CN112505424A - System and method for evaluating impact impedance distortion rate of vertical grounding electrode - Google Patents
System and method for evaluating impact impedance distortion rate of vertical grounding electrode Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
- G01R27/205—Measuring contact resistance of connections, e.g. of earth connections
Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode, wherein the system comprises a host, a wireless signal transmission module, a data processing and control module, an impact voltage generation module, a Hall voltage sensor and a power supply module; the host sends out a trigger signal, the wireless signal transmission module and the data processing and control module transmit signals, and the impulse voltage generation module sends out impulse voltage; the Hall voltage sensor collects the refraction and reflection voltage and transmits the refraction and reflection voltage to the data processing and control module; and the data processing and control module calculates the impact impedance and the impact impedance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode and sends the impact impedance and the impact impedance distortion factor to the host for evaluating the vertical grounding electrode. The method comprises the step of sending impulse voltage U to the tower top of the tower through an impulse voltage generation moduleiHall voltage sensor for collecting catadioptric voltage UoThe data processing and control module calculates the impact impedance Z of the vertical grounding electrodemAnd the impact impedance distortion factor eta, and the host machine evaluates the vertical grounding electrode of the pole tower according to the eta.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, in particular to a system and a method for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode.
Background
Accidents caused by lightning striking the transmission line in severe weather frequently occur. When lightning directly strikes a tower or an overhead ground wire of a line, lightning current flows to the ground through the tower and a vertical grounding electrode, and due to the fact that impulse impedance exists between the tower and the vertical grounding electrode, the lightning current can generate voltage drop on the impedance, and the impulse impedance of the vertical grounding electrode directly influences the lightning protection level of a power transmission line; and the impact resistance of the vertical grounding electrode can generate distortion in the working process, and the lightning protection level of the power transmission line can be influenced when the distortion degree is serious, so that the operation safety of the power transmission line is influenced. In the prior art, the impact resistance of the grounding electrode is only measured or calculated, and the evaluation of the impact resistance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode is not involved; and the measuring method of the impact impedance comprises the following steps: the power frequency grounding resistance of the tower grounding device is measured and then multiplied by the impact coefficient to obtain the impact grounding resistance, the method is used for solving by an indirect means, and the reliability of the result is poor; the three-pole method in the traditional ground resistance measurement is utilized to measure the impact ground impedance, but the three-pole method is derived from the rule of ground surface potential distribution in uniform soil, and when the soil structure is not uniform, the measurement result has errors. In order to accurately measure whether the impact impedance of the vertical grounding electrode under the complex soil working condition is distorted or not and the distortion degree, an intelligent evaluation system and an intelligent evaluation method are urgently needed.
Chinese patent application CN101650389A published in 2010, 2 months and 17 days provides a method and an instrument for measuring impulse grounding resistance of a power transmission line tower. The method comprises the steps that an impact current generator generates incident current to be injected into the ground, a data acquisition device acquires voltage and current of a tower grounding body, an MCU control board is used for processing and linearly amplifying the acquired data, voltage response of the grounding body under the action of standard lightning current is solved, equivalent voltage um and current peak value im are obtained, and finally, the tower impact grounding resistance is obtained according to a formula Rch (um/im). According to the method, an impulse current generator generates incident current to be injected into the ground, a data acquisition device acquires voltage and current of a tower grounding body, and then the voltage and the current are linearly amplified to calculate impulse grounding resistance. The current injection mode of the method is not consistent with the actual situation, the acquired voltage and current numerical values have no reference, errors are increased again through the linear amplification process, the finally obtained impulse grounding resistance is poor in reliability, and the vertical grounding electrode impulse resistance distortion rate is not evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode, aiming at overcoming the defect that the impact impedance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode is not evaluated in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a system for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode, which comprises a host, a wireless signal transmission module, a data processing and control module, an impact voltage generation module, a Hall voltage sensor and a power supply module, wherein the host is connected with the wireless signal transmission module;
the host sends a trigger signal, the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module sends a trigger instruction to the impulse voltage generation module, and the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage to the tower top after receiving the trigger instruction;
the Hall voltage sensor is used for collecting the catadioptric voltage of a vertical grounding electrode of a tower to the impulse voltage and transmitting the catadioptric voltage to the data processing and control module; the data processing and control module calculates the impact impedance and the impact impedance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact voltage, the catadioptric voltage, tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower, and sends the impact impedance distortion factor to the host through the wireless signal transmission module; the host machine evaluates the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact impedance distortion factor;
the power supply module supplies power to the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module, the impulse voltage generation module and the Hall voltage sensor.
Preferably, the surge voltage generation module comprises a surge voltage generator, a power cable and a generation contact; the input end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with the data processing and control module, the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with the generating contact through the power cable, and the generating contact is arranged on the top of the tower.
Preferably, the surge voltage generator is a standard lightning wave surge voltage generator.
Preferably, the power module comprises a solar panel and a storage battery pack, the solar panel charges the storage battery pack, and the storage battery pack supplies power to the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module, the impulse voltage generation module and the hall voltage sensor.
The invention also provides a method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage U to the tower topi：
The host sends out a trigger signal, and the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module; the data processing and control module sends a trigger instruction to the impulse voltage generation module, and the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage U to the tower top of the tower after receiving the trigger instructioni；
S2: hall voltage sensor collects catadioptric voltage Uo: impulse voltage U of vertical earth pole pair S1 of toweriMake a discountEmitting and generating catadioptric voltage UoThe Hall voltage sensor collects the catadioptric voltage Uo；
S3: calculating impact impedance Z of tower vertical grounding electrodem: the data processing and control module is based on the impulse voltage UiVoltage U of refraction and reflectionoCalculating impact impedance Z of tower vertical grounding electrode according to tower building parametersm；
S4: calculating the impact impedance distortion factor eta of the vertical grounding pole of the tower: the data processing and control module is used for processing the impulse impedance Z of the pole tower vertical grounding electrode according to the S3mCalculating the impact impedance distortion factor eta of the tower vertical grounding electrode according to the tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower;
s5: and the host machine evaluates the pole tower vertical grounding electrode according to the S4 impact impedance distortion factor eta.
Preferably, in S3, the tower construction parameter includes tower top radius r1Radius r in tower2Radius of tower footing r3Height h of foundation into tower1Height h from the middle to the top of the column2Height H of tower, total length l of vertical grounding electrode, depth H of vertical grounding electrodedThe equivalent diameter d of the vertical ground electrode.
Preferably, in S3, the impact impedance Zm of the tower vertical grounding pole is calculated by the following formula:
wherein r is1Denotes the radius of the column top, r2Denotes the radius in the column, r3Denotes the radius of the column foot, h1Denotes the height of the foundation into the column, h2Height from the tower to the tower top, H height of the tower, UiRepresenting the surge voltage, UoRepresenting the catadioptric voltage.
Preferably, in S4, the soil parameters of the position where the tower is located include: first soil resistivity ρ1Second soil resistivity ρ2。
Preferably, in S4, the impulse impedance distortion factor η of the tower vertical grounding pole is calculated by the following formula:
where ρ is1Representing a first soil resistivity, p2Representing the second soil resistivity, l representing the total length of the vertical earth electrode, HdDenotes the depth of the vertical ground electrode, d denotes the equivalent diameter of the vertical ground electrode, and C denotes a formal correction factor.
Preferably, in S5, the evaluating method specifically includes:
when eta belongs to (0, 1), the distortion degree of the vertical grounding electrode of the tower is normal;
when eta belongs to (1, infinity), the distortion degree of the tower vertical grounding pole is serious, and the larger the eta value is, the more serious the distortion degree is, and the tower vertical grounding pole needs to be replaced.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system sends a trigger signal through the host, the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module sends a trigger instruction to the impulse voltage generation module, and the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage to the tower; the Hall voltage sensor collects the catadioptric voltage of the vertical grounding electrode of the tower to the impulse voltage and transmits the catadioptric voltage to the data processing and control module; the data processing and control module calculates the impact impedance and the impact impedance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode and sends the impact impedance distortion factor to the host; and the host machine evaluates the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact impedance distortion factor. The method not only calculates the impact impedance of the vertical grounding electrode, but also evaluates the distortion degree of the vertical grounding electrode by calculating the impact impedance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode, and the obtained result has high reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a vertical earth electrode impact resistance distortion rate evaluation system according to embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode according to embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a system for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprises a host, a wireless signal transmission module, a data processing and control module, an impact voltage generation module, a hall voltage sensor and a power supply module;
the host sends a trigger signal, the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module sends a trigger instruction to the impulse voltage generation module, and the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage to the tower top after receiving the trigger instruction;
the Hall voltage sensor is arranged on a tower lightning conductor, and the lightning conductor is connected with a vertical grounding electrode; the Hall voltage sensor is used for collecting the catadioptric voltage of a vertical grounding electrode of a tower to the impulse voltage and transmitting the catadioptric voltage to the data processing and control module; the data processing and control module calculates the impact impedance and the impact impedance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact voltage, the catadioptric voltage, tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower, and sends the impact impedance distortion factor to the host through the wireless signal transmission module; the host machine evaluates the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact impedance distortion factor;
the power supply module supplies power to the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module, the impulse voltage generation module and the Hall voltage sensor.
The impulse voltage generating module comprises an impulse voltage generator, a power cable and a generating contact; the input end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with the data processing and control module, the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with the generating contact through the power cable, and the generating contact is arranged on the top of the tower.
The surge voltage generator is a standard lightning wave surge voltage generator and is used for emitting standard lightning waves.
The power module comprises a solar panel and a storage battery pack, the solar panel charges the storage battery pack, and the storage battery pack supplies power to the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module, the impulse voltage generation module and the Hall voltage sensor.
The method not only calculates the impact resistance value of the vertical grounding electrode, but also calculates the impact resistance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode, accurately and visually reflects the distortion degree of the vertical grounding electrode, and provides guidance for whether to replace the vertical grounding electrode; the standard lightning wave impulse voltage generator enables evaluation to be closer to the actual situation, and the reliability of results is improved; the power supply module of the solar panel and the storage battery pack is selected, solar energy is converted into electric energy to supply power to the system, and energy is saved; the main operation and control are completed by the host, when the tower is faced with different soil working conditions or different building parameters, the tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower are transmitted to the data processing and control module through the host, so that the calculation can be completed, and the universality of the system is improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode, as shown in fig. 2, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage U to the tower topi：
The host sends out a trigger signal, and the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module; the data processing and control moduleSending a trigger instruction to an impulse voltage generation module, wherein the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage U to the tower after receiving the trigger instructioni；
S2: hall voltage sensor collects catadioptric voltage Uo: impulse voltage U of vertical earth pole pair S1 of toweriMake refraction and reflection to generate refraction and reflection voltage UoThe Hall voltage sensor collects the catadioptric voltage Uo；
S3: calculating impact impedance Z of tower vertical grounding electrodem: the data processing and control module is based on the impulse voltage UiVoltage U of refraction and reflectionoCalculating impact impedance Z of tower vertical grounding electrode according to tower building parametersm；
S4: calculating the impact impedance distortion factor eta of the vertical grounding pole of the tower: the data processing and control module is used for processing the impulse impedance Z of the pole tower vertical grounding electrode according to the S3mCalculating the impact impedance distortion factor eta of the tower vertical grounding electrode according to the tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower;
s5: and the host machine evaluates the pole tower vertical grounding electrode according to the S4 impact impedance distortion factor eta.
In S3, the tower construction parameters comprise tower top radius r1Radius r in tower2Radius of tower footing r3Height h of foundation into tower1Height h from the middle to the top of the column2Height H of tower, total length l of vertical grounding electrode, depth H of vertical grounding electrodedThe equivalent diameter d of the vertical ground electrode.
In the step S3, the impact impedance Zm of the tower vertical grounding electrode is calculated by the following formula:
wherein r is1Denotes the radius of the column top, r2Denotes the radius in the column, r3Denotes the radius of the column foot, h1Denotes the height of the foundation into the column, h2Height from the tower to the tower top, H height of the tower, UiRepresenting the surge voltage, UoRepresenting the catadioptric voltage.
In S4, the soil parameters of the position where the tower is located include: first soil resistivity ρ1Second soil resistivity ρ2。
In S4, the impulse impedance distortion factor η of the tower vertical grounding pole is calculated by the following formula:
where ρ is1Representing a first soil resistivity, p2Representing the second soil resistivity, l representing the total length of the vertical earth electrode, HdDenotes the depth of the vertical ground electrode, d denotes the equivalent diameter of the vertical ground electrode, and C denotes a formal correction factor.
In S5, the evaluating method specifically includes:
when eta belongs to (0, 1), the distortion degree of the vertical grounding electrode of the tower is normal;
when eta belongs to (1, infinity), the distortion degree of the tower vertical grounding pole is serious, and the larger the eta value is, the more serious the distortion degree is, and the tower vertical grounding pole needs to be replaced.
The method not only calculates the impact resistance value of the vertical grounding electrode, but also calculates the impact resistance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode, accurately and visually reflects the distortion degree of the vertical grounding electrode, and provides guidance for whether to replace the vertical grounding electrode; and when the impact resistance distortion factor is calculated, the soil working condition that the position of the vertical grounding electrode is complex is considered, the influence of the soil resistivity on the impact resistance distortion factor is reduced, and the error is reduced.
The same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A vertical grounding electrode impact impedance distortion rate evaluating system is characterized by comprising a host, a wireless signal transmission module, a data processing and control module, an impact voltage generating module, a Hall voltage sensor and a power supply module;
the host sends a trigger signal, the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module sends a trigger instruction to the impulse voltage generation module, and the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage to the tower top after receiving the trigger instruction;
the Hall voltage sensor is used for collecting the catadioptric voltage of a vertical grounding electrode of a tower to the impulse voltage and transmitting the catadioptric voltage to the data processing and control module; the data processing and control module calculates the impact impedance and the impact impedance distortion factor of the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact voltage, the catadioptric voltage, tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower, and sends the impact impedance distortion factor to the host through the wireless signal transmission module; the host machine evaluates the vertical grounding electrode according to the impact impedance distortion factor;
the power supply module supplies power to the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module, the impulse voltage generation module and the Hall voltage sensor.
2. The system for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode according to claim 1, wherein the impact voltage generation module comprises an impact voltage generator, a power cable and a generation contact; the input end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with the data processing and control module, the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected with the generating contact through the power cable, and the generating contact is arranged on the top of the tower.
3. The system for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode according to claim 2, wherein the surge voltage generator is a standard lightning wave surge voltage generator.
4. The system for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode according to claim 3, wherein the power supply module comprises a solar panel and a storage battery pack, the solar panel charges the storage battery pack, and the storage battery pack supplies power to the wireless signal transmission module, the data processing and control module, the impact voltage generation module and the Hall voltage sensor.
5. A method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage U to the tower topi：
The host sends out a trigger signal, and the trigger signal is transmitted to the data processing and control module through the wireless signal transmission module; the data processing and control module sends a trigger instruction to the impulse voltage generation module, and the impulse voltage generation module sends impulse voltage U to the tower top of the tower after receiving the trigger instructioni；
S2: hall voltage sensor collects catadioptric voltage Uo: impulse voltage U of vertical earth pole pair S1 of toweriMake refraction and reflection to generate refraction and reflection voltage UoThe Hall voltage sensor collects the catadioptric voltage Uo；
S3: calculating impact impedance Z of tower vertical grounding electrodem: the data processing and control module is based on the impulse voltage UiVoltage U of refraction and reflectionoCalculating impact impedance Z of tower vertical grounding electrode according to tower building parametersm；
S4: calculating impact impedance of tower vertical grounding electrodeDistortion factor η: the data processing and control module is used for processing the impulse impedance Z of the pole tower vertical grounding electrode according to the S3mCalculating the impact impedance distortion factor eta of the tower vertical grounding electrode according to the tower building parameters and the soil parameters of the position of the tower;
s5: and the host machine evaluates the pole tower vertical grounding electrode according to the S4 impact impedance distortion factor eta.
6. The method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode as claimed in claim 5, wherein in S3, the tower construction parameters comprise tower top radius r1Radius r in tower2Radius of tower footing r3Height h of foundation into tower1Height h from the middle to the top of the column2Height H of tower, total length l of vertical grounding electrode, depth H of vertical grounding electrodedThe equivalent diameter d of the vertical ground electrode.
7. The method for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode of claim 6, wherein in the step S3, the impact impedance Zm of the vertical grounding electrode of the tower is calculated by the following formula:
wherein r is1Denotes the radius of the column top, r2Denotes the radius in the column, r3Denotes the radius of the column foot, h1Denotes the height of the foundation into the column, h2Height from the tower to the tower top, H height of the tower, UiRepresenting the surge voltage, UoRepresenting the catadioptric voltage.
8. The method for evaluating the impact impedance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode of claim 7, wherein in the step S4, the soil parameters of the position where the tower is located include: first soil resistivity ρ1Second soil resistivity ρ2。
9. The method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of the vertical grounding electrode according to claim 8, wherein in S4, the impact resistance distortion factor η of the tower vertical grounding electrode is calculated by the following formula:
where ρ is1Representing a first soil resistivity, p2Representing the second soil resistivity, l representing the total length of the vertical earth electrode, HdDenotes the depth of the vertical ground electrode, d denotes the equivalent diameter of the vertical ground electrode, and C denotes a formal correction factor.
10. The method for evaluating the impact resistance distortion rate of a vertical grounding electrode according to claim 9, wherein in the step S5, the evaluating method specifically comprises the following steps:
when eta belongs to (0, 1), the distortion degree of the vertical grounding electrode of the tower is normal;
when eta belongs to (1, infinity), the distortion degree of the tower vertical grounding pole is serious, and the larger the eta value is, the more serious the distortion degree is, and the tower vertical grounding pole needs to be replaced.
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|---|
| BOTANG 等: "Fitting algorithm of transmission tower grounding resistance in vertically layered soil models", 《ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH》 * |
| 詹清华 等: "柔性石墨接地体典型杆塔接地应用研究", 《电瓷避雷器》 * |
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| CN112505424B (en) | 2022-01-11 |
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