CN112520865B - Method and device for measuring release amount of water body litter pollutants - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring release amount of water body litter pollutants Download PDF

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CN112520865B
CN112520865B CN202011293296.2A CN202011293296A CN112520865B CN 112520865 B CN112520865 B CN 112520865B CN 202011293296 A CN202011293296 A CN 202011293296A CN 112520865 B CN112520865 B CN 112520865B
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water
main body
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reactor
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CN112520865A (en
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刘钰
孙永利
黄鹏
田腾飞
赵青
张岳
李鹤男
张玮嘉
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North China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
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    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

A method for measuring the release amount of water body litter pollutants comprises a reactor main body, wherein a sealing top cover is arranged at the top of the reactor main body, a bottom mud placing disc is fixed at the lower part of the reactor main body in a magnetic attraction manner, an inner wall water inlet, an inner wall water outlet, a reactor water inlet and a sample collecting/aerating valve are arranged on the side wall of the reactor main body, a detection unit is movably connected to the inner wall of the reactor main body, a waterproof full spectrum lamp strip is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor main body, and a controller is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reactor main body; the inner wall water inlet and the inner wall water outlet are matched and communicated with a temperature control system; the sample collecting/aerating valve is communicated with a sampling system. The measuring device and the measuring method can quantify the pollutant release amount of the litter, and provide guidance for the management of the litter in and near the water body in the daily maintenance of the water body.

Description

Method and device for measuring release amount of water body litter pollutants
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental detection, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the release amount of a water body litter pollutant.
Background
The urban water environment restoration and improvement is a hot problem in recent years, and greening bank protection and planting various aquatic plants become important means for water environment restoration and water quality maintenance. However, the plants have their own growth cycles, and the plants wither and wither at the end of the cycle, if the plants are not harvested and cleaned in time, the withered and fallen objects of the plants fall to the bottom of the water to be decomposed anaerobically or float on the water surface to be decomposed aerobically, and the withered and fallen objects are decomposed in the water body to release a large amount of pollutants, so that the water body is polluted again. In order to research and measure the release amount of pollutants in water bodies of various aquatic and terrestrial plant litter and provide guidance for water body environment management, it is necessary to develop a measuring method and a measuring device capable of performing simulation experiments on anaerobic decay and aerobic decay.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method and a device for measuring the release amount of water litter pollutants. The method and the device can be used for measuring the release amount of the pollutants of the litter in the water body and provide guidance for the management of the litter in and near the water body in daily maintenance of the water body.
A method for measuring the release amount of the water litter pollutants comprises the following steps:
a. cleaning the studied litter before the experiment, drying in an oven and weighing for later use;
b. selecting sediment at the bottom of the river channel, putting the sediment into a sediment placing disc in the reactor main body, and placing the sediment into the reactor after weighing;
c. b, placing the quantitative litter prepared in the step a in a reactor main body, and downwards turning a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe to a horizontal state;
d. connecting a certain volume of experimental water to a water inlet of the reactor by using a peristaltic pump and pumping the experimental water into the reactor main body; meanwhile, the waterproof full-spectrum lamp strip is started through the controller; at the moment, if the anaerobic reaction is selected, the top cover is covered; if the aerobic reaction is selected, a top cover is not required to be added; if aeration is needed, the aerator is connected with the sample collection/aeration valve for aeration;
e. then, simulating natural conditions, controlling by a controller, adjusting the required reaction temperature by a temperature control system, and adjusting the illumination time by a waterproof full-spectrum lamp strip;
f. collecting output signals of a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe to a controller, monitoring internal environment data of a reactor main body in real time, and exporting the data through a USB (universal serial bus) connector on the controller; the data acquisition of the detection unit is carried out simultaneously with the gas/liquid sample acquisition; when collecting the water sample, adjusting the sample collection/aeration valve to be communicated with the gas collecting pipe; when a gas sample is collected, adjusting a sample collection/aeration valve to be communicated with a water collecting pipe; the sampling needle cylinder is screwed on the sample collection/aeration valve through a threaded interface, and a gas/liquid sample in the reactor main body is accurately and quantitatively extracted through drawing a piston in the sampling needle cylinder and scales on the sampling needle cylinder;
g. selecting whether to supplement water into the reactor according to experimental needs:
if the water replenishing operation is not carried out, the volume of the upper water in the reactor is reduced due to each water intaking, the concentration of pollutants is higher, and the following formula is adopted for checking:
Figure GDA0003802013780000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003802013780000022
the index concentration check value (mg/L), C at the time of the ith sampling i Is the actual detection value (mg/L), V, of the index concentration of the ith sampling 0 Is the volume (L), V, of the water overlying the reactor s For each sampling volume (L), C k The actual detection value (mg/L) of the index concentration of the kth sampling is obtained;
if carry out the moisturizing operation, can be after every sample with the same pure water pump income of reactor water inlet with the sample volume, because moisturizing operation can dilute the upper water concentration in the reactor, can adopt following formula to check actual pollutant concentration:
Figure GDA0003802013780000023
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003802013780000024
the index concentration check value (mg/L), C at the time of the ith sampling i Is the index concentration of the ith sampleActual measurement value (mg/L), V 0 Is the volume (L), V, of the water overlying the reactor s For each sampling volume (L), C k The actual detection value (mg/L) of the index concentration of the k-th sampling is obtained.
The measuring device adopted in the measuring method comprises a reactor main body, wherein a sealing top cover is arranged at the top of the reactor main body, a bottom mud placing disc is fixed at the lower part of the reactor main body in a magnetic absorption manner, an inner wall water inlet, an inner wall water outlet, a reactor water inlet and a sample collecting/aerating valve are arranged on the side wall of the reactor main body, a detecting unit is movably connected on the inner wall of the reactor main body and is fixedly connected with a waterproof full spectrum lamp strip, and a controller is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the reactor main body; the inner wall water inlet and the inner wall water outlet are matched and communicated with a temperature control system; the sample collecting/aerating valve is communicated with a sampling system.
The reactor main body is of a cabinet structure with an opening at the top, and is formed by sleeving and connecting an inner wall and an outer wall which are fixedly connected with each other in a sealing way at the top, wherein the inner wall comprises a transparent heat conduction layer facing the inside of the reactor main body and a transparent heat insulation layer facing the outside of the reactor main body; the outer wall is made of opaque material, and a visible window for observing the inside of the reactor is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the reactor main body.
And, set up a plurality of water distribution holes on the upper portion border of the dish is placed to the bed mud, the upper portion border downside that the dish was placed to the bed mud covers there is the filter screen, and this bed mud is placed the upper portion of dish and is seted up and dodge magnetism and inhale the valve, through the inner wall fixed connection of magnet strip and reactor main part, and the top that the dish was placed to the bed mud is equipped with the handle admittedly.
And the water inlet end of the temperature control system is communicated and fixedly arranged with the water outlet of the inner wall at the top of the reactor main body, the water outlet end of the temperature control system is communicated and fixedly arranged with the water inlet of the inner wall at the bottom of the reactor main body, and the temperature control system comprises a cold and hot water tank and a temperature control pump which are sequentially communicated and arranged from the water outlet of the inner wall to the water inlet of the inner wall.
And the water inlet of the reactor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body, and the gap between the water inlet of the reactor and the side wall of the bottom sediment placing plate can allow experimental water to enter and enter the reactor through the water distribution holes at the edge of the upper part of the bottom sediment placing plate.
And the detection unit comprises a movable rotating frame, the fixed end of the movable rotating frame is fixedly connected with the middle part of the inner wall of the reactor main body, and the movable end of the movable rotating frame is fixedly connected with a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe which are connected with the controller.
And the sampling system comprises a gas collecting pipe, a water collecting pipe and a sampling needle cylinder which are communicated with the collecting/aerating valve, wherein the collecting/aerating valve is a three-way valve, the gas inlet end of the collecting/aerating valve is communicated with the gas collecting pipe, the opening of the gas collecting pipe is vertically upwards arranged and fixedly connected on the inner wall of the reactor main body, the liquid inlet end of the collecting/aerating valve is communicated with the water collecting pipe, the opening of the water collecting pipe is vertically downwards arranged and fixedly connected on the inner wall of the reactor main body, and the sample outlet end of the collecting/aerating valve extends out of the outer wall of the reactor main body and is in threaded connection with the sampling needle cylinder.
The invention has the advantages and technical effects that:
a) The invention controls the temperature of the reactor through the double-layer temperature control inner wall, and particularly can carry out reaction without refrigeration containers such as a refrigerator and the like under the condition that the reaction temperature is lower than the temperature of the external environment; meanwhile, a built-in temperature probe of the reactor can return temperature data to the temperature control equipment in real time, so that the aim of controlling the reactor at constant temperature is fulfilled. b) The initial water inlet mode of the reactor is water distribution from the bottom to the top, thus reducing the washing of the bottom mud caused by the water inlet, avoiding the need of standing the reactor to reduce the influence of the washed and upturned bottom mud on the release of the litter pollutants and shortening the time for the reactor to start working. C) The reactor sample collection/aeration valve can complete gas collection, water sample collection, water supplement and aeration operations on the basis of saving the space of a plurality of openings of the reactor, wherein the water supplement operation can avoid pumping air into the reactor. d) The waterproof lamp belt is designed to provide convenience for observing the inside of the reactor; and when the reactor is converted into the aerobic reactor, day sunlight can be simulated, and experimental conditions are provided for researchers who are inconvenient to carry out outdoor operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring the release amount of a litter in a water body according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the sampling cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the bottom mud arranging plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a bottom mud tray according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of a bottom mud collection pan according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of a bottom mud collection pan according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a visible window of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a partial schematic view of a control panel according to the present invention;
in the figure: 101-a reactor main body, 102-a temperature control system, 103-a sampling system, 1-a water distribution hole, 2-an inner wall, 3-a temperature control pump, 4-a cold and hot water tank, 5-an inner wall water inlet, 6-an inner wall water outlet, 7-a top cover, 8-a bottom mud placing disc, 9-a handle, 10-an upper edge of the bottom mud placing disc, 10-1-a magnet strip, 10-2-an avoiding magnetic suction valve, 11-a reactor water inlet, 12-DO monitoring electrodes, 13-ORP monitoring electrodes, 14-a pH monitoring electrode, 15-a temperature monitoring probe, 16-a waterproof full spectrum lamp strip, 17-an outer wall, 18-a visible window, 19-a sample collection/aeration valve, 20-a gas collecting pipe, 21-a water collecting pipe, 22-a sampling needle cylinder, 23-a controller and 24-a USB interface.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following examples, which are to be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the present embodiment is illustrative, not restrictive, and the scope of the invention should not be limited thereby.
A method for measuring the release amount of the water body litter pollutants comprises the following steps:
a. cleaning the researched litter before experiment, drying in an oven, and weighing for later use;
b. selecting sediment at the bottom of the river channel, putting the sediment into a sediment placing disc in the reactor main body, and placing the sediment into the reactor after weighing;
c. b, placing the quantitative litter prepared in the step a in a reactor main body, and downwards turning a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe to a horizontal state;
d. connecting a certain volume of experimental water to a water inlet of the reactor by using a peristaltic pump and pumping the experimental water into the reactor main body; meanwhile, the waterproof full-spectrum lamp strip is started through the controller; at the moment, if the anaerobic reaction is selected, the top cover is covered; if the aerobic reaction is selected, a top cover is not required to be added; if aeration is needed, the aeration machine is connected with the sample collection/aeration valve for aeration;
e. then, simulating natural conditions, controlling by a controller, adjusting the required reaction temperature by a temperature control system, and adjusting the illumination time by a waterproof full-spectrum lamp strip;
f. collecting output signals of a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe to a controller, monitoring the sewage environment data in the reactor body in real time, and exporting the data through a USB interface 24 on the controller; the data acquisition of the detection unit is carried out simultaneously with the gas/liquid sample acquisition; when a water sample is collected, the sample collection/aeration valve is adjusted to be communicated with the water collecting pipe; when a gas sample is collected, the sample collection/aeration valve is adjusted to be communicated with the gas collecting pipe; the sampling needle cylinder is screwed on the sample collection/aeration valve through a threaded interface, and a gas/liquid sample in the reactor main body is accurately and quantitatively extracted through drawing a piston in the sampling needle cylinder and scales on the sampling needle cylinder;
g. selecting whether to supplement water into the reactor according to experimental needs:
if the water replenishing operation is not carried out, the volume of the upper water in the reactor is reduced due to each water intaking, the concentration of pollutants is higher, and the following formula is adopted for checking:
Figure GDA0003802013780000051
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003802013780000052
the index concentration check value (mg/L), C at the time of the ith sampling i For the ith samplingActual detection value (mg/L), V, of index concentration 0 Is the volume (L), V, of the overlying water in the reactor s For each sampling volume (L), C k The actual detection value (mg/L) of the index concentration of the kth sampling is obtained;
if carry out the moisturizing operation, can be after every sample with the same pure water pump income of reactor water inlet with the sample volume, because moisturizing operation can dilute the upper water concentration in the reactor, can adopt following formula to check actual pollutant concentration:
Figure GDA0003802013780000053
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure GDA0003802013780000054
the index concentration check value (mg/L), C at the time of the ith sampling i Is the actual detection value (mg/L), V, of the index concentration of the ith sampling 0 Is the volume (L), V, of the water overlying the reactor s For each sampling volume (L), C k The actual detection value (mg/L) of the index concentration of the k-th sampling is obtained.
The measuring device adopted in the measuring method comprises a reactor main body 101, wherein a sealing top cover 7 is arranged at the top of the reactor main body, a bottom mud placing disc 8 is fixed at the lower part of the reactor main body in a magnetic attraction manner, an inner wall water inlet 5, an inner wall water outlet 6, a reactor water inlet 11 and a sample collecting/aerating valve 19 are arranged on the side wall of the reactor main body, a detecting unit is movably connected on the inner wall 2 of the reactor main body and is fixedly connected with a waterproof full spectrum lamp strip 16, and a controller 23 is fixedly connected on the outer wall 17 of the reactor main body; a temperature control system 102 is communicated with the inner wall water inlet and the inner wall water outlet in a matching way; the sample collection/aeration valve is in communication with a sampling system 103.
The reactor main body is of a cabinet structure with an opening at the top, and is formed by sleeving and connecting an inner wall and an outer wall which are fixedly connected with each other in a sealing way at the top, wherein the inner wall comprises a transparent heat conduction layer facing the inside of the reactor main body and a transparent heat insulation layer facing the outside of the reactor main body; the outer wall is made of opaque material, and the outer wall of the reactor main body is provided with a visible window 18 for observing the inside of the reactor.
Moreover, a plurality of water distribution holes 1 are arranged on the upper edge 10 of the bottom sediment placing disc, a filter screen is covered on the inner wall of the bottom sediment placing disc, the upper edge 10 of the bottom sediment placing disc and the avoiding magnetic suction valve 10-1 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the reactor main body through a magnet strip 10-2, and a handle 9 is fixedly arranged at the top of the bottom sediment placing disc.
And the water inlet end of the temperature control system is communicated and fixedly arranged with the inner wall water outlet at the top of the reactor main body, the water outlet end of the temperature control system is communicated and fixedly arranged with the inner wall water inlet 5 at the bottom of the reactor main body, and the temperature control system comprises a cold and hot water tank 4 and a temperature control pump 3 which are sequentially communicated and arranged from the inner wall water outlet 6 to the inner wall water inlet 5.
Moreover, the reactor water inlet 11 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body, and a gap between the reactor water inlet 11 and the side wall of the bottom sediment placing plate 8 can allow experimental water to enter and enter the reactor through the water distribution holes 1 at the edge of the upper part of the bottom sediment placing plate.
And the detection unit comprises a movable rotating frame, the fixed end of the movable rotating frame is fixedly connected with the middle part of the inner wall of the reactor main body, and the movable end of the movable rotating frame is fixedly connected with a DO monitoring electrode 12, an ORP monitoring electrode 13, a pH monitoring electrode 14 and a temperature monitoring probe 15 which are connected with the controller.
And, the sampling system includes collecting/aeration valve connected gas collecting pipe 20, water collecting pipe 21 and sampling syringe 22, wherein the collecting/aeration valve is a three-way valve, the gas inlet end of the collecting/aeration valve is connected with the gas collecting pipe with opening vertically upwards and fixedly connected on the inner wall of the reactor main body, the liquid inlet end of the collecting/aeration valve is connected with the water collecting pipe with opening vertically downwards and fixedly connected on the inner wall of the reactor main body, and the sample outlet end of the collecting/aeration valve extends out of the outer wall of the reactor main body and is connected with the sampling syringe by screw thread.
In addition, the invention preferably comprises an avoiding magnet valve 10-1 and a magnet strip 10-2, wherein the magnet strip is coaxially and fixedly arranged inside the inner wall of the reactor main body, the avoiding magnetic attraction valve is fixedly arranged at the top of the bottom sediment placing disc, and the magnet valve and the magnet strip are both mature products in the prior art,
in addition, the present invention preferably includes a movable turret, a temperature control pump, a sample collection/aeration valve, a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode, a temperature monitoring probe, a waterproof full spectrum lamp strip, a controller and a waterproof lamp strip
All adopt mature products in the prior art.
In addition, the following mature products in the prior art are preferably used for the determination of the release amount of the water body litter pollutants in the invention:
a temperature control pump: brand name: ANTHONE model number: LU-920;
sample collection/aeration valve: brand name: xingning hydraulic model: QJH-L25WL;
DO/temperature monitoring electrode: brand name: the hash model: CDC40101;
a pH monitoring electrode: brand name: hash type: PHC10101;
ORP detection electrode: brand name: hash type: MTC10101;
a controller: brand name: yi standard science and technology model: 39a6806.
To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, an example is provided below:
the invention provides a method and a device for measuring the release amount of a water body litter pollutant. As shown in FIG. 1, the assay device performs other functions based on a reactor body having a sealing cap above. The inner wall of the reactor is made of double-layer hollow transparent materials, water at a certain temperature is pumped into the water inlet of the inner wall through the temperature control pump and the cold and hot water tank, and the water is circulated to the water outlet of the inner wall, so that the temperature control in the reactor is realized. The outer wall of the reactor main body is made of light-tight material, so that the influence of illumination on anaerobic reaction is avoided; the outer wall is provided with a visual window (as shown in figure 7) which is convenient for observing the liquid level of the overlying water, the settlement condition of the litter and the color change of the overlying water. Waterproof full-spectrum lamp bands are uniformly distributed on the side wall in the reactor main body, and the lamp bands can be opened for observation after a visible window is opened during anaerobic reaction; when aerobic reaction is carried out, the waterproof full-spectrum lamp band can be set to be opened at regular time, natural illumination is simulated, and the aeration equipment is connected to the sample collection/aeration valve to aerate the overlying water or remove the top cover.
The sample collecting/aerating valve is arranged on the side wall of the reactor main body and is respectively communicated with the water collecting pipe and the gas collecting pipe, and the water collecting pipe or the gas collecting pipe can be independently communicated by controlling the sample collecting/aerating valve; the outer side of the sample collection/exposure valve is provided with an internal thread which can be connected with an external thread above the sampling needle cylinder (as shown in figure 2), and the threaded connection can avoid air inlet caused by accidental slippage and untight sealing during sampling or water replenishing; the sampling needle cylinder is in an injector type, the surface of the sampling needle cylinder is provided with accurate volume scales, and the sampling needle cylinder can be used for collecting overlying water samples, collecting gas samples in the reactor main body, adding nutrient substances or introducing microorganisms after being connected with a sample collecting/aerating valve.
The inside bottom of reactor main part places the dish for the bed mud, and the bed mud is placed the dish and is had following function:
1. placing the bottom mud; 2. transferring bottom mud; 3. anti-blocking water distribution.
A handle is arranged on the bottom mud placing disc, so that the bottom mud placing disc can be placed and taken out conveniently; the bottom mud placing disc can be directly placed on a scale to weigh the bottom mud, so that the bottom mud can be conveniently and quantitatively put in; a cylinder with the diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the reactor main body is arranged below the bottom mud placing disc, the upper edge is in a circular ring shape (as shown in figure 3), and the outer diameter of the upper edge is consistent with the inner diameter of the reactor main body; water distribution holes (as shown in figure 4) are uniformly distributed on the upper edge of the bottom mud placing disc, a replaceable filter screen which is tightly attached is arranged below the upper edge of the bottom mud placing disc, and the filter screen can be replaced through an edge clamping groove; when the experiment is carried out, the experimental water is pushed into the reactor through the water inlet of the reactor and enters the reactor through the water distribution holes with the filter screens, so that the disturbance to the bottom mud is avoided.
The inner wall of the reactor main body is provided with a movable rotating frame which can rotate by 90 degrees, the movable rotating frame is provided with a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe, when the bottom mud placing disc is operated, the DO monitoring electrode, the ORP monitoring electrode, the pH monitoring electrode and the temperature monitoring probe can integrally rotate upwards to be close to the inner wall of the reactor, and an avoiding magnet valve (as shown in figures 5-6) which can rotate up and down is reserved on the bottom mud placing disc, so that collision can be avoided through the electrode, the lamp strip and the like on the inner wall; after the bottom sediment placing disc is installed well, the avoiding magnet valve can be attracted by the magnet strip, and the blockage caused by impurities is avoided. Then the movable special frame can be rotated downwards by 90 degrees, DO, ORP, pH and temperature of the water covered inside the reactor are monitored in real time, and data are returned through the controller; meanwhile, the temperature data returned can trigger the temperature control system of the reactor at any time.
The controller can display and record time and monitored DO, OPR, pH and temperature data in real time, and can carry out data export operation after a mobile storage device is inserted into the USB interface; the controller can monitor and set the reaction temperature and the illumination time length in the reactor.
The invention adopts the mature products and the mature technical means in the prior art.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for measuring the release amount of the water body litter pollutants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. cleaning the researched litter before experiment, drying in an oven, and weighing for later use;
b. selecting sediment at the bottom of the river channel, putting the sediment into a sediment placing disc in the reactor main body, and placing the sediment into the reactor after weighing;
c. b, placing the quantitative litter prepared in the step a on the surface layer of the sediment, and downwards turning a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe to a horizontal state;
d. connecting a certain volume of experimental water to a water inlet of the reactor by using a peristaltic pump and pumping the experimental water into the reactor main body; meanwhile, the waterproof full-spectrum lamp strip is started through the controller; at the moment, if the anaerobic reaction is selected, the top cover is covered; if the aerobic reaction is selected, a top cover is not required to be added; if aeration is needed, the aerator is connected with the sample collection/aeration valve for aeration;
e. then, simulating natural conditions, controlling by a controller, adjusting the required reaction temperature by a temperature control system, and adjusting the illumination time by a waterproof full-spectrum lamp strip;
f. collecting output signals of a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe to a controller, monitoring internal environment data of a reactor main body in real time, and exporting the data through a USB (universal serial bus) connector on the controller; the data acquisition of the detection unit is carried out simultaneously with the gas/liquid sample acquisition; when a water sample is collected, the sample collection/aeration valve is adjusted to be communicated with the water collecting pipe; when a gas sample is collected, the sample collection/aeration valve is adjusted to be communicated with the gas collecting pipe; the sampling needle cylinder is screwed on the sample collection/aeration valve through a threaded interface, and a gas/liquid sample in the reactor main body is accurately and quantitatively extracted through drawing a piston in the sampling needle cylinder and scales on the sampling needle cylinder;
g. selecting whether to supplement water into the reactor according to experimental needs:
if the water replenishing operation is not carried out, the volume of the upper water in the reactor is reduced due to each water intaking, the concentration of pollutants is higher, and the following formula is adopted for checking:
Figure FDA0003812794130000011
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003812794130000012
the index concentration check value in the ith sampling is mg/L; the actual detection value of the index concentration of the ith sampling is mg/L; v 0 Is the volume of water, L, overlying the reactor; v s Volume per sample, L; c k The actual detection value of the index concentration of the kth sampling is mg/L;
if carry out the moisturizing operation, will take a sample the pure water that the volume is the same from the reactor water inlet pump income after every turn, because the moisturizing operation can dilute the reactor in the concentration of the upper water, adopt following formula to check:
Figure FDA0003812794130000021
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
Figure FDA0003812794130000022
the index concentration check value in the ith sampling is mg/L; c i The actual detection value of the index concentration of the ith sampling is mg/L; v 0 Is the volume of water, L, overlying the reactor; v s Volume per sample, L; c k The actual detection value of the index concentration of the kth sampling is mg/L;
the measuring device adopted in the measuring method comprises a reactor main body, wherein a sealing top cover is arranged at the top of the reactor main body, a bottom mud placing disc is fixed at the lower part of the reactor main body in a magnetic absorption manner, an inner wall water inlet, an inner wall water outlet, a reactor water inlet and a sample collecting/aerating valve are arranged on the side wall of the reactor main body, a detecting unit is movably connected on the inner wall of the reactor main body and is fixedly connected with a waterproof full spectrum lamp strip, and a controller is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the reactor main body; the inner wall water inlet and the inner wall water outlet are matched and communicated with a temperature control system; the sample collecting/aerating valve is communicated with a sampling system;
a plurality of water distribution holes are arranged on the upper edge of the bottom mud placing disc, a filter screen is covered on the lower side of the upper edge of the bottom mud placing disc, the upper part of the bottom sediment placing disc is provided with an avoiding magnetic suction valve which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the reactor main body through a magnet strip, and the top of the bottom sediment placing disc is fixedly provided with a handle;
the water inlet of the reactor is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the reactor main body, and the experimental water introduced from the water inlet of the reactor enters the reactor through the water distribution holes at the upper edge of the bottom mud placing disc.
2. The method for measuring the release amount of the water body litter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reactor main body is of a cabinet type structure with an opening at the top, and is formed by sleeving and connecting an inner wall and an outer wall which are fixedly connected with each other in a sealing way at the top, wherein the inner wall comprises a transparent heat conduction layer facing the inside of the reactor main body and a transparent heat insulation layer facing the outside of the reactor main body; the outer wall is made of light-tight material, and a visible window for observing the inside of the reactor is arranged on the outer wall of the lower part of the reactor main body.
3. The method for measuring the release amount of the water body litter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water inlet end of the temperature control system is communicated and fixedly arranged with the water outlet of the inner wall at the top of the reactor main body, the water outlet end of the temperature control system is communicated and fixedly arranged with the water inlet of the inner wall at the bottom of the reactor main body, and the temperature control system comprises a cold and hot water tank and a temperature control pump which are sequentially communicated and arranged from the water outlet of the inner wall to the water inlet of the inner wall.
4. The method for measuring the release amount of the water body litter pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the detection unit comprises a movable rotating frame, the fixed end of the movable rotating frame is fixedly connected with the middle part of the inner wall of the reactor main body, and the movable end of the movable rotating frame is connected with a DO monitoring electrode, an ORP monitoring electrode, a pH monitoring electrode and a temperature monitoring probe which are electrically connected with the controller.
5. The method for measuring the release amount of the water body litter according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sampling system comprises a gas collecting pipe, a water collecting pipe and a sampling needle cylinder which are communicated with a collecting/aerating valve, wherein the collecting/aerating valve is a three-way valve, the gas inlet end of the collecting/aerating valve is communicated with the gas collecting pipe, the opening of the gas collecting pipe is vertically upwards arranged and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor main body, the liquid inlet end of the collecting/aerating valve is communicated with the water collecting pipe, the opening of the water collecting pipe is vertically downwards arranged and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reactor main body, and the sample outlet end of the collecting/aerating valve extends out of the outer wall of the reactor main body and is in threaded connection with the sampling needle cylinder.
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