CN112504238A - Self-sinking and floating type ocean profile and sediment detection device and using method - Google Patents
Self-sinking and floating type ocean profile and sediment detection device and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112504238A CN112504238A CN202011229039.2A CN202011229039A CN112504238A CN 112504238 A CN112504238 A CN 112504238A CN 202011229039 A CN202011229039 A CN 202011229039A CN 112504238 A CN112504238 A CN 112504238A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B22/00—Buoys
- B63B2022/006—Buoys specially adapted for measuring or watch purposes
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of ocean observation, in particular to a self-floating ocean profile and sediment detection device and a using method thereof. The geological comprehensive probe comprises an upper section buoy and a lower geological comprehensive probe, wherein the top of the geological comprehensive probe is connected with the bottom of the section buoy; the section buoy comprises a buoy shell, a base and a buoyancy adjusting mechanism, wherein the base is fixed at the bottom of the buoy shell; synthesize geological probe and include buffer gear, probe rod and sensor segment from top to bottom, the top of probe rod is equipped with buffer gear, and buffer gear includes cardboard, push rod II, piston II and hydraulic pressure oil pocket, and the top and the cardboard of push rod II are connected, the bottom and II fixed connection of piston of push rod II, and piston II is located the hydraulic oil intracavity, and piston II is at hydraulic oil intracavity reciprocating motion. The multi-parameter detection method and the multi-parameter detection device realize multi-parameter detection on the ocean horizontal section, the ocean vertical section and the shallow surface sediment so as to meet the multi-scale and multi-parameter requirements of ocean monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean observation, in particular to a self-floating ocean profile and sediment detection device and a using method thereof.
Background
More advanced and accurate ocean monitoring equipment is needed to provide means for people to know the ocean and the ocean transit.
The ocean observation technology is a cornerstone of the strong ocean nation, the ocean observation equipment of China has great progress in recent years, the ocean observation shows the development trend of three-dimensional, real-time and diversification, and the combination of ocean observation data and data with ocean physics, ecology, resources, military affairs and the like is more and more compact.
The current ocean mobile observation technology has increasingly powerful effects in on-site observation and investigation of dynamic elements, acoustic elements, weather, geology, marine organisms and the like, and becomes a dominant force army in development and utilization of deep and distant sea areas accounting for 90% of the total ocean area.
The autonomous marine mobile observation equipment mainly comprises an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), an underwater Glider (Glider) and an Argo buoy. The AUV has the advantages and disadvantages of wide navigation range and high efficiency, but has complex structure and high cost and can not meet the long-term observation requirement in a large range. The Glider is low in cost, convenient to operate and suitable for clustered and large-scale monitoring, and data can be transmitted only after floating out of the water surface. The Argo buoy realizes the capability of acquiring large-range and deep ocean data in a long-term, automatic, real-time and continuous mode, but the measurement range of the Argo buoy is limited to the ocean vertical section and the Argo buoy does not have the diving capability.
The current mainstream means for detecting the properties of the seabed sediments is to adopt a static Cone Penetration Test (CPT) mode, and the method is high in precision and mature in technology. However, the static sounding measurement cost is high, the requirements of laying and recycling on mother ships are also strict, the dynamic sounding mode that a free falling body penetrates into sediments is utilized, the measurement is simple and convenient, the cost is low, and mature products are gradually produced in recent years.
With the continuous improvement of the requirements of current ocean engineering on detection equipment, the detection equipment develops towards the direction of integration and multi-functionalization. Therefore, the multi-parameter detection equipment for the marine vertical profile and the shallow surface sediment is designed, can provide powerful support for the development of oceanology and engineering, and has a great promoting effect on the research and development of marine observation equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a self-floating type ocean profile and sediment detection device and a using method thereof, which realize multi-parameter detection on an ocean horizontal profile, an ocean vertical profile and shallow surface sediment so as to meet the multi-scale and multi-parameter requirements of ocean monitoring.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a self-sinking floating type ocean profile and sediment detection device comprises an upper profile buoy and a lower geological comprehensive probe, wherein the top of the geological comprehensive probe is connected with the bottom of the profile buoy;
the section buoy comprises a buoy shell, a base and a buoyancy adjusting mechanism, wherein the base and the buoyancy adjusting mechanism are fixed at the bottom of the buoy shell;
the comprehensive geological probe sequentially comprises a buffer mechanism, a probe rod and a sensor segment from top to bottom, the buffer mechanism is arranged at the top of the probe rod, a conical tip and permeable stones are arranged at the bottom of the probe rod, the buffer mechanism comprises a clamping plate, a push rod II, a piston II and a hydraulic oil cavity, the top of the push rod II is connected with the clamping plate, the bottom of the push rod II is fixedly connected with a piston II, the piston II is located in the hydraulic oil cavity, the piston II reciprocates in the hydraulic oil cavity, and hydraulic oil is arranged below the piston II;
the cardboard includes folded sheet and fixed plate, the both sides of fixed plate articulate respectively has the folded sheet, and the folded sheet can only rotate downwards, the top fixed connection of fixed plate and push rod II, be equipped with the recess in the lower part of base, the cardboard level is placed in the recess, the bottom of recess is equipped with the sliding hole, sliding hole and recess intercommunication, push rod II is located the sliding hole, and push rod II is reciprocating motion from top to bottom at the sliding hole, the top of recess is equipped with the top recess, top recess and recess intercommunication, the width of top recess and sliding hole all is less than the size when the cardboard expandes the state, and be greater than the size when cardboard fold condition.
According to the invention, the buoyancy adjusting mechanism comprises a hydraulic driving motor, a push rod I, a buoyancy adjusting cylinder and an oil bag, a through cavity is arranged in the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the push rod I and a piston I are both arranged in the cavity of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the hydraulic driving motor is fixed at the top of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the bottom of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder is connected with the oil bag, the oil bag is communicated with the cavity of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, an output shaft of the hydraulic driving motor is connected with the top end of the push rod, the bottom end of the push rod I is fixedly connected with the piston I, and the piston I moves in a reciprocating manner along the buoyancy adjusting cylinder.
The jettisonable floating body material is sleeved on the outer wall of the buoy shell, an annular disc is arranged on the inner surface of the jettisonable floating body material, the disc is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the buoy shell, and the jettisonable floating body material is connected with the disc through a retaining ring;
the snap ring comprises a female buckle and a male buckle, the female buckle is fixedly connected with the bottom of the throwable floating body material, two ends of the male buckle are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the disc, a hole is formed in the female buckle, the middle of the male buckle penetrates through the hole in the female buckle to realize the fixed connection between the female buckle and the male buckle, and the lower portion of the female buckle is of an inflatable thin-shell structure.
The outer wall of the buoy shell is also fixedly provided with a sensor carrying frame, and the top of the buoy shell is provided with a beacon, a thermohaline deep profiler and a dissolution sensor.
The invention also comprises a using method of the self-floating ocean profile and sediment detecting device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, sinking the device:
in the sinking process of the device, a push rod I in the buoyancy adjusting mechanism moves upwards to reduce the volume of the oil sac and increase the overall density of the device, and under the action of the floating body material and the throwable floating body material, the overall density of the device is greater than that of seawater, so that the device does sinking motion;
in the sinking process of the device, a sensor arranged on the profile buoy acquires stored data, the altimeter continuously emits sound waves downwards, and the height of the device from the seabed is judged;
s2, releasing the throwable floating body material:
when the device sinks to a specified height away from the sea bottom, the retaining ring of the jettisonable floating body material is opened, the jettisonable floating body material is released, the overall density of the device is far greater than that of seawater, and the dropping speed of the device is increased continuously;
s3, completing the injection action of the geological comprehensive probe:
in the process of quick falling of the device, the comprehensive geological probe at the bottom of the device is penetrated into the seabed shallow surface sediment by virtue of the down-thrust, and various parameters of the sediment are obtained by a sensor in the comprehensive geological probe and stored in a profile buoy;
the comprehensive geological probe stops moving after being completely penetrated, the section buoy at the upper part continues to move downwards due to the inertia effect, and the buffer mechanism at the top of the comprehensive geological probe provides counter force to slow down the downward movement speed of the section buoy and protect the section buoy from touching the bottom;
the clamping plate at the top of the buffer mechanism leaves the bottom of the groove until the upper surface of the clamping plate is contacted with the upper surface of the groove and continuously extends into the groove at the top;
s4, separating the section buoy from the geological comprehensive probe:
after the sediment detection is finished, a buoyancy control mechanism in the section buoy fills oil downwards to enlarge an oil sac, the density of the section buoy is smaller than that of seawater under the action of a buoyancy material, the section buoy floats upwards with data under the action of the buoyancy, and the measurement work of various ocean section data is continued in the floating process;
the folded clamping plate leaves the base at the bottom of the section buoy through the sliding hole to realize the separation of the section buoy and the geological comprehensive probe, and the comprehensive geological probe is left in the sediment;
and S5, recycling and reusing the section buoy.
In step S5, after the profile buoy floats to the water surface, the beacon sends a positioning signal to the satellite, and the staff can find the profile buoy according to the positioning signal and read the data to complete the measurement;
after the profile buoy is recovered, the profile buoy is maintained, and meanwhile, the comprehensive geological probe is reinstalled according to detection requirements to prepare for next detection work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by the device, ocean profile parameters and submarine sediment parameters can be measured by the same device;
(2) the dissection buoy is recycled repeatedly, the geological comprehensive probe rod is disposable, the ocean profile and sediment can be rapidly detected, and the economic cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the sectional float;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a construction of a disposable float material;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the female buckle;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a geosynthetic probe;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the damper mechanism;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the configuration of the junction of the profile buoy and the geosynthetic probe during descent of the device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the card;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the configuration of the junction between the profile buoy and the geosynthetic probe during penetration of the device.
In the figure: 1 section buoy; 2, a geological comprehensive probe; 3 a buoyant material; 4, the floating body material can be thrown; 4-1, a retaining ring; 4-1-1 female buckle; 4-1-2 male buckles; 5 stabilizing the disc; 6, a buoy shell; 7, a base; 8, a beacon; 9 warm salt deep section instrument; 10 dissolved oxygen sensor; 11 a radiometer; 12 chlorophyll fluorometer; 13 an altimeter; 14 electromagnetic field; 15 a circuit board; 16 hydraulic drive motors; 17 a buoyancy adjusting mechanism; 18 an oil pocket; 19 a sensor mounting frame; 20 a buffer mechanism; 21 a probe; 21-1 taper tip; 21-2 of permeable stone; 22 a sensor segment; 23, a clamping plate; 23-1 folding the board; 23-2 fixing the plate; 24 grooves; 25 top grooves; 26 sliding the aperture.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the self-sinking floating ocean profile and sediment detection device of the present invention comprises an upper profile buoy 1 and a lower geological synthesis probe 2, wherein the top of the geological synthesis probe 2 is connected with the bottom of the profile buoy 1.
The section buoy 1 comprises a buoy shell 6, a base 7 fixed at the bottom of the buoy shell and a buoyancy adjusting mechanism 17, wherein a sealed cavity is arranged in the buoy shell 6, and a battery 14, a circuit board 15 and the buoyancy adjusting mechanism 17 are arranged in the buoy shell 6. The battery 14 supplies power for the normal operation of the device, ensures that the device can work normally, and ensures that the required information is controlled and collected. The circuit board 15 is used for controlling the posture of the device, collecting detection data, keeping normal communication and feedback in the device, and meanwhile, has a storage function and stores collected information.
The buoyancy adjusting mechanism 17 comprises a hydraulic driving motor 16, a push rod I, a buoyancy adjusting cylinder and an oil bag 18, a through cavity is arranged in the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, and the push rod I and a piston I are both arranged in the cavity of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder. The hydraulic driving motor 16 is fixed on the top of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the bottom of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder is connected with the oil bag 18, and the oil bag is communicated with the cavity of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder. The output shaft of hydraulic drive motor 15 is connected with the top of push rod, and the bottom and the I fixed connection of piston of push rod I, hydraulic drive motor 16 can drive piston I through push rod I and slide from top to bottom along the inner wall of buoyancy adjusting cylinder to the buoyancy of whole device has been realized and has been adjusted.
When the device needs to sink, the hydraulic driving motor 16 drives the piston I to rise through the push rod I, so that hydraulic oil in the oil bag 18 is pumped out to the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the volume of the oil bag 18 is reduced, the overall density of the device is increased, and the sinking of the whole device is realized; when the device needs to float, the hydraulic driving motor 16 pushes the piston I to descend through the push rod I, so that hydraulic oil in the buoyancy adjusting cylinder is pushed into the oil bag 18, the size of the oil bag 18 is reduced, the overall density of the device is reduced, and the floating of the whole device is achieved. In the present application, the density of the device can only be adjusted within a small range due to the small volume of the oil bladder and the hydraulic oil.
The outer wall of the buoy shell 6 is sequentially provided with a jettisonable floating body material 4, a stabilizing disc 5 and a buoyancy material 3 from top to bottom. The buoyancy material 3 is fixed on the outer wall of the buoy shell 6, mainly provides buoyancy, controls the density of the whole device, and makes the density of the device slightly heavier than that of seawater so as to enable the device to sink, or makes the density of the device slightly lower than that of the seawater so as to enable the device to float.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the jettisonable floating body material 4 is sleeved on the outer wall of the buoy shell, an annular disc is arranged on the inner surface of the jettisonable floating body material 4, the disc is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the buoy shell, and the jettisonable floating body material 4 is connected with the disc through a retaining ring 4-1, so that the fixed connection of the jettisonable floating body material 4 and the buoy shell is realized. When the device sinks to a certain depth of water, the retaining ring 4-1 is opened, the jettisonable floating body material 4 is separated from the buoy shell, so that the large-volume buoyancy material on the upper part of the buoy shell is released, the device can do free-falling body-like movement under the action of gravity, and the comprehensive geological probe 2 is penetrated into a shallow surface sediment by means of generated downforce.
In the application, the snap ring 4-1 comprises a female buckle 4-1-1 and a male buckle 4-1-2, wherein the female buckle 4-1-1 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the throwable floating body material 4, two ends of the male buckle 4-1-2 are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the disc, a hole is formed in the female buckle 4-1-1, and the middle of the male buckle 4-1-2 penetrates through the hole in the female buckle 4-1-1, so that the female buckle 4-1-1 and the male buckle 4-1-2 are fixedly connected. The lower part of the female buckle 4-1-1 adopts an inflatable thin shell structure, when a certain water depth is reached, the air pressure inside the thin shell is far lower than the external water pressure, so that the female buckle 4-1-1 is broken, the female buckle 4-1-1 is separated from the male buckle 4-1-2, and the buckle ring 4-1 is in an open state at the moment.
The stabilizing disc 5 is filled with oil and is mainly used for controlling the posture of the device in the sinking or floating process, so that the whole device can keep the posture of vertical sinking or floating.
The outer wall of the buoy shell 6 is also fixed with a sensor carrying frame 19 for carrying sensors, and different sensors can be carried according to different detection indexes in the actual working process. In the embodiment, the sensor carrying frame 19 is provided with an irradiance meter 11, a chlorophyll fluorometer 12 and a height meter 13, wherein the irradiance meter 11 is used for measuring the radiant flux on the unit area of the illuminated surface, and the device mainly acts as the application of the illumination flux; the chlorophyll fluorometer 12 is mainly used for measuring the chlorophyll content of seawater in the sinking and floating processes of the device; the altimeter 13 emits sound waves downwards, and the depth of the device from the sea bottom is judged according to the echo time.
The top of the buoy shell 6 is provided with a beacon 8, a warm salt deep section instrument 9 and a dissolution sensor 10, wherein the beacon 8 is used for positioning the device, and when the device floats to the water surface, the beacon transmits a positioning signal to a satellite, and the device is found through the positioning signal; the warm salt deep section instrument 9 is used for measuring the temperature, salinity and pressure, namely depth of the seawater in the process of sinking or floating of the device; the dissolution sensor 10 is used to measure the dissolved oxygen of seawater during the sinking or floating of the device.
As shown in fig. 5, the comprehensive geological probe 2 sequentially comprises a buffer mechanism 20, a probe rod 21 and a sensor segment 22 from top to bottom, the buffer mechanism 20 is arranged at the top of the probe rod 21, a conical tip 21-1 and a permeable stone 21-2 are arranged at the bottom of the probe rod 21, and the probe can penetrate into sediment through the conical tip 21-1. The buffer mechanism 20 comprises a clamping plate 23, a push rod II, a piston II and a hydraulic oil cavity, upward resistance can be provided, and the connection of the comprehensive geological probe 2 and the section buoy 1 is realized. The top and the cardboard 23 of push rod II are connected, and the bottom and II fixed connection of piston of push rod II, piston II are located the hydraulic oil intracavity, and piston II can be at hydraulic oil intracavity reciprocating motion, and II below of piston are equipped with hydraulic oil. The integrated geological probe 2 is connected with the base 7 at the bottom of the profile buoy above the integrated geological probe by a clamping plate 23.
When the device moves downwards under the action of gravity, the comprehensive geological probe 2 moves downwards until shallow surface sediments are penetrated, the comprehensive geological probe 2 stops moving downwards continuously at the moment, the section buoy 1 above continues moving downwards due to the inertia effect and applies downward thrust to the clamping plate 23, the clamping plate 23 pushes the piston II to move downwards through the push rod II at the moment, oil in a hydraulic oil cavity is compressed, the downward inertia motion of the section buoy above is effectively weakened, the downward movement speed of the section buoy is greatly reduced, and the section buoy is guaranteed not to touch the bottom. After data acquisition is finished, the section buoy floats upwards under the action of buoyancy, and the clamping plate at the top end of the buffer mechanism is separated from the section buoy, so that the section buoy 1 is separated from the comprehensive geological probe 2.
The probe 21 includes several segments of sensor segments 22, and the sensors disposed within the sensor segments 22 include, but are not limited to, pore water pressure sensors, cone tip resistance sensors, side friction resistance sensors, resistivity sensors, acoustic sensors, temperature sensors, and geochemical sensors. In the process that the probe rod penetrates into the sediment, each sensor in the probe rod can measure physical parameters such as cone tip resistance, lateral friction resistance, pore water pressure, resistivity, geochemistry and the like so as to reflect the mechanical properties of the sediment. In practice, the sensor segment 22 can be replaced according to different sediment investigation requirements, so as to realize detection of different indexes.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the base 7 at the bottom of the profile buoy is connected to the geosynthetic probe 2 by a clamping plate 23. The clamping plate 23 comprises a folding plate 23-1 and a fixing plate 23-2, the folding plate 23-1 is respectively arranged on two sides of the fixing plate 23-2, the folding plate 23-1 is hinged with the side edge of the fixing plate 23-2, the folding plate 23-1 can only rotate downwards, and the fixing plate 23-2 is fixedly connected with the top of the push rod II. When the folding plate 23-1 moves to be in a flush state with the plane of the fixing plate 23-2, the clamping plate 23 is in an unfolded state; when the folding plate 23-1 is rotated downwards to the vertical state, the clamping plate is in a folding state. A groove 24 is formed in the lower portion of the base 7, the clamping plate 23 is horizontally placed in the groove 24, a sliding hole 26 is formed in the bottom of the groove 24, the sliding hole 26 is communicated with the groove 24, the push rod II is located in the sliding hole 26 and can move up and down along the sliding hole 26 in a reciprocating mode, and therefore the clamping plate 23 can move in the groove 24 in the vertical direction. The top of the groove 24 is provided with a top groove 25, the top groove 25 communicating with the groove 24. The width of the top groove 25 and the sliding hole 26 are both smaller than the size of the card 23 in the unfolded state and larger than the size of the card 23 in the folded state.
In the descending process of the device, the clamping plate 23 is always clamped at the orifice of the sliding hole 26 at the bottom of the groove 24, although the size of the orifice is smaller than that of the clamping plate 23 in an unfolding state, the clamping plate 23 can only be folded downwards and cannot be folded upwards, so that the clamping plate is always positioned at the bottom of the groove 24, and the connection between the section buoy and the geological comprehensive probe is ensured. After the geological integrated probe of the device penetrates into a sediment and the geological integrated probe stops moving downwards, the section buoy continues moving downwards due to the inertia effect, although the buffer mechanism 20 can reduce the descending speed of the section buoy, the section buoy is still in a downward moving state, therefore, the clamping plate 23 leaves the bottom of the groove 24 until the upper surface of the clamping plate 23 is in contact with the upper surface of the groove 24 and continues to extend into the top groove 25, and because the width of the top groove 25 is smaller than the size of the clamping plate 23 in an unfolding state, two side walls of the top groove 25 exert downward pressure on the folding plates 23-1 at two sides, and the folding plates 23-1 at two sides are folded downwards and enter the top groove 25. After the sediment is penetrated and the sediment detection is finished, the section buoy floats upwards under the action of buoyancy, the clamping plate 23 is folded at the moment, and in the process of floating the analysis buoy, the folded clamping plate 23 leaves the groove 24 through the sliding hole 26, so that the separation of the section buoy and the geological comprehensive probe rod is realized.
The device is a comprehensive device for ocean profile measurement and seabed sediment detection, wherein a profile buoy can be recycled for multiple times, and the comprehensive geological probe has low cost, is convenient to detect and implement and can be thrown by itself after being used once.
The use method of the self-floating ocean profile and sediment detection device comprises the following steps.
In the first step, the device is jettisoned from the mother vessel deck into the sea, allowing the device to sink.
In the process of sinking of the device, the push rod I in the buoyancy adjusting mechanism moves upwards to reduce the volume of the oil sac and increase the overall density of the device, and under the action of the floating body material and the throwable floating body material, the overall density of the device is slightly larger than that of seawater, so that the device does sinking movement. In the sinking process of the device, various sensors arranged on the profile buoy start to work, the temperature and salinity depth, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, luminous flux and the like of the sea water profile are obtained in real time, data are stored, meanwhile, the altimeter continuously emits sound waves downwards, and the height of the device from the sea bed is judged.
And secondly, when the device sinks to a certain height away from the seabed, the system feeds back to open the retaining ring of the jettisonable floating body material and release the jettisonable floating body material, the sinking height of the device can be set, and in the embodiment, the jettisonable floating body material can be released when the device is 100m away from the seabed.
After the jettisonable body material is released, the overall density of the device is far greater than that of seawater, so that the device can move like a self-propelled falling body, and the falling speed is increased continuously.
And thirdly, completing the injection action of the geological comprehensive probe.
In the process of quick falling of the device, the comprehensive geological probe at the bottom of the device is penetrated into the seabed shallow surface sediment by virtue of the down-thrust, various parameters of the sediment, such as mechanical properties, pore water pressure, resistivity, geochemical parameters and the like, are obtained by a sensor in the comprehensive geological probe, and are collected and stored in the profile buoy. The comprehensive geological probe stops moving after being completely penetrated, the section buoy on the upper part continues to move downwards due to the inertia effect, and the buffer mechanism on the top of the comprehensive geological probe provides counter force to slow down the downward movement speed of the section buoy and protect the section buoy from touching the bottom.
And fourthly, separating the profile buoy from the geological comprehensive probe.
After the sediment detection is finished, a buoyancy control mechanism in the section buoy fills oil downwards to enlarge the oil sac, the density of the section buoy is slightly smaller than that of seawater under the action of a buoyancy material, the section buoy floats upwards with data under the action of the buoyancy, and the measurement work of various ocean section data is continuously carried out in the floating process. Meanwhile, in the floating process of the section buoy, the clamping plate 23 is separated from the base at the bottom of the section buoy, so that the section buoy is separated from the geological comprehensive probe, and the geological comprehensive probe is left in the sediment.
And fifthly, floating and recycling the section buoy.
After the section buoy floats to the water surface, the beacon sends a positioning signal to the satellite, and at the moment, a worker can find the section buoy according to the positioning signal and read data to finish the measurement work. After the profile buoy is recovered, the profile buoy is maintained, and meanwhile, the comprehensive geological probe is reinstalled according to detection requirements to prepare for next detection work.
The self-sinking and floating ocean profile and sediment detection device and the using method provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A self-sinking floating type ocean profile and sediment detection device is characterized by comprising an upper profile buoy (1) and a lower geological comprehensive probe (2), wherein the top of the geological comprehensive probe (2) is connected with the bottom of the profile buoy (1);
the section buoy (1) comprises a buoy shell (6), a base (7) and a buoyancy adjusting mechanism (17), wherein the base (7) and the buoyancy adjusting mechanism (17) are fixed at the bottom of the buoy shell, a sealing cavity is arranged in the buoy shell (6), a battery (14), a circuit board (15) and the buoyancy adjusting mechanism (17) are arranged in the sealing cavity of the buoy shell (6), and a jettisonable floating body material (4), a stabilizing disc (5) and a buoyancy material (3) are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the buoy shell (6) from top to bottom;
the comprehensive geological probe (2) sequentially comprises a buffer mechanism (20), a probe rod (21) and a sensor segment (22) from top to bottom, the buffer mechanism (20) is arranged at the top of the probe rod (21), a conical tip (21-1) and a permeable stone (21-2) are arranged at the bottom of the probe rod (21), the buffer mechanism (20) comprises a clamping plate (23), a push rod II, a piston II and a hydraulic oil cavity, the top of the push rod II is connected with the clamping plate (23), the bottom of the push rod II is fixedly connected with the piston II, the piston II is located in the hydraulic oil cavity, the piston II reciprocates in the hydraulic oil cavity, and hydraulic oil is arranged below the piston II;
the clamping plate (23) comprises a folding plate (23-1) and a fixing plate (23-2), the two sides of the fixing plate (23-2) are respectively hinged with the folding plate (23-1), the folding plate (23-1) can only rotate downwards, the fixing plate (23-2) is fixedly connected with the top of the push rod II, a groove (24) is formed in the lower portion of the base (7), the clamping plate (23) is horizontally placed in the groove (24), a sliding hole (26) is formed in the bottom of the groove (24), the sliding hole (26) is communicated with the groove (24), the push rod II is located in the sliding hole (26), the push rod II reciprocates up and down in the sliding hole (26), a top groove (25) is formed in the top of the groove (24), the top groove (25) is communicated with the groove (24), and the widths of the top groove (25) and the sliding hole (26) are smaller than the size of the clamping plate (23) in the unfolding, and is larger than the size of the clamping plate (23) when the clamping plate is folded.
2. The self-sinking floating type ocean profile and sediment detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the buoyancy adjusting mechanism (17) comprises a hydraulic driving motor (16), a push rod I, a buoyancy adjusting cylinder and an oil bag (18), a through cavity is arranged in the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the push rod I and a piston I are both arranged in the cavity of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the hydraulic driving motor (16) is fixed at the top of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, the bottom of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder is connected with the oil bag (18), the oil bag is communicated with the cavity of the buoyancy adjusting cylinder, an output shaft of the hydraulic driving motor (15) is connected with the top end of the push rod, the bottom end of the push rod I is fixedly connected with the piston I, and the piston I reciprocates along the buoyancy adjusting cylinder.
3. The self-sinking floating ocean profile and sediment detection device of claim 1, wherein the jettisonable body material (4) is sleeved on the outer wall of the buoy shell, an annular disc is arranged on the inner surface of the jettisonable body material (4), the disc is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the buoy shell, and the jettisonable body material (4) is connected with the disc through a retaining ring (4-1);
the snap ring (4-1) comprises a female buckle (4-1-1) and a male buckle (4-1-2), the female buckle (4-1-1) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the throwable floating body material (4), two ends of the male buckle (4-1-2) are fixedly connected with the outer surface of the disc, a hole is formed in the female buckle (4-1-1), the middle of the male buckle (4-1-2) penetrates through the hole in the female buckle (4-1-1) to achieve the fixed connection between the female buckle (4-1-1) and the male buckle (4-1-2), and the lower portion of the female buckle (4-1-1) is of an inflatable thin shell structure.
4. The self-sinking floating ocean profile and sediment detection device of claim 1, wherein: a sensor carrying frame (19) is further fixed on the outer wall of the buoy shell (6), and a beacon (8), a warm salt deep section instrument (9) and a dissolution sensor (10) are arranged at the top of the buoy shell (6).
5. A method of using the self-ballasted ocean profile and sediment detection apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
s1, sinking the device:
in the sinking process of the device, a push rod I in the buoyancy adjusting mechanism moves upwards to reduce the volume of the oil sac and increase the overall density of the device, and under the action of the floating body material and the throwable floating body material, the overall density of the device is greater than that of seawater, so that the device does sinking motion;
in the sinking process of the device, a sensor arranged on the profile buoy acquires stored data, the altimeter continuously emits sound waves downwards, and the height of the device from the seabed is judged;
s2, releasing the throwable floating body material:
when the device sinks to a specified height away from the sea bottom, the retaining ring of the jettisonable floating body material is opened, the jettisonable floating body material is released, the overall density of the device is far greater than that of seawater, and the dropping speed of the device is increased continuously;
s3, completing the injection action of the geological comprehensive probe:
in the process of quick falling of the device, the comprehensive geological probe at the bottom of the device is penetrated into the seabed shallow surface sediment by virtue of the down-thrust, and various parameters of the sediment are obtained by a sensor in the comprehensive geological probe and stored in a profile buoy;
the comprehensive geological probe stops moving after being completely penetrated, the section buoy at the upper part continues to move downwards due to the inertia effect, and the buffer mechanism at the top of the comprehensive geological probe provides counter force to slow down the downward movement speed of the section buoy and protect the section buoy from touching the bottom;
the clamping plate at the top of the buffer mechanism leaves the bottom of the groove until the upper surface of the clamping plate is contacted with the upper surface of the groove and continuously extends into the groove at the top;
s4, separating the section buoy from the geological comprehensive probe:
after the sediment detection is finished, a buoyancy control mechanism in the section buoy fills oil downwards to enlarge an oil sac, the density of the section buoy is smaller than that of seawater under the action of a buoyancy material, the section buoy floats upwards with data under the action of the buoyancy, and the measurement work of various ocean section data is continuously carried out in the floating process;
the folded clamping plate leaves the base at the bottom of the profile buoy through the sliding hole to realize the separation of the profile buoy and the geological comprehensive probe, and the comprehensive geological probe is left in the sediment;
and S5, recycling and reusing the section buoy.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in step S5, after the profile buoy floats to the water surface, the beacon sends a positioning signal to the satellite, and the staff can find the profile buoy according to the positioning signal and read the data to complete the measurement;
after the profile buoy is recovered, the profile buoy is maintained, and meanwhile, the comprehensive geological probe is reinstalled according to detection requirements to prepare for next detection work.
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