CN108152597A - A kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device and method based on relative to ground resistance - Google Patents
A kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device and method based on relative to ground resistance Download PDFInfo
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- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic devices and method based on relative to ground resistance, belong to power transmission and transforming equipment operation and administrative skill field.This method comprises the following steps：S1：Design earthing pole and the relative to ground resistance for calculating earthing pole；S2：According to the diagnostic method of different soil resistivity selection earthing pole etch states；S3：Corrosion diagnosis criterion based on relative to ground resistance is selected according to soil resistivity；S4：Design and measure the ground resistance of earthing pole；S5：Design and measure the soil resistivity of the soil residing for earthing pole.Design method of the present invention eliminates influence of the soil resistivity to earthing pole etch state diagnostic result, and realizes the classification to earthing pole etch state, further improves the accuracy of earthing pole etch state diagnostic result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power transmission and transforming equipment operations and administrative skill field, are related to a kind of ground connection based on relative to ground resistance
Pole etch state diagnostic device and method.
Background technology
Earthing pole directly determines transmission line of electricity as the necessary equipment for ensureing transmission line of electricity normal operation, state quality
Power supply reliability.Tower grounding pole running environment is severe, corrosion-vulnerable, influences the diffusing performance of earthing pole, increases circuit thunder
Hit trip-out rate.Therefore the quality of polarity of ground energy directly affects the power supply reliability of transmission line of electricity, there is the operation of power grid to pass
Important role.
Lead in engineering mainly using the measured value of pole tower ground resistance as the index for judging earthing or grounding means performance quality at present
The methods of crossing three electrode method measures grounding resistance, and is compared with state network mark standard, when grounding resistance is more than given standard
When, earthing pole is replaced.What grounding resistance fundamentally reflected is the diffusing performance of earthing pole and its Soil Surrounding,
The quality of diffusing performance is easily influenced by ambient soil resistivity, and soil resistivity is changed greatly with the change of weather, no
The variation that same time measures grounding resistance can not directly reflect the change of earthing pole etch state.And it is examined using grounding resistance
The diagnostic result of disconnecting earth polar etch state is excessively single, it is impossible to realize the stage differentiation to earthing pole difference extent of corrosion.Cause
This, judges that earthing pole etch state is easy to cause erroneous judgement and unnecessary engineering is worked using grounding resistance.
In conclusion by ground resistance measured value diagnose earthing pole etch state method there is deficiencies, show as：
It is easily influenced to cause diagnostic result inaccurate by soil resistivity, it is excessively single to the classification of etch state.
Invention content
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnosis based on relative to ground resistance
Device and method realizes the Accurate Diagnosis to earthing pole etch state, and eliminates soil resistivity to earthing pole condition diagnosing
It influences, and refines the classification to earthing pole etch state.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device based on relative to ground resistance, the device include, excitation source module, letter
Number acquisition module, signal pre-processing module, central processing module and display module；
The excitation source module passes through tower grounding pole, electric current pole and excitation source module to tower grounding pole Injection Current
Forming circuit；The output terminal of excitation source module is connect with central processing module；The input terminal of signal acquisition module connects with voltage pole
Connect, the input terminal of the output terminal of signal acquisition module and signal pre-processing module connects, the output terminal of signal pre-processing module with
The output terminal of the input terminal connection of central processing module, display module and central processing module connects.
Further, the quantity of the electrode is 4, respectively earthing pole G, voltage pole P1, voltage pole P2 and electric current pole C.
Further, the earthing pole G, voltage pole P1, voltage pole P2 and electric current pole C be inserted into ground depth is consistent and spacing
It is equal.
A kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance, this method comprise the following steps：
S1：Design earthing pole and the relative to ground resistance for calculating earthing pole；
S2：According to the diagnostic method of different soil resistivity selection earthing pole etch states；
S3：Corrosion diagnosis criterion based on relative to ground resistance is selected according to soil resistivity；
S4：Design and measure the ground resistance of earthing pole；
S5：Design and measure the soil resistivity of the soil residing for earthing pole.
Further, step S1 is specially：
S11：Selected earthing pole system of laying, earthing pole effective length, the depth of burying, earthing pole initially bury the item of diameter
Under part, the ground resistance of horizontal grounding pole is calculated；
S12：The ground resistance of earthing pole after corrosion is divided into non-corrosion part and erodable section, after calculating corrosion
Relative to ground resistance,
R=R1+R2
Wherein R be corrosion after relative to ground resistance, R1For the ground resistance of non-corrosion part, R2For connecing for erodable section
Ground resistance.
Further, step S2 is specially：
S21：Analyze the Error Diagnostics of diagnostic method under different soils resistivity；
S22：According to Error Diagnostics, the optimal reference soil resistivity under choosing between different soils resistivity zone.
Further, step S3 is specially：
S31：Under the premise of the reference soil resistivity of selection, calculate and shape is corroded based on the earthing pole under reference resistance rate
State diagnosis criterion；
S32：Relative to ground resistance calculations scheme under obtaining between different soils resistivity zone.
Further, step S4 is specially：
S41：G points earthing pole being arranged in the earth, and by lead-out wire connection ammeter one end, ammeter it is another
End is connected to one end of test power supply and one end of voltmeter, and the other end for testing power supply is connected to the C points of the earth, in voltmeter
The other end be connected to the P points of the earth；
S42：The equivalent ground resistance of earthing pole and the ground resistance of hemispherical earthing pole are calculated,
Wherein, R0For the ground resistance of equivalent hemispherical earthing pole, R is the ground resistance of helical ground pole, and γ is soil
Earth conductivity, r0For the radius of equivalent hemispherical earthing pole, DPGFor the distance between earth point P and earth point G, DCGFor earth point
The distance between C and earth point G, DCPFor the distance between earth point C and earth point P；
It is assumed that the equivalent ground resistance of earthing pole and the ground resistance of hemispherical earthing pole are equal, i.e. Δ R=R-R0=0
If DPG=kDCG, wherein, k DPGWith DCGBetween multiple proportion, then
S43：According to calculated DPGWith DCGBetween multiple proportion arrangement measuring circuit, and meter calculate earthing pole
Ground resistance.
Further, step S5 is specially：
S51：Four electrodes of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device are squeezed into designated position；
S52：Starter measures the resistance value between two electrodes；
S53：By the resistivity of resistance Conversion Calculation soil,
The π aR of ρ=2
Wherein ρ is soil resistivity, and a is the distance between electrode, and R is measured resistance value.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：What design method of the present invention designed judges to be grounded by relative to ground resistance
The method of pole etch state can effectively eliminate the influence that soil resistivity diagnoses earthing pole etch state, and realize
Refinement to the classification of earthing pole etch state, it is higher accurate compared to judging that earthing pole etch state has using ground resistance
Property, preferable directive function is provided to the maintenance work of earthing pole in engineering.
Description of the drawings
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect clearer, the present invention provides drawings described below and carries out
Explanation：
Fig. 1 is the horizontal grounding pole complexion schematic diagram that the present invention designs；
Fig. 2 is the horizontal grounding pole model schematic containing corrosion product that the present invention designs；
Fig. 3 is the diagnostic method error relationship figure under the Ω m of soil resistivity ρ≤100 that the present invention designs；
Fig. 4 is the diagnostic method error relationship under the Ω m of 100 Ω m ＜ ρ of soil resistivity≤500 that the present invention designs
Figure；
Fig. 5 is three electrode method cloth pole figure used by measurement of Grounding Resistance；
Fig. 6 is to measure four-electrode method cloth pole figure used by soil resistivity；
Fig. 7 is the earthing pole etch state diagnostic device structure chart based on relative to ground resistance.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
First, the design of the earthing pole etch state diagnostic device based on relative to ground resistance
Earthing pole etch state diagnostic device based on relative to ground resistance is by field measurement apparatus and central processing module
Two parts form, and measuring system is as shown in Figure 7.Wherein field measurement apparatus includes：Encourage source module, signal acquisition circuit mould
Block, central processing module, LCD MODULE, power circuit, field measurement apparatus mainly complete data signal acquisition, live bar
The calculating of soil resistivity and polar region resistance and display, the relative to ground calculating of resistance and display, earthing pole etch state at tower
The judgement and display of diagnostic result.
During device is inputted the voltage of acquisition, current signal through amplifying, filtering, after conversion process by signal acquisition module
Processing module (microcontroller) is entreated to calculate tested soil resistivity and pole tower ground resistance value, and converts and obtains relative to ground resistance
Value, so as to obtain the etch state of earthing pole.
2nd, the earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance
As shown in Figure 1, it is the equal of ρ that the horizontal round steel earthing pole of a length of l, buried depth h, a diameter of d, which are embedded in soil resistivity,
In even soil, when not corroding, the calculated value of ground resistance is：
After earth polar is corroded, resistance can be divided into two parts：Metallic ground pole without corrosion product, resistance value are
R1；It is attached to the corrosion product of ground connection pole surface, resistance value R2, as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, R1It can be acquired by formula (1)；R2
It can be acquired by the law of resistance：
Accordingly, it is considered to the earthing pole resistance value of corrosion product can be calculated by following formula：
It enablesThen formula (3) can abbreviation be：
R=k ρ+b (4)
For determining shaft tower, the current etch state of earthing pole is to determine that k, b are definite value, ground resistance
Measured value is in a linear relationship with soil resistivity, and increases with the increase of soil resistivity, selects soil resistivity as ρrWhen
The diagnostic criteria corroded as earthing pole of ground resistance standard.
Define relative to ground resistance Rr=k ρr+ b is then ρ when measuring soil resistivitymWhen, relative to ground resistance value can lead to
Following formula is crossed to be calculated：
Rr=k (ρr-ρm)+kρm+ b=k (ρr-ρm)+Rm (5)
Known soil resistivity is ρrWhen grounding resistance and earthing pole etch state between correspondence when, pass through meter
Calculate relative to ground resistance value RrAnd it is compareed with corresponding diagnosis criterion, you can realize the diagnosis to earthing pole etch state,
And eliminate interference of the soil resistivity to diagnostic result.
1) with reference to the selection of soil resistivity
According to《The grounding design specification of GB T50065-2011 alternating-current electric devices》And to electric resistance of soil in grounding design
The criteria for classifying in rate section it is found that earthing pole initial diameter d=0.04m, soil resistivity ρ≤100 Ω m when, earthing pole has
Imitate length l=20m, buried depth h=0.8m；During 100 Ω m ＜ ρ of soil resistivity≤500 Ω m, earthing pole effective length l=
40m, buried depth h=0.7m.During due to soil resistivity ρ 500 Ω m of ＞, the design of earthing or grounding means can take corresponding drop resistance to arrange
It applies, therefore this method mainly studies the corrosion diagnosis method under the Ω m of ρ≤500.
Since the design parameter of horizontal grounding pole under two kinds of soil resistivity sections is different, it is therefore desirable to choose respectively different
Reference soil resistivity under soil resistivity section.The Ω m and 120 Ω m≤ρ of 10 Ω m≤ρ of soil resistivity≤100
During≤480 Ω m, earthing pole difference etch state (effective diameter 0.005m≤d≤0.035m, step delta d=0.005m) is examined
The error of disconnected method is as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.It is found that ρ=50 Ω m and ρ=300 Ω m when, diagnosed using relative to ground resistance
The etch state error of earthing pole is minimum, therefore chooses ρ respectivelyr=50 Ω m and ρr=300 Ω m are as soil resistivity ρ
Opposite soil resistivity under the Ω m of≤100 Ω m and 100 Ω m ＜ ρ≤500 can guarantee the global error of diagnostic method most
It is small.
2) design of the corrosion diagnosis criterion based on relative to ground resistance
The extent of corrosion of earthing pole is divided into " mild corrosion " " moderate corrosion " " severe corrosion " three kinds of states, wherein, it is " light
The corresponding extent of corrosion of degree corrosion " is relatively light, without excavating the earthing pole state replaced, " moderate corrosion " corresponding extent of corrosion is heavier,
But it remains to continue the earthing pole state to come into operation, " severe corrosion " correspondence extent of corrosion is serious, there are corrosion fracture risk, need
Excavate the earthing pole state of replacement.It is corresponding that soil resistivity ρ≤100 Ω m and 100 Ω m ＜ ρ≤500 Ω m can be obtained
Earthing pole etch state diagnosis criterion is as shown in table 1, table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
| Earthing pole relevant parameter | d≥0.02m | 0.01m≤d ＜ 0.02m | D ＜ 0.01m |
| Relative to ground resistance/Ω | Rr≤14.56Ω | 14.56 Ω ＜ Rr≤16.77Ω | Rr≥16.77Ω |
| Earthing pole etch state | Mild corrosion | Moderate corrosion | Severe is corroded |
3) the relative to ground design of resistance calculations
Finally, water intaking flushes earth polar initial diameter d=0.04m, when bringing data into and can be calculated ρ≤100 Ω m, k=
0.0703；During 100 Ω m ＜ ρ≤500 Ω m, k=0.0412.By k, ρrValue bring formula (5) into and can obtain two kinds of soil electricity
The corresponding relative to ground resistance calculations formula in resistance rate section：
Rr=k (ρr-ρm)+Rm=0.0703 (50- ρm)+Rm (6)
Rr=k (ρr-ρm)+Rm=0.0412 (300- ρm)+Rm (7)
Measure ground resistance RmWith soil resistivity ρmAfterwards, according to ρmIt brings corresponding formula into and calculates relative to ground resistance value
Rr, and compared with corresponding criterion, you can obtain the etch state of earthing pole.
3rd, the relative to ground measurement scheme of resistance
1) ground resistance measurement scheme
Ground resistance, which measures, uses three-level method, as shown in Figure 5.Voltage pole P, electric current pole C are subjected to cloth along straight line
It puts, if the cloth pole span of electric current pole is from for LGC, the cloth pole span of voltage pole is from for LGP, distance is L between voltage pole and electric current polePC。
The potential difference that grounding body electric current generates between grounding body G and voltage pole P is：
Similarly, the potential difference that electric current pole C is generated between GP is：
It can show that the voltage between GP is by above formula：
Then finally show that pole tower ground resistance value is：
Measurement error at this time is：
If measurement error is 0, i.e. R-R0=0, it substitutes into formula (12) and obtains：
Separately set LGP=kLGC, then LPC=(1-k) LGC, substitute into formula (13) and obtain：
Solution formula (14) is simultaneously cast out negative value and is obtained：
Known by result of calculation k ≈ 0.618：During practical measurement pole tower ground resistance, zero-potential point is located at grounding body and electric current
Between, if voltage pole is arranged at zero-potential point i.e. LGP=0.618LGC, can arrive to obtain practical grounding resistance.
2) soil resistivity measurement scheme
The measurement of soil resistivity uses four-electrode method, and measuring principle figure is as shown in Figure 6.
a1, a2Distance between electrofluid A and voltage body C, D；
a3, a4Distance between electrofluid B and current potential body C, D；
During measurement, the depth that four electrodes (A, B, C, D) are squeezed into underground is consistent, and pole stick spacing a is not to be exceeded in depth
1/20, the distance between electrofluid should not be too big, and spacing must be equal, and each interelectrode distance is when measuring herein
A is equal to 2m.From A poles Injection Current I, B poles recycling electric current, the potential difference between measuring electrode C and D.Resistivity calculation formula is such as
Shown in formula (16) (17).
ρ is soil resistivity (Ω m) in formula, and R is the resistance (Ω) surveyed, and a is is surveyed the distance between electrode (m), b
The depth (m) being driven underground for test electrode.Above formula under given conditions, i.e., when test electrode squeeze into ground depth
When b is no more than 0.2a, it can be assumed that b=0 can be reduced to equation below：
The π aR (Ω m) (18) of ρ=2
The resistivity for obtaining soil of formula (18) i.e. is substituted into after acquiring electric resistance of soil using formula (16).
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is only to illustrate the technical solution of invention and unrestricted, although passing through
Above preferred embodiment is described in detail the present invention, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be in shape
Various changes are made in formula and to it in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device based on relative to ground resistance, it is characterised in that：The device includes, excitation
Source module, signal acquisition module, signal pre-processing module, central processing module and display module；
The excitation source module is formed to tower grounding pole Injection Current by tower grounding pole, electric current pole and excitation source module
Circuit；The output terminal of excitation source module is connect with central processing module；The input terminal of signal acquisition module is connect with voltage pole, letter
The output terminal of number acquisition module and the input terminal of signal pre-processing module connect, the output terminal and centre of signal pre-processing module
Manage the input terminal connection of module, the output terminal connection of display module and central processing module.
2. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 1, feature
It is：The quantity of the electrode is 4, respectively earthing pole G, voltage pole P1, voltage pole P2 and electric current pole C.
3. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 2, feature
It is：The depth on the earthing pole G, voltage pole P1, voltage pole P2 and electric current pole C insertions ground is consistent and spacing is equal.
4. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance, it is characterised in that：This method includes as follows
Step：
S1：Design earthing pole and the relative to ground resistance for calculating earthing pole；
S2：According to the diagnostic method of different soil resistivity selection earthing pole etch states；
S3：Corrosion diagnosis criterion based on relative to ground resistance is selected according to soil resistivity；
S4：Design and measure the ground resistance of earthing pole；
S5：Design and measure the soil resistivity of the soil residing for earthing pole.
5. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 4, feature
It is：Step S1 is specially：
S11：Selected earthing pole system of laying, earthing pole effective length, the depth of burying, earthing pole initially bury the condition of diameter
Under, the ground resistance of horizontal grounding pole is calculated；
S12：The ground resistance of earthing pole after corrosion is divided into non-corrosion part and erodable section, is calculated opposite after corrosion
Ground resistance,
R=R1+R2
Wherein R be corrosion after relative to ground resistance, R1For the ground resistance of non-corrosion part, R2Ground connection electricity for erodable section
Resistance.
6. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 5, feature
It is：Step S2 is specially：
S21：Analyze the Error Diagnostics of diagnostic method under different soils resistivity；
S22：According to Error Diagnostics, the optimal reference soil resistivity under choosing between different soils resistivity zone.
7. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 6, feature
It is：Step S3 is specially：
S31：Under the premise of the reference soil resistivity of selection, calculate and examined based on the earthing pole etch state under reference resistance rate
Disconnected criterion；
S32：Relative to ground resistance calculations scheme under obtaining between different soils resistivity zone.
8. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 7, feature
It is：Step S4 is specially：
S41：G points earthing pole being arranged in the earth, and by one end of lead-out wire connection ammeter, the other end of ammeter connects
One end of test power supply and one end of voltmeter are connected to, the other end for testing power supply is connected to the C points of the earth, in the another of voltmeter
One end is connected to the P points of the earth；
S42：The equivalent ground resistance of earthing pole and the ground resistance of hemispherical earthing pole are calculated,
Wherein, R0For the ground resistance of equivalent hemispherical earthing pole, R is the ground resistance of helical ground pole, and γ is soil conductivity
Rate, r0For the radius of equivalent hemispherical earthing pole, DPGFor the distance between earth point P and earth point G, DCGIt is earth point C with connecing
The distance between place G, DCPFor the distance between earth point C and earth point P；
It is assumed that the equivalent ground resistance of earthing pole and the ground resistance of hemispherical earthing pole are equal, i.e. Δ R=R-R0=0
If DPG=kDCG, wherein, k DPGWith DCGBetween multiple proportion, then
S43：According to calculated DPGWith DCGBetween multiple proportion arrangement measuring circuit, and meter calculate earthing pole ground connection
Resistance.
9. a kind of earthing pole etch state diagnostic method based on relative to ground resistance according to claim 8, feature
It is：Step S5 is specially：
S51：Four electrodes of earthing pole etch state diagnostic device are squeezed into designated position；
S52：Starter measures the resistance value between two electrodes；
S53：By the resistivity of resistance Conversion Calculation soil,
The π aR of ρ=2
Wherein ρ is soil resistivity, and a is the distance between electrode, and R is measured resistance value.
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| CN110542797A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-06 | 河南四达电力设备股份有限公司 | method for testing contact performance difference between different grounding materials and soil |
| CN112580697A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for selecting grounding of power transmission line tower |
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| CN112580697A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for selecting grounding of power transmission line tower |
| CN112580697B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-05-26 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Power transmission line tower grounding selection method and system |
| CN114166733A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-03-11 | 西南交通大学 | Grounding device characteristic evaluation method based on influence of high-corrosivity resistance reducing agent |
| CN114166733B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-07-08 | 西南交通大学 | Grounding device characteristic evaluation method based on influence of high-corrosivity resistance reducing agent |
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