CN112521163A - 一种石墨尾矿的利用方法 - Google Patents

一种石墨尾矿的利用方法 Download PDF

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CN112521163A
CN112521163A CN202011467108.3A CN202011467108A CN112521163A CN 112521163 A CN112521163 A CN 112521163A CN 202011467108 A CN202011467108 A CN 202011467108A CN 112521163 A CN112521163 A CN 112521163A
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graphite tailings
water
auxiliary agent
parts
molten material
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彭寿
任东风
文贵强
陈涛
李新雨
李玉峰
刘海东
王文齐
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Triumph Graphite Carbon Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种石墨尾矿的利用方法，以石墨尾矿、纯碱、碳酸钙、白云石为主要原料，以少量硼酸或硼砂作为添加剂，在高温炉中进行高温煅烧熔制，然后过冷却水后形成水淬颗粒，经球磨机球磨后筛分得到低熔点粉体助剂，可作为一种低温共烧陶瓷的良好助剂。本发明制备得到的粉体助剂有效地降低共烧陶瓷的煅烧温度，降低能耗，同时有效地利用了石墨尾矿作为加工原料，更环保，实现固废资源的高效利用。

Description

一种石墨尾矿的利用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种石墨尾矿的利用方法，具体都涉及一种石墨尾矿固废资源化利用。
背景技术
石墨尾矿是由石墨原矿经过采选后产生的固废资源，目前，我国石墨尾矿累积堆存量超过1亿吨。早期，石墨尾矿大多采用尾矿库湿排法，尾矿库占用大量土地，对周围空气、水及土壤环境造成威胁 ，同时对下游居民生活是一个长期的隐患；近些年，随着尾矿干排和固化技术的发展，石墨尾矿库的安全性得到了很大的提升。
石墨尾矿主要由石英、长石类、云母等其他硅酸盐矿物组成，具备良好的综合利用前景，目前，石墨尾矿的综合利用的研究大多集中在免烧砖、空心砖、建筑混凝土骨料、白炭黑等方面，尚未有相关文献资料记录利用石墨尾矿作为主要原料生产低温共烧陶瓷的助剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决现有技术中石墨尾矿综合利用面交窄的缺陷，提供的一种石墨尾矿的利用方法。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种石墨尾矿的利用方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
以石墨尾矿、纯碱、碳酸钙、白云石为主要原料，以硼酸作为添加剂，经过球磨至一定粒度得到混合料，其中石墨尾矿的粒度为180目～250目；白云石细度为200目～325目；
球磨好的混合料经过混匀煅烧熔制后得熔制料，熔制料过冷水水淬；
冷水水淬后的熔制料再经球磨机球磨后筛分得到粉体助剂。
进一步的技术方案是：
a.将石墨尾矿、纯碱、碳酸钙、白云石以及硼酸按比例称重后，送入磨机中进行研磨混匀，控制混合料粒度在200～400目，各原料配比为：石墨尾矿60～80份，纯碱5～16份，碳酸钙15～60份，白云石0～10份，硼酸0～15份；
b.将研磨好的混合料装入氧化铝坩埚中，然后送入高温炉中，在1200℃～1400℃下进行煅烧熔制成熔制料，时间为2～4h；
c.待煅烧熔制完成后，将坩埚中的熔制料倒入冷水池中水淬，得到水淬颗粒；
d.水淬颗粒经过干燥后送入磨机中进行粉磨，最终得到粉体助剂，粉体助剂的粒度控制在200～325目。
本发明技术方案中，所述石墨尾矿中根据石墨尾矿性质，可通过提纯将铁含量控制在0.1%以下；所述磨机中所用球磨介质为锆球或氧化铝球。
本发明的优点在于：有效地利用了石墨尾矿中的有用组分，减少了石墨尾矿的自然堆积量，从而降低了对土地环境的不利影响。本发明利用石墨尾矿中的有用成分，与其他原料共混制备得到低熔点的粉体助剂，作为添加剂可降低共烧陶瓷的烧结温度，降低共烧陶瓷的生产成本。
具体实施方式
实施例1
1、采用攀枝花地区某石墨尾矿，将74份石墨尾矿、30份碳酸钙、13份碳酸钠、5份白云石以及4份硼酸混合均匀后送入磨机中进行研磨，出料粒度控制在250目；
2、将步骤1中得到研磨料装入氧化铝坩埚后，送入高温中进行煅烧熔制，煅烧温度为1400℃，煅烧时间为3h；
3、步骤2中煅烧熔制完成后，将坩埚中的物料过冷水水淬，得到水淬颗粒；
4、步骤2中的水淬颗粒经干燥后送入磨机中进行球磨处理，控制出料粒度在200目，得到最终的低熔点粉体助剂。
Al2O3 的熔点为2050 ℃,致使烧成Al2O3 陶瓷需较高的温度和热耗，纯Al2O3陶瓷烧结温度在常压下通常要达到1800℃以上，95Al2O3陶瓷烧结温度也达到1600℃以上。
将步骤4中得到的粉体助剂按Al2O3粉体质量的5%作为95Al2O3陶瓷的助剂进行共混烧结，最终最佳烧结温度为1350℃左右，因此通过添加适量的助剂，能有效降低氧化铝陶瓷的烧结温度。
实施例2
1.步骤1，采用攀枝花地区某石墨尾矿，将68份石墨尾矿、42份碳酸钙、10份碳酸钠、5份白云石以及8份硼酸混合均匀后送入磨机中进行研磨，出料粒度控制在300目；
2. 步骤2.将步骤1中得到研磨料装入氧化铝坩埚后，送入高温中进行煅烧熔制，煅烧温度为1350℃，煅烧时间为2.5h；
3. 步骤3.步骤2中煅烧熔制完成后，将坩埚中的物料过冷水水淬，得到水淬颗粒；
4. 步骤4.步骤3中的水淬颗粒经干燥后送入磨机中进行球磨处理，控制出料粒度在200目，得到最终的低熔点粉体助剂。
将步骤4中得到的粉体助剂按Al2O3粉体质量的5%作为95Al2O3陶瓷的助剂进行共混烧结，最终最佳烧结温度为1300℃左右，因此通过添加适量的助剂，能有效降低氧化铝陶瓷的烧结温度。

Claims (2)

1.一种石墨尾矿的利用方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
以石墨尾矿、纯碱、碳酸钙、白云石为主要原料，以硼酸作为添加剂，经过球磨至一定粒度得到混合料，其中石墨尾矿的粒度为180目～250目；白云石细度为200目～325目；
球磨好的混合料经过混匀煅烧熔制后得熔制料，熔制料过冷水水淬；
冷水水淬后的熔制料再经球磨机球磨后筛分得到粉体助剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种石墨尾矿的利用方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
将石墨尾矿、纯碱、碳酸钙、白云石以及硼酸按比例称重后，送入磨机中进行研磨混匀，控制混合料粒度在200～400目，各原料配比为：石墨尾矿60～80份，纯碱5～16份，碳酸钙15～60份，白云石0～10份，硼酸0～15份；
将研磨好的混合料装入氧化铝坩埚中，然后送入高温炉中，在1200℃～1400℃下进行煅烧熔制成熔制料，时间为2～4h；
待煅烧熔制完成后，将坩埚中的熔制料倒入冷水池中水淬，得到水淬颗粒；
水淬颗粒经过干燥后送入磨机中进行粉磨，最终得到粉体助剂，粉体助剂的粒度控制在200～325目。
CN202011467108.3A 2020-12-14 2020-12-14 一种石墨尾矿的利用方法 Pending CN112521163A (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113979441A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-01-28 凯盛石墨碳材料有限公司 一种石墨固废资源化的方法
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