CN112517904A - 一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1003—Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，钛粉60‑65份、镁粉15‑20份、二硫化钼10‑15份、碳化硅10‑20份、氯化镓3‑11份、菱镁矿粉10‑15份、纳米氮化硅2‑8份、硼化铪1‑6份、酚醛树脂6‑8份、硒化镉6‑7份、助剂12‑16份，其中助剂由亚麻油、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、聚二甲基硅氧烷按照重量比3：5：6组成的。本发明方法制备得到的强韧减磨零件组织致密，微观结构良好，孔隙很少，摩擦系数小，结构刚度、硬度、耐疲劳性能、抗拉强度性能优良，且原料易得、加工成本低，制备工艺简单、参数易控，生产过程安全环保，适合大规模的工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法。
技术背景
减摩材料是一类古老而用途又十分广泛的、机械制造工业中不可缺少的工业用材。减摩材料是用来制造各种耐磨损的滑动轴承、轴瓦、活塞环、滑块、滑板及精密机床导轨等的材料。传统铸造方法和机械加工方法工艺复杂，质量稳定性较差，费料，且无法制备复杂零件。而粉末冶金不受熔炼限制，既可以加入合金成分，也可以加入其它结构组分，并且在相当大的范围内根据要求进行调整，进而在力学性能上能达到与零件匹配的效果。粉末冶金机械化程度高，既能减少人员，又能提高效率，进而节约成本。所以本发明通过优化的原料组合，合理设置配比和生产工艺，设计出一种新的粉末冶金工艺，从而制得强度高、硬度大、耐磨的强韧减磨零件，对延长减磨零件的使用寿命具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的： 一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉70-90份、电解铜粉60-80份、醇酸树脂12-18份、碳化硅陶瓷粉20-30份、氧化锌粉3-5份、石墨4-6份、雾化锡粉3-6份、二硫化钼1.2-1.4份、硼化二钼1.2-1.4份、航空煤油6-10份、氟化钡2-4份、三盐基硫酸铅1-4份、硬酯酸锌2-3份、聚氧乙烯二胺15-20份、微晶蜡4-6份、杨梅蜡2-3份、铝酸醋偶联剂1-4份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯4-9份、莫来石10-15份、氧化铝2.1-2.5份；
步骤2、将上述粉末按重量份称取后，倒入双锥混料机中，混料筒不断回转使物料翻动，物料在混料筒中分散均匀，然后装入零件模具，压制成坯；
步骤3、将压制坯体于氢气氛中进行烧结，烧结温度为1000-1100℃，烧结压力为1-2MPa，保温时间30-45分钟；
步骤4、将烧结得到的材料在保护气氛下加热，碳势0.75-0.85、淬火温度780-840℃、淬火介质为机械油，然后在280-340℃回火2-3小时得热处理后产品；
步骤5、将热处理后产品真空浸油，油温为80℃-100℃，真空气压值为4-10KPa，浸油时间为30-60分钟，取出后经过磨削加工即得强韧减磨零件。
进一步，按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉80份、电解铜粉70份、醇酸树脂15份、碳化硅陶瓷粉25份、氧化锌粉4份、石墨5份、雾化锡粉3-6份、二硫化钼1.3份、硼化二钼1.3份、航空煤油8份、氟化钡3份、三盐基硫酸铅3份、硬酯酸锌2.5份、聚氧乙烯二胺18份、微晶蜡5份、杨梅蜡2.5份、铝酸醋偶联剂3份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯6份、莫来石13份、氧化铝2.3份。
进一步，所述保护气氛为氢气和氮气按体积比为1：1-3组成的混合气体。
进一步，所述压制压力为450-600MPa，在常温下保压15-30s。
进一步，所述真空浸油处理中的油温为80℃-100℃，真空气压值为4-10KPa，浸油时间为30-60分钟。
本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明方法制备得到的强韧减磨零件组织致密，微观结构良好，孔隙很少，摩擦系数小，结构刚度、硬度、耐疲劳性能、抗拉强度性能优良，且原料易得、加工成本低，制备工艺简单、参数易控，生产过程安全环保，适合大规模的工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉70份、电解铜粉60份、醇酸树脂12份、碳化硅陶瓷粉20份、氧化锌粉3份、石墨4份、雾化锡粉3份、二硫化钼1.2份、硼化二钼1.2份、航空煤油6份、氟化钡2份、三盐基硫酸铅1份、硬酯酸锌2份、聚氧乙烯二胺15份、微晶蜡4份、杨梅蜡2份、铝酸醋偶联剂1份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯4份、莫来石10份、氧化铝2.1份；
步骤2、将上述粉末按重量份称取后，倒入双锥混料机中，混料筒不断回转使物料翻动，物料在混料筒中分散均匀，然后装入零件模具，压制成坯，压制压力为450MPa，在常温下保压15s；
步骤3、将压制坯体于氢气氛中进行烧结，烧结温度为1000℃，烧结压力为1MPa，保温时间30分钟；
步骤4、将烧结得到的材料在保护气氛（氢气和氮气按体积比为1：1组成的混合气体）下加热，碳势0.75-0.85、淬火温度780℃、淬火介质为机械油，然后在280℃回火2小时得热处理后产品；
步骤5、将热处理后产品真空浸油，油温为80℃，真空气压值为4KPa，浸油时间为30-60分钟，取出后经过磨削加工即得强韧减磨零件。
实施例2
一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉80份、电解铜粉70份、醇酸树脂15份、碳化硅陶瓷粉25份、氧化锌粉4份、石墨5份、雾化锡粉3-6份、二硫化钼1.3份、硼化二钼1.3份、航空煤油8份、氟化钡3份、三盐基硫酸铅3份、硬酯酸锌2.5份、聚氧乙烯二胺18份、微晶蜡5份、杨梅蜡2.5份、铝酸醋偶联剂3份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯6份、莫来石13份、氧化铝2.3份；
步骤2、将上述粉末按重量份称取后，倒入双锥混料机中，混料筒不断回转使物料翻动，物料在混料筒中分散均匀，然后装入零件模具，压制成坯，压制压力为550MPa，在常温下保压20s；
步骤3、将压制坯体于氢气氛中进行烧结，烧结温度为1050℃，烧结压力为1.5MPa，保温时间40分钟；
步骤4、将烧结得到的材料在保护气氛（氢气和氮气按体积比为1：2组成的混合气体）下加热，碳势0.75-0.85、淬火温度810℃、淬火介质为机械油，然后在310℃回火2.5小时得热处理后产品；
步骤5、将热处理后产品真空浸油，油温为90℃，真空气压值为7KPa，浸油时间为30-60分钟，取出后经过磨削加工即得强韧减磨零件。
实施例3
一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉90份、电解铜粉80份、醇酸树脂18份、碳化硅陶瓷粉30份、氧化锌粉5份、石墨6份、雾化锡粉6份、二硫化钼1.4份、硼化二钼1.4份、航空煤油10份、氟化钡4份、三盐基硫酸铅4份、硬酯酸锌3份、聚氧乙烯二胺20份、微晶蜡6份、杨梅蜡3份、铝酸醋偶联剂4份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯9份、莫来石15份、氧化铝2.5份；
步骤2、将上述粉末按重量份称取后，倒入双锥混料机中，混料筒不断回转使物料翻动，物料在混料筒中分散均匀，然后装入零件模具，压制成坯，压制压力为600MPa，在常温下保压30s；
步骤3、将压制坯体于氢气氛中进行烧结，烧结温度为1100℃，烧结压力为2MPa，保温时间45分钟；
步骤4、将烧结得到的材料在保护气氛（氢气和氮气按体积比为1：3组成的混合气体）下加热，碳势0.75-0.85、淬火温度840℃、淬火介质为机械油，然后在340℃回火3小时得热处理后产品；
步骤5、将热处理后产品真空浸油，油温为100℃，真空气压值为10KPa，浸油时间为60分钟，取出后经过磨削加工即得强韧减磨零件。
Claims (5)
1.一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，其特征在于所述方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉70-90份、电解铜粉60-80份、醇酸树脂12-18份、碳化硅陶瓷粉20-30份、氧化锌粉3-5份、石墨4-6份、雾化锡粉3-6份、二硫化钼1.2-1.4份、硼化二钼1.2-1.4份、航空煤油6-10份、氟化钡2-4份、三盐基硫酸铅1-4份、硬酯酸锌2-3份、聚氧乙烯二胺15-20份、微晶蜡4-6份、杨梅蜡2-3份、铝酸醋偶联剂1-4份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯4-9份、莫来石10-15份、氧化铝2.1-2.5份；
步骤2、将上述粉末按重量份称取后，倒入双锥混料机中，混料筒不断回转使物料翻动，物料在混料筒中分散均匀，然后装入零件模具，压制成坯；
步骤3、将压制坯体于氢气氛中进行烧结，烧结温度为1000-1100℃，烧结压力为1-2MPa，保温时间30-45分钟；
步骤4、将烧结得到的材料在保护气氛下加热，碳势0.75-0.85、淬火温度780-840℃、淬火介质为机械油，然后在280-340℃回火2-3小时得热处理后产品；
步骤5、将热处理后产品真空浸油处理，取出后经过磨削加工即得强韧减磨零件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，其特征在于：按重量份称取如下原料：铁粉80份、电解铜粉70份、醇酸树脂15份、碳化硅陶瓷粉25份、氧化锌粉4份、石墨5份、雾化锡粉3-6份、二硫化钼1.3份、硼化二钼1.3份、航空煤油8份、氟化钡3份、三盐基硫酸铅3份、硬酯酸锌2.5份、聚氧乙烯二胺18份、微晶蜡5份、杨梅蜡2.5份、铝酸醋偶联剂3份、三烯丙基异氰酸酯6份、莫来石13份、氧化铝2.3份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，其特征在于：所述保护气氛为氢气和氮气按体积比为1：1-3组成的混合气体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，其特征在于：所述压制压力为450-600MPa，在常温下保压15-30s。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种强韧减磨零件的制备方法，其特征在于：所述真空浸油处理中的油温为80℃-100℃，真空气压值为4-10KPa，浸油时间为30-60分钟。
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