaf and bamboo.
6. A method for preparing the degradable tableware of claim 5, comprising the steps of:
firstly, prefabricating a mould, and preparing the mould according to the requirement of a product;
secondly, pretreating plant fibers, namely cleaning the lotus leaves, airing the lotus leaves, putting the lotus leaves into a sterilization box for 2 to 24 hours, taking the lotus leaves out, putting the lotus leaves into a drying box, drying the lotus leaves for at least 24 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and cutting the lotus leaves to a required size;
or removing soil from the reed stems, cleaning, airing water, cutting into sections, and cutting to the required size;
or picking fresh indocalamus leaves, cleaning, drying and cutting to the required size;
or cutting fresh bamboo bundles into segments, removing inner joints, drawing wires, polishing, cleaning, drying and grinding into powder;
thirdly, mixing, namely uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos, or uniformly mixing one or two or more of the pretreated lotus leaves, reed stems, indocalamus leaves and bamboos with plant starch and inorganic filler to obtain a raw material mixture for later use;
fourthly, filling the raw material mixture into a prefabricated mould;
fifthly, molding the die, compressing the raw material mixture in the die, spraying the adhesive after primary molding, compressing again, taking out from the die, and drying to obtain a crude product;
and sixthly, trimming, namely trimming the rough edge of the rough product to obtain the finished product of the degradable tableware.
7. The method for preparing degradable tableware according to claim 6,
when the plant fiber is lotus leaves in the second step, selecting fresh lotus leaves and removing rotten and damaged parts on the edges;
when the plant fiber is lotus leaves in the second step, the method for airing water is natural air drying;
when the plant fiber is reed stems in the second step, the method for airing the water is natural air drying;
when the plant fiber is indocalamus leaves in the second step, the drying method is to put the plant fiber into a baking machine, dry and dehydrate the plant fiber at the constant temperature of 55-60 ℃ for 20-24 hours;
and fifthly, the method for airing the water is natural air drying.
8. The method for preparing degradable tableware according to claim 6,
and fifthly, the compression temperature is 80-150 ℃, and the pressure is 0.8-1.5 MPa.
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| CN201910874549.6A CN112521764A (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | Degradable tableware and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113583461A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Preparation method of banana stem leaf and straw fiber composite material |
| CN115678114A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-02-03 | 安徽恒鑫环保新材料有限公司 | Degradable foamed tableware and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-09-17 CN CN201910874549.6A patent/CN112521764A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113583461A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Preparation method of banana stem leaf and straw fiber composite material |
| CN115678114A (en) * | 2022-11-07 | 2023-02-03 | 安徽恒鑫环保新材料有限公司 | Degradable foamed tableware and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210319 |