CN112505762A - Secondary sliding fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving - Google Patents
Secondary sliding fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving. The secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method comprises the following steps: s100, performing graded and segmented explanation on the secondary sliding fracture; s200, optimizing the original seismic data volume, extracting fracture-related attribute bodies, and screening fracture-related advantage attributes; s300, performing fracture secondary explanation based on geological modeling on the basis of fracture related advantage attribute screening. The secondary interpretation method of the secondary sliding fracture solves the problems of high identification and interpretation difficulty, large influence of human factors, high multi-resolution, insufficient interpretation precision and the like of the secondary sliding fracture, breaks through the technical bottleneck of interpretation and evaluation of the secondary sliding fracture, and provides an important basis for exploration and development of fracture-control fracture-cavity oil reservoirs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas exploration, and particularly relates to a secondary sliding fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving.
Background
The slip fracture structure of the carbonate rock is complex under the influence of multi-phase tectonic movement, meanwhile, as the slip fracture distance is small, the seismic reflection intensity of the inner screen of the carbonate rock is weak, and the deep layer carbonate rock slip fracture explanation has great uncertainty, the fracture space distribution characteristic and the inner screen structure are difficult to be finely described by a method at present. Compared with trunk fracture, the carbonate secondary sliding fracture scale is smaller, the seismic reflection characteristic is weaker, and the conventional human-computer interaction mode is difficult to effectively explain.
In order to eliminate the influence of human factors and improve the fracture interpretation precision and efficiency, the invention summarizes a set of secondary sliding fracture interpretation technology which takes seismic data as drive and three-dimensional geological modeling as guidance, can greatly improve the fracture interpretation precision, eliminate human interpretation errors, solve the problem of great difficulty in describing large sliding fractures, and has important significance for guiding deep exploration and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a secondary interpretation method of secondary sliding fracture based on data driving, which solves the problems of high identification and interpretation difficulty, large influence of human factors, strong multi-resolution, insufficient interpretation precision and the like of the secondary sliding fracture, breaks through the technical bottleneck of interpretation and evaluation of the secondary sliding fracture, and provides an important basis for exploration and development of fracture-control fracture-cavity oil reservoirs.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a secondary slide fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving comprises the following steps:
s100, performing graded and segmented explanation on the secondary sliding fracture;
s200, optimizing the original seismic data volume, extracting fracture-related attribute bodies, and screening fracture-related advantage attributes;
s300, performing fracture secondary explanation based on geological modeling on the basis of fracture related advantage attribute screening.
The following is a detailed description of each step:
before modeling, the relevant seismic data information of the target area needs to be fully collected, the technical method has higher requirement on the seismic data, so the seismic data of the target area needs to have higher quality, and the fracture relevant attribute is extracted on the basis of qualified seismic data to carry out relevant work.
And S100, performing graded and segmented explanation on the secondary sliding fracture.
Based on the secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method of the present invention, preferably, S100 specifically includes:
s101, analyzing dynamics, kinematics and geometric mechanisms formed by fracture according to the development mode of the secondary sliding fracture;
s102, establishing a fracture combination mode conforming to the target area on the basis of analyzing the structural evolution law of the target area according to the dynamics, kinematics and geometric mechanism formed by fracture, and constructing a fracture grid of the target area;
and S103, performing property-based, stage-based, grading and segmented closed interpretation on the fracture by using the sliding fracture interpretation thought.
Wherein "properties" are primarily tensile or compressive depending on the nature of the stress; "current" includes, for example, early, middle, late and westernly in Callydong; "grading" means to divide the primary and secondary according to the developmental scale of the fracture, the secondary small-scale fractures are generally difficult to identify; "segmentation" means segmentation according to fracture properties, strength and profile characteristics.
Based on the secondary interpretation method of the secondary slide fracture, the development mode of the secondary slide fracture preferably mainly comprises a positive flower shape, a negative flower shape, a half flower shape, an upright shape and the like.
Based on the secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method, preferably, in the interpretation process, the target area fracture combination is interpreted by combining the sectional manual interpretation and the seismic attribute and taking the root-determining branch interpretation as the principle.
Based on the secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method, preferably, in the interpretation process, the three-dimensional fracture interpretation of the area is carried out according to the characteristics, the period, the grading, the primary and the secondary, the easiness and the difficulty by utilizing the combination of the eigenvalue coherence, the AFE and the multiple attributes of the ant body. "primary and secondary" means that the primary stem breaks first and then the secondary breaks.
S200, optimizing the original seismic data body, extracting fracture-related attribute bodies, and screening fracture-related advantage attributes.
In order to improve fracture identification precision, the method firstly smoothes the structure of an original seismic data body, then performs structure-oriented filtering and dip-oriented filtering, and after the structure smoothing and filtering processing, the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data is obviously enhanced, the clutter reflection interference factor is reduced, and the fracture characteristic is obviously enhanced.
Based on the secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method of the present invention, preferably, in S200, the fracture-related attribute bodies include high-precision coherence, ant body and AFE attributes.
Based on the secondary landing fracture secondary interpretation method of the present invention, preferably, in S200, the process of the optimization processing includes: and after the original seismic data volume is constructed and smoothed, broadband filtering is carried out to enhance fracture characteristics.
Based on the secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method, preferably, in S200, the main fracture is relatively carved by using an obliquity body, and the secondary fracture is carved by using AFE attributes.
S300, performing fracture secondary explanation based on geological modeling on the basis of fracture related advantage attribute screening.
Based on the secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method of the present invention, preferably, S300 specifically includes:
on the basis of depicting and explaining, a geological modeling technology is adopted to respectively establish a main fracture model and a secondary fracture model, breakpoints are repeatedly adjusted according to relevant superiority attributes of the screened fractures, accurate matching of the breakpoints and seismic attributes is carried out, and small fractures are implemented by performing secondary explanation of fracture space, omission checking and filling.
Based on the secondary slide fracture secondary interpretation method of the present invention, preferably, the process of adjusting the breakpoint includes: aiming at each fracture, a three-point or four-point method is respectively adopted, the fracture tendency and the inclination angle are adjusted spatially in the longitudinal direction, and the fracture trend and the extension length are adjusted spatially in the transverse direction, so that a fracture interpretation data body is matched with a fracture attribute data body, the true three-dimensional fracture spatial interpretation is realized, the data driving is taken as a starting point, the secondary fracture interpretation precision is increased, and the reliability of the secondary fracture interpretation is improved.
The secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving mainly comprises three key steps of fracture grading, subsection, closing, fine interpretation, seismic data optimization processing, fracture related attribute data extraction, fracture modeling and breakpoint space adjustment and matching, solves the problems of high difficulty in secondary walking-sliding fracture identification and interpretation, large influence of human factors, high multi-resolution, insufficient interpretation precision and the like, breaks through the technical bottleneck of secondary walking-sliding fracture interpretation and evaluation, and provides important basis for exploration and development of fracture-control fracture-cavity oil reservoirs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the development pattern of the North Taber in the example.
FIG. 2 is a raw seismic section of an exemplary fracture enhancement process.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a structurally smoothed seismic section illustrating a fracture enhancement process in an example.
FIG. 4 is a dip filtered seismic section of an exemplary fracture enhancement process.
FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of AFE fracture attribute characterization slip fracture in an embodiment.
FIG. 5b is a second schematic diagram of AFE fracture attribute characterization walking glide fracture in the example.
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the second interpretation of the secondary fracture before adjustment in the examples.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of the second interpretation of the secondary fracture in the example after adjustment.
FIG. 8a is a schematic view of the second explained overlap of the slip fracture zone and the structure in the example.
FIG. 8b is a second illustration of the second embodiment of the slip-off fracture zone and construction overlay.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below in connection with preferred embodiments. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.
Application example:
the secondary explanation method for the fracture of the typical fracture zone of the Tarim basin is adopted to carry out secondary explanation on the secondary fracture of the typical fracture zone of the Tarim basin, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and performing graded segmentation explanation on the secondary sliding fracture.
Firstly, according to the principles of geometry, dynamics and kinematics formed by fracture, on the basis of analyzing the structural evolution law of the region, a fracture combination mode which accords with the region is established to build a fracture grid of a research region, and the regional fracture distribution and combination law are accurately mastered.
The fracture is finely and sectionally explained by utilizing a gliding fracture explanation thought, multiple methods such as eigenvalue coherence, AFE (automatic edge detection), ant body and the like are combined with means and horizontal section in the explanation process, the three-dimensional region fine fracture explanation is divided into stages, properties and grades, firstly, the processes are dominant and then the processes are subordinate, and the processes are easy to carry out and then difficult to carry out, as shown in figure 1, the carbonate gliding fracture has three fracture modes of positive flowers, negative flowers and vertical flowers, the relative scale of the fracture characteristics of a main stem is large, and the seismic reflection characteristics of secondary fracture are weaker and difficult to accurately explain.
(2) And (4) optimizing the original seismic data body, extracting fracture-related attribute bodies, and screening fracture-related advantage attributes.
Under the influence of multi-stage structure movement, great human factors exist in the research area fracture explanation, and it is difficult to precisely depict fracture space distribution characteristics and inner curtain structures by using a method at present. In order to eliminate the influence of human factors and improve the fracture interpretation precision and efficiency, the invention summarizes a set of technologies which take seismic data as drive, combine in series by multiple attributes and methods and accurately depict the fracture inner curtain structure, can greatly improve the fracture interpretation precision and eliminate the human interpretation errors, and specifically comprises the following steps:
preprocessing seismic data, and enhancing fracture
On the basis of original seismic data, a series of fracture enhancement processing methods are developed to enhance fracture identifiability. Preferably, the more effective methods include structure smoothing, structure guided filtering, tilt guided filtering, and wideband filtering.
As shown in fig. 2-4, where fig. 2 is the original seismic data, after the structural smoothing processing is performed on fig. 3, the signal-to-noise ratio of the processed seismic data is improved, and the fracture characteristics are improved, and fig. 4 is the fracture characteristics are further enhanced and the fracture characteristics are clearer after the dip angle guiding filtering processing is performed.
(ii) fracture basis Attribute optimization
The secondary fracture characterization of the seismic attribute is greatly influenced by data and parameters, the effective method for the secondary fracture characterization comprises high-precision coherence, an ant body and an AFE, the AFE is selected as the dominant attribute for explaining the secondary fracture according to the characteristics of a target area, and the secondary fracture characterization is remarkable in characterization effect.
Fig. 5a and 5b are schematic diagrams of secondary fracture structures etched by the AFE, and the AFE has a good etching effect on the fracture inner curtain structure and reflects fracture longitudinal multi-phase evolution and layered deformation characteristics.
(3) And performing fracture secondary interpretation based on geological modeling on the basis of the fracture related dominant attribute screening.
On the basis of small-scale fracture depiction and explanation, a geological modeling thought is introduced, a main fracture model and a secondary fracture model are established, breakpoints are adjusted repeatedly according to the optimal fracture related advantageous attributes, accurate matching of the breakpoints and seismic attributes is carried out, and small fractures are implemented by means of spatial secondary explanation of fractures, omission and filling.
And for each fracture, referring to different seismic attribute bodies, preferably relatively sensitive identification seismic attribute bodies, and combining the fracture models to perform spatial fracture adjustment.
In the adjustment process, aiming at each fracture, firstly extracting the fracture identification plane graph of each layer system, combining the fracture identification plane distribution characteristics, and adjusting the fracture model at the position where the fracture model is not matched with the seismic identification fracture plane distribution characteristics on the basis of the seismic identification attribute.
The principle of the adjustment is as follows: aiming at the non-coincidence position of the fracture model and the earthquake identification attribute, a three-point or four-point method is adopted to move the control point of the fracture model, so that each control breakpoint of the fracture model can be coincided with the identification attribute on each layer series, and when the span of the thickness between the layer series is large, corresponding interlayer time slices are combined, so that the fracture model can be coincided with the fracture identification attribute in the transverse direction and the fracture identification attribute in the longitudinal direction, and the three-dimensional fracture space interpretation in the true sense is realized.
As shown in the figures 6 and 7, through fracture secondary explanation, the break points are more matched with the seismic attributes, and the fracture lap joint combination relationship is more natural, so that the purpose of eliminating the influence of human explanation factors is achieved.
Through the comparison and analysis before and after adjustment, in the process of explaining the fracture of the artificial section, the fracture position is inevitably influenced by subjective human factors, certain errors exist more or less, particularly secondary fracture, the fracture position cannot be accurately grasped, and the accuracy of explaining the fracture is greatly influenced.
As shown in fig. 8a and 8b, a more accurate fracture spatial combination relationship is established through the above quadratic adjustment interpretation of three-dimensional fracture. The fracture combination mode is clearer and more natural after the fracture secondary interpretation, the fracture position is more accurate, the influence of conventional artificial interpretation is eliminated, and the fracture combination mode is more matched with the structure.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A secondary walking slip fracture secondary interpretation method based on data driving is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, performing graded and segmented explanation on the secondary sliding fracture;
s200, optimizing the original seismic data volume, extracting fracture-related attribute bodies, and screening fracture-related advantage attributes;
s300, performing fracture secondary explanation based on geological modeling on the basis of fracture related advantage attribute screening.
2. The secondary walking skid fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 1, wherein S100 specifically comprises:
s101, analyzing dynamics, kinematics and geometric mechanisms formed by fracture according to the development mode of the secondary sliding fracture;
s102, establishing a fracture combination mode conforming to the target area on the basis of analyzing the structural evolution law of the target area according to the dynamics, kinematics and geometric mechanism formed by fracture, and constructing a fracture grid of the target area;
and S103, performing property-based, stage-based, grading and segmented closed interpretation on the fracture by using the sliding fracture interpretation thought.
3. The secondary progressive fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 2, wherein the developmental patterns of the secondary progressive fracture include positive flower, negative flower, half flower, and erect types.
4. The secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 2, wherein in the interpretation process, the target area fracture combination is interpreted by combining section manual interpretation and seismic attributes and taking fixed-root branch interpretation as a principle.
5. The secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the interpretation process, the eigenvalue coherence, the AFE and the ant body multi-attribute combination are utilized, and the three-dimensional fracture interpretation is carried out according to properties, stages, grades, sections, primary-secondary, primary-secondary-primary-secondary, and easy-secondary-difficult.
6. The secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 1, wherein in S200, the fracture-related attribute body comprises high-precision coherence, ant body and AFE attribute.
7. The secondary walking skid fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 6, wherein in S200, the process of the optimization process comprises: and after the original seismic data volume is constructed and smoothed, broadband filtering is carried out to enhance fracture characteristics.
8. The secondary walking-sliding fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 7, wherein in S200, the primary fracture is plotted using the obliquity body coherence, and the secondary fracture is plotted using the AFE attribute.
9. The secondary walking skid fracture secondary interpretation method of claim 1, wherein S300 specifically comprises:
on the basis of depicting and explaining, a geological modeling technology is adopted to respectively establish a main fracture model and a secondary fracture model, breakpoints are repeatedly adjusted according to relevant superiority attributes of the screened fractures, accurate matching of the breakpoints and seismic attributes is carried out, and small fractures are implemented by performing secondary explanation of fracture space, omission checking and filling.
10. The secondary landing stage secondary interpretation method of claim 9, wherein the process of adjusting the breakpoint comprises: and aiming at each fracture, respectively adopting a three-point or four-point method to carry out spatial adjustment on fracture tendency and inclination angle in the longitudinal direction and spatial adjustment on fracture trend and extension length in the transverse direction, so that the fracture interpretation data volume is matched with the fracture attribute data volume.
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